Chandrayaan-2

(Sanskrit: चन्द्रयान-२; Sanskrit: [t͡ɕən̪d̪ɾəjaːna d̪ʋi]; lit: Moon-craft[14][15] pronunciation (help·info)) is

India's second lunar exploration mission after Chandrayaan-1.[16] Developed by the Indian Space
Research Organisation (ISRO),[17][18] the mission was launched from Satish Dhawan Space Centre on
22 July 2019 at 2.43 PM IST (09:13 UTC) to the Moon by a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch
Vehicle Mark III (GSLV Mk III). It consists of a lunar orbiter, lander and rover, all developed in
India.[20] The main scientific objective is to map the location and abundance of lunar water.
The lander and the rover will land in a high plain between two craters, Manzinus C and Simpelius N,
at a latitude of about 70° south. The wheeled rover will move on the lunar surface and will perform
on-site chemical analysis. It can relay data to Earth through the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter and lander,
which will fly on the same launch.
Launch of Chandrayaan-2 was originally scheduled for 14 July 2019 at 21:21 UTC (15 July 2019 2:51
IST) but was called off due to a technical snag noticed while filling the cryogenic engine of the rocket
with helium[24] at around 56 minutes(56 minutes 24 seconds[25]) before launch.[26][7] It was launched on 22
July 2019 14:43 IST (09:13 UTC) from the Satish Dhawan Space Centreat Sriharikota in Nellore
district of Andhra Pradesh.
A successful landing would make India the fourth country to achieve a soft landing on the Moon,
after the space agencies of the USSR, USA and China.[27] If successful, Chandrayaan-2 will be the
southernmost lunar landing, aiming at 67°S or 70°S latitude.

The next mission will be Chandrayaan-3 . It is suggested to be launched in 2024. India

is likely to collaborate with Japan in this mission but the mission is not yet defined. Most likely it will be
a lander-rover mission to perform In situ sampling and analysis of collected lunar material and
demonstrate lunar night survival technologies.[

India has launched 106 satellites since 1975. Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is
responsible for India's Space Program. In February 2017, ISRO has created a new record by
launching 104 satellites in one go. Out of these 104 satellites, only 3 of these were Indian
Satellites.

Start of mission

Launch date July 22, 2019, 14:43:12 IST (09:13:12 UTC)[7]

Rocket GSLV Mk III

Launch site Satish Dhawan Space Centre Second Launch Pad

Contractor Indian Space Research Organisation

Moon orbiter

Orbital insertion 20 August, 2019 (planned)[10][11]

Orbital parameters
 Payload mass Orbiter (wet): 2,379 kg (5,245 lb)[3][4]
Chandrayaan-2 composite
Orbiter (dry): 682 kg (1,504 lb)[5]
Vikram lander (wet): 1,471 kg (3,243 lb)[3][4]

Vikram lander (dry): 626 kg (1,380 lb)[5]

Pragyan rover: 27 kg (60 lb)[3][4]

Mission type Lunar orbiter, lander, rover

Operator Indian Space Research

Organisation

Website www.isro.gov.in/chandrayaan2-home
Landing date 7 September, 2019 (planned)[

Mission Orbiter: 1 year

duration Vikram lander: <15 days[1]

Pragyan rover: <15 days[1]

Spacecraft properties

Manufacturer Indian Space Research Organisation

Launch mass Combined (wet): 3,850 kg (8,490 lb)

Combined (dry): 1,308 kg (2,884 lb)[5]

Power Orbiter: 1 kW [6]

Vikram lander: 650 W

Pragyan rover: 50 W
Types of Satellites and Applications
Satellites can be classified by their function since they are launched into space to do a specific job. The
satellite must be designed specifically to fulfill its role. There are nine different types of satellites
i.e. Communications Satellite, Remote Sensing Satellite, Navigation Satellite, LEO, MEO, HEO, GPS,
GEOs, Drone Satellite, Ground Satellite, Polar Satellite. Communications satellites are artificial
satellites that relay receive signals from an earth station and then retransmit the signal to other earth
stations. They commonly move in a geostationary orbit. A remote Sensing instrument collects
information about an object.
Global Positioning System (GPS) consists of up to 32 medium Earth orbit satellites in six different orbital
planes, with the exact number of satellites varying as older satellites are retired and replaced.
Operational since 1978 and globally available since 1994, GPS is currently the world's most utilized
satellite navigation system.