eCalcTests PDF

A Little eBook
of
Calculus Tests
Interactive Self -Tests and Practice Exams
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Contents
1 Limits 3
Self-Test 1.1 • Self-Test 1.2
2 Differentiation 5
Using the Definition of the Derivative 2.1 • Polynomials 2.2 •
Product & Quotient Rules 2.3 • Chain/Power Rule 2.4 •
Implicit Function Differentiation 2.5
3 Quiz I Practice (Limits and Using the Definition of the Derivative) 10

Quiz 3.1 • Quiz 3.2 • Quiz 3.3 • Quiz 3.4
4 Quiz I Practice (Limits, Definition of the Derivative, Product and Quotient Rules) 14
Quiz 4.1
5 Applications of Differentiation 15
Tangents & Normals 5.1 • Related Rates 5.2
6 Midterm Practice (Differentiation and Applications) 17

Quiz 6.1 • Quiz 6.2
7 Integration 19
Indefinite Integration 7.1 • Definite Integration 7.2
Contents
8 Quiz 3 Practice (Integration) 21 Next Page
Quiz 8.1 • Quiz 8.2 • Quiz 8.3
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Area 9.1 • Work 9.2 Page 2 of 203
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Solutions to Quizzes 26
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1. Limits
1.1. Self-Test
To start, press
Evaluate the limits shown below. (If the limit does not exist, enter dne or does not exist.)
x
1. lim =
x →42 21
2. lim 3 − 4x =
x →−2
p
3. lim 3x x2 − 9 =
x →3
4. lim x2 =
x →2
x2 − 4
5. lim =
x →−2 x+2
x2 − 4
6. lim =
x →2 x+2

x − 2
7. lim =
x →2 x−2
√
x−3
8. lim =
x →9 9−x
p
9. lim ( x − 2) x2 − 11 =
x →2 Contents
x3 −8 Next Page
10. lim =
x →2 x2 − 4
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1.2. Self-Test
To start, press
√
x2 + 9
1. lim =
x →4 x+3
4
2. lim ( x − 3)3 + =
x →2 2x2
3t2 − 4
3. lim =
t→−1 t−1
x2 + x − 6
4. lim =
x →2 x2 − x − 2
1
5. lim =
x →∞x2
p
6. lim 4 − x2 =
x →2
1
x− 12
7. lim =
x →2 x−2
x3 − 8
8. lim =
x →2 x − 2
x3 + 1
9. lim =
x →−1 x + 1
x2 + 3t − 10
10. lim = Contents
x →2 x2 − 4
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2. Differentiation
2.1. Using the Definition of the Derivative
To start, press
Use the definition to find the derivative of the following functions, or to evaluate for the given variable
value as indicated by the question.
3
Enter your input as you would to a calculator or spreadsheet, e.g. enter √ as 3/(4x^0.5).
4 x
1. f ( x ) = 3x − x2 . f 0 (x) =
2. f (t) = t3 + t2 + t. f 0 (t) =
2
3. y = 2x + . f 0 (x) =
x
s
4. f (s) = . f 0 (s) =
2s + 1
√
5. y = x + 1. y0 ( x ) =
6. s(t) = 42t − 5t2 . Find the value of t

where the tangent to s(t) is horizontal. t =
p
7. f ( x ) = 4 − x2 .
Find x such that the slope of f ( x ) is −1. x =

d 1
8. a) √ =
dx x

1 Contents
b) The tangent line at 4, is y =
2 Next Page
1−x 0
9. f ( x ) = . f (x) = Previous Page
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2.2. Polynomials
To start, press
3
Enter your input as you would to a calculator or spreadsheet, e.g. enter √ as 3/(4x^0.5).
4 x
1. f ( x ) = 4x3 − 3x2 + 2x − 1. f 0 (x) =
2. s(t) = (3t)4 − (2t)5 . s0 (t) =

√
2x. f 0 ( x ) =
3. f ( x ) =
√ √ √ √
g0 (t) =
3 3
4. g(t) = π 4t2 − 8t3 4t2 + 8t3 .
5. f ( x ) = 1 − x3 x3 + 1 . f 0 (x) =

√ 1 √
6. f ( x ) = x2 x − √ + x3 x3 . f 0 (x) =
x
7. A ball is thrown vertically upwards. The ball’s elevation in metres
after t seconds is given by h(t) = 22t − 5t2 . The velocity
(instantaneous change of elevation) of the ball is given by h0 (t).
Determine values (without units) for:
a) the ball’s velocity, in m/s, after 1.5 seconds =
b) the time, in seconds, to reach the highest point =
b) the maximum height, in metres, of the ball =

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2.3. Product & Quotient Rules
3y2
To start, press Input style: √ is entered as 3/(4x^0.5), etc.
4 x
Use the product rule to find the following derivatives:
1. h(t) = (2t + 3)(4t − 5). h0 (t) =
2. y( x ) = 2x3 − 3 3x2 + 2 . y0 ( x ) =

2
3. g( x ) = 3x2 + 2x + 1 . g0 ( x ) =
4. f (s) = s2 + s + 1 s2 − s + 1 . f 0 (s) =

√ √

3 2
5. y = 2 x + 3 x− . y0 =
x x
Use the quotient rule to find the following derivatives:
x−3
6. y( x ) = . y0 ( x ) =
x+3
t2
7. g(t) = . g0 (t) =
t+1
x2 + 1
8. y( x ) = . y0 ( x ) =
2x2 + 1
s2 + 1
9. p(s) = √ . p0 (s) =
s−1
1 Contents
10. y( x ) = 1
. y0 =
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2.4. Chain/Power Rule
3y2
To start, press . Input style: √ is entered as 3y^2/(4x^0.5).
4 x
1. f ( x ) = (3x + 2)3 . Then f 0 ( x ) =
2. g(t) = (10 − 3t2 )5 . Then g0 (t) =

1
3. h( x ) = . Then h0 ( x ) =
( x2 + 2)2
p dy
4. y = 3x2 − 2x + 1. Then =
dx
1/3 dy
5. y = 1 + x3 . Then =
dx
r
5
6. s(t) = . Then s0 (t) =
t
4
7. y = x3 2x2 − 3 . Then y0 =
8. y = (2x + 1)3 (3x + 1)2 . Then y0 =

3/2 ds
9. s(t) = 1 + t2/3 . Then =
dt
h i5
10. g(y) = 1 + (2y + 3)4 . Then g0 (y) =
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2.5. Implicit Function Differentiation
3y2
To start, press . Input style:√ is entered as 3y^2/(4x^0.5).
4 x
Multiple answers to a question part should be separated by commas, e.g.
1. x + xy + y = 0.
a) Use implicit differentiation to find y0 .
b) Find y’ at (−2, −2), (0, 0) and at (2, −2/3).

c) Rearrange x + xy + y = 0 so that y = g( x ) is an explicit function
of x. That is, isolate the variable y. y = g( x ) =
dg
d) Differentiate g( x ), the result from c) above. =
dx
e) Find g’ at (−2, −2), (0, 0) and at (2, −2/3).

dy
2. x2 y2 − x3 + y3 = 0. =
dx
dy
3. x2 y2 = x3 + y3 . =
dx
4. ( x − 2)2 + (y − 1)2 = 25 is the equation of the circle with centre (2, 1) and radius 5.
dy
a) The derivative =
dx
dy
5. ( x + y)2 + ( x − y)2 = x3 + y3 . =
dx
Contents
6. x2 y − xy2 + x2 + y2 = 0. y0 =
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3. Quiz I Practice (Limits and Using the Definition of the
Derivative)
3.1. Quiz
To start, press
1. Evaluate the limit or, if it does not exist, write dne: lim 2x2 − x + 3 =
x →2
√
2. Evaluate the limit or, if it does not exist, write dne: lim t+7 =
t→42
2−x
3. Evaluate the limit or, if it does not exist, write dne: lim =
x2 + 1x →−1
p
4. Evaluate the limit or, if it does not exist, write dne: lim
√ h2 − 3 =
h→ 3
6 + 9x
x →−2/3 |3x + 2|
1 + 3s + s2
s→−1 s
t2 − 4t − 5
t →5 t−5
In the following two questions, use the definition of the derivative to find the derivative of the function.
8. The derivative of s(t) = 3t − 5t2 is given by s0 (t) =
√
9. The derivative of f ( x ) = x − 2 is given by f 0 ( x ) = Contents
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3.2. Quiz
To start, press
1. Evaluate the limit or, if it does not exist, write dne: lim 2( x − 1)2 − 2( x + 1) =
x →2
√
x2 + 4
x →1 x+2
4 − s2
s →2 2−s
x2 + 5x − 14
x →2 x2 + x − 6
2
x − 1
x →1 x−1
p
( t − 2)3
t →2 t−2
In the following two questions, use the definition of the derivative to find the derivative of the function.
1
7. The derivative of y( x ) = is given by y0 ( x ) =
1+x
d
8. a) (2x + 3)2 =
dx
b) The equation of the tangent line with slope 4 is y =
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3.3. Quiz
To start, press
1. lim (3x + 2)3 − x2 =

x →−1
p
2. lim h2 − 4 =
h →2
√
1 + 9s2
3. lim =
s→1/3 1 + 3s
3p2 − 2p
4. lim =
p →0 p
8 + y3
5. lim =
y→−2 y+2
n2 − 3n + 2
6. lim =
n →2 n2 + n − 6
Use the definition of a derivative to find the following derivatives.
7. f ( x ) = 3x2 + 2x. f 0 ( x ) =
√
8. s(t) = t + 7. s0 (t) =
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3.4. Quiz
To start, press
1. lim (2x + 3)2 − x3 =

x →−1
p
2. lim t2 + 9 =
t →3
√
4 − s2
3. lim =
s →2 2−s
q + 5q2
4. lim =
q →0 5q
w3 − 1
5. lim =
w →1 w−1
m2 − 3m − 4
6. lim =
m →1 m2 − 3m + 2
Use the definition of a derivative to find the following derivatives.
7. s(t) = 2t2 + 3t. s0 (t) =

√
8. f ( x ) = x − 5. f 0 ( x ) =
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4. Quiz I Practice (Limits, Definition of the Derivative, Product
and Quotient Rules)
4.1. Quiz
To start, press
1. Evaluate the limit or, if it does not exist, write dne: lim x2 + 3x − 4 =
x →2
p
2. Evaluate the limit or, if it does not exist, write dne: lim h2 + 9 =
h→−4
p
3. Evaluate the limit or, if it does not exist, write dne: lim x2 − 4 =
x →2
p2 − 9
p →3 p−3
y2 + y − 12
y→−4 2y2 + 7y − 4
y2 + y − 12
y→−4 2y2 + 7y − 4
In the following three questions, use the definition of the derivative to find the derivative of the
function.
7. The derivative of s(t) = 3t − 5t2 is given by s0 (t) =
√
8. The derivative of f ( x ) = x − 2 is given by f 0 ( x ) =
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5. Applications of Differentiation
5.1. Tangents & Normals
3y2
To start, press Input style: √ is entered as 3/(4x^0.5), etc.
4 x
1. The line tangent to y = 3x2 + 4x + 2 at (−1, 1) is y =
2. The line normal to xy + y2 + 2 = 0 at (3, −1) is y =

√
3. The line normal to s(t) = 8t + 1 with a slope of −3/4 is y =
1
4. The line tangent to y = with a slope of 27/4 is y =
( x + 1)2
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5.2. Related Rates
To start, press All answers should be numerical. Do not enter units.
1. x and y are both functions of t, related by 5y − x2 = 5.

dx dy dy
If = 3, find when x = 2: =
dt dt dt x=2
2. A ladder that is 10 m long rests on horizontal ground against a vertical wall.
The bottom of the ladder begins to slide away from the wall at 1 m/s.
How fast (in m/s) is the top of the ladder sliding down the wall when
the bottom of the ladder is 6 m away from the bottom of the wall?
3. A spherical exercise ball is inflated at the rate of 0.09 m3 /min.

At what rate (in mm/s) is the diameter increasing when the diameter is 600 mm?
4
(The volume of a sphere is V = πr3 .)
3
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6. Midterm Practice (Differentiation and Applications)
6.1. Quiz
To start, press

1 dy
1. Use the product rule to differentiate y = (3 − x ) 3 + . =
x dx
2t2 + 1 ds
2. Use the quotient rule to differentiate s(t) = . =
t2 + 1 dt
p dg
3. g( x ) = 3 − x2 . =
dx
4. Given the implicit function x3 + 3y − y2 = 17:
dy
(a) Differentiate the function with respect to x. =
dx
(b) Evaluate the slope of the curve at (3, 5).

5. The equation of the line normal to the curve
y = x2 − 3x − 2 at the point (4, 2) is given by y =
6. The elevation of a gun shell is given by y(t) = 300t − 5t2 where y is in metres
and t is in seconds. Find the maximum elevation of the shell (in metres).
7. A spherical weather balloon is released and ascends to the upper atmosphere. As the balloon climbs,
atmospheric pressure decreases and the volume of the balloon increases. When it reaches an altitude of
12 km, the radius of the balloon is 1.8 m and increases at a rate of 28 mm/min. Contents
3
At what rate (in m /min) is the volume of the balloon increasing at this altitude? Next Page
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6.2. Quiz
To start, press
1

dy
2
1. Use the product rule to differentiate y = 3 − x 3+ 2 . =
x dx
3 − t2 ds
2. Use the quotient rule to differentiate s(t) = . =
3 + t2 dt
p dg
3. g( x ) = 1 + 3x2 . =
dx
4. Given the implicit function x2 − y − y2 + 2 = 0:
dy
(a) Differentiate the function with respect to x. =
dx
(b) Evaluate the slope of the curve at (2, 3).

5. The equation of the line normal to the curve
y = 3x2 − 4x − 3 at the point (2, 1) is given by y =
6. The daily profit of a small company is given by p( x ) = 23x − 0.1x2 where p is in metres
and x is the number of products sold.
Find the maximum daily profit for the company (in dollars).
7. A spherical weather balloon is released and ascends to the upper atmosphere. As the balloon climbs,
atmospheric pressure decreases and the volume of the balloon increases. When it reaches an altitude of
18 km, the radius of the balloon is 3.7 m and increases at a rate of 46 mm/min.
At what rate (in m3 /min) is the volume of the balloon increasing at this altitude?
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7. Integration
7.1. Indefinite Integration
To start, press
Z
1. 4t3 − 3t2 + 2t − 1 dt = +C
Z
2. If f ( x ) = x2 − 2x, then 3 f ( x ) dx = +C
1 1
Z
3. − 2 dx = +C
x3 x
Z √ √3
4. x3 + x2 dx = +C
√

1
Z
5. x x+ √ dx = +C
x
Z
6. (t + 1)2 dt = +C
ds
Z
7. = +C
( s + 1)2
Z q
3
8. p2 − 2p + 1 dp = +C
Z p
9. x2 1 − x3 dx = +C
√
3
10. The equation of curve with slope x that Contents
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7.2. Definite Integration
To start, press
Z 3
1. t3 dt =
1
Z 3
dx
2. √ =
0 1+x
Z 1
3. s 1 − s2 ds =
−2
Z 3
1
4. x2 + dx =
−2 x2
Z 14
dy
5. p =
1 3
4y2 − 4y + 1
Z 3
x
6. √
3
dx =
0 x2 − 1
Z 4 p
7. x x2 + 9 dx =
0
Z 5 p
8. (6 − 8x ) 2x2 − 3x + 1 dx =
0
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8. Quiz 3 Practice (Integration)
8.1. Quiz
To start, press
4t4 − 3t3
Z
1. dt = +C
t
2. The slope of the tangent of a curve is given by f ( x ) = 2x3 − 3x. Given that the curve
passes through the point (2,9), the equation of the curve is given by y =
Z
1
3. y5/3 + 3/5 dy = +C
y
Z 1
4. 7 − 2x + x3 dx =
−2
Z 14
dt
5. √
3
=
0 4t2 − 4t + 1
Z 2 p
6. (s2 + 2s) s3 + 3s2 − 4 ds =
−2
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8.2. Quiz
To start, press
4s4 + 2s2
Z
1. ds = +C
s
2. The slope of the tangent of a curve is given by h(s) = s3 + s. Given that the curve
passes through the point (-1,0), the equation of the curve is given by y =
Z
1
3. y4/5 − 5/4 dy = +C
y
Z 2
4. t − 2t3 + 3 dt =
−1
Z 9
ds
5. √
3
=
0s2 − 2s + 1
Z 5 p
6. (6 − 8x ) 2x2 − 3x + 1 dx =
0
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8.3. Quiz
To start, press
4t4 + 3t3
Z
1. dt = +C
t3
2. The slope of the tangent of a curve is given by g(t) = t2 − 4t. Given that the curve
passes through the point (3,-6), the equation of the curve is given by y =
Z
1
3. y3/4 − 4/3 dy = +C
y
Z 2 p
4. (s2 + 2s) s3 + 3s2 − 4 ds =
−2
Z 6
dx
5. √
3
=
−3x2 + 4x + 4
Z 1 p
6. (t2 + 1) 3t + t3 dt =
0
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9. Applications of Integration
9.1. Area
To start, press
1. Find the area bounded by y = x2 − 2x − 3 and the line y = 0. A =
2. Find the area bounded by y = x2 and the line y = x. A =
3. Find the area bounded by y = ( x − 1)2 − 2 and y = − x2 + 3. A =
4. The function f ( x ) = x3 − 3x2 − x + 3 intercepts the x-axis at x = −1, x = 1 and x = 3.

Find the area bounded by f ( x ), the x-axis, x = −1 and x = 3. A =
x2
5. Find the area bounded by y = x2 , y = − + 5 and y = 2x. A =
4
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9.2. Work
To start, press
1. An elevator with a loaded weight of 9000 N is supported by cables weighing 192 N/m.
When the elevator is at the basement level, there is 37.5 m of cable out between the elevator
and the cable drum at the top of the elevator shaft.
a) How much work is done raising the elevator from the basement to the fifth floor, a distance of 18.0 m?
W= kN · m (5 significant digits)
b) If three passengers (with a combined weight of 1875 N) get off the elevator at the fifth floor, how
much work is done raising the elevator the fifth floor to the tenth floor, a distance of 15.0 m?
W= kN · m (5 significant digits)
2. A bungee-jumper with weight of 720 N steps off a bridge attached to a bungee cord with normal length
50 m. The bungee jumper finally comes to rest at a distance 60 m below the bridge. How much work
(in kN·m) is done stretching the bungee cord?
W= N · M (5 significant digits)
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Solutions to Quizzes
x
I Question 1. Evaluate lim
x →42 21
x
f (x) = is a polynomial of degree 1 and is continuous for every real x
21
Then the limit can be found by evaluating the f ( x ) at x = 42
42
f (42) = =2
21
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I Question 2. Evaluate lim 3 − 4x
x →−2
f ( x ) = 3 − 4x is a polynomial of degree 1 and is continuous for

every real x
The limit can be found by evaluating f ( x ) at x = −2
lim 3 − 4x = f (−2) = 3 − (−4x ) = 11

x →−2
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p
I Question 3. Evaluate lim 3x x2 − 9
x →3
p
f ( x ) = 3x x2 − 9 is defined at x = 0 and for x2 > 9
Thus, f ( x ) has a domain of (−∞, 3] ∪ 0 ∪ [3, ∞).
lim f ( x ) does not exist because f ( x ) is not defined in the region to the
x → 3−
left of x = 3.
Consequently, lim f ( x ) does not exist.
x →3
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I Question 4. lim x − 3
x →3
f ( x ) = x2 is continuous for every real x so
lim x2 = f (2) = 4
x →2
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x2 − 4
I Question 5. lim
x →−2 x+2
x2 − 4 ( x − 2)( x + 2)
lim = lim
x →−2 x+2 x →−2 ( x + 2)
= lim ( x − 2)
x →−2
= −4
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x2 − 4
I Question 6. lim
x →2 x+2
f ( x ) is continuous everywhere except at x = −2. In particular, f ( x ) is continuous at x = 2
x2 − 4 0
lim = f (2) = = 0
x →2 x+2 4
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x − 2
I Question 7. lim
x →2 x−2

x − 2 2−x
lim = lim− = lim− −1 = −1
x → 2− x−2 x →2 x−2 x →2

x − 2 x−2
lim = lim+ = lim+ 1 = 1
x → 2+ x − 2 x →2 x−2 x →2

x − 2
f (x) =
x−2
(2, 1)
(2, −1)
Both one-sided limits exist but they are not equal to each other:

x − 2
lim does not exist (d.n.e.)
x →2 x − 2
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√
x−3
I Question 8. lim
x →9 9−x
√ √
x−3 x−3
lim = lim √ √
x →9 9−x x →9 3− x 3+ x
√
− 3− x
= lim √ √
x →9 3 − x 3 + x
−1
= lim √
x →9 3 + x
1
=−
6
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p
I Question 9. Evaluate lim ( x − 2) x2 − 11
x →2
p √
f ( x ) = ( x − 2) x2 − 11 is defined at x = 2 since f (2) = 0 · −1 = 0.
However, f ( x ) is not defined as x → 2 since, when x is close to but not equal to 2,
x − 2 6= 0.
Then, f ( x ) equals some small number multiplied by the square root of a negative
number. The square root of a negative number is not defined
(as far as we’re concerned in this course).
So, f ( x ) is not defined as x → 2 and there is no limit.
p
lim ( x − 2) x2 − 11 does not exist.
x →2
f (x)
p
f ( x ) = ( x − 2) x2 − 11
x
√
(2, 0) ( 11, 0)
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x3 − 8
x →2 x2 − 4
x3 − 8
The function f ( x ) = is not continuous at x = 2; the denominator approaches
x2 − 4
0 as x approaches 2
x − 2 x2 + 2x + 4

x3 − 8
lim = lim
x2 − 4

x →2 x →2 x−2 x+2
2

x + 2x + 4
= lim
x →2 x+2
x2 + 2x + 4

Now, the function g( x ) = is well-behaved, and continuous, at x = 2 so
x+2
the limit can be easily evaluated:
x2 + 2x + 4

lim = lim g( x ) = g(2) = 3
x →2 x+2 x →2
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√
x2 + 9
x →4 x+3
√
x2 + 9
f (x) = is defined and continuous except at x = −3
x+3
√
42 + 9 5
lim f ( x ) = f (4) = =
x →4 4+3 7
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4
I Question 2. Evaluate lim ( x − 3)3 +
x →2 2x2
4
f ( x ) = ( x − 3)3 + is defined and continuous except at x = 0
2x2
4 1 1
lim f ( x ) = f (2) = (2 − 3)3 + = −1 + = −
x →2 2 22 2 2
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3t2 − 4
t→−1 t−1
3t2 − 4
s(t) = is defined and continuous except at t = 1
t−1
3(−1)2 − 4 1
lim s(t) = s(−1) = =
t→−1 −1 − 1 2
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x2 + x − 6
x →2 x2 − x − 2
x2 + x − 6
f (x) =
x2 − x − 2
0
lim f ( x ) is of the form ; it is indeterminate.
x →2 0
Both the numerator and the denominator are 0 when x = 2; this tells us
that x − 2 is a factor of them both.
x2 + x − 6 ( x + 3)( x − 2) ( x + 3) 5
lim 2
= lim = lim =
x →2 x −x−2 x →2 ( x + 1 )( x − 2 ) x →2 ( x + 1 ) 3
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1
x →∞ x2
1
f (x) =
As can be seen from the graph, as x → ∞ the value of f ( x ) gets x2
closer and closer to 0 but never actually reaches it, i.e. we cannot
1
find an x large enough that 2 equals 0.
x
We can, though, make f ( x ) as close to 0 as we want by appropriate
choice of x.
Consider an extremely small√value d > 0. We
√ need to find an x so
that f ( x ) ≤ d. Try x = 1/ d. Then f (1/ d) = d as we required.
x
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p
I Question 6. Evaluate lim 4 − x2
x →2
p
Consider the domain of f ( x ) = 4 − x2 .
The value under the square root sign cannot be negative. Thus,
4 − x 2 ≥ 0 ⇒ x 2 ≤ 4 ⇒ −2 ≤ x ≤ 2
Since f ( x ) is not defined for x > 2, lim does not exist.

x → 2+
Thus, lim ]2 does not exist since one of its one-sided limits does not exist.
[→ x
Note, however, that lim f ( x ) does exist and is equal to 0.

x → 2−
p
f (x) = 4 − x2
(−2, 0) (2, 0) x
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1
x− 12
x →2 x−2
Division by x − 2 is legal in the following calculations because although

x → 2, x never actually reaches 2 and x 6= 2 so there is no division by 0.
1 2− x
x− 21
lim = lim 2x
x →2 x−2 x →2 x − 2
x −2
2x
= − lim
x →2 x−2
1
2x
= − lim
x →2 1
1
= − lim
x →2 x
1
=−
4
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x3 − 8
I Question 8. lim
x →2 x − 2
f (x)
x3 − 8
f (x) =
x−2
x3 − 8
Although is not defined for x = 2,
x−2
it is defined on each side of x = 2.
Therefore, (2, 12)
x3 − 8 ( x − 2) x2 + 2x + 4

lim = lim
x →2 x − 2 x →2 ( x − 2)

= lim x2 + 2x + 4
x →2

= (2)2 + 2(2) + 4
= 12
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x3 + 1
I Question 9. lim
x →−1 x + 1
x3 + 1
Although is not defined for x = −1,
x+1
it is defined on each side of x = −1. f (x)
Therefore,
x3 + 1 ( x + 1) x 2 − x + 1

lim = lim
x →−1 x + 1 x →−1 ( x + 1)
x3 + 1
= lim x2 − x + 1 f (x) =
x →−1 (−1, 3) x+1

= (−1)2 − (−1) + 1
x
=3
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x3 + 1
I Question 10. lim
x →−1 x + 1
Both the numerator x2 + 3t − 10 and the denominator x2 − 4 approach 0

as x → 2 so the function is not continuous at x = 2. We use the fact that
x → 2 but x 6= 2 to divide both numerator and denominator by x − 2 to
get a continuous function:
x2 + 3t − 10 ( x + 5)( x − 2)
lim = lim
x →2 x2 − 4 x →2 ( x + 2)( x − 2)
( x + 5)
= lim
x →2 ( x + 2)
(2 + 5)
=
(2 + 2)
7
= 4
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I Question 1. f ( x ) = 3x − x2 .
f ( x + h) − f ( x )
f 0 ( x ) = lim
h →0 h
3( x + h) − ( x + h)2 − 3x − x2

= lim
h →0 h
3x + 3h − x2 − 2hx − h2 − 3x + x2
= lim
h →0 h
3h − 2hx − h2
= lim
h →0 h
= lim 3 − 2x − h
h →0
= 3 − 2x
Solution should be input 3-2x or equivalent
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I Question 2. 3t2 + 2t + 1
f (t + h) − f (t)
f 0 (t) = lim
h →0 h
( t + h )3 + ( t + h )2 + ( t + h ) − t3 + t2 + t

= lim
h →0 h
t3 + 3t2 h + 3th2 + h3 + t2 + 2th + h2 + t + h − t3 − t2 − t
= lim
h →0 h
3t2 h + 3th2 + h3 + 2th + h2 + h
= lim
h →0 h
2 2
= lim 3t + 3th + h + 2t + h + 1
h →0
= 3t2 + 2t + 1
Solution should be input 3t^2+2t+1 or equivalent
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2
I Question 3. f ( x ) = 2x + .
x
f ( x + h) − f ( x )
f 0 ( x ) = lim
h →0 h
2 2
2( x + h ) + x + h − 2x − x
= lim
h →0 h
2 2
2x + 2h + x+ h − 2x − x
= lim
h →0 h
2x −2( x +h)
2h + x ( x +h)
= lim
h →0 h
2h − x( x2h+h)
= lim
h →0 h
2
= lim 2 −
h →0 x ( x + h)
2
= 2− 2
x
Solution should be input 2-2/x^2 or equivalent
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s
I Question 4. f (s) = ..
2s + 1
f (s + h) − f (s)
f 0 (s) = lim
h →0 h
s+h s
2(s+h)+1
− 2s+1
= lim
h →0 h

(s+h)(2s+1)−s(2 s+h +1)

(2 s+h +1)(2s+1)
= lim
h →0 h
2s2 +s+2sh+ 2
h−2s −2hs−s
(2 s+h +1)(2s+1)
= lim
h →0 h
h
(2 s+h +1)(2s+1)
= lim
h →0 h
1
= lim
h →0 (2 s + h + 1)(2s + 1)
1
=
(2s + 1)2
Solution should be input 1/(2s+1)^2 or equivalent
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√
I Question 5. f ( x ) = x + 1.
f ( x + h) − f ( x )
f 0 ( x ) = lim
h →0 h
√ √
x+h+1− x+1
= lim
h →0 h
√ √ √ √
x+h+1− x+1 x+h+1+ x+1
= lim ·√ √
h →0 h x+h+1+ x+1
1 ( x + h + 1) − ( x + 1)
= lim ·√ √
h →0 h x+h+1+ x+1
1 h
= lim ·√ √
h →0 h x+h+1+ x+1
1
= lim √ √
h →0 x+h+1+ x+1
1
= √
2 x+1
Solution should be input 1/(2(x+1)^0.5) or equivalent
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I Question 6. s(t) = 42t − 5t2 . Find the value of t where the tangent to s(t) is horizontal.
s(t + h) − s(t)
s0 (t) = lim
h →0 h
42(t + h) − 5(t + h)2 − 42t + 5t2
= lim
h →0 h
42t + 42h − 5t2 − 10th − 5h2 − 42t + 5t2
= lim
h →0 h
42h − 10th − 5h2
= lim
h →0 h
= lim 42 − 10t − 5h
h →0
= 42 − 10t
Then 42 − 10t = 0 → t = 4.2
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p
I Question 7. f ( x ) = 4 − x2 . Find x such that f 0 ( x ) = −1.
f ( x + h) − f ( x )
f 0 ( x ) = lim
h →0 h
p √
4 − ( x + h )2 − 4 − x 2
= lim
h →0 h
p √ p √
4 − ( x + h )2 − 4 − x 2 4 − ( x + h )2 + 4 − x 2
= lim ·p √
h →0 h 4 − ( x + h )2 + 4 − x 2
1 4 − ( x + h )2 − 4 − x 2

= lim ·p √
h →0 h 4 − ( x + h )2 + 4 − x 2
1 x 2 − ( x + h )2
= lim ·p √
h →0 h 4 − ( x + h )2 + 4 − x 2
1 −h(2x + h)
= lim ·p √
h →0 h 4 − ( x + h )2 + 4 − x 2
−(2x + h)
= lim p √
h →0 4 − ( x + h )2 + 4 − x 2
−(2x ) −x
= √ = √
2 4−x 2 4 − x2
Then:
−x
√ = −1
4 − x2
p
⇒ x = 4 − x2
⇒ x2 = 4 − x2
Contents
⇒ 2x2 = 4
√ Next Page
⇒x= 2
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d 1
I Question 8. √ .
dx x
1 1
f ( x + h) − f ( x ) = √ −√
x+h x
√ √
x− x+h
= √ √
x x+h
√ √ √ √
x− x+h x+ x+h
= √ √ ·√ √
x x+h x+ x+h
x − ( x + h)
= √ √ √ √
x x+h x+ x+h
f ( x + h) − f ( x ) −h
= √ √ √ √
h

h x x+h x+ x+h
d 1 −1
√ = lim √ √ √ √
dt

t h →0 x x+h x+ x+h
−1
= √ √ √ √
x x+h x+ x+h
1
= −√ √ √ √
x x x+ x
1
=− √
2x x
1 3
= − x− 2 Contents
2
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Solution should be input 1/(2x^(3/2)) or equivalent
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1
I Question 8. The tangent line at 4,
2

1
The tangent line at 4, :
2
−1

d 1
√ = √
dx t 2x x
−1

d 1 1
√ = √ =−
dx t x =4 2×4 4 16
Equation of the line:
y − 12 1
=−
x−4 16
x+4 x 1
y=− or − − , if you prefer
16 16 4
f (x)
1
f (x) = √
x Contents
(12 − x ) Next Page

f (x) = −
16 Previous Page
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1−x
I Question 9. f ( x ) = .
1+x
1 − ( x + h) 1−x
f ( x + h) − f ( x ) = −
1 + ( x + h) 1+x

1 − ( x + h ) (1 + x ) − (1 − x ) 1 + ( x + h )
=
1 + ( x + h) 1 + x
1 + x − x − x2 − h − hx − 1 − x − h + x + x2 + xh
=
1 + ( x + h) 1 + x
−2h
=
1 + ( x + h) 1 + x
f ( x + h) − f ( x ) −2h
f 0 ( x ) = lim = lim
h →0 h h →0 h 1 + ( x + h ) 1 + x
−2
= lim
h →0 1 + ( x + h) 1 + x
−2
f 0 (x) =
(1 + x )2
Solution should be input -2/(1+x)^2) or equivalent
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I Question 1. f ( x ) = 4x3 − 3x2 + 2x − 1.
d 3 d 2 d
f 0 (x) = 4x − 3x + 2x − 1
dx dx dx
= 12x2 − 6x + 2
Solution should be input 12x^2-6x+2 or equivalent
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I Question 2. s(t) = (3t)4 − (2t)5
d d
s0 (t) = (3t)4 − (2t)5
dx dx
d d
= 34 t4 − 25 t5
dx dx
= 34 × 4t3 − 25 × 5x4
= 324t3 − 160t4
Solution should be input 324t^3 - 160t^4 or equivalent
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√
I Question 3. f ( x ) = 2x
d √
f 0 (x) = 2x
dx
√ d √
= 2 x
dx
√ d 1/2
= 2 x
dx
√ 1 −1/2
= 2· x
2
√
2
= √
2 x
1
= √
2x
Solution should be input (2x)^(-1/2) or equivalent
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√ √
3 √ √
3
I Question 4. g(t) = π 4t2 − 8t3 4t2 + 8t3
√ √
3
4t2 = 2t and 8t3 = 2t so:
g(t) = π 2t − 2t) 2t + 2t) = 0

g0 (t) = 0
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I Question 5. f ( x ) = 1 − x3 x3 + 1

f ( x ) = 1 − x6
f 0 ( x ) = −6x5
Solution should be input -6x^5 or equivalent
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√ 1 √
I Question 6. f ( x ) = x2 x − √ + x3 x3
x
f ( x ) = x5/2 − x −1/2 + x9/2

5 1 9
f 0 ( x ) = x3/2 − − x −3/2 + x7/2
2 2 2
√ 3
√
5x x 1 9x x
= + √ +
2 2x x 2
Solution should be input 5/2*x^(3/2)+1/(2x^(3/2))+9/2*x^(7/2) or equivalent
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I Question 7. h(t) = 22t − 5t2 , find h0 (1.5)
h0 (t) = 22 − 10t
h0 (1.5) = 7
After 1.5 seconds, the ball is travelling upwards at 7 m/s.
Solution should be input 7. Do not enter units.
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I Question 7. h(t) = 22t − 5t2 , solve h0 (t) = 0
h0 (t) = 22 − 10t
h0 (t) = 0 ⇒ t = 2.2
The ball reaches its highest point after 2.2 seconds.
Solution should be input 2.2. Do not enter units.
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I Question 7. h(t) = 22t − 5t2 . Find maximum value for h.
h(2.2) = 22(2.2) − 5(2.2)2

= 24.2
The ball reaches its highest point after 2.2 seconds.
Solution should be input 24.2. Do not enter units.
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I Question 1. h(t) = (2t + 3)(4t − 5). Find h0 (t)
Let u(t) = (2t + 3) and v(t) = 4t − 5).

Then h(t)) = u(t)v(t) and
dv du
h0 (t) = u +v
dt dt
= (2t + 3)4 + (4t − 5)2
= 8t + 12 + 8t − 10
= 16t + 2
Solution should be input 16t+2 or equivalent.
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I Question 2. y( x ) = 2x3 − 3 3x2 + 2 . Find y0 ( x ).

Let u( x ) = 2x3 − 3 and v( x ) = 3x2 + 2 .

Then y( x ) = u( x )v( x ) and
y0 ( x ) = (uv)0 = uv0 + vu0

= 2x3 − 3 (6x ) + 3x2 + 2 (6x2 )

= 12x4 − 18x + 18x4 + 12x2

= 30x4 + 12x2 − 18x
Solution should be input 30x^4+12x^2-18x or equivalent.
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2
I Question 3. g( x ) = 3x2 + 2x + 1 . Find f 0 ( x )
Let u( x ) = 3x2 + 2x + 1 and v( x ) = 3x2 + 2x + 1 .

Then g( x ) = u( x )v( x ) and
g0 ( x ) = (uv)0 = uv0 + vu0

= 3x2 + 2x + 1 (6x + 2) + 3x2 + 2x + 1 (6x + 2)

= 2 3x2 + 2x + 1 (6x + 2)

= 4 3x2 + 2x + 1 (3x + 1)

Solution should be input 4(3x^2+2x+1)(3x+1) or equivalent.
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d 2
s + s + 1 s2 − s + 1

I Question 4. Evaluate
ds
Let u(s) = s2 + s + 1 and v(s) = s2 − s + 1 .

Then f (s) = u(s)v(s) and
d dv du
f 0 (s) = (uv) = u + v
ds ds ds
= s2 + s + 1 2s − 1 + s2 − s + 1 2s + 1

= 2s3 + 2s2 + 2s − s2 − s − 1 + 2s3 − 2s2 + 2s + s2 − s + 1

= 4s3 + 2s
Solution should be input 4s^3+2s or equivalent.
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√ √

3 2
I Question 5. y = 2 x+ 3 x− Find y0
x x
Let u( x ) = x2 + x + 1 and v( x ) = x2 − x + 1 .

Then g( x ) = u( x )v( x ) and

√ √

3 2
y = 2 x+ 3 x−
x x
√ √ 2 0 √ 3 0 √

3 2
y0 = 2 x+ 3 x− + 2 x+ 3 x−
x x x x
0 0
= 2x1/2 + 3x −1 3x1/2 − 2x −1 + 2x1/2 + 3x −1 3x1/2 − 2x −1
3
= 2x1/2 + 3x −1 x −1/2 + 2x −2 + x −1/2 − 3x −2 3x1/2 − 2x −1
2

3 3
= 2x 1/2
· x −1/2 + 2x1/2 · 2x −2 + 3x −1 · x −1/2 + 3x −1 · 2x −2
2 2

+ x −1/2 · 3x1/2 − x −1/2 · 2x −1 − 3x −2 · 3x1/2 + 3x −2 · 2x −1

9 −3/2
= 3 + 4x −3/2 + x + 6x −3 + 3 − 2x −3/2 − 9x −3/2 + 6x −3
2
5 12
= 6− 3/2
+ 3 Contents
2x x
Next Page
Solution should be input 6-5/(2x^(3/2))+12/x^3 or equivalent.
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x−3
I Question 6. y( x ) = . Find y0 ( x )
x+3
Let u( x ) = x − 3 and v( x ) = x + 3.
u( x )
Then y( x ) = and
v( x )
u( x ) 0 v( x )u0 ( x ) − u( x )v0 ( x )

0
y (x) = =
v( x ) v2 ( x )
( x + 3)( x − 3)0 − ( x − 3)( x + 3)0
=
( x + 3)2
( x + 3) · 1 − ( x − 3) · 1
=
( x + 3)2
( x + 3) − ( x − 3)
=
( x + 3)2
6
=
( x + 3)2
Solution should be input 6/(x+3)^2 or equivalent.
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t2
I Question 7. g(t) = . Find g0 (t).
t+1
Let u(t) = t2 and v(t) = t + 1.

u(t)
Then g(t) = and
v(t)
u 0 vu0 − uv0
=
v v2
(t + 1) · 2t − t2 · 1
=
( t + 1)2
2t + 2t2 − x2
=
( t + 1)2
t2 + 2t
=
( t + 1)2
t ( t + 2)
=
( t + 1)2
Solution should be input t(t+2)/(t+1)^2 or equivalent.
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x2 + 1
I Question 8. y( x ) = . Find y0 ( x )
2x2 + 1
2x2 + 1 (2x ) − x2 + 1 (4x )

0
y (x) = 2
2x2 + 1
4x3 + 2x − 4x3 − 4x
= 2
2x2 + 1
−2x
= 2
2x2 + 1
Solution should be input -2x/(2x^2+1)^2 or equivalent.
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s2 + 1
I Question 9. p(s) = √ . Find p0 (s)
x−1
√ 1
( s − 1)(2s) − s2 + 1 2√ s
p0 (s) = √ 2
s−1

2s3/2 − 2s − 21 s3/2 + s−1/2
= √ 2
s−1

4s3/2 − 4s − s3/2 + s−1/2
= √ 2
2 s−1
3s3/2 − 4s − s−1/2
= √ 2
2 s−1
√
3s s − 4s − √1s
= √ 2
2 s−1
Solution should be input ( 3s^(3/2)-4s-1/s^(1/2))/2/(s^(1/2)-1)^2 or equivalent.
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1
I Question 10. y( x ) = 1
. Find y0 .
1+ x
0
(1 ) 0 − (1 ) 1 + x −1
1+ 1
x
0
y = 2
1 + 1x
0
1 + 1x (0) − 1 + x −1
= 2
1 + 1x
− x −2
= 2
1 + 1x
−1
= 2
1
x2 1 + x
−1
=
( x + 1)2
1 x
Note: 1
= which would have been an easier differentiation problem!
1+ x
x+1
Solution should be input -1/(x+1)^2 or equivalent.

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I Question 1. f ( x ) = (3x + 2)3 . Find f 0 ( x ).
df
Let u = 3x + 2. Then f (u) = u3 and = 3u2
du
du
Also, = 3 so:
dx
df d f du
f 0 (x) = = · = 3u2 · 3 = 9u2 = 9(3x + 2)2
dx du dx
Solution should be input 9(3x+2)^2 or equivalent.
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I Question 2. g(t) = (10 − 3t2 )5 . Find g0 (t)
dg
Let u = 10 − 3t2 . Then g(u) = u5 and = 5u4
du
du
Also, = −6t so:
dt
dg dg du 4
g0 (t) = = · = 5u4 (−6t) = −30tu4 = −30t 10 − 3t2
dt du dt
Solution should be input -30t(10-3t^2)^4 or equivalent.
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1
I Question 3. h( x ) = 2
. Find h0 ( x ).
( x 2 + 2)
dh
Let u = x2 + 2. Then h(u) = u−2 and = −2u−3
du
du
Also, = 2x so:
dx
dh du −3 −4x
h0 ( x ) = · = −2u−3 (2x ) = −4x x2 + 2 = 3
du dx ( x 2 + 2)
Solution should be input -4x/(x^2+2)^3 or equivalent.
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p dy
I Question 4. y = 3x2 − 2x + 1. Find
dx
1 dy 1 1
Let u = 3x2 − 2x + 1. Then y(u) = u 2 ⇒ = u− 2
du 2
du
Also, = 6x − 2 so:
dx
1 −1 − 1 3x − 1
y0 ( x ) =
2
u 2 (6x − 2) = (3x − 1) 3x2 − 2x + 1 = √
2 3x2 − 2x + 1
Solution should be input (3x-1)/(3x^2-2x+1)^0.5 or equivalent.
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1/3 dy
I Question 5. y = 1 + x3 . Find .
dx
By now you should be able to recognise the substitution for u and apply
the chain rule “on the fly”.
1/3
y = 1 + x3
1 −2/3
y0 = 1 + x3 · 3x2
3
x2
= q
3 2
(1 + x 3 )
Solution should be input (3x-1)/(3x^2-2x+1)^0.5 or equivalent.
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r
5
I Question 6. s(t) = . Find s0 (t).
t
√
r
5
s= = 5 · t−1/2
t
√ 1
s0 = 5 − t−3/2
2
r
1 5
=−
2 t3
r
1 5
=−
2t t
Solution should be input -1/2*(5/t^3)^(1/2) or equivalent.
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4
I Question 7. y = x3 2x2 − 3 . Find y0 .
4
y = x3 2x2 − 3
4 4 d h i
d 2
y0 = x3 · 2x − 3 + 2x2 − 3 · x3
dx dx
3 4 h i
= x3 4 2x2 − 3 · 4x + 2x2 − 3 3x2
3 4
= 16x4 2x2 − 3 + 3x2 2x2 − 3
3 h i
= x2 2x2 − 3 16x2 + 3 2x2 − 3
3
= x2 2x2 − 3 22x2 − 9
Solution should be input x^2(2x^2-3)^3(22x^2-9) or equivalent.
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I Question 8. y = (2x + 1)3 (3x + 1)2 . Find y0 .
y = (2x + 1)3 (3x + 1)2

d h i d h i
y0 = (2x + 1)3 · (3x + 1)2 + (3x + 1)2 · (2x + 1)3
dx h dx i
= (2x + 1)3 · [2(3x + 1) · 3] + (3x + 1)2 · 3(2x + 1)2 · 2
= (2x + 1)3 [6(3x + 1)] + (3x + 1)2 [6(2x + 1)]
h i
= 6(2x + 1)(3x + 1) (2x + 1)2 + (3x + 1)
h i
= 6(2x + 1)(3x + 1) 2x2 + 4x + 1 + 3x + 1)
h i
= 6(2x + 1)(3x + 1) 2x2 + 7x + 2)
Solution should be input 6(2x+1)(3x+1)(2x^2+7x+2) or equivalent.
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3/2 ds
I Question 9. s(t) = 1 + t2/3 . Find .
dt
(This problem requires a repeated application of the chain rule.)

3/2
s = 1 + t2/3
ds 3 1/2 d
= 1 + t2/3 · 1 + t2/3
dt 2 dt
3 1/2 2 1/3
= 1 + t2/3 · t
2 3
p
= t1/3 1 + t2/3
Solution should be input t^(1/3)*(1+t^(2/3))^(1/2) or equivalent.
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h i5
I Question 10. g(y) = 1 + (2y + 3)4 . Find g0 (y).
(This problem requires a repeated application of the chain rule.)

h i5
g(y) = 1 + (2y + 3)4
h i4 d h i
g0 (y) = 5 1 + (2y + 3)4 · 1 + (2y + 3)4
dy
h i4 h i
= 5 1 + (2y + 3)4 · 4(2y + 3)3 · 2
h i4
= 40 1 + (2y + 3)4 (2y + 3)3
Solution should be input 40(1+(2y+3)^4)^4(2y+3)^3 or equivalent.
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I Question 1.
x + xy + y = 0. Find y0
d d d d
x + xy + y = 0
dx dx dx dx
0 0
1 + ( xy + y) + y = 0
y0 ( x + 1) = −(y + 1)
y+1
y0 = −
x+1
Solution should be input -(y+1)/(x+1) or equivalent.
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I Question 1.
y+1
y0 = − . Find y0 (−2, −2), y0 (0, 0) and y0 (2, −2/3)
x+1
−2 + 1
y0 (−2, −2) = − = −1
−2 + 1
0+1
y0 (0, 0) = − = −1
0+1
−2/3 + 1 −1/3
y0 (2, −2/3) = − =− = −1/9
2+1 3
Solution should be input -1, -1, -1/9 or decimal equivalent.
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I Question 1.
x + xy + y = 0. Find y in terms of x:
x + xy + y = 0
x + y ( x + 1) = 0
y ( x + 1) = − x
−x
y = g( x ) =
x+1
Solution should be input -x/(x+1) or equivalent.
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I Question 1.
x dg
g( x ) = − . Find
x+1 dx
x
g( x ) = −
x+1
dg vu0 − uv0
=−
dx v2
( x + 1)(1) − x (1)
=−
(1 + x )2
1
=−
(1 + x )2
Solution should be input -1/(x+1)^2 or equivalent.
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I Question 1.
1
g0 ( x ) = − . Find g0 (−2), g0 (0) and g0 (2)
( x + 1)2
1
g0 (−2) = − = −1
(−2 + 1)2
1
g 0 (0) = − = −1
(0 + 1)2
1 1
g 0 (2) = − =− =
(2 + 1)2 9
Solution should be input -1, -1, -1/9 or decimal equivalent.
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I Question 2.
dy
f ( x, y) = x2 y2 − x3 + y3 = 0. Determine
dx
Differentiate with respect to x:
dy dy
2x + 2y= 3x2 + 3y2
dx dx
dy
2y − 3y2 = 3x2 − 2x

dx

dy x 3x − 2
=
dx y y − 3y
Solution should be input (3x^2-2x)/(2y-3y^2) or equivalent.
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I Question 3.
dy
x2 y2 = x3 + y3 . Determine
dx
x2 · 2yy0 + y2 · 2x − 3x2 + 3y2 y0 = 0

y0 2x2 y + 3y2 = 3x2 − 2xy2
x 3x − 2y2

0
y =
y (3y + 2x2 )
Solution should be input (3x^2-2xy^2)/(2x^2y+3y^2) or equivalent.
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I Question 4.

dy dy
a) ( x − 2)2 + (y − 1)2 − 25 = 0 Find and
dx dx ( x,y)=(5,5)
( x − 2)2 + (y − 1)2 = 25
x2 − 4x + 4 + y2 − 2y + 1 = 25
x2 − 4x + y2 − 2y = 20
dy dy
2x − 4 + 2y −2 =0
dx dx
dy
(2y − 2) = 4 − 2x
dx
dy 4 − 2x
=
dx 2y − 2
2−x
=
y−1
Solution should be input (x-2)/(1-y) or equivalent.
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dy
I Question 5. ( x + y)2 + ( x − y)2 = x3 + y3 . Find
dx
Expand, then differentiate with respect to x:
x2 + 2xy + y2 + x2 − 2xy+2 = x3 + y3
2x2 + 2y2 = x3 + y3
dy dy
4x + 4y = 3x2 + 3y2
dx dx
dy
4y − 3y2 = 3x2 − 4x

dx
dy x (3x − 4)
=
dx y(4 − 3y)
Alternatively, without expanding the quadratics:

dy dy dy
2( x + y ) 1 + + 2( x + y ) 1 − = 3x2 + 3y2
dx dx dx

dy dy dy dy dy
2 x+x +y+y + x−x −y+y = 3x2 + 3y2
dx dx dx dx dx
dy dy
4x + 4y = 3x2 + 3y2
dx dx
dy
4y − 3y2 = 3x2 − 4x

dx
dy x (3x − 4)
=
dx y(4 − 3y)
Contents
Solution should be input x(3x-4)/y/(4-3y) or equivalent.
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I Question 6.
x2 y − xy2 + x2 + y2 = 0. Find y0
d 2 d d 2 d 2 d
xy2 +

x y − x + y = (0)
dx dx dx dx dx
2xy + x2 y0 − x 2yy0 + y2 (1) + 2x + 2yy0 = 0

y0 x2 − 2xy + 2y + 2xy − y2 + 2x = 0

y2 − 2x − 2xy
y0 =
x2 + 2y − 2xy
Solution should be input (y^2-2x-2xy)/(x^2+2y-2xy) or equivalent.
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I Question 1. Evaluate lim 2x2 − x + 3
x →2
The function 2x2 − x + 3 is a polynomial and continuous everywhere.
The limit is found by evaluating the function at x = 2:
lim 2x2 − x + 3 = 2(2)2 − (2) + 3

x →2
=9
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√
I Question 2. Evaluate lim t+7
t→42
√
The function t + 7 is continuous in the region surrounding t = 42.
The limit is found by evaluating the function at t = 42:

√ √
lim t + 7 = 42 + 7
t→42
√
= 49
=7
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2−x
x →−1 x2 + 1
2−x
The function f ( x ) = is continuous for every real value x since
x2 + 1
the denominator can never equal 0.
The limit is found by evaluating the function at x = −1:
2−x 2 − (−1)
lim =
x →−1 x2 + 1 (−1)2 + 1
3
=
2
= 1.5
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p
√ h2 − 3
h→ 3
This limit does not exist because the left limit does not exist.
p √
The function f (h) = h2 − 3 is not defined for h < 3 since the value under the radical
sign would then be negative and there is no real number with a negative square root.
(The right limit does exist and is equal to 0.)
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6 + 9x
x →−2/3 |3x + 2|
This limit does not exist! Both one-sided limits do exist but they are not equal.
6 + 9x 6 + 9x 3(3x + 2)
If x > 2/3, then |3x + 2| = 3x + 2 and = = =3
|3x + 2| 3x + 2 3x + 2
6 + 9x 6 + 9x 3(3x + 2)
If x < 2/3, then |3x + 2| = −3x − 2 and = = = −3
|3x + 2| −3x − 2 −(3x + 2)
6 + 9x
(If x = 2/3, then is not defined.)
|3x + 2|
6 + 9x
f (x) =
3x + 2
(−2/3, 3)
(−2/3, −3)
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x →−2/3 − |3x + 2| Last Visited
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lim =3 Page 99 of 203
x →−2/3+ |3x + 2|
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1 + 3s + s2
s→−1 s
This function is not continuous at s = 0 since the denominator of the

function is then 0, but the function is continuous for every s 6= 0.
Thus, the limit as s → −1 can be found by evaluation of the function
at s = −1:
1 + 3s + s2 1 + 3(−1) + (−1)2
lim =
s→−1 s −1
= lim ( x + 1)
s→−1
−1
=
−1
=1
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t2 − 4t − 5
t →5 t−5
Both the numerator and the denominator of the limit approach 0 as

t → 5 so some algebra is necessary:
• Polynomial functions are continous everywhere.
• Since both g(t) = t2 − 4t − 5 and h(t) = t − 5 are polynomial
functions that approach 0 as t → 5, it follows that g(5) = 0
and h(5) = 0.
• Thus, t − 5 is a factor of both g(t) and h(t).
• Factor g(t) and h(t), then cancel the (t − 5) factor.
g(t)
• This leaves a function f ( x ) = = x + 1 that is continuous
h(t)
at t = 5.
t2 − 4t − 5 (t − 5)(t + 1)
lim = lim
t →5 t−5 t→−5 ( t − 5)
= lim ( x + 1)
x →5
=6
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I Question 8. Find the derivative of s(t) = 3t − 5t2 using the definition of the derivative:
s(t + h) − s(t)
s0 (t) = lim
h →0 h
3(t + h) − 5(t + h)2 − 3t − 5t2

= lim
h →0 h
3t + 3h −
5t
2 − 10th − 5h2 − 3t + 5t
2

= lim
h →0 h
= lim 3 − 10t − 5h
h →0
= 3 − 10t
Solution should be input 3-10t or equivalent
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√
I Question 9. Find the derivative of f ( x ) = x − 2 using the definition of the derivative:
f ( x + h) − f ( x )
f 0 ( x ) = lim
h →0 h
p √
( x + h) − 2 − x − 2
= lim
h →0 h
p √ p √
( x + h) − 2 − x − 2 ( x + h) − 2 + x − 2
= lim ·p √
h →0 h ( x + h) − 2 + x − 2
1 ( x + h − 2) − ( x − 2)
= lim ·√ √
h →0 h x+h−2+ x−2
1 h
= lim ·√ √
h →0 h x+h−2+ x−2
1
= lim √ √
h →0 x+h−2+ x−2
1
= √
2 x−2
Solution should be input 2/(x-2)^0.5 or equivalent
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I Question 1. Evaluate lim 2( x − 1)2 − 2( x + 1)
x →2
The function contains only terms in x2 , x and constants; it is a polynomial.

Polynomials are continuous for all real numbers x so the limit is found by
evaluating the function at x = 2
lim 2( x − 1)2 − 2( x + 1) = 2(2 − 1)2 − 2(2 + 1) = −4

x →2
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√
x2 + 4
x →1 x+2
√
x2 + 4
The function f ( x ) = lim is continuous for every real value
x →1 x+2
x 6= −2. In particular, it is continuous at x = 1.
The limit is found by direct evaluation of the function at x = 1:

√ p
x2 + 4 (1)2 + 4
lim =
x →1 x+2 (1) + 2
√
5
=
3
Solution should be input 5^0.5/3 or equivalent
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4 − s2
s →2 2−s
Both the numerator and the denominator of the limit approach 0 as

t → −5 so some algebra is necessary:
• Polynomial functions are continous everywhere.
• Since both g(t) = t2 − 4t − 5 and h(t) = t − 5 are polynomial
functions that approach 0 as t → 5, it follows that g(5) = 0
and h(5) = 0.
• Thus, t − 5 is a factor of both g(t) and h(t).
• Factor g(t) and h(t), then cancel the (t − 5) factor.
g(t)
• This leaves a function f ( x ) = = x + 1 that is continuous
h(t)
at t = 5.
4 − s2 (2 − s)(2 + s)
lim = lim
s →2 2−s s →1 2−s
= lim (2 + s)
s →1
=4
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x2 + 5x − 14
x →2 x2 + x − 6
Note: A function of the type r ( x ) = p( x )/qx, where both p( x ) and q( x ) are polynomial
functions is called a rational function.
As in the previous question, both the numerator and the denominator of the rational
x2 + 5x − 14
function r ( x ) = 2 are 0 at x = 2, so x − 2 is a factor of both the numerator
x +x−6
and the denominator.
x2 + 5x − 14 ( x − 2)( x + 7)
lim = lim
x →2 x2 + x − 6 x →2 ( x − 2)( x + 3)
( x + 7)
= lim
x →2 ( x + 3)
9
=
5
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2
x − 1
x →1 x−1
This limit does not exist! Both one-sided limits do exist but they are not equal.
2
x − 1
f (x) f (x) =
x−1
(1, 2)
(1, −2)
2
x − 1 x2 − 1 ( x − 1)( x + 1)
lim = lim+ = lim+ = lim+ ( x + 1) = 2
x → 1+ x−1 x →1 x−1 x →1 ( x − 1) x →1
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2
x − 1 1 − x2 x2 − 1
lim = lim− = lim+ − = lim+ −( x + 1) = −2
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I Question 6.
This limit does not exist because the left-limit does not exist;
p
( t − 2)3
is undefined for x < 2.
t−2
p p
( t − 2)3 ( t − 2) ( t − 2)
lim = lim
t →2 t−2 t →2 t−2
q
= lim ( t − 2)
t →2
q
lim ( t − 2) = 0
t → 2+
q
lim (t − 2) does not exist - square root of a negative number!
t → 2−
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1
I Question 7. Find the derivative of y( x ) = using the definition of the derivative:
1+x
y( x + h) − y( x )
y0 (t) = lim
h →0 h

1 1 1
= lim − ·
h →0 x + h + 1 x + 1 h
x + 1 − ( x + h + 1) 1
= lim ·
h →0 ( x + h + 1)( x + 1) h
= lim x + 1 − x − h − 1 · 1
h →0 ( x + h + 1)( x + 1) h
−1
= lim
h →0 ( x + h + 1)( x + 1)
1
=−
( x + 1)2
Solution should be input -1/(x+1)^2 or equivalent
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d
I Question 8. (2x + 3)2 .
dx
2
d 2( x + h) + 3 − (2x + 3)2
(2x + 3)2 = lim
dx h →0 h
(2x + 2h + 3 + 2x + 3)(2x + 2h + 3 − 2x − 3)
= lim (see * below)
h →0 h
(4x + 2h + 6)(2h)
= lim
h →0 h
= lim (8x + 4h + 12)
h →0
= 8x + 12
Solution should be input 8x+12 or equivalent
* Confused by that step? Recall the difference of squares: a2 − b2 = ( a + b)( a − b).

Let a = 2( x + h) + 3 and b = (2x + 3). Then

2
a2 − b2 = 2( x + h) + 3 − (2x + 3)2 =

2( x + h) + 3 + (2x + 3) 2( x + h) + 3 − (2x + 3)
= (2x + 2h + 3 + 2x + 3)(2x + 2h + 3 − 2x − 3)
= (4x + 2h + 6)(2h)
Contents
Of course, if you prefer, you can expand the terms:
Next Page
2
2( x + h) + 3 − (2x + 3)2 = (2x + 2h + 3)2 − (2x + 3)2 Previous Page
= 4x2 + 4xh + 6x + 4hx + 4h2 + 6h + 6x + 6h + 9 − 4x2 − 12x − 9
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= 8hx + 12h + 4h2
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= (4x + 2h + 6)(2h)
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I Question 8. Find the equation of the tangent line with slope 4
Find the coordinates of the point on the curve with tangent slope of 4:
2
8x + 12 = 4 ⇒ x1 = −1 ⇒ y1 = 2(−1) + 3 =1
Then the equation of the line is:

y − y1
=4
x − x1
y−1
⇒ =4
x − (−1)
⇒ y = 4x + 5
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I Question 1. lim (3x + 2)3 − x2
x →−1
This is a polynomial function and continuous everywhere.

The limit may be found by evaluating the function at x = −1
lim (3x + 2)3 − x2 = (3(−1) + 2)3 − (−1)2

x →−1
= −2
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p
I Question 2. Evaluate lim h2 − 4
h →2
p
The limit does not exist. lim h2 − 4 = 0 but the left limit
+
p h →2
does not exist since h2 − 4 is not defined for the region to the
left of 2 (there is no real solution to the square root of a
negative number.)
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√
1 + 9s2
s→1/3 1 + 3s
No discontinuities in the region of s = 1/3 so

r 2
√ 1 + 9 13
1 + 9s 2
lim =
s→1/3 1 + 3s 1 + 3 31
√
2
=
2
1
= √
2
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3p2 − 2p
I Question 4. lim
p →0 p
3p2 − 2p
lim = lim 3p − 2 = −2
p →0 p p →0
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8 + y3
I Question 5. lim
y→−2 y+2
8 + y3 (y
+2)(y2 − 2y + 4)
lim = lim
y→−2 y+2 y→−2
y+
2
= lim y2 − 2y + 4
x →−2
2
= (−2) − 2(−2) + 4
= 12
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n2 − 3n + 2
I Question 6. lim
n →2 n2 + n − 6
n2 − 3n + 2 −
( n 2)(n − 1)
lim 2
= lim
n →2 n +n−6 (n − 2)(n + 3)
n →2
2−1
=
2+3
= 15
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I Question 7. f ( x ) = 3x2 + 2x. Determine f 0 ( x ).
f ( x + h) − f ( x )
f 0 ( x ) = lim
h →0 h
3( x + h)2 + 2( x + h) − 3x2 + 2x

= lim
h →0 h
3x
2 + 6xh + 3h2 + 2
x + 2h −
3x
2−2
x
= lim

h →0 h
h + 3h2 + 2
6x h
= lim
h →0 h

= 6x + 2
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√
I Question 8. s(t) = t + 7. s0 (t). Determine s0 (t).
s(t + h) − s(t)
s0 (t) = lim
h →0 h
√ √
t+h+7− t+7
= lim
h →0 h
√ √ √ √
t+h+7− t+7 t+h+7+ t+7
= lim ·√ √
h →0 h t+h+7+ t+7
t+h+7−t−7
= lim √ √
h →0 h t+h+7+ t+7
1
= lim √ √
h →0 t+h+7+ t+7
1
= √
2 t+7
Solution should be input 1/2/(t+7)^(1/2) or 0.5/sqrt(t+7) or equivalent
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I Question 1. lim (2x + 3)2 − x3
x →−1
This is a polynomial function and continuous everywhere.

The limit may be found by evaluating the function at x = −1
lim (2x + 3)2 − x3 = (2(−1) + 3)2 − (−1)3

x →−1
=2
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p
I Question 2. Evaluate lim t2 + 9
t →3
The function is continuous everywhere in the region surrounding

t = 3.
The limit may be found by evaluating the function at t = 3
p q √ √
lim t2 + 9 = (3)2 + 9 = 18 = 3 2
t →3
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√
4 − s2
s →2 2−s
The limit
√ does not exist.
4 − s2
lim is not defined for the region to the left of 2 (there
s → 2+ 2−s
is no real solution to the square root of a negative number.)
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q + 5q2
I Question 4. lim
q →0 5q
q + 5q2 1 + 5q 1
lim = lim =
q →0 5q q →0 5 5
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I Question 5.
w3 − 1 1) x 2 + w + 1

(w
−

lim = lim
w →1 w−1 w →1 w−
1

2
= lim x + w + 1
w →1
=3
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I Question 6.
The limit does not exist.

The numerator approaches −6 as m → 1. The denominator approaches 0 as m → 1 but m2 − 3m + 2
approaches 0 through positive values as m → 1− and through negative values as m → 1+ . Thus
m2 − 3m − 4 → −6
lim = = −∞
m → 1− m2 − 3m + 2 → 0+
m2 − 3m − 4 → −6
lim = =∞
m → 1+ m2 − 3m + 2 → 0−
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I Question 7. s(t) = 2t2 + 3t. Determine s0 (t).
s(t + h) − s(t)
s0 (t) = lim
h →0 h
2(t + h)2 + 3(t + h) − 2t2 − 3t
= lim
h →0 h
2t
2 + 4th + 2h2 + 3t + 3h − 2t
2 −
3t

= lim
h →0 h
= lim 4t + 2h + 3
h →0
= 4t + 3
Solution should be input 4t+3 or equivalent
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√
I Question 8. f ( x ) = f ( x ) = x − 5. Determine f 0 ( x ).
f ( x + h) − f ( x )
f 0 ( x ) = lim
h →0 h
√ √
x+h−5− x−5
= lim
h →0 h
√ √ √ √
x+h−5− x−5 x+h−5+ x−5
= lim ·√ √
h →0 h x+h−5+ x−5
x+h−5−x+5
= lim √ √
h →0 h x+h−5+ x−5
1
= lim √ √
h →0 x+h−5+ x−5
1
= √
2 x−5
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I Question 1. Evaluate lim x2 + 3x − 4
x →2
The function f ( x ) = x2 + 3x − 4 is a polynomial and continuous everywhere.
The limit is found by evaluating the function at x = 2:
lim x2 + 3x − 4 = (2)2 + 3(2) − 4

x →2
=6
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p
I Question 2. Evaluate lim h2 + 9
h→−4
p
The function f ( x ) = lim h2 + 9 is continuous everywhere.
h→−4
(For all real h, h2 + 9 is positive so the square root exists.)
The limit is found by evaluating the function at x = −4:

p q
lim h2 + 9 = (−4)2 + 9
h→−4
√
= 16 + 9
=5
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p
I Question 3. Evaluate lim x2 − 4
x →2
As x approaches 2 from the left (x → 2 + −), x2 < 4 and the sign of x2 − 4 is negative.
p
Thus, x2 − 4 is not defined for values of x that are close to, but less than, 2.
p
Then, lim x2 − 4 does not exist.
x → 2−
p
It follows that lim x2 − 4 does not exist either
x →2
(The right limit does exist and is equal to 0.)
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p2 − 9
p →3 p−3
At p = 3, both the numerator and the denominator of the fraction are equal to 0.
0
This is a limit of the type so we need to perform some algebra.
0
Factoring expressions of this type is generally quite easy:
Since p2 − 9 = 0 for p = 3, it follows that p − 3 is a factor of p2 − 9.
Then
p2 − 9 ( p − 3)( p + 3)
lim = lim
p →3 p−3 p →3 p−3
= lim p + 3
p →3
=6
Note that although p → 3, p is never actually equal to 3 so p − 3 remains non-zero

and we can divide numerator and denominator by p − 3.
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y2 + y − 12
y→−4 2y2 + 7y − 4
At y = −4, both the numerator and the denominator of the fraction are equal to 0.
0
This is a limit of the type so we should factor the numerator and the denominator
0
and cancel any (non-zero) common terms.
Since y2 + y − 12 = 0 when y = −4, it follows that y − (−4) = y + 4 is a factor of

y2 + y − 12.
Similarly, y + 4 is a factor of 2y2 + 7y − 4.
Then
y2 + y − 12 (y
+ 4)(y − 3)
lim = lim
y→−4 2y2 + 7y − 4 y→−4 ( y + 4 )(2y − 1)

( y − 3)
= lim (continuous at y = −4)
y→−4 (2y − 1)
−7
=
−9
7
=
9
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y2 + y − 12
y→−4 2y2 + 7y − 4
At y = −4, both the numerator and the denominator of the fraction are equal to 0.
0
This is a limit of the type so we should factor the numerator and the denominator
0
and cancel any (non-zero) common terms.
Since y2 + y − 12 = 0 when y = −4, it follows that y − (−4) = y + 4 is a factor of

y2 + y − 12.
Similarly, y + 4 is a factor of 2y2 + 7y − 4.
Then
y2 + y − 12 (y
+ 4)(y − 3)
lim = lim
y→−4 2y2 + 7y − 4 y→−4 ( y + 4 )(2y − 1)

( y − 3)
= lim (continuous at y = −4)
y→−4 (2y − 1)
−7
=
−9
7
=
9
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I Question 7. Find the derivative of s(t) = 3t − 5t2 using the definition of the derivative:
s(t + h) − s(t)
s0 (t) = lim
h →0 h
3(t + h) − 5(t + h)2 − 3t − 5t2

= lim
h →0 h
3t + 3h −
5t
2 − 10th − 5h2 − 3t + 5t
2

= lim
h →0 h
= lim 3 − 10t − 5h
h →0
= 3 − 10t
Solution should be input 3-10t or equivalent
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√
I Question 8. Find the derivative of f ( x ) = x − 2 using the definition of the derivative:
f ( x + h) − f ( x )
f 0 ( x ) = lim
h →0 h
p √
( x + h) − 2 − x − 2
= lim
h →0 h
p √ p √
( x + h) − 2 − x − 2 ( x + h) − 2 + x − 2
= lim ·p √
h →0 h ( x + h) − 2 + x − 2
1 ( x + h − 2) − ( x − 2)
= lim ·√ √
h →0 h x+h−2+ x−2
1 h
= lim ·√ √
h →0 h x+h−2+ x−2
1
= lim √ √
h →0 x+h−2+ x−2
1
= √
2 x−2
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I Question 1. Find the line tangent to y = 3x2 + 4x + 2 at (−1, 1).
dy
= 6x + 4
dx
dy
= 6(−1) + 4 = −2
dx x=−1
The line with slope −2 through (−1, 1) is given by:

y − y1
=m
x − x1
y−1
⇒ = −2
x+1
⇒ y − 1 = −2( x + 1)
⇒ y = −2x − 1
Solution should be input -2x-1 or equivalent.
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I Question 2. Find the line normal to xy + y2 + 2 = 0 at (3, −1)
xy + y2 + 2 = 0
⇒ xy0 + y + 2yy0 = 0
y
⇒ y0 = −
2y + x
−1
⇒ y0 (3,−1) = −

= 1
2−3
The slope of the line normal to the curve at (3, −1) is −1, so its equation is:
y−1
= −1
x+3
⇒ y = −( x + 3) + 1
⇒ y = −x − 2
Solution should be input -x-2 or equivalent.
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√
I Question 3. Find the line normal to s(t) = 8t + 1 with a slope of −3/4
First, find the location on the curve with slope 4/3:
s(t) = (8t + 1)1/2

1 4
s0 (t) = (8t + 1)−1/2 · 8 =
2 3
4 4
√ =−
8t + 1 3
√
8t + 1 = 3
8t + 1 = 9
t=1
q has a slope of 4/3 when t = 1.

The curve
s(1) = 8(1) + 1 = 3 so the normal to the curve has a slope of −3/4 at the point
(1, 3) Find the equation of the line:
s−3 3
=
t−1 4
3
s = ( t − 1) + 3
4
Solution should be input 27x/4+2 or equivalent.
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1
I Question 4. Find the line tangent to y = with a slope of 27/4
( x + 1)2
y = ( x + 1 ) −2
dy −2
= −2 ( x + 1 ) −3 =
dx ( x + 1)3
Now, find the point on the curve where the slope is 27/4:
−2 27
=
( x + 1)3 4
8
⇒ ( x + 1)3 = −
27
r
3 8 2
⇒ x+1 = − = −
27 3
5
⇒x=−
3
5 1 9
y − = 2 =
3 5 4
−3 + 1
The curve has a slope of 27/4 at the point (5/3, 9/4).

Find the equation of the line:
9
y− 4 27
5
=
x+ 3
4

27 5 9
⇒y= x+ +
4 3 4
27 27 5 9 Contents
⇒y= x+ × +
4 4 3 4
27 27 Next Page
⇒y= x+
4 2 Previous Page
27
⇒y= ( x + 2) Last Visited
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dx dy
I Question 1. 5y − x2 = 5, and x = 2. Find .
dt dt x=2
Differentiate both x and y with respect to t
5y − x2 = 5
dy dx
5 − 2x =0
dt dt
dy 2 dx
= ·x·
dt 5 dt
2
= (2)(3)
5
12
=
5
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I Question 2.
Let x be the distance from the bottom of the ladder to the bottom of the wall and let
y be the distance from the top of the ladder to the bottom of the wall. Both x and y
are functions of time, t. Then, using the Pythagorean Theorem, x and y are related
by the formula
x2 + y2 = 102
dx
When x = 6, y = 8 since 62 + 82 = 102 . Also, = 1 is given.
dt
Differentiating with respect to t gives:
dx dy
2x + 2y =0
dt dt
dy x dx
=− ·
dt y dt
6
= − (1)
8
3
=−
4
The distance y from the top of the ladder to the bottom of the wall is decreasing at a
3
rate of m/s.
4
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I Question 3.
4
V and r are both functions of time, t, related by V = πr3 . Differentiating with
3
respect to t gives:
dV 4π 2 dr
= 3r
dt 3 dt
dr dV 1
=
dt dt 4πr2
1
= 0.09 ·
4π (0.6)2
= 0.019894 m/s
The radius is increasing at a rate of 19.894 mm/s so the diameter is increasing at

twice that rate: 39.789 mm/s.
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1
I Question 1. Use the product rule to differentiate y = (3 − x ) 3 +
x

1
(uv)0 = uv0 + vu0 . Let u = 3 − x and v = 3+
x
1

y 0 = (3 − x ) − x −2 + 3 + (−1)
x
3 1 1
=− + − 3−
2x
x x

1
= −3 1 + 2
x
Solution should be input -3(1+1/x^2) or equivalent.
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2t2 + 1
I Question 2. Use the quotient rule to differentiate s(t) = .
t2 + 1
u 0 vu0 − vu0
= . Let u = 2t2 + 1 and v = t2 + 1
v v2
0 0
t2 + 1 2t2 + 1 − 2t2 + 1 t2 + 1

s0 = 2
( t2 + 1)
t2 + 1 (4t) − 2t2 + 1 (2t)

= 2
( t2 + 1)
4t
3 + 4t − 4t
3 − 2t
=

2
( t2 + 1)
2t
= 2
( t2 + 1)
Solution should be input 2t/(t^2+1)^2 or equivalent.
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p
I Question 3. Differentiate g( x ) = 3 − x2 .
1 −1/2
g0 ( x ) = 3 − x2 · (−2x )
2
−x
= √
3 − x2
Solution should be input -x/(3-x^2)^(1/2) or even -x/sqrt(3-x^2) or equivalent.
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I Question 4. Differentiate x3 + 3y − y2 = 17 with respect to x
3x2 + 3y0 − 2yy0 = 0

y0 (3 − 2y) = −3x2
dy 3x2
=
dx 2y − 3
Solution should be input 3x^2/(2y-3) or equivalent.
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I Question 4. Evaluate the slope of the curve at (3, 5)
3(3)2

dy 27
= =
dx (3,5)
2(5) − 1 7
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I Question 5. Determine the line normal to the curve
y = x2 − 3x − 2 at the point (4, 2)
y0 = 2x − 3
y0

x =4 = 8−3 = 5
y−2 1
=−
x−4 5
4−x
y−2 =
5
14 − x
y=
5
Solution should be input (14-x)/5 or equivalent.
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I Question 6. Find the maximum of p( x ) = 23x − 0.1x2
p0 ( x ) = 23 − 0.2x = 0
x = 115
p(115) = 23(115) − 0.1(115)2
= 1322.5
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I Question 7. (The volume of a sphere is V = 43 πr3 , 1 m = 1000 mm.)
This is a related rates problem; both V and r are functions of time, t.
V = 34 πr3
dV 4 dr
= π · 3r2
dt 3 dt
2 dr
= 4πr
dt
= 4π (1.8)2 (0.028)
= 1.14
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1

I Question 1. Use the product rule to differentiate y = 3 − x2 3+ 2
x

1
(uv)0 = uv0 + vu0 . Let u = 3 − x2 and v = 3+
x2
1

y0 = (3 − x2 ) −2x −3 + 3 + 2 (−2x )
x
6 2 2
= − 3 + − 6x −
x x
x
1
= −6 x + 3
x
Solution should be input -6*(x+1/x^3) or equivalent.
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2t2 + 1
I Question 2. Use the quotient rule to differentiate s(t) = .
t2 + 1
u 0 vu0 − vu0
= . Let u = 3 − t2 and v = 3 + t2
v v2
0 0
3 + t2 3 − t2 − 3 − t2 3 + t2

s0 = 2
(3 + t2 )
2 (−2t) − 3 − t2 (2t)

3+t
= 2
(3 + t2 )
3 − 6t +2t
−6t
−2t 3

= 2
(3 + t2 )
−12t
= 2
(3 + t2 )
Solution should be input -12t/(3+t^2)^2 or equivalent.
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p
I Question 3. Differentiate g( x ) = 1 + 3x2 .
1 −1/2
g0 ( x ) = 1 + 3x2 · (6x )
2
3x
= √
1 + 3x2
Solution should be input 3x/sqrt(1+3x^2) or even -x/sqrt(3-x^2) or equivalent.
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I Question 4. Differentiate x2 − y − y2 + 2 = 0 with respect to x
dy dy
2x + − 2y =0
dx dx
dy
(1 − 2y) = −2x
dx
dy 2x
=
dx 2y − 1
Solution should be input 2x/(2y-1) or equivalent.
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I Question 4. Evaluate the slope of the curve at (2, 3)

dy 2(2) 4
= =
dx (2,3) 2(3) − 1 5
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1 + 3s + s2
s→−1 s
y0 = 6x − 4
0

y x =2
= 12 − 4 = 8
y−1 1
=−
x−2 8
2−x
y−1 =
8
10 − x
y=
8
Solution should be input (10-x)/8 or equivalent.
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I Question 6. Find the maximum of p( x ) = 23x − 0.1x2
p0 ( x ) = 23 − 0.2x = 0
x = 115
p(115) = 23(115) − 0.1(115)2
= 1322.5
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I Question 7. (The volume of a sphere is V = 43 πr3 , 1 m = 1000 mm.)
This is a related rates problem; both V and r are functions of time, t.
V = 34 πr3
dV 4 dr
= π · 3r2
dt 3 dt
2 dr
= 4πr
dt
= 4π (3.7)2 (0.046)
= 7.914
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I Question 1.
Z
4t3 − 3t2 + 2t − 1 dt = t4 − t3 + t2 − t + C
Solution should be input t^4-t^3+t^2-t or equivalent
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I Question 2.
x3
Z Z Z
2
3 f ( x ) dx = 3 f ( x ) dx == 3 x − 2x dx = 3 − x2 + C = x3 − 3x2 + C
3
Alternatively,
Z Z Z
3 f ( x ) dx = 3 x2 − 2x dx = 3x2 − 6x dx = x3 − 3x2 + C
Solution should be input x^3-3x^2 or equivalent
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I Question 3.
1 1
Z Z
− 2 dx = x −3 − x −2 dx
x3 x
x −2 x −1
= − +C
−2 −1
1 1
= − 2 + +C
2x x
Solution should be input -1/(2x^2)+1/x or equivalent
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I Question 4.
Z √ √ Z
3
x3 + x2 dx = x3/2 + x2/3 dx
x5/2 x5/3
= − +C
5/2 5/3
2x5/2 + 3x5/3
=− +C
5
Solution should be input (2x^(5/2)+3x^(5/3))/5 or equivalent
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I Question 5.
√

1
Z Z
x x+ √ dx = x3/2 + x1/2 dx
x
x5/2 x3/2
= + +C
5/2 3/2
2x5/2 2x3/2
= + +C
5 3
√ x 1
= 2x x + +C
5 3
Solution should be input 2x^(5/2)/5+2x^(3/2)/3 or equivalent
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I Question 6.
Z Z
(t + 1)2 dt = t2 + 2t + 1 dt
t3
= + t2 + t + C
3
Solution should be input t^3/3+t^2+t or equivalent
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I Question 7.
Let u = s + 1
Then du = ds
ds du
Z Z
=
( s + 1)2 u2
Z
= u−2 du
u −1
= +C
−1
1
= − +C
u
1
=− +C
s+1
Solution should be input -1/(s+1) or equivalent
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I Question 8.
Z q Z q
3 3
p2 − 2p + 1 dp = ( p − 1)2 dp
Z
= ( p − 1)2/3 dp
Let u = p − 1
Then du = dp
Z Z
( p − 1)2/3 dp = u2/3 du
u5/3
= +C
5/3
3u5/3
= +C
5
3( p − 1)5/3
= +C
5
Solution should be input 3(p-1)^(5/3)/5 or equivalent
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I Question 9.
Let u = 1 − x3
du
Then = −3x2
dx
du
and dx =
−3x2
du
Z p Z p
x2 1 − x3 dx = x2 1 − x3
−3x2
1
Z
=− u1/2 du
3
" #
1 u3/2
=− +C
3 3/2
3/2
2 1 − x3
=− +C
9
Solution should be input -2(1-x^3)^(3/2)/9 or equivalent
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I Question 10.
√ 3x4/3
Z √ Z
The curve with slope 3
x is y = 3
x dx = x1/3 dx = + C.
4
The curve passes through (8, 14) so y(8) = 14.
Then,
3(8)4/3 3(2)4 3(16)

y (8) = +C = +C = + C = 12 + C = 14 ⇒ C = 2
4 4 4
The equation is given by
3x4/3
y= +2
4
Solution should be input 3x^(4/3)/4+2 or equivalent
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I Question 1.
" #3
x4 34 14
Z 3
t3 dt = = − = 20
1 4 4 4
1
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I Question 2.
Let u = 1 + x
Then du = dx
Z 3 Z x =3
dx du
√ = √
0 1+x x =0 u
Z x =3
= u−1/2 du
x =0
" # x =3
u1/2
=
1/2
x =0
h i3
= 2 (1 + x )1/2
h i0
1/2 1/2
= 2 4 −1
=2
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I Question 3.
Z 1 Z 1
s 1 − s2 ds = s − s3 ds
−2 −2
" #1
s2 s4
= −
2 4
−2

1 1 4 16
= − − −
2 4 2 4
1
= − (−2)
4
9
=
4
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I Question 4.
Z 3 3
1
Z
x2 + 2
dx = x2 + x −2 dx
−2 x −2
" #3
x3 x −1
= +
3 −1
−2
3
x3

1
= −
3 x −2
3
(−2)3

3 1 1
= − − −
3 3 3 −2
27 1 8 1
= − + −
3 3 3 2
34 1
= −
3 2
65
=
6
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I Question 5.
To solve this question, you need to recognise that (2y − 1)2 = 4y2 − 4y + 1. Then,
Let u = 2y − 1
du
Then =2
dy
du
and dy =
2
Z 14 Z 14
dy dy
p = p
1 3
4y2 − 4y + 1 1 3
(2y − 1)2
Z y=14
1 du
= √3
·
y =1 u 2 2
Z y=14
1
= u−2/3 du
2 y =1
" #y=14
1 u1/3
=
2 1/3
y =1
3 h i14
= (2y − 1)1/3
2 1
3 h
1/3 1/3
i
= 27 −1
2
=3
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I Question 6.
Let u = x2 − 1
du
Then = 2x
dx
du
and dx =
2x
Z 3 Z x =3
x x du
√
3
dx = √
0 x2 −1 x =0
3
u 2x
Z x =3
1
= u−1/3 du
2 x =0
" # x =3
1 u2/3
=
2 2/3
x =0
3
2/3 3
= x2 − 1
4 0
3 h 2/3 2/3
i
= 8 − (−1)
4
3
= [4 − 1]
4
9
=
4
Note that (−1)1/3 = −1 ⇒ (−1)2/3 = (−1)2 = 1

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I Question 7.
Let u = x2 + 9
du
Then = 2x
dx
du
and dx =
2x
Z 4 p Z x =4 √ du
x x2 + 9 dx = x u
0 x =0 2x
Z x =4
1
= u1/2 du
2 x =0
" # x =4
1 u3/2
=
2 3/2
x =0

1 2 3/2 4
= x +9
3 0
1 h 3/2 3/2
i
= 25 −9
3
1
= [125 − 27]
3
98
=
3
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I Question 8.
Let u = 2x2 − 3x + 1
du
Then = 4x − 3
dx
du
and dx =
4x − 3
Z 5 p Z x =5 √ du
(6 − 8x ) 2x2 − 3x + 1 dx = (6 − 8x ) u
0 x =0 4x − 3
Z x =5
= −2 u1/2 du
x =0
" # x =5
u3/2
= −2
3/2
x =0
4
3/2 5
=− 2x2 − 3x + 1
3 0
3/2 3/2
4 2 2
=− 2(5) − 3(5) + 1 − 2(0) − 3(0) + 1
3
4h i
= − 363/2 − 13/2
3
4
= − [216 − 1]
3
860
=−
3
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I Question 1.
4t4 − 3t3
Z Z
dt = 4t3 − 3t2 dt
t
= t4 − t3 + C
Solution should be input 4t^4-3t^3 or equivalent.
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I Question 2.
Z
y= f ( x ) dx
Z
= 2x3 − 3x dx
x4 3x2
= − +C
2 2
y (2) = 9
⇒ 8−6+C = 9
⇒C=7
x4 3x2
y= − +7
2 2
Solution should be input x^4/2-3x^2/2+7 or equivalent.
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I Question 3.
Z
1
Z
y5/3 + dy = y5/3 + y−3/5 dy
y3/5
3y8/3 5y2/5
= + +C
8 2
Solution should be input 3y^(8/3)/3+5y^(2/5)/2 + C or equivalent.
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I Question 4.
" #1
x4
Z 1
3 2
7 − 2x + x dx = 7x − x +
−2 4
−2

1 16
= 7−1+ − −14 − 4 +
4 4
= 20.25
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I Question 5.
Let u = 2t − 1
du
Then =2
dt
du
and dt =
2
Z 14 Z t=14
dt du
√ =
0
3
4t2 − 4t + 1 t =0 2u2/3
Z t=14
1
= u−2/3 du
2 t =0
" #t=14
1 u1/3
=
2 1/3
t =0
3 h i14
= (2t − 1)1/3
2 0
3 h
1/3−(−1)1/3
i
= (27)
2
3
= [3 − (−1)]
2
=6
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I Question 6.
Let u = s3 + 3s2 − 4
du
Then = 3s2 + 6s
ds
du
and ds = 2
3s + 6s
Z 2 p Z s =2 √ du
(s2 + 2s) s3 + 3s2 − 4 ds = (s2 + 2s) u
−2 s=−2 3s2 + 6s
1 s =2
Z
= u1/2 du
3 s=−2
" # s =2
1 u3/2
=
3 3/2
s=−2

2 3 3/2 2
= s + 3s2 − 4
9 −2
2h i
= (8 + 12 − 4) − (−8 + 12 − 4)3/2
3/2
9
2h i
= (16)3/2 − (0)3/2
9
2
= [64]
9
128
=
9
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I Question 1.
4s4 + 2s2
Z Z
ds = 4s3 + 2s ds
s
= s4 + s2 + C
Solution should be input s^4+s^2 or equivalent.
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I Question 2.
Z
y= h(s)) ds
Z
= s3 + s ds
s4 s2
= + +C
4 2
y(−1) = 0
1 1
⇒ + +C = 0
4 2
3
⇒C=−
4
s4 s2 3
y= + −
4 2 4
Solution should be input s^4/4+s^2/2-3/4 or equivalent.
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I Question 3.
Z
1
Z
y4/5 − dy = y4/5 − y−5/4 dy
y5/4
y9/5 y−1/4
= − +C
9/5 −1/4
5y9/5
= + 4y−1/4 + C
9
5y9/5 4
or = + 1/4 + C
9 y
Solution should be input 5y^(9/5)/9+4y^(-1/4) + C or equivalent.
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I Question 4.
" #2
t2 t4
Z 2
3
t − 2t + 3 dt = − + 3t
−1 2 2
−1

4 16 1 1
= − +6 − − −3
2 2 2 2
=3
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I Question 5.
Let u = s − 1
du
Then =1
ds
and ds = du
Z 9 Z s =9
ds du
√
3
= √
3
0 s2 − 2s + 1 s =0 u2
Z s =9
= u−2/3 du
s =0
" # s =9
u1/3
=
1/3
s =0
h i9
= 3 (s − 1)1/3
0
h i
1/3−(−1)1/3
= 3 (8)
= 3 [2 − (−1)]
=9
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I Question 6.
Let u = 2x2 − 3x + 1
du
Then = 4x − 3
dx
du
and dx =
4x − 3
Z 5 p Z x =5 √ dx
(6 − 8x ) 2x2 − 3x + 1 dx = (6 − 8x ) u
0 x =0 4x − 3
Z x =5
= −2 u1/2 du
x =0
" # x =5
u3/2
= −2
3/2
x =0
4
3/2 5
= − 2x2 − 3x + 1
3 0
4h i
= − (50 − 15 + 1) − (1)3/2
3/2
3
4
= − [216 − 1]
3
860
= −
3
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I Question 1.
4t4 + 3t3
Z Z
dt = 4t + 3 dt
t3
= 2t2 + 3t + C
Solution should be input 2t^2+3t+C or equivalent.
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I Question 2.
Z
y= g(t) dt
Z
= t2 − 4t dt
t3
= − 2t2 + C
3
y (3) = −6
33
⇒ − 2(3)2 + C = −6
3
9 − 18 + C = −6
⇒C=3
t3
y= − 2t2 + 3
3
Solution should be input t^3/3-2t^2+3 or equivalent.
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I Question 3.
Z
1
Z
y3/4 − dy = y3/4 − y−4/3 dy
y4/3
y7/4 y−1/3
= − +C
7/4 −1/3
4y7/4
= + 3y−1/3 + C
7
4y7/4 3
or = + 1/3 + C
7 y
Solution should be input 4y^(7/4)/7+3y^(-1/3) + C or equivalent.
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I Question 4.
Let u = s3 + 3s2 − 4
du
Then = 3s2 + 6s
ds
du
and ds = 2
3s + 6s
Z 2 p Z s =2 √ du
(s2 + 2s) s3 + 3s2 − 4 ds = (s2 + 2s) u
−2 s=−2 3s2 + 6s
1 s =2
Z
= u1/2 du
3 s=−2
" # s =2
1 u3/2
=
3 3/2
s=−2

2 3 3/2 2
= s + 3s2 − 4
9 −2
2h i
= (8 + 12 − 4) − (−8 + 12 − 4)3/2
3/2
9
2h i
= (16)3/2 − (0)3/2
9
2
= [64]
9
128
=
9
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I Question 5.
Let u = x + 2
Then dx = du
Z 6 Z 6
dx dx
√
3
= p
−3 x2 + 4x + 4 −3 3
( x + 2)2
Z 6
dx
=
−3 ( x + 2)2/3
Z x =6
= u−2/3 du
x =−3
" # x =6
u1/3
=
1/3
x =−3
h i
= 3 ( x + 2)1/3 36
−
h i
= 3 81/3 − (−1)1/3
= 3 [2 − (−1)]
=9
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I Question 6.
Let u = 3t + t3
du
Then = 3 + 3t2
dt
du
and dt =
3( t2 + 1)
Z 1 p Z x =1 √ dt
(t2 + 1) 3t + t3 dt = ( t2 + 1) u
0 x =0 3( t2 + 1)
Z x =1
1
= u1/2 du
3 x =0
" # x =1
1 u3/2
=
3 3/2
x =0
2
3/2 1
=− 3t + t3
9 0
2 h 3/2 3/2
i
= − (4) − (0)
9
16
=
9
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I Question 1.
Find the area bounded by y = x2 − 2x − 3 and the line y = 0.

Note that y = x2 − 2x − 3 is a parabola that opens upwards (the x2 coefficient is positive)
so the area enclosed by the parabola and the line y = 0 will be below the x-axis.
Find the intersects of the curve y = x2 − 2x − 3 with the line y = 0:
x2 − 2x − 3 = 0
⇒ ( x − 3)( x + 1) = 0
Thus, the intersects are at x = −1 and x = 3. The area looks like this:
y
y = x2 − 2x − 3
y=0
(−1, 0) (3, 0)
The required area is:

Z 3
A= 0 − x2 − 2x − 3 dx
−1
Z 3
= − x2 + 2x + 3 dx
−1
3
x3 Contents

2
= − +x +3
3 −1 Next Page

27 1
= − +9+9 − +1−3 Previous Page
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= 9 − −1
3 Page 196 of 203
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I Question 2.
Find the area bounded by y = x2 and the line y = x.

Note that y = x2 is a parabola, through the origin, that opens upwards (the x2 coefficient is
positive).
y y = x2
Find the intersects of the curve y=x
y = x2 with the line y = x:
x2 = x (1, 1)
⇒ x2 − x = 0
⇒ x ( x − 1) = 0
Thus, the intersects are

at x = 0 and x = 1. (0, 0) x

Z 1
A= x − x2 dx
0
1
x2 x3

= −
2 3
0
1 1
= − − [0 − 0]
2 3
1
=
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I Question 3.
Find the area bounded by y = ( x − 1)2 − 2 and y = 3 − x2 .

y = ( x − 1)2 − 2 is a parabola that opens upwards since the x2 coefficient is positive.
( x − 1) indicates that the parabola is shifted to the right by 1 unit and the −2 indicates
that the parabola is shifted down by 2 units.
y = − x2 + 3 is a parabola that opens downwards since the x2 coefficient is negative.
The +3 indicates that the parabola is shifted up by 3 units.
Find the intersections of the two y

parabolas:
( x − 1)2 − 2 = − x 2 + 3 (−1, 2)
⇒ x2 − 2x + 1 − 2 = − x2 + 3
y = ( x − 1)2 − 2
⇒ 2x2 − 2x − 4 = 0
x
⇒ 2( x + 1)( x − 2) = 0
(2, −1)
Thus, the parabolas intersect at
x = −1 and x = 2. y = − x2 + 3

Z 2 h i h i
A= − x2 + 3 − ( x − 1)2 − 2 dx
−1
Z 2
= −2x2 + 2x + 4 dx
−1
Z 2
= −2 x2 − x − 2 dx
−1
2 Contents
x3 x2

= −2 − − 2x
3 2 −1 Next Page

8 4 1 1 Previous Page
= −2 − −4 −2 − − +2
3 2 3 2
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9 3
= −2 − −6
3 2 Page 198 of 203
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I Question 4.
Find the area bounded by f ( x ) = x3 − 3x2 − x + 3 and the x-axis between x = −1 and x = 3.
f ( x ) is a cubic polynomial with a positive leading coefficient so f ( x ) → −∞ as x → −∞ (and
f ( x ) → ∞ as x → ∞).
As x → −1− (as x approaches −1 from the left), f ( x ) is negative. f ( x ) crosses the x-axis
at x = −1 and remains positive until it crosses the x-axis again at x = 1. Thus, f ( x ) > 0 for
−1 < x < 1. f ( x ) remains negative until it crosses the x-axis into positive territory again at x = 2.
f (x)
Thus,


 <0 if x < −1

=0 x = −1



 if f ( x ) = x3 − 3x2 − x + 3

> 0 if −1 < x < 1



f (x) = 0 if x=1 (−1, 0)
 x
< 0

if 1<x<2
(2, 0)



=0 if x=2





> 0 if x>2
A = A1 + A2
Z 1 Z 2
= x3 − 3x2 − x + 3 − 0 dx + 0 − x3 − 3x2 − x + 3 dx
−1 1
" #1 " #2
x4 3 x2 x2x4 3
= −x − + 3x + − +x + − 3x
4 2 4 2 Contents
−1 1

1 1 1 1 16 4 1 1 Next Page
= −1− +3 − +1− −3 − − +8+ −6 − − +1+ −3
4 2 4 2 4 2 4 2
Previous Page
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I Question 5.
x2
Find the area bounded by y = x2 , y = − + 5 and y = 2x.
4
x2
y = x2 opens upwards and y = − + 5 opens downwards. Find their points of intersection:
4
x2
x2 = − +5
4
5x2 y
=5 y = 2x
4
x2 = 4 (−2, 4) (2, 4)
x2
Thus, x = ±2 and the parabolas intersect y = − +5
4
at (−2, 4) and (2, 4).
The points of intersection of y = x2 and
y = 2x are:
y = x2
x2 = 2x x
2
(0, 0)
x − 2x = 0
x ( x − 2) = 0
x = 0 or 2
2
y = x and y = 2x intersect at (0, 0) and (2, 4).
Then the total required area is:
x2 x2
Z 0 Z 2
A = A1 + A2 = − + 5 − x2 dx + − + 5 − 2x dx
−2 4 0 4
x2 2 x2
Z 0 Z
=5 1− dx − + 2x − 5 dx Contents
−2 4 0 4
0 2 Next Page
x3
3
x
=5 x− − + x2 − 5x
12 −2 12 0
Previous Page

8 8 Last Visited
= −5 −2 + − + 4 − 10
12 12
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I Question 1.
Let x be the amount of cable that has been wound up

The weight of cable between the elevator and the cable drum is 192(37.5 − x ) N
The force at the cable drum equals the weight of the cable and the weight of the elevator:
F = 192(37.5 − x ) + 9000
The work done in raising the elevator 18.0 m from the basement to the fifth floor is:
Z 18 Z 18
192(37.5 − x ) + 9000 dx = 16200 − 192x dx
0 0
h i18
= 16200x − 96x2
0
= 260496 N · m
= 260.5 kN · m
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I Question 1.
The force at the cable drum equals the weight of the cable and the weight of the elevator:
F = 192(37.5 − x ) + 7125 The work done in raising the elevator 15.0 from the fifth to the
tenth floor is:
Z 33 Z 33
192(37.5 − x ) + 7125 dx = 14325 − 192x dx
18 18
h i33
= 14325x − 96x2
18
= 141435 N · m
= 141.44 kN · m
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I Question 2.
First, find the spring constant:
f ( x ) = kx
720 N = k(10m)
k = 72 N/m
The work is done stretching the bungee cord from its unstretched length of 50 m by 10 m
to its final length of 60 m.
Z b
w= f ( x ) dx
a
Z 10
= 72xdx
0
h i10
= 36x2
0
= 3600 N · m
= 3.6 kN · m
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A Little eBook

Interactive Self -Tests and Practice Exams

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3 Quiz I Practice (Limits and Using the Definition of the Derivative) 10

6 Midterm Practice (Differentiation and Applications) 17

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6. s(t) = 42t − 5t2 . Find the value of t

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1. f ( x ) = 4x3 − 3x2 + 2x − 1. f 0 (x) =

2. s(t) = (3t)4 − (2t)5 . s0 (t) =

a) the ball’s velocity, in m/s, after 1.5 seconds =

b) the time, in seconds, to reach the highest point =

b) the maximum height, in metres, of the ball =

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Use the product rule to find the following derivatives:

1. h(t) = (2t + 3)(4t − 5). h0 (t) =

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1. f ( x ) = (3x + 2)3 . Then f 0 ( x ) =

2. g(t) = (10 − 3t2 )5 . Then g0 (t) =

8. y = (2x + 1)3 (3x + 1)2 . Then y0 =

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b) Find y’ at (−2, −2), (0, 0) and at (2, −2/3).

e) Find g’ at (−2, −2), (0, 0) and at (2, −2/3).

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b) The equation of the tangent line with slope 4 is y =

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1. lim (3x + 2)3 − x2 =

Use the definition of a derivative to find the following derivatives.

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1. lim (2x + 3)2 − x3 =

Use the definition of a derivative to find the following derivatives.

7. s(t) = 2t2 + 3t. s0 (t) =

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5.1. Tangents & Normals

1. The line tangent to y = 3x2 + 4x + 2 at (−1, 1) is y =

2. The line normal to xy + y2 + 2 = 0 at (3, −1) is y =

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To start, press All answers should be numerical. Do not enter units.

1. x and y are both functions of t, related by 5y − x2 = 5.

3. A spherical exercise ball is inflated at the rate of 0.09 m3 /min.

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(b) Evaluate the slope of the curve at (3, 5).

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(b) Evaluate the slope of the curve at (2, 3).

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7.1. Indefinite Integration

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1. Find the area bounded by y = x2 − 2x − 3 and the line y = 0. A =

2. Find the area bounded by y = x2 and the line y = x. A =

3. Find the area bounded by y = ( x − 1)2 − 2 and y = − x2 + 3. A =

4. The function f ( x ) = x3 − 3x2 − x + 3 intercepts the x-axis at x = −1, x = 1 and x = 3.

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