Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
O 8.01 8 16 16 8 16
Table 2: Formula and Terminology
Modern
Comparison Chart
Hunt & Hunt (1869) Other Hunt Hunt & Douglas Modern
Molecula Douglas Hunt & Scientific & Douglas (1876) Latin Modern
r/Ionic (1876) Douglas Copper (1869) Promotional System Stock System
Formulas Formula (1869) Patent Article Terminology Booklet Names Names
Cu2O/ Cu2O oxides of cuprous oxyd suboxide dinoxyd of cuprous copper (I)
Cu2+O2 copper/red copper oxide oxide
CuO/ Cu2O2 oxides of oxidum protoxide protoxyd of cupric oxide copper (II)
Cu2+O2- copper/black cuprosum copper oxide
CuCl/ Cu2Cl cuprous protochlorid of cuprous copper (I)
Cu+Cl- chlorid copper chloride chloride
CuCl2/ dichloride of cupric chlorid dichloride of
Cu2+Cl2- copper copper
FeCl2/ FeCl protochloride ferrous iron protochloride of ferrous iron (II)
Fe2+Cl2- of iron chlorid dichloride iron chloride chloride
FeO/ FeO ferrous oxyd ferrous oxyd hydrated ferrous ferrous iron (II) oxide
Fe2+O2- oxide oxide
Fe2O3/ F2O3 ferric oxyd ferric oxyd ferric oxide iron (III)
Fe22+O32- oxide
FeOCl/ iron oxychloride iron (III)
Fe3+O2-Cl- oxychloride of iron oxychloride
NaCl/ chlorid of chlorid of common salt chlorid of sodium sodium
Na+Cl- sodium sodium sodium chloride chloride
Who Were the Patent Holders?
James Douglas T. Sterry Hunt
Their Careers
Douglas CV Hunt CV
• Born 1837 Quebec City, Canada • Born 1826 Norwich, Connecticut
• Education: University of Edinburgh & • Education: Yale University with B. Silliman
Queen’s College, Kingston, Canada • Geological Survey of Canada 1846-72
• Degree in theology, with some studies of • Laval University, Prof. Chemistry 1856-62
medicine (chemistry) at Laval University • McGill University, Prof. Chemistry
• 1864 took charge of family investment at • MIT, Prof. geology 1872-78
Harvey Hill Copper Mine as high-grade
ore exhausted (bornite) • Patents with Douglas 1869-1892
• 1867 tested Whelpley & Storer Process • Published 6 scientific books
• 1869 patented copper process with Hunt • Published 346 scientific articles
• 1871 consulting in Chile nine months • Member & officer of most USA, Canadian
& European scientific societies
• 1875 Chemical Copper Corporation
• Questioned “atom theory” in favor of
• 1880 Phelps Dodge & Arizona continuous matter
• Published some 300 articles, 5 books • Died: 1892 New York City
• Died 1918 New York City
Hunt & Douglas Process Plants
• Harvey Hill Mine, St-Jacques de Leeds, Quebec
1869-75.
• Compañia de Minas de la Invernada, Tiltil
1870-75.
• Ore Knob Mining Company, 1873-75.
• Sociedad Minera de Andacollo, 1870-?
• Chemical Copper Co., Phoenixville, Penn. 1875-80.
• Stewart Smelter, Georgetown, Colorado, 1874-80.
• Kansas City Smelting & Refining, 1895-97.
Harvey Hill Mine 1860
Compañia de Minas de la Invernada
• “Para que V.E. pueda juzgar mejor
• Chile had venture capital. del valor del procedimiento y los
grandes ventajas que va a reportar al
• Investors with a correct país dice, que existen grandes
cantidades del desmontes de cobre
diagnosis of the looming de 4 a 5% en Chile que hasta ahora
crisis in Chile. se han considerado de ningún valor,
también hay cerros inmensos de
• Copper investors minerales de baja ley que
assuming great risk to actualmente nadie esplota por no
move the industry and conocer un método barato de
beneficiar."
the country ahead. -Juan Stewart Jackson, President,
• Chile lagged in science & Compañia de Minas de la Invernada, to
Pres. José Joaquín Pérez, 1871
engineering to keep at it.
Ore Knob, North Carolina, USA
water, ore, solution
Leaching tanks
Roasting
furnace Precipitation
tanks
Solution
recovery
Chemical Copper Company 1876
Leaching Tank
House
Chemical Copper Company
• Five years custom ore processing allowed for
continual experimentation with varied ores.
• Developed hydrometallurgy as basis for a
custom smelter.
• First copper electrolysis in North America.
• Where Douglas developed his skill as a
metallurgist.
• Bankrupt after a second furnace house fire.
Problems and Subsequent Patents
Year Patent # Name Title of Patent Extraction
Patentee (solvent/product) Method
1869 86.754 H&D Improvement in Processes of Extracting Copper from Its Ores iron precipitate
(protochloride of iron & common salt /cuprous chloride)
1874 151,763 D, H, S Improvement in Extracting Silver, Gold, and Other Metals from iron precipitate
Their Ores
(protochloride of iron & common salt/chloride of copper )
1880 227,902 H&D Extracting Copper from Ores iron precipitation
(chloride & sulphurous acid/dichloride of copper) or filter
1887 364,174 H&D Process of Extracting Copper from Its Ores iron precipitation
(ferrous chloride & common salt/cuprous & cupric chloride) or filter