The Effect of Iron against Host Immunity Response In Vitro Granuloma

Model Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Anik Handayati1,2, Yuni Rukminiati3, Francisca Srioetami Tanoerahardjo3, Jusak

Nugraha4

Medicinal Science, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya1; Health

Analyst, Politekkes Kemenkes Surabaya2; National Institute of Health Research
and Development, Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia3; Pathology
Department, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya4.

Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) is a pathogenic bacterium that causes

tuberculosis (TB). More than 90% healthy people who is infected by M.tb develop
latent TB asymptomatic infection (LTBI), which the body’s immune system
encourage the bacteria into dormancy state, and when the immune system
weakens, reactivation and active disease occur. The ability of the body’s immune
system response to control the infection is strongly influenced by nutrition,
especially iron (Fe) intake and Fe host homeostatic. Therefore, it is important to
obtain a comprehensive understanding of the effect of Fe on the host immune
response during M.tb infection with special emphasis to latent TB, using an in
vitro granuloma model of M. tuberculosis infection.
This research aimed to determine the effect of iron addition concentration
and incubation time on Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α) and Th2 (IL-10), each of
them are pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
This study used an in vitro culture model of M. tuberculosis infection,
supplemented with FeCl3 25 µM and 50 µM and control concentrations,
incubated for 24 hours, 72 hours, and 168 hours. The results of the culture
incubations were examined for the leves of of IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-10 cytokines
using the Elisa method.
The addition of iron with levels of 25 µM and 50 µM with the incubation
time of 24 hours, 72 hours and 168 hours increased the pro-inflammatory
cytokines (IFN-γ fermentation and TNF-α) and decreased anti-inflammatory
cytokines (IL-10). In this investigation, iron 25 µM affected the immune response
and pathogen, seen on the balance of Th1 and Th2, showed by not-significantly
difference towards different incubation times. While at the concentration 50 µM,
iron supported the balance of Th1 and Th2 headed to Th2, presented by the
increasing level of IL-10 and decreasing level of TNF-α.

Keywords: Iron, In vitro granuloma, Th1/Th2 balance

Email : anik_hidayanti@yahoo.com
Phone number : +62(812)3287504