239

Time, Speed and

Distance

This Chapter “Time, Speed and Distance” is taken from our:

ISBN : 9789386320667
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10
TIME, SPEED AND DISTANCE

l Introduction l To and Fro Motion in a Straight Line Between

l Motion or movement Two Points A and B
l Conversion kmph (kilometer per hour) to m/s l Uniform Acceleration and Uniform Deceleration
(meter per second) and vice-versa l Application of Alligation in the Problems
l Direct and Inverse Proportionality Between any Related to Time, Speed and Distance
two of the speed(S), Time(T) and Distance(D) l Concept Related to Motion of Trains
When the Third One is Constant l Boats and Streams
l Average Speed l Basic Terminology Related to Races
l Relative Speed l Circular Motion
l Clocks

INTRODUCTION The relation between speed (S), distance (D) and time (T) is
given below :
For a CAT aspirant, a problem on time, speed and distance means
Distance = Speed × Time
solving complex situation with the help of many equations. Ability
or, Speed × Time = Distance i.e. S × T = D
to solve the problems of this chapter depends only on the depth In the above relation, the unit used for measuring the distance
of your understanding of this chapter. Concepts of this chapters (D) covered during the motion and the unit of time (T ) i.e.
are used in solving questions based on motion in a straight line, duration to cover the distance (D) will be the same as in numerator
relative motion, circular motion, train and boat etc. In CAT and and denominator respectively of the unit used for the speed.
other equivalent aptitude tests, each year 2 to 4 questions are
generally asked. So this chapter is very important from the point CONVERSION OF KMPH (KILOMETER PER
of view of CAT and other equivalent aptitude tests. HOUR) TO M/S (METRE PER SECOND) AND
VICE-VERSA
MOTION OR MOVEMENT
1 km 1000 m 5m 5
When a body changes its position with respect to any external 1 kmph or 1 km/h = = = = m/s
1 hr 60 × 60 sec 18 sec 18
stationary body then it is said that the body is in motion or the
body is moving with respect to the stationary body. Thus when 5x
⇒  x kmph = m/s and vice-versa x
a body travels from one place to another place, we say that the 18
body is in motion or the body is moving. To move from a point 18 x 18 x
m/s = kmph or km/h
A to another point B situated at a distance (D) from the point A 5 5
with some speed (S) by a body takes some time (T). 5
Speed is defined as the rate at which distance is covered i.e. to convert km/hr to m/sec, multiply by and to convert
18
during the motion. It is measured in terms of distance per unit 18
m/sec to km/hr multiply by .
time. Unit of speed may have any combination of unit of distance 5
and unit of time in the numrator and denominator respectively. Illustration 1:  Convert 90 km/h into m/s.
For example unit of speed can be metre/sec, km/hour, metre/min., 5
Solution: 90 km/h = 90 × = 25 m/s.
km/min., km/day, km/sec, feet/sec, miles/hr etc. 18
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Illustration 2:  The driver of a Maruti car driving at the speed Illustration 3:  Two cyclists travel with a constant speed. One
of 68 km/h locates a bus 40 metres ahead of him. After 10 cyclist travels 30 kms in 2 hrs, then in how many hours the
seconds, the bus is 60 metres behind. The speed of the bus is other cyclist travels 40 kms.
(a) 30 km/h (b) 32 km/h Solution:  Since speed of the two cyclists is the same, hence
(c) 25 km/h (d) 38 km/h t1 d1
=
Solution: (b) Let speed of Bus = SB km/h. t2 d 2
Now, in 10 sec., car covers the relative distance Here t1 = 2 hrs, d1 = 30 kms, t2 = ?, d2 = 40 kms
= (60 + 40) m = 100 m
100 2 30 8 2
∴ Relative speed of car = = 10 m/s \ = ⇒ 3t 2 = 8 ⇒ t 2 = = 2 hrs
10 t 2 40 3 3
18 2
= 10 × = 36 km / h Hence required time = 2 hrs.
5 3
∴ 68 – SB = 36
Illustration 4:  A car travels from Delhi to Jaipur at a speed
⇒ S = 32 km/h of 50 km/hr and another car travels from Delhi to Ludhiana
at a speed 60 km/hr. If the time taken by both the cars is the
DIRECT AND INVERSE PROPORTIONALITY same and the distance of Jaipur from Delhi is 270 kms, then
BETWEEN ANY TWO OF THE SPEED(S), find the distance of Ludhiana from Delhi.
TIME(T) AND DISTANCE(D) WHEN THE Solution:  Since the time taken by both the cars is the same,
THIRD ONE IS CONSTANT therefore
s1 d1
We know that  S × T = D =
s2 d 2
(i) Time (T) is directly proportional to distance (D) when
Here s1 = 50, d1 = 270, s2 = 60, d2 = ?
speed (S) is constant
T ∝ D, when speed (S) is constant 50 270
\ = ⇒ 5d2 = 270 × 6
⇒ T = kD, where k is the constant, called constant of 60 d 2
proportionality 270 × 6
Thus when a body covers d1 and d2 distances in time ⇒ d2 = = 324 kms.
5
t1 and t2 respectively with constant (i.e. uniform) speed, then
Hence distance of Ludhiana from Delhi = 324 kms.
t1 = kd1 and t2 = kd2
Illustration 5: A cyclist goes to the post-office from his
t1 kd1 t1 d1 village at 12 km/h and reaches the post-office 15 minutes
\
= ⇒ =
t2 kd 2 t2 d 2 before 10 a.m. When he goes to the post-office from his village at
10 km/h, reaches the post-office 30 minutes after 10 a.m. Find
(ii) Speed (S) is directly proportional to distance (D) when
the distance of the post-office from the village of the cyclist.
time (T ) is constant i.e.
Solution:  Since the distance of the post-office from the village
S ∝ D, when time T is constant
of the cyclist is constant. Therefore
S = mD, where m is the constant, called constant,
s1t1 = s2t2
of proportionality
15 30 3
Thus, when a body covers d1 and d2 distances with speeds Here s1 = 12 km/h, t2 = t1 + + = t1 +
s1 and s2 respectively in constant time (i.e. duration), then 60 60 4
s1 = md1 and s2 = md2 s2 = 10 km/h, t1 = ?
 3
s1 md1 s1 d1 ∴ 12 × t1 = 10 ×  t1 + 
\
= ⇒ =  4
s2 md 2 s2 d 2
 4t + 3 
(iii) Speed (S) is inversly proportional to time (T) when distance ⇒ 6 t1 = 5 ×  1 
(D) is constant i.e.  4 
1 15
S ∝ , when distance (D) is constant ⇒ 4 t1 = 15 ⇒ t1 = hrs
T 4
1 Distance = Speed × Time
S = n , where n is the constant, called constant of
T 15
proportionality. = 12 × = 45 kms
4
⇒ ST = n
Hence distance of the district centre = 45 kms.
Thus when a body covers a fixed distance with speeds
Illustration 6:  A man travels 120 km by ship, 450 km by rail
s1 and s2 in time t1 and t2 respectively, then
s1t1 = n and s2t2 = n and 60 km by horse taking altogether 13 hrs 30 min. The speed
of the train is 3 times that of the horse and 1½ times that of
\ s1t1 = s2t2
the ship. Find the speed of the train.
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Solution: If the speed of the horse is x km/hr, that of the train is 1
3x = 53 km/h
3x and that of the ship is 1 = 2x km/hr 3
1 2 Illustration 8:  A person goes to his office at 1/3rd of the speed
120 450 60 27 at which he returns from his office. Average speed during the
∴ + + = whole trip (i.e. one round) is 12 km/h. What is the speed of
2x 3x x 2
the person while he was going to his office ?
60 150 60 27 270 27
∴ + + = , ∴ = Solution: Let s2 = 3k, then s1 = k
x x x 2 x 2 2 s ⋅s
∴ x = 20 ∴
Speed of the train = 60 km/hr. Average speed = 1 2
s1 + s2
2 × k × 3k 3k
AVERAGE SPEED ⇒ 12 = =
k + 3k 2
Average speed is defined as the ratio of total distance covered to ∴ k = 8
the total time taken by an object i.e. Hence required speed = 8 km/h.
Total distance travelled Illustration 9:  A covers 1/3rd of the journey at the speed of 10
Average speed =
Total time taken km/h and half of the rest at the speed of 20 km/h and rest at
If an object travels d1, d2, d3, ..., dn distances with different the speed of 30 km/h. What is the average speed of A ?
speeds s1, s2, s3, ..., sn in time t1, t2, t3, ..., tn respectively; then Solution:
average speed (Sa) is given by Distance covered at 10 km/h = 1/3rd of the whole journey
d + d 2 + d3 + ... + d n  1 1 1
Sa = 1 Distance covered at 20 km/h =  1 −  × =  rd of the

t1 + t2 + t3 + ... + tn
... (1)  3 2 3
whole journey
Since, Distance = Speed × Time  1 1 1
Distance covered at 30 km/h = 1 − − =  rd of the whole
∴  d1 = s1t1, d2 = s2t2, d3 = s3t3, ..., dn = sntn  3 3 3
Hence from (1), journey
Since the distances covered with each of the three given speeds
s t + s t + s3t3 + ... + sntn
Sa = 1 1 2 2
are the same, therefore
t1 + t2 + t3 + ... + tn 3s1 ⋅ s2 ⋅ s3
Average speed =
Distance s1 ⋅ s2 + s2 ⋅ s3 + s3 ⋅ s1
Since Time =
Speed 3 × 10 × 20 × 30
=
d1 d2 d3 d 10 × 20 + 20 × 30 + 30 × 10
∴ t1 = = , t2 = , t3 , ..., t n = n
s1 s2 s3 sn 4
Hence from (1), = 16 km/h.
11
d1 + d 2 + d3 + ... + d n Illustration 10: A man makes his upward journey at 16
Sa = km/h and downward journey at 28 km/h. What is his aver-
d1 d 2 d3 d
+ + + ... + n age speed ?
s1 s2 s3 sn
(a) 32 km/h (b) 56 km/h
Special Cases (c) 20.36 km/h (d) 22 km/h
In c hapter of Averages, we studied that Solution: (c) Let the distance travelled during both upward and
(i) If with two different speeds s1 and s2 the same distance d down-ward journey be x km.
is covered, then Total distance covered
2s ⋅ s Average speed =
Average Speed = 1 2 Total time taken
s1 + s2
x+x 2
(ii) If with three different speeds s1, s2 and s3 the same distance = =
x x 28 + 16
d is covered, then +
16 28 28 × 16
3s1 ⋅ s2 ⋅ s3
Average Speed = . 2 × 28 × 16
s1 ⋅ s2 + s2 ⋅ s3 + s3 ⋅ s1 = = 20.36 km / h
44
Illustration 7:  A car moves 300 km at a speed of 45 km/h and
then it increases its speed to 60 km/h to travel another 500 km. Illustration 11:  On a journey across Bombay, a tourist bus
Find average speed of car. averages 10 km/h for 20% of the distance, 30 km/h for 60%
Solution: of it and 20 km/h for the remainder. The average speed for
d + d2 300 + 500 800 160 the whole journey was
Average speed = 1 = = =
d1 d 2 300 500 45 3 (a) 10 km/h (b) 30 km/h
+ +
s1 s2 45 60 3 (c) 5 km/h (d) 20 km/h
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Solution: (d) Let the average speed be x km/h. and total distance ⇒ Sy = 77.5
= y km. then, Hence, required speed = 77.5 km/h.
0.2 0.6 0.2 y Illustration 14:  Two men A and B start from a place P walking
y + y+ y=
10 30 20 x at 3 kmph and 3½ kmph respectively. How many km apart
1 will they be at the end of 2½ hours?
⇒ x = = 20 km / h (i) If they walk in opposite directions ?
0.05
(ii) If they walk in the same direction ?
(iii) What time will they take to be 16 km apart if.
RELATIVE SPEED (a) they walk in opposite directions?
Generally, when we talk about the speed of a body, we mean (b) in the same direction ?
the speed of the body with respect to a stationary point (or Solution:
object), which we have already discussed. In many cases, (i) When they walk in opposite directions, they will be
we need to determine the speed of a body with respect to an  1 1
 3 + 3  = 6 km apart in 1 hour.
independent moving point (or body). In such cases, we have to take into  2 2
account the speed of the independent body with respect to which
1 1 5 1
we want to find the speed of another body. ∴ ln 2
hours they will be 6 × = 16 km apart.
The speed of a body 'A' with respect to an independent 2 2 2 4
moving body 'B' is called relative speed of the body A with respect (ii) If they walk in the same direction, they will be
1 1
to the body 'B'. 3 − 3 = km apart in 1 hour.
2 2
Formulae of Relative Speed
1 1 5 1
(i) If two bodies are moving in opposite directions at speeds ⇒ ln 2 hours they will be × = 1 km apart.
s1 and s2 respectively, then relative speed of any one body 2 2 2 4
with respect to other body is (s1 + s2). (iii) Time to be 16 km apart while walking in opposite direc-
(ii) If two bodies are moving in the same direction at speeds 16 6
tions = =2 hours.
s1 and s2 respectively, then relative speed of any one body 1 13
3+3
with respect to other body is given by 2
s1 – s2, when s1 is greater than s2 But if they walk in the same direction, time
and s2 – s1 when s2 is greater than s1. 16
= = 32 hours
Illustration 12:  A car X starts from Delhi and another car Y 1
3 −3
starts from Moradabad at the same time to meet each other. 3
Speed of car X is 40 km/h while speed of car Y is 50 km/h. If
the distance between Delhi and Moradabad is 210 kms, when TO AND FRO MOTION IN A STRAIGHT
will they meet ? LINE BETWEEN TWO POINTS A AND B
Solution:  Effective speed = Relative speed = 40 + 50 To and fro motion in a straight line between two points A and B
= 90 km/h means motion of one or more bodies between two fixed points A
210 1 and B such that when any body reached at any end point A or B,
Time taken = = 2 hrs.
90 3 they start moving towards the opposite end point.
Illustration 13:  A car X starts running from a place at a uniform 1.  When two bodies start moving towards
speed of 40 km/h in a particular direction. After one and half each other from two points A and B
hour, another car Y starts running in the same direction from the

(a) If distance between A and B is D, then the two
same place at a uniform speed and overtakes car X after 1 hour
bodies together have to cover D unit of distance for the
36 minutes. Find the speed of car Y.
first meeting.
Solution:  Distance covered by X in one and half hours
3
= 40 × km = 60 kms.
2
To overtake the car X by car Y, the distance of 60 kms will be
(b) For the next number of meeting (i.e. second, third,
covered by car Y with relative speed of (Sy – 40) km/h in 1 hour fourth meeting and so on) both A and B together have to
36 minutes, where Sy is the speed of car Y. cover 2D distance more from the previous meeting.
D
 36  3 3  8
Now 1 hour 36 minutes = 1 +  hrs = 51 +  hrs = hrs.
 60   5 5
A B
Now Speed × Time = Distance Hence to meet the fifth time they have to cover together
8 D + (4 × 2D) = 9D unit of distances. Similarly for the
⇒ (Sy – 40) × = 60
5

ninth meeting they have to cover together D + (8 × 2D)
= 17D units of distance. Thus, for the nth meeting they
have to cover together D + (n – 1) × 2D i.e. (2n – 1) D
units of distance.
(c) At any point of time ratio of the distances covered by
the two bodies will be equal to the ratio of their speeds.
2.  When two bodies start moving towards the
same direction from the point A
(a) Since the faster body reaches the next end (or opposite
end) first than the slower body and the faster body starts
returning before the slower body reaches the same opposite
end and hence the two bodies meet somewhere between
the two ends. For the first meeting after they start to move
they have to cover 2D distance, where D is the distance
between two particular end points (i.e. A and B)
D
A B
(b) For every subsequent meeting they have to cover
together 2D unit distance more from the previous meeting.
D Final Speed = Initial Speed – Deceleration × Time
A B
Thus, for the nth meeting they have to cover together
(n × 2D) units of distance.
(c) At any point of time ratio of the distances covered by
the two bodies will be equal to the ratio of their speeds.
Illustration 15:  Two runners Shiva and Abhishek start
running to and fro between opposite ends A and B of a straight
road towards each other from A and B respectively. They meet
first time at a point 0.75D from A, where D is the distance
between A and B. Find the point of their 6th meeting.
Solution:  At the time when Shiva and Abhishek meet first time,
Ratio of their speeds = Ratio of distance covered by them
= 0.75 : 0.25
= 3 : 1
Total distance covered by Shiva and Abhishek together till they
meet at 6th time = D + 5 × 2D = 11D
Total distance covered by Shiva till he meets Abhishek 6th
3 studied in the chapter of Alligation.
time = × 11D = 8.25D
3 +1
After covering a distance of 8.25D, Shiva will be at a point at
a distance of 0.25D from A or 0.75D from B.
UNIFORM ACCELERATION AND UNIFORM
DECELERATION
Acceleration is the rate of increase of speed. If acceleration
is constant (i.e. uniform), then acceleration is called uniform
acceleration. Deceleration is the rate of decrease of speed.
Deceleration is also called negative acceleration. If deceleration
244
is constant (i.e. uniform), then deceleration is called uniform
deceleration.
For example, if speed of a car increases 2 km/h in each succes-
sive hour then the car has an uniform acceleration of 2 km/h2. If
speed of the car decreases 5 km/h in each successive hour then
the car has a uniform deceleration of 5 km/h2.
Unit of acceleration and deceleration are km/h2, m/sec2, etc.
i.e. the unit of acceleration is the ratio of unit of distance and
square of the unit of time.
If a car is moving with the speed of 50 km/h having an accel-
eration 3 km/h2, then its speed after 4 hours will be
50 + 3 × 4 = 62 km/h
Here the speed 50 km/h is called initial speed and the speed
62 km/h is called final speed of the car. Thus
Final Speed = Initial Speed + Acceleration × Time
Also Final Speed = Initial Speed – Deceleration × Time
If on applying the brakes, a car running with a speed of 40
km/h stopped in 5 minutes, then the deceleration produced due
to the brakes will be found out as
5
∴ 0 = 40 – Deceleration ×
60
⇒ Deceleration = 480 km/h2
Note that after applying the brakes, the car is finally stopped,
hence we have taken the found speed of the car = 0
AN APPLICATION OF ALLIGATION IN THE
PROBLEMS RELATED TO TIME, SPEED AND
DISTANCE
Suppose a cyclist goes from P to Q at an average speed of S1 and
then comes back from Q to P at an average speed of S2. You have
already studied the shortcut formula for the average speed of the
whole journey when the distances covered by two different speeds
are the same as given below :
2 S1S2
Average speed for the whole journey =
S1 + S2
However, we can find the average speed of the whole journey
even if the distance travelled by two different speeds is unequal
very easily by using the process of alligation which you have
(i) To understand the process of alligation to find the
average speed of the whole journey when distance travelled by two
different speeds is equal. Suppose a bus travels from Delhi to
Agra at a speed of 50 km/h and from Agra to Delhi at 75 km/h.
Here the distance travel with different speeds is equal,
therefore average speed for the whole journey will be the weighted
average of the two speeds (weighted on the basis of the time taken
to travelled at each speed).
The speed ratio is 2 : 3. The value of the time ratio used for
calculating the weighted average is the inverse ratio of the ratio
of speeds. Hence ratio of times is 3 : 2.
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50 75 (i) When the train is crossing a moving object, the speed of the
train has to be taken as the relative speed with respect to the object.
Aw A object B

P Q R Train S
Aw : 50 The train just The train has
3 : 2 start crossing just crossed
the object the object
75 − Aw 3
= ⇒ Aw = 60  Time taken   Distance 
Aw − 50 2
 Relative speed of the train   by the train   travelled 
 with respect to the object  ×  to cross the  =  by the 
Hence average speed of the whole journey is 60 km/h.      
 object   train 
(ii) To understand the process of alligation to find the    
average speed of the whole journey when distances travelled by two For object moving in opposite direction of the train,
different speeds are unequal. Suppose a bus travels from a city
 Relative speed of the train   Speed of   Speed of 
A to city B at a speed 30 km/h and city B to city C at a speed of  with respect to the object  =  the train  +  the object 
40 km/h. If distance between city A and B be 60 km and between      
B and C be 120 km. And for object moving in the same direction of the train,
 Relative speed of the train   Speed of   Speed of 
 with respect to the object  =  the train  −  the object 
Here the ratio of the speeds is 3 : 4.
Inverse of the ratio of speeds is 4 : 3.      
Since distances coveres with different speeds are not equal but (Distance travelled by the train when crossing the object)
they are in the ratio 1 : 2. Therefore we cannot take 4 : 3 as ratio of = Distance travelled by the engine from Q to S
times but the product of 4 : 3 and 1 : 2 will be the ratio of times i.e. = QR + RS
Ratio of times = (Inverse of the ratio of speeds) × = AB + RS
= Length of the object + Length of the train
(Ratio of distances)
In the case of a train crossing a man, tree or a pole, the length
= (4 : 3) × (1 : 2) of the man, tree or pole is actually its diameter (or width) which
= 4 × 1 : 3 × 2 = 4 : 6 = 2 : 3 is generally considered as negligible i.e. a man, a tree, a pole or
a point etc. has no length.
CONCEPT RELATED TO MOTION OF TRAINS The various situations of motion of the train in which the
questions are asked in CAT and all other aptitude examinations
The following things need to be kept in mind before solving and formulae used in various situations are given in the following
questions on trains. table:

S. Basic Expended Form of Expended Formulae

Situations
No. Formulae Basic Formulae in Symbolic Form
1. When a train Relative Speed × Time (ST + S0) × t =
 Speed   Speed    Time taken by   Length   Length 
crossing a moving   = Distance  of the  +  of the   ×  the train to cross  =  of the  +  of the  (LT + L0)
object with length          
in opposite direction  train   object    the moving object   train   object 
2. When a train Relative Speed × Time  Speed   Speed    Time taken by   Length  Length (ST – S0) × t
crossing a moving   = Distance  of the −  of the  ×  the train to cross  =  of the  +  of the  = (LT + L0)
object with length          
in the same direction  train   object    the moving object   train   object 
3. When a train Relative Speed × Time (ST + S0) × t = LT
 Speed   Speed    Time taken by   Length 
crossing a moving   = Distance  of the  +  of the   ×  the train to cross  =  of the 
object without length         
like a man, a tree,  train   object    the moving object   train 
a pole, a point etc.
in opposite direction
4. When a train Relative Speed × Time (St – S0) × t = LT
 Speed   Speed    Time taken by   Length 
crossing a moving   = Distance  of the  −  of the   ×  the train to cross  =  of the 
object without length         
in the same direction  train   object    the moving object   train 
5. When a train Speed × Time ST × t = LT + L0
 Speed   Length   Length  
crossing a stationary   = Distance  of the  ×  Time taken to cross  =  of the  +  of the  
object with length    the stationary object     
 train   train   object  
 246
S. Basic Expended Form of Expended Formulae
Situations
No. Formulae Basic Formulae in Symbolic Form
6. When a train Speed × Time  Speed  ST × t = LT
 Length 
crossing a stationary   = Distance  of the  ×  Time taken to cross  =  of the 
object without length    the stationary object   
 train   train 

ST = Speed of the train, S0 = Speed of the object, LT = Length of the train, L0 = Length of the object, t = time taken by the train to cross the object

Illustration 16:  A train passes an electric pole in 10 seconds Distance = 110 m

and a platform 120 m long in 18 seconds. Find the length of Therefore, time taken in passing the men
110 × 18
the train. = = 6s
Solution:  Let the length of the train be = x m 66 × 5
x 120 + x
Speed = = ⇒ x = 150
10 18 BOATS AND STREAMS
Hence length of the train = 150 m. In still water, a boat moves with its own speed which is called
Illustration 17: A train of length 100 m takes 1/6 hour to speed of the boat in still water (SB).
pass over another train 150 m long coming from the opposite When the boat is moving against the flow of the water or with
direction. If the speed of first train is 60 km/h, then find speed the flow of the water, the speed of movement of the boat depends
of the second train. on the speed of flow of water [i.e. speed of stream (SS)].
Solution: Let speed of the second train be x km/h. Speed of the boat moving against the flow of water (i.e.
Relative Speed = Sum of speed of two trains moving in upstream)
5 = Speed of boat in still water – Speed of stream
= (60 + x) km/h = (60 + x) m/s = SB – SS
18
Speed of the boat moving with flow of water (i.e. moving in
Sum of length of two trains downstream)
Time =
Relative Speed = Speed of boat in still water + Speed of stream
250 × 18 = SB + SS
⇒ 10 = ⇒ x = 30 km/h.
(60 + x) × 5 The basic formula used for solving the problems of boats and
streams is
Illustration 18:  Two trains 137 metres and 163 metres in
length are running towards each other on parallel lines, one Speed × Time = Distance
at the rate of 42 kmph and another at 48 kmph. In what time Illustration 20: A man can row a boat in downstream at
will they be clear of each other from the moment they meet? 12 km/h and in upstream at 8 km/h. Find the speed of the boat
(a) 10 sec (b) 12 sec that the man can row in still water.
(c) 14 sec (d) cannot be determined Solution:
Solution: (b) Relative speed of the trains SB + SS = 12 ... (1)
= (42 + 48) kmph = 90 kmph SB – SS = 8 ... (2)

 5 On adding (1) and (2), we get

=  90 ×  m/sec = 25 m/sec. 2 SB = 20 ⇒ SB = 10
 18 
Hence speed of boat in still water = 10 km/h.
Time taken by the trains to pass each other
= Time taken to cover (137 + 163) m at 25 m/sec Illustration 21:  A boat covers 48 km in upstream and 72 km
in downstream in 12 hours, while it covers 72 km in upstream
 300  and 48 km in downstream in 13 hours. Find the speed of the
=   sec = 12 seconds.
 25  stream.
Illustration 19: A train 110 m in length travels at 60 km/h. 48 72
Solution: + = 12
How much time does the train take in passing a man walking SB − SS SB + SS
at 6 km/h against the train?
72 48
(a) 6 s (b) 12 s + = 13
(c) 10 s (d) 18 s SB − SS SB + SS
Solution: (a) Relative speeds of the train and the man 1 1
66 × 5 Let = x and =y
= (60 + 6) = 66 km/h = m/s SB − SS SB + SS
18
 247
Then 48x + 72y = 12 ... (1) BASIC TERMINOLOGY RELATED TO RACES
and 72x + 48y = 13 ... (2)
1.  Startup or Head Start
On adding (1) and (2),
5 When a runner allows to another runner to stay ahead in the same
120x + 120y = 25 ⇒ x + y = ... (3)
24 race, then it is said that there is a startup in the race.
On subtracting (2) from (1), For example if A allows B to go ahead before starting the race,
1 then it is said that A gives startup to B and B has the startup. If
24y – 24x = – 1 ⇒ x – y = ,,, (4)
On adding (3) and (4), 24 before starting the race B goes ahead of x metre, then we can say A
gives x metre startup to B or B has startup (or headstart) of x metre.
1 1
2x = ⇒ x= ⇒ SB – SS = 8 ... (5) 2.  Dead Heat
4 8
On subtracting (4) from (3), When the runners reach the finishing line (or the final post) then
1 1 it is said that these runners finish (or end) the race in dead heat.
2y = ⇒ y = ⇒ SB + SS = 12 ... (6)
6 12 Some Useful Concepts
Subtracting (5) from (6), (i) When it is said that A can give B a startup x metre in y
2 SS = 4 ⇒ SS = 2 metre race, then it means in y metre race B runs x metre
Hence speed of stream = 2 km /h. less than A in the same time.
Illustration 22:  A motor boat takes 12 hours to go downstream (ii) When A beats B by t second in a race of y metre then
and it takes 24 hours to return the same distance. Find the it means B is the loser and A is the winner and when A
ratio of the speed of boat in still water to the speed of stream. reaches the finishing line, B is still some distance back to
Solution:  Distance = Speed × Time A, from which B takes t seconds to cover the remaining
Distance travelled in downstream distance. Hence we can calculate the speed of loser B.
= Distance travelled in upstream (iii) The ratio of speed of the runners is always maintained
throughout the race.
(SB + SS) × 12 = (SB – SS) × 24
Illustration 25:  In 2 km race A gives a startup of 300 m to
⇒ SB + SS = 2 SB – 2 SS
B. Despite this, A wins the race by 400 m. Find the ratio of
SB 3
⇒ 3 SS = SB ⇒ = ⇒ SB : SS = 3 : 1 speed of A and B.
SS 1 Solution:  A and B covers 2000 m and 1300 m respectively in
Hence required ratio = 3 : 1. same time intervals.
Illustration 23:  P, Q, and R are the three towns on the bank Since time period for both runners A and B are the same, hence
of a river which flows uniformly. Q is equidistant from P and ratio of speeds of A and B = 2000 : 1300 = 20 : 13
R. I row from P to Q and back in 10 hours and I can row from
Illustration 26:  In a 2 km race A wins over B by 200 m or 20
P to R in 4 hours. Compare the speed of my boat in still water
seconds. B can give a startup 500 m to C in 2 km race. Find
with that of the river.
out by how much time A will win over C?
(a) 4 : 3 (b) 5 : 3
Solution:
(c) 6 : 5 (d) 7 : 3
Solution: (c) Let the speed of the boat be v1 and the speed of the Ratio of speeds of A and B = 2000 : 1800 = 10 : 9
current be v2 and d be the distance between the cities. Ratio of speeds of B and C = 2000 : 1500 = 4 : 3
d d Ratio of speeds of A, B and C = 2000 : 1800 : 1350
Now, = 4 and =6 200
v1 + v2 v1 − v2 Speed of B = = 10 m/s
v1 + v2 6 20
⇒ = ∴ Speed of C = 7.5 m/s [ Ratio of speed of B to C = 4 :3]
v1 − v2 4
Now C has to cover 650 m in extra time. Therefore, the time
2v1 10 v
or   =  or  1 = 5 : 1 650
2v2 2 v2 taken by C to cover the remaining distance = = 86.7 seconds.
7.5
Required ratio = (5 + 1) : 5 = 6 : 5 Hence, required time = 1 minute 27 second (approx)
Illustration 24: Vikas can row a certain distance downstream
in 6 hours and return the same distance in 9 hours. If the CIRCULAR MOTION
stream flows at the rate of 3 km/h, find the speed of Vikas in
When two bodies start moving from a place on a circular track
still water.
simultaneously in the same direction, the faster body keeps in-
Solution: creasing the distance by which the slower body is behind the faster
By the formula, body. When the distance by which the faster body is in front of
3 (9 + 6) the slower body becomes equal to the circumference of the track,
Vikas’s speed in still water = 15 km/h
9−6 the faster body meets the slower body first time i.e. faster body
comes in line with the slower body.
 248
(i) When two bodies are moving in the opposite directions, their LCM of 40 and 60 = 120 seconds
relative speed is equal to the sum of their individual speeds. Hence A, B and C will meet first time after 120 seconds
(ii) When two bodies are moving in the same direction, their i.e. 2 minutes.
relative speed is equal to the difference of the speeds of (ii) Time taken by A to complete one round on the track
the two bodies. 1200
First Meeting = = 40 seconds
30
(i) Let A and B are two runners. Time taken by B to complete one round on the track
Time taken by A and B to meet for the first time 1200
Circumference of the circular Track = = 20 seconds
= 60
Relative speed Time taken by C to complete one round on the track
(ii) When there are more than two runners, suppose A is the 1200
fastest runner and A meets B first time in time tAB, A meets = = 30 seconds
40
C first time in time tAC, A meets D first time in time tAD
and so on. Then time taken by all of them to meet for the LCM of 40, 20 and 30 = 120
first time is the LCM of tAB, tAC, tAD , etc. Hence A, B and C will meet first time at the starting point after
First Meeting at the Starting Point 120 seconds i.e. 2 minutes.
Let A take, tA time, B takes tB time, C takes tC times and so on, to Illustration 29:  A and B run on a circular track of circum-
complete one round, then the time taken to meet all the runners ference 800 m in the opposite direction. Speeds of A and B
for the first time at the starting point are 50 m/s and 30 m/s respectively. Initially A and B are dia-
= LCM of tA, tB, tC etc. metrically opposite to each other.
Illustration 27: The jogging track in a sports complex is 726 (i) When will they meet for the first time ?
metres in circumference. Pradeep and his wife start from the (ii) What is the ratio of distances covered by each one to
same point and walk in opposite directions at 4.5 km/h and meet for the first time ?
3.75 km/h, respectively. They will meet for the first time in Solution:
(a) 5.5 min (b) 6.0 min (i) Relative speed of A with respect to B = 50 + 30 = 80 m/s
(c) 5.28 min (d) 4.9 min Initially A and B are diametrically opposite to each other
Solution: (c) Let the husband and the wife meet after x minutes means B is 400 m ahead of A in the race.
4500 metres are covered by Pradeep in 60 minutes. 400
4500 Time taken by A to meet B first time = = 5s
In x minutes, he will cover x metres. 80
60 (ii) To meet second time A and B have to cover 800 m
Similarly,
3750 First
In x minutes, his wife will cover x m. meeting point
60
4500 3750
Now,  x+ x = 726
60 60
726 × 60
⇒  x= = 5.28 min
8250 A B
Illustration 28:  A, B and C start running on a circular track
simultaneously from the same place of the circular track at Second
the speed of 30 m/s, 60 m/s and 40 m/s respectively in the same meeting point
direction. The circumference of the track is 1200 m. 800
(i) When will they be together again for the first time ?
Hence time taken to meet second time = = 10 seconds
80
(ii) When will they be together again for the first time at the
starting point?
Solution: CLOCKS
(i) Speed of B is more than speed of A and C. Problems on clocks are based on the movement of the minute
Relative speed of B with respect to A = 60 – 30 = 30 m/s hand and hour hand. We consider the dial of a clock as a circular
Relative speed of B with respect to C = 60 – 40 = 20 m/s track having a circumference of 60 km. minute hand and hour
1200 hand are two runners running with the speed of 60 km/h and
B meets A after every = 40 seconds 5 km/hr respectively in the same direction. Hence relative speed
30
1200 of minute hand with respect to hour hand is 55 km/h. This means
B meets C after every = 60 seconds that for every hour elapsed, the minute hand goes 55 km more
20
than the hour hand.
 249
Degree Concept of a Clock Illustration 30:  Between 5 O' clock and 6 O' clock, when hour
Total angle subtended at the centre of hand and minute hand of a clock overlap each other ?
a clock = 360° Solution:  At 5 O' clock, distance between tips of two hands
12
Angle made by hour hand at the = 25 km
centre = 30° per hour Relative speed = 55 km/h
9 3
Required time to overlap the two hands
= 0.5° per minute
25 km 5
Angle made by minute hand at the 6 = = h
55 km / h 11
centre = 360° per hour
5 × 60
= 6° per minute = min
11
Number of Right Angles and Straight Angles
Formed by Minute Hand and Hour Hand 3 × 60
= 27 min + sec
A right angle is formed by hour hand and minute hand when 11
distance between tip of hour hand and tip of minute hand is = 27 min + 16 sec.
15 km. A straight line is formed by hour hand and minute hand = 27 minutes 16 seconds.
when distance between their tips is 30 km. Illustration 31:  Mrs. Veena Gupta goes for marketing between
A clock makes two right angles in every hour. Thus there are 2 5 P.M. and 6 P.M. When she comes back, she finds that the hour
right angles between marked 1 to 2, 2 to 3, 3 to 4 and so on the dial. hand and the minute hand have interchanged their positions.
Two straight lines are formed by hour hand and minute hand For how much time was she out of her house ?
in every hour. Solution:  Since two hands are interchange their positions, so sum
Thus two straight lines are formed by hour hand and minute of the angles subtended at the centre by hour hand and minute
hand between marked 1 to 2, 2 to 3, 3 to 4 and so on. hand = 360°
(iii) Hour hand and minute hand of a clock are together after Let us suppose that she was out of house
5 for 't ' minutes.
every 65 minutes. So, if hour hand and minute hand of a clock So, the sum of the angles subtended at the
11
5 centre by the hour hand and minute hand =
are meeting in less than 65 minutes, then the clock is running (0.5 × t)° + (6t)°
11
fast and if hour hand and minute hand are meeting in more than  0.5t + 6t = 360
5 ⇒ 6.5t = 360 ⇒ t = 55.4 (app.)
65 minutes,then clock is running slow.
11 Hence required time = 55.4 minutes.
 249

FoundationLevel
1. A certain distance is covered by a train with a certain speed. (a) 11 : 20 (b) 9 : 20
If half the distance is covered in double time, then the ratio (c) 11 : 9 (d) 19 : 20
of this speed to that of the original one is 9. Two runner start running together for a certain distance,
(a) 1 : 4 (b) 4 : 1 one at 8 km/h and another at 5 km/h. The former arrives
(c) 1 : 2 (d) 2 : 1 one and half an hour, before the latter. The distance (in km)
2. A man makes his upward journey at 16 km/h and downward is:
journey at 28 km/h. What is his average speed ? (a) 12 (b) 20
(a) 32 km/h (b) 56 km/h (c) 25 (d) 36
(c) 20.36 km/h (d) 22 km/h 10. A can complete a journey in 10 hours. He travels first half
3. Sound is said to travel in air at about 1100 feet per second. of the journey at the rate of 21 km/hr and second half at the
11 rate of 24 km/hr. Find the total journey in km.
A man hears the axe striking the tree, seconds after he
5 (a) 220 km (b) 224 km
sees it strike the tree. How far is the man from the wood (c) 230 km (d) 234 km
chopper? 11. A train is moving at a speed of 132 km/h. If the length of
(a) 2197 ft (b) 2420 ft the train is 110 metres, how long will it take to cross a
(c) 2500 ft (d) 2629 ft railway platform, 165 metres long ?
4. A salesman travels a distance of 50 km in 2 hours and 30 (a) 5 s (b) 7.5 s
minutes. How much faster, in kilometres per hour, on an (c) 10 s (d) 15 s
5 12. A person travels equal distances with speeds of 3km/hr,
average, must he travel to make such a trip in hour less
6 4 km/hr and 5km/hr and takes a total time of 47 minutes.
time?
The total distance (in km) is:
(a) 10 (b) 20 (a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 30 (d) None of these (c) 4 (d) 5
5. Two persons A and B started from two different places 13. A and B travel the same distance at 9 km/h and 10 km/h
towards each other. If the ratio of their speed be 3 : 5, then
respectively. If A takes 20 minutes longer than B, the distance
what is the ratio of distance covered by A and B respectively
travelled by each is:
till the point of meeting?
(a) 16 (b) 20
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 3 : 4
(c) 30 (d) None of these
(c) 3 : 5 (d) 5 : 3
14. A passenger train takes two hours less for a journey of 300
6. If a man travels at 30 km/h, he reaches his destination late
km if its speed is increased by 5 km/h from its normal speed.
by 10 minutes but if he travels at 42 km/h then he reaches
The normal speed of the train is
10 minutes earlier. The distance travelled by him is
(a) 35 km/h (b) 50 km/h
(a) 30 km (b) 35 km
(c) 25 km/h (d) 30 km/h
(c) 45 km (d) 36 km
15. A gun is fired at a distance of 3.32 km from Chauhan. He
7. Two trains each of 120 m in length, run in opposite directions
hears its sound 10 seconds later. Find the speed of the sound.
with a velocity of 40 m/s and 20 m/s respectively. How
(a) 301 m/s (b) 302 m/s
long will it take for the tail ends of the two trains to meet
each other during the course of their journey? (c) 332 m/s (d) 340 m/s
(a) 20 s (b) 3 s 16. A walks around a circular field at the rate of one round per
(c) 4 s (d) 5 s hour while B runs around it at the rate of six rounds per
8. Two trains starting at the same time from two stations, 200 hour. They start in the same direction from the same point
km apart and going in opposite directions, cross each other at at 7.30 a.m. They shall first cross each other at:
a distance of 110 km from one of them. What is the ratio of (a) 7.42 a.m. (b) 7.48 a.m.
their speeds? (c) 8.10 a.m. (d) 8.30 a.m.
 250
17. A car driver travels from the plains to a hill station, which 26. A train 300 m long is running at a speed of 90 km/hr. How
are 200 km apart at an average speed of 40 km/h. In the many seconds will it take to cross a 200 m long train
return trip he covers the same distance at an average speed running in the opposite direction at a speed of 60 km/hr ?
of 20 km/h. The average speed of the car over the entire 1
distance of 400 km is (a) 7 (b) 60
5
(a) 16.56 km/h (b) 17.89 km/h (c) 12 (d) 20
(c) 26.67 km/h (d) 35 km/h 27. A boat travels upstream from B to A and downsteam from A
18. Two trains of equal lengths are running on parallel tracks in to B in 3 hours. If the speed of the boat in still water is
the same direction at 46 km/h and 36 km/h, respectively. 9 km/hr and the speed of the current is 3 km/hr, the distance
The faster train passes the slower train in 36 sec. The length between A and B is
of each train is (a) 4 km (b) 8 km
(a) 50 m (b) 80 m (c) 6 km (d) 12 km
(c) 72 m (d) 82 m 28. A motor boat can travel at 10 km/h in still water. It traveled
19. In a 800 m race around a stadium having the circumference 91 km downstream in a river and then returned, taking
of 200 m, the top runner meets the last runner on the 5th altogether 20 hours. Find the rate of flow of the river.
minute of the race. If the top runner runs at twice the speed (a) 6 km/hr (b) 5 km/hr
of the last runner, what is the time taken by the top runner (c) 8 km/hr (d) 3 km/hr
to finish the race ? 29. Two men starting from the same place walk at the rate of
(a) 20 min (b) 15 min 5 km/h and 5.5 km/h respectively. What time will they take
(c) 10 min (d) 5 min to be 8.5 km apart, if they walk in the same direction?
20. Excluding stoppages, the speed of a train is 45 km/h and (a) 16 h (b) 8 h 30 min
including stoppages, it is 36 km/h. For how many minutes (c) 4h / 5min (d) 17 h
does the train stop per hour ? 30. Speed of a boat in standing water is 9 km/h and the speed of
(a) 10 min. (b) 12 min. the stream is 1.5 km. A man rows to a place at a distance of
(c) 15 min. (d) 18 min. 105 km and comes back to the starting point. The total time
21. The driving wheel of a locomotive engine, 2.1 m in radius, taken by him is
makes 75 revolutions in one minute. Find the speed of the (a) 20 h (b) 18 h
train in km/h. (c) 16 h (d) 24 h
(a) 60 km/h (b) 59.4 km/h 31. An aeroplane travels distances 2500 km, 1200km and
(c) 61.5 km/h (d) None of these 500km at the rate of 500 km/hr, 400 km/hr, and 250 km/hr,
22. A train covers 180 km distance in 4 hours. Another train respectively. The average speed is
covers the same distance in 1 hour less. What is the differ- (a) 420 km/hr (b) 405 km/hr
ence in the distances covered by these trains in one hour ? (c) 410 km/hr (d) 575 km/hr
(a) 45 km (b) 9 km 32. There are 20 poles with a constant distance between each
(c) 40 km (d) None of these pole. A car takes 24 seconds to reach the 12th pole . How
23. Speed of a speed-boat when moving in the direction paral- much time will it take to reach the last pole?
lel to the direction of the current is 16 km/hr. Speed of the (a) 25.25 s (b) 17.45 s
current is 3 km/hr. So the speed of the boat against the cur- (c) 35.75 s (d) 41.45 s
rent will be (in km/hr) 33. A man walks half of the journey at 4 km/h by cycle does
(a) 22 (b) 9.5 one third of journey at 12 km/h and rides the remainder
(c) 10 (d) None of these journey in a horse cart at 9 km/h, thus completing the whole
24. A plane left 30 minutes later than the scheduled time and in journey in 6 hours and 12 minutes. The length of the journey
order to reach the destination 1500 km away in time, it had is
to increase the speed by 250 km/h from the usual speed.
1332
Find its usual speed. (a) 36 km (b) km
(a) 720 km/h (b) 740 km/h 67
(c) 730 km/h (d) 750 km/h (c) 40 km (d) 28 km
25. Two trains are 2 km apart and their lengths are 200 m and 34. A train covers 180 km distance in 4 hours. Another train
300 m. They are approaching towards each other with a covers the same distance in 1 hour less. What is the
speed of 20 m/s and 30 m/s, respectively. After how much difference in the distances covered by these trains in one
time will they cross each other ? hour ?
(a) 50 s (b) 100 s (a) 45 km (b) 9 km
(c) 25/3 s (d) 150 s (c) 40 km (d) None of these
 251
35. A man rows to a place 60 km distance and back in 13 hours 44. Ravi travels 300 km partly by train and partly by car. He
30 minutes. He finds that he can row 5 km with the stream takes 4 hours to reach. If he travels 60 km. by train and rest
in the same time as he can row 4 km against the stream. by car. He will take 10 minutes more if he were to travel
Find the rate of the stream. 100 km by train and rest by car. The speed of the trian is :
(a) 5 km/hr (b) ½ km/hr (a) 50 km/hr (b) 60 km/hr
(c) 10 km/hr (d) 1 km/hr (c) 100 km/hr (d) 120 km/hr
36. A boat goes 24 km upstream and 28 km downstream in 6 45. R and S start walking each other at 10 AM at the speeds of
hours. It goes 30km upstream and 21 km downstream in 6 3 km/hr and 4 km/hr respectively. They were initially 17.5
hours and 30 minutes. The speed of the boat in still water km apart. At what time do they meet?
is : (a) 2 : 30 PM (b) 11 : 30 AM
(a) 10 km/h (b) 4 km/h (c) 1 : 30 PM (d) 12 : 30 PM
(c) 14 km/h (d) 6km/h 46. A person travels from P to Q at a speed of 40 kmph and
37. Two trains for Mumbai leave Delhi at 6 a.m. and 6 : 45 am returns by increasing his speed by 50%. What is his average
and travel at 100 kmph and 136 kmph respectively. How speed for both the trips?
many kilometres from Delhi will the two trains be together (a) 36 kmph (b) 45 kmph
(a) 262.4 km (b) 260 km (c) 48 kmph (d) 50 kmph
(c) 283.33 km (d) 275 km 47. A car travels first half distance between two places with a
38. Two points A and B are located 48 km apart on the riverfront. speed of 40 km/h and the rest of the half distance with a
A motorboat must go from A to B and return to A as soon as speed of 60 km/h. The average speed of the car is
possible. The river flows at 6 km/h. What must be the least (a) 48 km/h (b) 37 km/h
speed of the motorboat in still water for the trip from A to B (c) 44 km/h (d) None of these
and back again to be completed in not more than six hours 48. Two cyclists start on a circular track from a given point but
(assume that the motorboat does not stop at B)? in opposite directions with speeds of 7 m/sec and 8 m/sec
(a) 18 km/h (b) 16 km/h respectively. If the circumference of the circle is 300 metres,
(c) 25 km/h (d) 46 km/h after what time will they meet at the starting point ?
39. A 200 m-long train passes a 350 m long platform in 5 s. If a (a) 100 sec (b) 20 sec
man is walking at a speed of 4 m/s along the track and the (c) 300 sec (d) 200 sec
train is 100 m away from him, how much time will it take to 49. If a trian runs at 40 kmph, it reaches its destination late by
reach the man? 11 minutes but if it runs at 50 kmph, it is late by 5 minutes
(a) Less than 1 s (b) 1.04 s only. The correct time for the train to complete its journey
(c) More than 2s (d) Data insufficient is:
40. A clock gains 15 minutes per day. It is set right at 12 noon. (a) 13 min. (b) 15 min.
What time will it show at 4.00 am, the next day? (c) 19 min. (d) 21 min.
(a) 4 : 10 am (b) 4 : 45 am 50. A man while returning from his factory, travels 2/3 of the
(c) 4 : 20 am (d) 5 : 00 am 3
41. During a journey of 80 km a train covers first 60km with a distance by bus and of the rest by car, and the remaining
4
speed of 40 km/h and completes the remaining distance with
by foot. If he travels 2 km on foot, find the distance covered
a speed of 20 km/h. What is the average speed of the train
by him.
during the whole journey?
(a) 24 km (b) 22 km
(a) 30 km/h (b) 32 km/h (c) 28 km (d) 26 km
(c) 36 km/h (d) 40 km/h 51. A car driver, driving in a fog, passes a pedestrian who was
42. A travels from B to C, a distance of 250 miles, in 5.5 hours. walking at the rate of 2 km/hr in the same direction. The
He returns to B in 4 hours 40 minutes. His average speed is pedestrian could see the car for 6 minutes and it was visible
(a) 44 (b) 46 to him up to a distance of 0.6 km. What was the speed of
(c) 48 (d) 50 the car?
43. A race course is 400 metres long. A and B run a race and A (a) 15 km/hr (b) 30 km/hr
wins by 5 metres. B and C run over the same course and B (c) 20 km/hr (d) 8 km/hr
wins by 4 metres. C and D run over it and D wins by 16 52. A constable is 114 meters behind a thief. The constable runs
metres. If A and D run over it, then who would win and by 21 meters per minute and the thief runs 15 meters in a
how much ? minute. In what time will the constable catch the thief ?
(a) A by 8.4 metres (b) D by 8.4 metres (a) 19 minutes (b) 18 minutes
(c) D by 7.3 metres (d) A by 7.3 metres (c) 17 minutes (d) 16 minutes
 252
53. Bombay Express left Delhi for Bombay at 14.30 hrs, (a) 48 min. (b) 50 min.
travelling at a speed of 60 kmph and Rajdhani Express left (c) 45 min. (d) 55 min.
Delhi for Bombay on the same day at 16.30 hrs, travelling 57. One-fourth of a certain journey is covered at the rate of
at a speed of 80 kmph. How far away from Delhi will the 25 km/h, one-third at the rate of 30 km/h and the rest at
two trains meet? 50 km/h. Find the average speed for the whole journey.
(a) 120 km (b) 360 km (a) 600/53 km/h (b) 1200/53 km/h
(c) 480 km (d) 500 km (c) 1800/53 km/h (d) 1600/53 km/h
54. A person can swim at a speed of 9 km per hour in still water.
58. A railway passenger counts the telegraph poles on the rail
If the speed of the stream is 6 km per hour, then how long
road as he passes them. The telegraph poles are at a distance
does he take to swim up to a distance of 9 km and return at
of 50 meters. What will be his count in 4 hours if the speed
the starting point?
1 of the train is 45 km per hour?
(a) 2 hours (b) 2 hours (a) 2500 (b) 600
2
3 (c) 3600 (d) 5000
3
(c) 3 hours (d) 3 hours 59. A long distance runner runs 9 laps of a 400 metres track
5 4
everyday. His timings (in minutes) for four consecutive days
55. A thief goes away with a Maruti car at a speed of 40 km/h.
are 88, 96, 89 and 87 resplectively. On an average, how
The theft has been discovered after half an hour and the
many metres/minute does the runner cover ?
owner sets off in another car at 50 km/h. When will the
owner overtake the thief from the start. (a) 40 m/min (b) 45 m/min
1 (c) 38 m/min (d) 49 m/min
(a) 2 hours (b) 2 hr 20 min 60. A dog starts chasing to a cat 2 hours later. It takes 2 hours
2
(c) 1 hr 45 min (d) cannot be determined to dog to catch the cat. If the speed of the dog is 30 km/h,
56. A man is walking at a speed of 10 km per hour. After every what is the speed of cat?
kilometre, he takes rest for 5 minutes. How much time will (a) 10 km/h (b) 15 km/h
he take to cover a distance of 5 kilometres? (c) 20 km/h (d) Can’t be determined
 253

StandardLevel
1. A and B can run 200 m in 22 seconds and 25 seconds, 60 km/hr. The average speed of the car for the whole journey
respectively. How far is B from the finishing line when A is
reaches in ? (a) 18 km/hr (b) 24 km/hr
(a) 8 m (b) 12 m (c) 30 km/hr (d) 36 km/hr
(c) 16 m (d) 24 m 9. A train starts from Delhi at 6 : 00 AM and reaches Ambala
2. If a man walks at the rate of 5 kmph, he misses a train by 7 Cantt at 10 AM. The other train starts from Ambala Cantt at
minutes. However, if he walks at the rate of 6 kmph, he 8 AM and reaches Delhi at 11:30 PM. If the distance between
reaches the station 5 minutes before the arrival of the train. Delhi and Ambala Cantt. is 200 km, then at what time did
Find the distance covered by him to reach the station.
the two trains meet each other ?
(a) 4 km (b) 6 km
(a) 8 : 56 AM (b) 8 : 46 AM
(c) 5 km (d) 7 km
(c) 7 : 56 AM (d) 8 : 30 AM
3. The speed of a car increases by 2 kms after every one hour.
10. Rahul can row a certain distance downstream in 6 hours
If the distance travelled in the first one hour was 35 kms,
and return the same distance in 9 hours. If the speed of Rahul
what was the total distance travelled in 12 hours?
in still water is 12 km/hr, find the speed of the stream.
(a) 456 kms (b) 482 kms
(a) 2 km/hr (b) 2.4 km/hr
(c) 552 kms (d) None of these
4. It takes eight hours for a 600 km journey, if 120 km is done (c) 3 km/hr (d) Data inadequate
by train and the rest by car. It takes 20 minutes more, if 200 11. A man can row 4.5 km/hr in still water and he finds that it
km is done by train and the rest by car. The ratio of the takes him twice as long to row up as to row down the river.
speed of the train to that of the speed of the car is Find the rate of the stream.
(a) 4 : 3 (b) 3 : 4 (a) 1.5 km/hr (b) 2 km/hr
(c) 3 : 2 (d) 2 : 3 (c) 2.5 km/hr (d) 1.75 km/hr
5. Wheels of diameters 7 cm and 14 cm start rolling simulta- 12. A man sitting in a train travelling at the rate of 50 km/hr
neously from X and Y which are 1980 cm apart towards observes that it takes 9 sec for a goods train travelling in the
each other in opposite directions. Both of them make the opposite direction to pass him. If the goods train is 187.5 m
same number of revolutions per second. If both of them long, find its speed.
meet after 10 seconds, the speed of the smaller wheel is (a) 40 km/hr (b) 25 km/hr
(a) 22 cm/s (b) 44 cm/s (c) 35 km/hr (d) 36 km/hr
(c) 66 cm/s (d) 132 cm/s 13. Two trains are moving in opposite directions at speeds of
6. A person has to cover a distance of 6 km in 45 minutes, If 60 km/hour and 90 km/hour. Their lengths are 1.10 km and
he covers one-half of the distance in two-thirds of the total 0.9 km respectively. The time taken by the slower train to
time; to cover the remaining distance in the remaining time,
cross the faster train in seconds is
his speed (in km/hr) must be:
(a) 36 (b) 49
(a) 6 (b) 8
(c) 12 (d) 15 (c) 45 (d) 48
7. An aeroplane first flew with a speed of 440 km/h and cov- 14. A is twice as fast as B and B is trice as fast as C is the
ered a certain distance. It still had to cover 770 km less than journey covered by C in 1½ hours will be covered by A in
what it had already covered, but it flew with a speed of 660 (a) 15 minutes (b) 2 minutes
km/h. The average speed for the entire flight was 500 km/ (c) 30 minutes (d) 1 hour
h. Find the total distance covered. 15. The distance between two cities A and B is 330 km. A tain
(a) 3250 km (b) 2750 km starts from A at 8 a.m. and travels towards B at 60 km/hr.
(c) 4400 km (d) 1375 km Another train starts from B at 9 a.m. and travels towards A
8. A car travels the first one-third of a certain distance with a at 75 km/hr. At what time do they meet?
speed of 10 km/hr, the next one-third distance with a speed (a) 10 a.m. (b) 10.30 a.m.
of 20 km/hr, and the last one-third distance with a speed of (c) 11 a.m. (d) 11.30 a.m.
 254
16. A and B run a 5 km race on a round course of 400 m. If their travel in the same direction, they meet in 7 hours. But if
speeds be in the ratio 5 : 4, how often does the winner pass they travel towards each other, they meet in one hour. The
the other? speeds of the two cars are, respectively.
(a) 45 and 25 km/h (b) 70 and 10 km/h
1 3
(a) 4 times (b) 2 times (c) 40 and 30 km/h (d) 60 and 40 km/h
2 4
24. A river 3 m deep and 40 m wide is flowing at the rate of 2
1 1 km per hour. How much water (in litres) will fall into the
(c) 3 times (d) 2 times
2 2 sea in a minute?
17. A motorcyclist covered two thirds of a total journey at his (a) 4,00,000 (b) 40,00,000
usual speed. He covered the remaining distance at three (c) 40,000 (d) 4,000
fourth of his usual speed. As a result, he arrived 30 minutes 25. Vinay fires two bullets from the same place at an interval of
later than the time he would have taken at usual speed. 12 minutes but Raju sitting in a train approaching the place
If the total journey was 180 km, the what is his usual hears the second report 11 minutes 30 seconds after the first.
speed? What is the approximate speed of train (if sound travels at
(a) 40 kmph (b) 36 kmph the speed of 330 metre per second)?
(a) 660/23 m/s (b) 220/7 m/s
(c) 30 kmph (d) 32 kmph
(c) 330/23 m/s (d) 110/23 m/s
18. A man can row a certain distance against the stream in six
26. A dog sees a cat. It estimates that the cat is 25 leaps away.
hours. However, he would take two hours less to cover the
The cat sees the dog and starts running with the dog in hot
same distance with the current. If the speed of the current is
pursuit. If in every minute, the dog makes 5 leaps and the
2 kmph, then what is the rowing speed in still water?
cat makes 6 leaps and one leap of the dog is equal to 2 leaps
(a) 10 kmph (b) 12 kmph
of the cat. Find the time in which the cat is caught by the
(c) 14 kmph (d) 8 kmph dog (assume an open field with no trees)
19. If I walk at 4 km/h, I miss the bus by 10 minutes. If I walk (a) 12 minutes (b) 15 minutes
at 5 km/h, I reach 5 minutes before the arrival of the bus. (c) 12.5 minutes (d) None of these
How far I walk to reach the bus stand ? 27. A train of 300 m is travelling with the speed of 45 km/h
(a) 5 km (b) 4.5 km when it passes point A completely. At the same time, a
1 motorbike starts from point A with the speed of 70 km/h.
(c) 5 km / h (d) Cannot be determined
4 When it exactly reaches the middle point of the train, the
20. A man covers a certain distance on a toy train. If the train train increases its speed to 60 km/h and motorbike reduces
moved 4 km/h faster, it would take 30 minutes less. If it its speed to 65 km/h. How much distance will the motorbike
moved 2 km/h slower, it would have taken 20 minutes more. travel while passing the train completely?
Find the distance. (a) 2.52 km (b) 2.37 km
(a) 60 km (b) 58 km (c) 2 km (d) None of these
(c) 55 km (d) 50 km 28. A group of soldiers are marching with a speed of 5 m/s. The
21. An aeroplane flies along the four sides of a square at the distance between the first and the last row of soldiers is 100
speeds of 200, 400, 600 and 800 km/h. Find the average m. A dog starts running from the last row and moves towards
speed of the plane around the field. the first row, turns and comes back to the last row. If the
(a) 384 km/h (b) 370 km/h dog has travelled 400 m, the speed of the dog is
(c) 368 km/h (d) None of these (a) 5 2m s (b) 3 5 m s
22. A thief steals a car at 2 : 30 p.m. and drives it at 60 kmph.
The theft is discovered at 3 p.m. and the owner sets off in (c) 6 5m s (d) 6 2 m s
another car at 75 kmph. When will he overtake the thief ? 29. Ram runs 7/4 times as fast as Sham, If Ram gives Sham a
(a) 4 : 30 p.m. (b) 4 : 45 p.m. start of 300 m, how far must the winning post be if both
(c) 5 p.m. (d) 5 : 15 p.m. Ram and Sham have to end the race at the same time?
23. Points A and B are 70 km apart on a highway. One car starts (a) 1400 m (b) 700 m
form A and the another one from B at the same time. If they (c) 350 m (d) 210 m
 255
30. A watch, which gains time uniformly, was 5 minutes 37. A boat, while going downstream in a river covered a dis-
behind the correct time when it showed 11:55 AM on tance of 50 mile at an average speed of 60 miles per hour.
Monday. It was 10 minutes ahead of the correct time when While returning, because of the water resistance, it took
it showed 06:10 PM on the next day. When did the watch one hour fifteen minutes to cover the same distance . What
show the correct time? was the average speed of the boat during the whole jour-
(a) 6 AM, Tuesday (b) 6 PM, Monday ney?
(c) 2 PM, Tuesday (d) 10 PM, Monday (a) 40 mph (b) 48 mph
31. Pankaj went to the post-office at the speed of 60 km/hr (c) 50 mph (d) 55 mph
while returning for his home he covered the half of the 38. A man takes 5 hour 45 min. in walking to a certian place
distance at the speed of 10 km/hr, but suddenly he realized and riding back. He would have gained 2 hours by riding
that he was getting late so he increased the speed and both ways. The time he would take to walk both ways, is
reached the home by covering rest half of the distance at (a) 3 hrs 45 min (b) 7 hrs 30 min
the speed of 30 km/hr. The average speed of the Pankaj (c) 7 hrs 45 min (d) 11 hrs 45 min
in the whole length of journey is: 39. A boatman rows to a place 45 km distant and back in 20
(a) 5.67 km/hr (b) 24 km/hr hours. He finds that he can row 12 km with the stream in
(c) 22.88 km/hr (d) 5.45 km/hr same time as 4 km against the stream . Find the speed of
32. With an average speed of 40 km/h, a train reaches its the stream.
(a) 3 km/hr (b) 2.5 km/hr
destination in time. If it goes with an average speed of
(c) 4 km/hr (d) Cannot be determined
35 km/h, it is late by 15 minutes. The length of the total
40. A man goes 15 metres due west and then 8 metres due
journey is:
north. How far is he from the starting point?
(a) 40 km (b) 70 km
(a) 19 metres (b) 16 metres
(c) 30 km (d) 80 km
(c) 17 metres (d) 15 metres
33. A student rides on a bicycle at 8 km/h and reaches his school
41. Two trains, 130 m and 110 m long, are going in the same
2.5 minutes late. The next day he increases his speed to 10
direction. The faster train takes one minute to pass the other
km/h and reaches the school 5 minutes early. How far is the
completely. If they are moving in opposite directions, they
school from his house? pass each other completely in 3 seconds. Find the speed of
(a) 1.25 km (b) 8 km each train.
(c) 5 km (d) 10 km (a) 38 m/sec, 36 m/sec (b) 42 m/sec, 38 m/sec
34. Two rockets approach each other, one at 42000 mph and (c) 36 m/sec, 42 m/sec (d) None of these
the other at 18000 mph. They start 3256 miles apart. How 42. A man who can swim 48 m/min in still water swims 200 m
far are they apart (in miles) 1 minute before impact ? against the current and 200 m with the current. If the
(a) 1628 (b) 1000 difference between those two times is 10 minutes, find the
(c) 826 (d) 1200 speed of the current.
35. Two guns were fired form the same place at an interval of (a) 30 m/min (b) 29 m/min
10 minutes and 30 seconds, but a person in the train (c) 31 m/min (d) 32 m/min
approaching the place hears the second shot 10 minutes after 43. A train after travelling 150 km meets with an accident and
the first. The speed of the train (in km/hr), supposing that then proceeds with 3/5 of its former speed and arrives at its
sound travels at 330 metres per second, is destination 8 h late. Had the accident occurred 360 km
(a) 19.8 (b) 58.6 further, it would have reached the destination 4 h late. What
is the total distance travelled by the train?
(c) 59.4 (d) 111.80
(a) 840 km (b) 960 km
36. Train A running at 60 km/h leaves Mumbai for Delhi at 6
(c) 870 km (d) 1100 km
p.m. Train B running at 90 km/h also leaves for Delhi at 9 44. A boy started from his house by bicycle at 10 a.m. at a speed
p.m. Train C leaves Delhi for Mumbai at 9 p.m. If all the of 12 km per hour. His elder brother started after 1 hour 15
three trains meet at the same time between Mumbai and min by scooter along the same path and caught him at 1 : 30
Delhi, then what is the speed of train C, if distance between p.m. The speed of the scooter will be (in km/hr)
Delhi and Mumbai is 1260 km ? (a) 4.5 (b) 36
(a) 60 km/h (b) 90 km/h
2
(c) 120 km/h (d) 135 km/h (c) 18 (d) 9
3
 256
1 52. Mallah can row 40 km upstream and 55 km downstream in
45. A man walks a certain distance and rides back in 6 h. He
4 13 h and 30 km upstream and 44 km downstrean in 10 hours.
3
can walk both ways in 7 h. How long it would take to What is the speed of Mallah in still water?
4
ride both ways ? (a) 6 km/h (b) 12 km/h
1 (c) 3 km/h (d) 8 km/h
(a) 5 hours (b) 4 hours
2 53. A passenger sitting in a train of length 100 m, which is
3
(c) 4 hours (d) 6 hours running with speed of 60 km/h passing through two bridges,
4
46. An accurate clock shows 8 o’clock in the morning. Through notices that he crosses the first bridge and the second bridge
how many degrees will the hour hand rotate when the clock in time intervals which are in the ratio of 7 : 4 respectively.
If the length of first bridge be 280 m, then the length of
shows 2 o’clock in the afternoon?
second bridge is:
(a) 144° (b) 150°
(a) 490 m (b) 220 m
(c) 168° (d) 180° (c) 160 m (d) Can’t be determined
47. Shyam’s house, his office and his gym are all equidistant 54. A man can cross a downstream river by steamer in 40
from each other. The distance between any 2 of them is 4 minutes and same by boat in 1 hour. If the time of crossing
km. Shyam starts walking from his gym in a direction the river in upstream direction by steamer is 50% more than
parallel to the road connecting his office and his house and downstream time by the steamer and the time required by
stops when he reaches a point directly east of his office. He boat to cross the same river by boat in upsteam is 50% more
then reverses direction and walks till he reaches a point than the time required in downstream by boat. What is the
time taken for the man to cross the river downstream by
directly south of his office. The total distance walked by
steamer and then return to same place by boat half the way
Shyam is
and by steamer the rest of the way?
(a) 6 km (b) 9 km (a) 85 min (b) 115 min
(c) 16 km (d) 12 km (c) 120 min (d) 125 min
48. Two cars start at the same time from one point and move 55. A tiger is 50 of its own leaps behind a deer. The tiger takes
along two roads at right angles to each other. Their speeds 5 leaps per minute to the deer’s 4. If the tiger and the deer
are 36 km/hr and 48 km/hr respectivley. After 15 seconds cover 8 m and 5 m per leap respectively, what distance will
the distance between them will be the tiger have to run before it catches the deer?
(a) 400 m (b) 150 m (a) 600 m (b) 700 m
(c) 800 m (d) 1000 m
(c) 300 m (d) 250 m
56. A candle of 6 cm long burns at the rate of 5 cm in 5 h and
49. Ramesh and Somesh are competing in a 100 m race. Initially,
another candle of 8 cm long burns at the rate of 6 cm in 4h.
Ramesh runs at twice the speed of Somesh for the first fifty
What is the time required by each candle to remain of equal
m. After the 50 m mark, Ramesh runs at 1/4th his initial lengths after burning for some hours, when they start to
speed while Somesh continues to run at his original speed. burn simultaneously with uniform rate of burning?
If Somesh catches up with Ramesh at a distance of ‘N’ m (a) 1 h (b) 1.5 h
from the finish line, then N is equal to (c) 2 h (d) None of these
(a) 35 (b) 10 57. Two persons start from the opposite ends of a 90 km straight
(c) 45 (d) None of these track and run to and fro between the two ends. The speed of
50. A, B, and C are three participants in a kilometer race. If A first person is 30 m/s and the speed of other is 125/6 m/s.
They continue their motion for 10 hours. How many times
can give B a start of 40 metres and B can give C a start of 25
they pass each other?
metres, how many metres of a start can A give to C?
(a) 10 (b) 9
(a) 60 m (b) 64 m (c) 12 (d) None of these
(c) 62 m (d) 66 m 58. At what time after 3:10 am, the acute angle made by the
51. A monkey ascends a greased pole 12 metres high. He minute and hour-hand is double to that of a 3:10 am, for the
ascends 2 metres in first minute and slips down 1 metre in first time?
the alternate minute. In which minute, he reaches the top ? (a) 4 h 43 min (b) 3 h 48 min
(a) 21st (b) 22nd 320
(c) 23rd (d) 24th (c) 3h min (d) None of these
11
 257
59. A swiss watch is being shown in a museum which has a (a) 12 : 30 night (b) 12 noon
very peculiar property. It gains as much in the day as it (c) 1 : 30 night (d) 12 night
loses during night between 8 pm to 8 am. In a week how 62. Two ants start simultaneously from two ant holes towards
many times will the clock show the correct time? each other. The first ant covers 8% of the distance between
(a) 6 times (b) 14 times 7
(c) 7 times (d) 8 times the two ant holes in 3 hours, the second ant covered of
120
60. The metro service has a train going from Mumbai to Pune the distance in 2 hours 30 minutes. Find the speed (feet/h)
and Pune to Mumbai every hour, the first one at 6 a.m. The of the second ant if the first ant travelled 800 feet to the
trip from one city to other takes 4½ hours, and all trains meeting point.
travel at the same speed. How many trains will you pass (a) 15 feet/h (b) 25 feet/h
while going from Mumbai to Pune if you start at 12 noon? (c) 45 feet/h (d) 35 feet/h
(a) 8 (b) 10 63. A watch loses 2/3% time during the 1st week and gains
(c) 9 (d) 13 1/3% time during the next week. If on a Sunday noon, it
61. A wall clock gains 2 minutes in 12 hours, while a table showed the right time, what time will it show at noon on the
clock loses 2 minutes in 36 hours; both are set right at noon Saturday after the next.
on Tuesday. The correct time when they both show the same (a) 11 : 26 : 24 a.m. (b) 10 : 52 : 18 a.m.
time next would be (c) 10 : 52 : 48 a.m. (d) 11 : 36 : 24 a.m.
 258

ExpertLevel
1. My Scooty gives an average of 40 kmpl of petrol. But after (c) 6 hours after the start
recent filling at the new petrol pump, its average dropped (d) None of the above
to 38 kmpl. I investigated and found out that it was due to 7. A boat takes 7 hours to go from P to R, through a midpoint
adulterated petrol. Petrol pumps add kerosene, which is 2/3 Q, but it takes 8 hours to go from P to Q, and then return
cheaper than petrol, to increase their profits. Kerosene fromQ to P. How long it would take to go from R to P?
generates excessive smoke and knocking and gives an (a) 7 h (b) 8 h
average of 18 km per 900 ml. If I paid Rs. 30 for a litre of (c) 9 h (d) None of these
petrol, what was the additional amount the pump-owner was 8. A beats B by 100 m in a race of 1200 m and B beats C by
making ? 200 m in a race of 1600 m. Approximately by how many
(a) ` 1.75 (b) ` 1.80 metres can A beat C in a race of 9600 m?
(c) ` 2.30 (d) ` 2 (a) 1600 m (b) 1800 m
2. I have to reach a certain place at a certain time and I find (c) 1900 m (d) 2400 m
that I shall be 15 min too late, if I walk at 4 km an hour, and 9. A gives both B and C a start of 60 m in a 1500 m race.
10 min too soon, if I walk at 6 km an hour. How far have I However, while B finishes with him, C is 15 m behind them
when A and B cross the finishing line. How much start can
to walk?
B give C for the 1500 m race course?
(a) 25 km (b) 5 km
(c) 10 km (d) None of these 6 5
(a) 7 m (b) 15 m
3. On a journey across Bombay, a tourist bus averages 23 8
10 km/h for 20% of the distance, 30 km/h for 60% of it and
20 km/h for the remainder. The average speed for the whole 11 5
(c) 7 m (d) 5 m
journey was 16 24
(a) 10 km/h (b) 30 km/h 10. Due to the technical snag in the signal system two trains
(c) 5 km/h (d) 20 km/h start approaching each other on the same rail track from
4. The average speed of a train in the onward journey is 25% two different stations, 240 km away from each other. When
more than that in the return journey. The train halts for one the two trains at 60 km/h touching each time each train.
hour on reaching the destination. The total time taken for The bird is initially sitting on the top of the engine of one of
the complete to and fro journey is 17 hours, covering a the trains and it moves so till these trains collide. If these
distance of 800 km. The speed of the train in the onward trains collide one and a half hour after the start, then how
journey is: many kilometers bird travels till the time of collision of
(a) 45 km/hr (b) 47.5 km/hr trains?
(c) 52 km/hr (d) 56.25 km/hr (a) 90 km (b) 130 km
5. Pankaj walked at 5 km/h for certain part of the journey and (c) 120 km (d) None of these
then he took an auto for the remaining part of the journey 11. A surveillance plane is moving between two fixed places
travelling at 25 km/h. If he took 10 hours for the entire Pukhwara and Kargil at 120 km/hr. The distance between
journey. What part of journey did he travelled by auto if the two places is 600 km. After 18 hour what will be the distance
average speed of the entire journey be 17 km/h: between the Kargil and its position if it is starts moving
from Pukhwara?
(a) 750 km (b) 100 km
(a) 360 km (b) 300 km
(c) 150 km (d) 200 km
(c) 240 km (d) None of these
6. Train X starts from point A for point B at the same time that
12. There are three runners Tom, Dick and Harry with their
train Y starts from B to A. Point A and B are 300 km apart.
respective speeds of 10 km/h, 20 km/h and 30 km/h. They
The trains are moving at a constant speed atleast at 25 km/
are initially at P and they have to run between the two points
h. The trains meet each other 3 hours after they start. If the
P and Q which are 10 km apart from each other. They start
faster train takes atleast 2 more hours to reach the
their race at 6 am and end at 6 pm on the same day. If they
destination. By which time will the slower train have
run between P and Q without any break, then how many
definitely reached its destination? (Ignoring the length of
times they will be together either at P and Q during the
trains in crossing). given time period?
(a) 4 hours after the start (a) 5 (b) 7
(b) 7.5 hours after the start (c) 4 (d) 12
 259
13. A soldier fired two bullets at an interval of 335 seconds (c) 12 noon, 15 days later
moving at a uniform speed v1. A terrorist who was running (d) 6 am 45 days later
ahead of the soldier in the same direction, hears the two 19. Ramu purchased a second hand swiss watch which is very
shots at an interval of 330 seconds? If the speed of sound is costly. In this watch the minute-hand and hour hand coincide
1188 km/h, then who is the faster and by how much?
3
(a) Soldier, 22 km/h (b) Terrorist, 25 km/h after every 65 minutes. How much time does the watch
(c) Soldier, 18 km/h (d) Terrorist, 20 km/h 11
14. A man goes to the fair in Funcity with his son and faithful lose or gain per day?
dog. Unfortunately man misses his son which he realises (a) 4 min (b) 5 min
20 minutes later. The son comes back towards his home at (c) 4 min, 20 sec (b) None of these
the speed of 20 m/min and man follows him at 40 m/min. 20. Kumbhakarna starts sleeping between 1 am and 2 am and
The dog runs to the son(child) and comes back to the man he wakes up when his watch shows such a time that the two
(father) to show him the direction of his son. It keeps moving hands (i.e., hour-hand and minute-hand) interchanging the
to and fro at 60 m/min between son and father, till the man respective places. He wakes up between 2 am and 3 am on
meets the son. What is the distance travelled by the dog in the same night. How long does he sleep?
direction of the son? 5 10
(a) 800 m (b) 1675 m (a) 55 min (b) 110 min
13 13
(c) 848 m (d) 1000 m
15. A thief sees a jeep at a distance of 250 m, coming towards 6
him at 36 km/h. Thief takes 5 seconds to realise that there is (c) 54 min (d) None of these
13
nothing but the police is approaching him by the jeep and
21. A faulty clock gains 10 minutes every hour. If the time is
start running away from police at 54 km/hr. But police realise
set correctly at 12 Noon on 1st Jan 2010, then how many
after 10 seconds, when the thief starts running away, that
times will its minute-hand and hour-hand meet in the next
he is actually a thief and gives chase at 72 km/h. How long
after thief saw police and catchup with him and what is the 24 hours ?
distance police had to travel to do so? (a) 22 (b) 26
(a) 50 s, 1000 m (b) 65s, 1150 m (c) 24 (d) 25
(c) 65 s, 1300 m (d) 45 s, 1050 m 22. Progressive express left for New Delhi, increasing its
16. In a circus there was a leopard and a tiger walking in the speed in each hour. It started its journey from Lucknow,
two different rings of same radii. There I observed that when but after four hours of its journey it met with accident. Its
7
leopard moved 3 steps, tiger moved 5 steps in the same speed in the fourth hour was times that of the third hour
time, but the distance traversed by leopard in 5 steps is equal 5
10
to the distance traversed by tiger in 4 steps. What is the and the speed in the third hour was times that of the
7
number of rounds that a leopard made when tiger completed 7
second hour and in the second hour it was times that
100 rounds 5
(a) 120 (b) 48 of the first hour. If it would have been travelled with the
(c) 75 (d) None of these half of the speed that of the third hour, then it would have
17. Arti and Barkha start swimming towards each other from gone 160 km less in the same time (i.e., in four hours). The
the deep end and shallow end respectively of a swimming average speed of the train during the journey of 4 hours
pool in Funcity. They start their swimming simultaneously was:
in the length of 300 m pool. The ratio of their speeds is 1 : (a) 50 km/hr (b) 90 km/hr
2 respectively. Each swimmer rests for 6 seconds once she (c) 80 km/hr (d) can't be determined
reaches the other end and starts swimming back. Where 23. Two rifles are fired from the same place at a difference of
will they meet for the second time in the still water of 11 minutes 45 seconds. But a man who is coming towards
swimming pool? the place in a train hears the second sound after 11 minutes.
(a) 30 m from the shallow end Find the speed of train.
(b) at the shallow end (a) 72 km/h (b) 36 km/h
(c) at the depend (c) 81 km/h (d) 108 km/h
(d) can’t be determined 24. Two people A and B start from P and Q (distance = D) at the
18. If the two incorrect watches are set at 12:00 noon at correct same time towards each other. They meet at a point R, which
time, when will both the watches show the correct time for is at a distance 0.4 D from P. They continue to move to and
the first time given that the first watch gains 1 min in 1 hour fro between the two points. Find the distance from point P
and second watch loses 4 min in 2 hours: at which the fourth meeting takes place.
(a) 6 pm, 25 days later (a) 0.8 D (b) 0.6 D
(b) 12:00 noon, 30 days later (c) 0.3 D (d) 0.4 D
 260
25. Two riders on the horseback with a gun and a bullet proof 32. The speeds of three cars are in the ratio 2 : 3: 4. The ratio
shield were moving towards each other at a constant speed between the times taken by these cars to travel the same
of 20 km/h and 5 km/h respectively. When they were 100 distance is
km apart, they started firing bullets at each other at the speed (a) 4: 3: 2 (b) 2: 3: 4
of 10 km/h. When a bullet of rider 1 hits the shield of rider (c) 4: 3: 6 (d) 6: 4: 3
2, rider 2 fires a bullet and the process continues vice versa. 33. Anand travelled 300 km by train and 200 km by taxi. It
Neglecting the time lag at the instant when the bullet hits took him 5 h and 30 min. However, if he travels 260 km by
the shield and the rider fires the shot, find the total distance train and 240 km by taxi, he takes 6 min more. The speed of
covered by all the bullets shot by both the riders. the train is
(a) 50 km (b) 40 km (a) 100 km/h (b) 120 km/h
(c) 25 km (d) None of these (c) 80 km/h (d) 110 km/h
26. A passenger train departs from Ahmedabad at 6 pm for 34. A boat takes 19 h for travelling downstream from point A
Bombay. At 9 p.m. an express train, whose average speed to point B and coming back to a point C midway between A
exceeds that of the passenger train by 15 km/h, leaves and B. If the velocity of the stream is 4 km/h and the speed
Bombay for Ahmedabad. Two trains meet each other mid- of the boat in still water is 14 km/h, what is the distance
route. At what time do they meet, given that the distance between A and B?
between the cities is 1080 km? (a) 200 km (b) 180 km
(a) 4 pm (b) 2 pm (c) 160 km (d) 220 km
(c) 12 midnight (d) 6 am 35. A car travels 25 km/h faster than a bus for a journey of 500
27. A car covers a distance of 715 km at a constant speed. If the km. If the bus takes 10 h more than the car, then the speeds
speed of the car had been 10 km/h more, then it would have of the car and the bus are
taken 2 h less to cover the same distance. What is the original (a) 25 km/h and 40 km/h (b) 50 km/h and 25 km/h
speed of the car? (c) 25 km/h and 60 km/h (d) None of these
(a) 55 km/h (b) 50 km/h 36. Speed of a speed-boat when moving in the direction
perpendicular to the direction of the current is 16 km/h.
(c) 45 km/h (d) 65 km/h
Speed of the current is 3 km/h. So the speed of the boat
28. A train leaves station X at 5 a.m. and reaches station Y at 9 against the current will be (in km/h)
a.m. Another train leaves station Y at 7 a.m. and reaches (a) 22 (b) 9.5
station X at 10: 30 a.m. At what time do the two trains cross (c) 10 (d) None of these
each other ? 37. Two ants start simultaneously from two ant holes towards
(a) 7 : 36 am (b) 7 : 56 am each other. The first ant coveres 8% of the distance between
(c) 8 : 36 am (d) 8 : 56 am 7
29. A train covered a certain distance at a uniform speed. If the the two ant holes in 3 hours, the second ant covered of
120
train had been 6 km/h faster, then it would have taken 4 the distance in 2 hours 30 minutes. Find the speed (feet/h)
hours less than the scheduled time. And, if the train were of the second ant if the first ant travelled 800 feet to the
slower by 6 km/h, then the train would have taken 6 hours meeting point.
more than the scheduled time. The length of the journey is (a) 15 feet/h (b) 25 feet/h
(a) 700 km (b) 740 km (c) 45 feet/h (d) 35 feet/h
(c) 720 km (d) 760 km 38. Two Indian tourists in the US cycled towards each other,
1 one from point A and the other from point B. The first tourist
30. A man swimming in a stream which flows 1 km/hr., finds left point A 6 hrs later than the second left point B, and it
2
that in a given time he can swim twice as far with the stream turned out on their meeting that he had travelled 12 km less
as he can against it. At what rate does he swim? than the second tourist. After their meeting, they kept cycling
with the same speed, and the first tourist arrived at B 8 hours
1 1 later and the second arrived at A 9 hours later. Find the speed
(a) 5 km/hr (b) 4 km/hr
2 2 of the faster tourist.
(a) 4 km/h (b) 6 km/h
1 (c) 9 km/h (d) 2 km/h
(c) 7 km/hr (d) None of these
2 39. A motorcyclist left point A for point B. Two hours later,
31. In a 400 metres race, A gives B a start of 5 seconds and another motorcyclist left A for B and arrived at B at the
beats him by 15 metres. In another race of 400 metres, A same time as the first motorcyclist. Had both motorcyclists
started simultaneously from A and B travelling towards each
1
beats B by 7 seconds. Find their speeds. other, they would have met in 80 minutes. How much time
7 did it take the faster motorcyclist to travel from A to B?
(a) 8 m/sec, 7m/sec (b) 7 m/sec, 6 m/sec (a) 6 hours (b) 3 hours
(c) 6 m/sec, 5 m/sec (d) 5 m/sec, 4 m/sec (c) 2 hours (d) 4 hours

40. Shaurya and Arjit take a straight route to the same terminal
point and travel with constant speeds. At the initial moment,
the positions of the two and the terminal point form an
equilateral triangle. When Arjit covered a distance of 80
km, the triangle become right-angled. When Arjit was at a 43.
distance of 120 km from the terminal point, the Shaurya
arrived at the point. Find the distance between them at the
initial moment assuming that there are integral distances
throughout the movements described.
(a) 300 km (b) 240 km
(c) 200 km (d) 225 km
41. Three cars started simultaneously from Ajmer to Benaras
along the same highway. The second car travelled with a
speed that was 10 km/h higher than the first car’s speed and
arrived at Benaras 1 hour earlier than the first car. The third
car arrived at Benaras 33.33 minutes earlier than the first
car, travelling half the time at the speed of the first car and 44.
the other half at the speed of the second car. Find the total
distance covered by these three cars during their journey
between Ajmer and Benaras.
(a) 360 km (b) 600 km
(c) 540 km (d) 840 km
42. Two towns are at a distance of 240 km from each other. A
motorist takes 8 hours to cover the distance if he travels at
a speed of V0 km/h from town A to an intermediate town C,
and then continues on his way with an acceleration of x
km/hr 2. He needs the same time to cover the whole distance
if he travels from A to C at V0 km/h and from C to B at V1
km/h or from A to C at V1 km/h from C to B at V0 km/h.
261
Find V0 if the acceleration ‘x’ is double V0 in magnitude
and V0 ¹ V1.
(a) 15 km/h (b) 10 km/h
(c) 20 km/h (d) 8 km/h
A pedestrian and a cyclist left Nagpur for Buti Bori at the
same time. Having reached Buti Bori, the cyclist turned back
and met the pedestrian an hour after the start. After their
meeting, the pedestrian continued his trip to Buti Bori and
cyclist turned back and also headed for Buti Bori. Having
reached Buti Bori, the cyclist turned back again and met
the pedestrian 30 mins after their first meeting. Determine
what time it takes the pedestrian 30 mins after their first
meeting. Determine what time it takes the pedestrian to cover
the distance between Nagpur and Buti Bori.
(a) 1 hour (b) 2 hours
(c) 2.5 hours (d) 3 hours
Two people started simultaneously form points A and B
towards each other. At the moment the person who started
from A had covered two-thirds of the way, the other person
had covered 2 km less than half the total distance. If it is
known that when the person who started from B had covered
1/4 of the way, the other person was 3 km short of the mid
point. Find the distance between A and B. The speeds of the
two people were constant.
(a) (15 - 3 17 ) km (b) (15 + 3 17 ) km
(c) Both (a and b) (d) 3 17 - 5km

TestYour
self
1. A racetrack is in the form of a right triangle. The longer of
the legs of the track is 2 km more than the shorter of the
legs (both these legs being on a highway). The start and
end points are also connected to each other through a side
road. The escort vehicle for the race took the side road and
rode with a speed of 30 km/h and then covered the two
intervals along the highway during the same time with a
speed of 42 km/h. Find the length of the racetrack.
(a) 14 km (b) 10 km
(c) 24 km (d) 36 km
2. Two trains 137 metres and 163 metres in length are running
towards each other on parallel lines, one at the rate of 42
kmph and another at 48 kmph. In what time will they be
clear of each other from the moment they meet?
(a) 10 sec (b) 12 sec
(c) 14 sec (d) cannot be determined
3. Two planes move along a circle of circumference 1.2 km
with constant speeds. When they move in different
directions, they meet every 15 seconds and when they move
in the same direction, one plane overtakes the other every
60 seconds. Find the speed of the slower plane.
(a) 0.04 km/s (b) 0.03 km/s
(c) 0.05 km/s (d) 0.02 km/s
4. An ant moved for several seconds and covered 3 mm in the
first second and 4 mm more in each successive second than
in its predecessor. If the ant had covered 1 mm in the first
second and 8 mm more in each successive second, then the
difference between the path it would cover during the same
time and the actual path would be more than 6 mm but less
than 30 mm. Find the time for which the ant moved (in
seconds)
(a) 5 s (b) 4 s
(c) 6 s (d) 2 s
5. A train leaves station X at 5 a.m. and reaches station Y at 9
a.m. Another train leaves station Y at 7 a.m. and reaches
station X at 10: 30 a.m. At what time do the two trains cross
each other ?
(a) 7 : 36 am (b) 7 : 56 am
(c) 8 : 36 am (d) 8 : 56 am
6. Rahim sets out to cross a forest. On the first day, he
completes 1/10th of the journey. On the second day, he
covers 2/3rd of the distance travelled the first day. He
continues in this manner, alternating the days in which he
travels 1/10th of the distance still to be covered, with days
on which he travels 2/3 of the total distance already covered.
At the end of seventh day, he finds that 22½ km more will
see the end of his journey. How wide is the forest?
262
(a) 66 2 3 km (b) 100 km
(c) 120 km (d) 150 km
7. Two ducks move along the circumference of a circular pond
in the same direction and come alongside each other every
54 minutes. If they moved with the same speeds in the
opposite directions, they would meet every 9 minutes. It is
known that when the ducks moved along the circumference
in opposite directions, the distance between them decreased
from 54 to 14 feet every 48 seconds. What is the speed of
the slower duck?
(a) 20 feet/min (b) 15 feet/min
(c) 30 feet/min (d) 20.83 feet/min
8. An athlete runs to and fro between points A and B at a
speed of 10 km/h. A second athlete simultaneously runs
from point B to A and back at a speed of 15 km/h. If they
cross each other 12 min after the start, after how much time
will they cross each other?
(a) 18 min (b) 24 min
(c) 36 min (d) 48 min
9. A train’s journey is disrupted due to an accident on its track
after it has travelled 30 km. Its speed then comes down to
4/5th of its original and consequently it runs 45 min late.
Had the accident taken place 18 km farther away, it would
have been 36min late. Find the original speed of the train.
(a) 25 km/h (b) 36 km/h
(c) 30 km/h (d) 20 km/h
10. A tank of 4800 m3 capacity is full of water. The discharging
capacity of the pump is 10 m3/min higher than its filling
capacity. As a result the pump needs 16 min less to discharge
the fuel than to fill up the tank. Find the filling capacity of
the pump.
(a) 50 m3/min (b) 25 m3/min
(c) 55 m3/min (d) 24 m3/min
11. Karan and Arjun run a 100-metre race, where Karan beats
Arjun by 10 metres. To do a favour to Arjun, Karan starts
10 metres behind the starting line in a second 100-metre
race. They both run at their earlier speeds. Which of the
following is true in connection with the second race?
(a) Karan and Arjun reach the following line
simultaneously
(b) Arjun beats Karan by 1 metre
(c) Arjun beats Karan by 11 metre
(d) Karan beats Arjun by 1 metre
12. A train X departs from station A at 11.00 am for station B,
which is 180 km away. Another train Y departs from station
B at 11.00 am for station A. Train X travels at an average
speed of 70 kms/hr and does not stop any where until it

arrives at station B. Train Y travels at an average speed of
50 kms/hr, but has to stop for 15 minutes at station C, which
is 60 kms away from station B enroute to station A. Ignoring
the lengths the train , what is the distance , to the nearest
km, from station A to the point where the trains cross each
other?
(a) 112 (b) 118
(c) 120 (d) None of these
13. The vehicle of Mr. Ghosh needs 30% more fuel at the speed
of 75 kmph than it needs at the speed of 50 kmph. At a speed
of 50 kmph, Mr. Ghosh can go to a distance of 195 kms. At
the speed of 75 kmph, he will able to travel a distance of
(a) 120 kms (b) 150 kms
(c) 160 kms (d) 140 kms
14. I started climbing up the hill at 6 am and reached the temple
at the top at 6 pm. Next day I started coming down at 6 am
and reached the foothill at 6 pm. I walked on the same road.
263
The road is so short that only one person can walk on it.
Although I varied my pace on my way, I never stopped on
my way. Then which of the following must be true
(a) My average speed downhill was greater than that uphill
(b) At noon, I was at the same spot on both the days.
(c) There must be a point where I reached at the same
time on both the days.
(d) There cannot be a spot where I reached at the same
time on both the days.
15. In a watch, the minute hand crosses the hour hand for the
third time exactly after every 3 hrs., 18 min., 15 seconds of
watch time. What is the time gained or lost by this watch in
one day?
(a) 14 min. 10 seconds lost
(b) 13 min. 44 seconds lost
(c) 13min. 20 seconds gained
(d) 14 min. 40 seconds gained
 264

Hints&Solutions

Foundation Level Time taken by trains to cross each other completely

240
1. (a) Let a distance x be covered in time t. = =4s
60
x/2 8. (c) Let the speed of trains be x km/h and y km/h,
1
Required ratio = 2t = = 1 : 4 respectively.
x 4 When the trains cross each other, time taken by both
t the trains will be equal.
2. (c) Let the distance travelled during both upward and 110 90 x 110
i.e. x = y Þ y = x : y = 11: 9
downward journey be x km. 90 Þ
Total distance covered
Average speed = S1S 2
Total time taken 9. (b) Required distance = ´ Time difference
( 1 : S2 )
S
x+ x 2
= = 8´ 5 3
x x 28 + 16 ´ = 20km
+ =
3 2
16 28 28 ´16
10. (b) Let the total distance be x km. Then,
2 ´ 28 ´16
= = 20.36 km / h 1 1
44 x x x x
2 + 2 = 10 Þ + = 20
æ 11ö 21 24 21 24
3. (b) Distance = çè1100 ´ ÷ø feet = 2420 feet.
5
æ 168 ´ 20 ö
Þ 15x = 168 × 20 Þ x = çè ÷ = 224 km.
4. (a) Time required = (2 hrs 30 min – 50 min) = 1hr 40 min 15 ø
2
=1 hrs 132 ´ 5
3 11. (b) Speed of the train = 132 km/h = m /s
18
æ 3ö
\ Required speed = çè 50 ´ ÷ø km/hr = 30 km/hr.. Total Distance = (110 + 165) = 275 m
5
Time required to cross the railway platform
æ 2ö
Original speed = çè 50 ´ ÷ø km/hr = 20 km/hr.. 275 ´ 18
5 = = 7.5 s
132 ´ 5
\ Difference in speed = (30 – 20) km/hr = 10 km/hr.
12. (b) Let the total distance be 3x km.
5. (c) When time is constant the distance covered by A and
B will be in the ratio of their speeds, respectively. x x x 47 47 x 47
6. (b) Let the distance travelled be x km. Then, + + = Û = Û x = 1.
3 4 5 60 60 60
Then, the correct time at a speed of 30 km/h
\ Total distance = (3 × 1) km = 3 km.
x 10
= - and x x 20
30 60 13. (c) - =
9 10 60
x 10 10 x - 9 x 20
the correct time at a speed of 42 km/h = + =
42 60 or,
90 60
x 10 x 10 \ x = 30 km
Now, - = +
30 60 42 60 14. (c) Let the normal speed = x km/h
Then, the new speed = (x + 5) km/h.
x x 2 12 x 2
or - = or = or x = 35 km 300 300 300 300
30 42 6 1260 6 Now, -2 = or - =2
x ( x + 5) x ( x + 5)
7. (c) Relative speed of the trains = (40 + 20) = 60 m/s
Distance = (120 + 120) = 240 m Checking with options, we see that x = 25 km/h.
 265
15. (c) Distance between Chauhan and the gun Difference in the distance covered by these trains in
= 3.32 × 1000 = 3320 m 1 hr. is 15 km.
Time taken = 10 s
23. (c) Speed of speed-boat = 16 – 3 = 13 km/hr.
3320
Þ Speed = = 332 m / s
10 \ Speed of boat against the current = 13 – 3 = 10
16. (a) Since A and B move in the same direction along the km/hr.
circle, so they will first meet each other when there is
a difference of one round between the two. 24. (d) Let the usual speed be x km/hr, then
Relative speed of A and B = (6 – 1) = 5 rounds per
hour. 1500 1500 1
- =
1 x x + 250 2
Time taken to complete one round at this speed =
5
hr = 12 min. Þ x = 750 km/hr
\ They meet at 7:42 a.m.
25. (a) Relative velocity = 20 + 30 = 50 m/s.
Total distance covered
17. (c) Average speed = Distance = 2.5 kms. = 2500 m.
Total time taken
2 ´ 200 2 ´ 40 ´ 20 t = 2500/50 = 50 s.
= =
200 200 40 + 20
+
40 20 26. (c) Relative speed = 90 + 60 = 150 km/hr.

2 ´ 40 ´ 20 80 Total distance to be covered = 300 + 200 = 500

= = = 26.67 km/h.
60 3 m
18. (a) Let the length of each train be x metres.
Then, the total distance covered = (x + x) = 2x m 500
Time required = ´ 3600 = 12 sec.
150 ´1000
10 ´ 5
Relative speed = (46 – 36) = 10 km/h = m/s
18
27. (d) Required distance between A and B
2 x ´ 18
Now, 36 =
50 =
(
3 (9) 2 - (3) 2 ) = 3(81 - 9) = 72 = 12 km.
or x = 50 m 2(9) 18 6
19. (c) After 5 minutes (before meeting), the top runner covers 28. (d) Total distance covered = 2 × 91 km = 182 km
2 rounds i.e., 400 m and the last runner covers 1 round Time taken = 20 hours
i.e., 200 m.
\ Top runner covers 800 m race in 10 minutes. 182
\ Average speed = = 9.1 km / h
20. (b) Due to stoppges the train travels 20
(45 – 36) = 9 km less in an hour than it could have Let the speed of flow of the river = x km/hr
travelled without stoppages.
102 - x 2
then, = 9.1 Þ 100 – 91 = x 2 Þ x = ±3
9 10
Thus train stops per hour for ´ 60 = 12 min.
45 Hence, rate of flow of the river = 3 km/h
21. (b) Distance travelled by the train in 1 hour
22 132 ´ 450 29. (d) Relative speed = 5.5 – 5 = 0.5 km/h.
= 2´ ´ 2.1 ´ 75 ´ 60 m. = = 59.4 km
7 1000 8.5
i.e. speed of the train = 59.4 km/h. Required time = = 17 h
0.5
22. (d) First train’s speed is 45km/hr.
30. (d) Speed of boat in standing water = 9 km/hr
speed of stream = 1.5 km/hr
æ Distance ö
çè Using speed = ÷
Time ø Total time taken by him =
105 105
+
10.5 7.5
Second train’s speed is 60km/hr. = 10 + 14 = 24 h
 266
31. (a) Given, distances are 2500 km, 1200 km and 500 km. 36. (a) Let speed of the boat in still water be x km/h and speed
Given, speeds are 500 km/h, 400 km/h and 250 km/h of the current be y km/h.
2500 1200 500 Then, upstream speed = (x – y) km/h
\ Total time = + + and downstream speed = (x + y) km/h
500 400 250
= 5 + 3 + 2 = 10 hr. 24 28
Now, + =6 …(1)
Total distance ( x - y) ( x + y)
\ Average speed =
Total time 30 21 13
and + = …(2)
2500 + 1200 + 500 4200 ( x - y) ( x + y) 2
= =
10 10 Solving (1) and (2), we have
= 420 km/hr x = 10 km/h and y = 4 km/h
32. (d) Let the distance between each pole be x m. 37. (c) The train that leaves at 6 am would be 75 km ahead of
Then, the distance up to 12th pole = 11 x m the other train when it starts. Also, the relative speed
being 36 kmph, the distance from Mumbai would be
11x
Speed = m/s (75/36) × 136 = 283.33 km
24 38. (a) Solve through options. At 18 kmph the motorboat
Time taken to covers the total distance of 19x would take exactly 6 hours.
19 x ´ 24 39. (a) The train can cover (200 + 350) m distane in five
= = 41.45s
11x seconds which means the speed of the train is 110 m/
33. (a) Let the length of the journey = x km. s. Relative speed of man and trian is 114 m/s. To cover
the distance of 100 metre, it will take less than one
\ Journey rides by horse cart = x æç1 - - ö÷
1 1 second.
è 2 3ø 40. (a) The clock gains 15 min in 24 hours.
Therefore, in 16 hours, it will gain 10 minutes.
1 Hence, the time shown by the clock will be 4.10 am.
= x km.
6 Total distance
41. (b) Average speed =
Then, total time taken to complete journey = 31 hr Total time
5
80 80
31 = 32 km / h
Þ t1 + t 2 + t3 = = 60 20 =
5 + 2.5
40 20
x 1 x 1 x 31 42. (d) Total distance = 250 × 2 = 500 km
Þ ´ + ´ + =
2 4 3 12 6 ´ 9 5 1 2 1
Total time = 5 hrs + 4 hrs = 10 hrs
31 216 2 3 6
Þx= ´ = 36.2km » 36km
5 37 Total distance 500 3000
Average speed = = = hrs
180 180 Total time 1 61
34. (d) Required difference = - = 15 km 10
3 4 6
35. (d) According to question, = 49.18 hours » 50 hours (approx.)
60 60 27 43. (c) The statements in the question can be reformulated as
+ = ...(i) follows:
x+y x-y 2
If A covers 400 m, B covers 395 m.
5 4 If B covers 400 m, C covers 396 m.
=
x+y x-y If D covers 400 m, C covers 384 m.
Therefore, if B covers 395 m, then C will cover,
5x – 5y = 4x + 4y
x = 9y ...(ii) 396
Put this in equation (i) ´ 395 = 391.05 m
400
60 60 27 Again, If C covers 391.05 m, then D will cover
+ =
10y 8y 2
400
´ 391.05 = 407.34 m.
27 27 384
or y= or y = 1km / hr
2 2 Thus, if A and D run over 400 m, then D wins by 7.3 m.
 267
44. (b) Train Car 52. (b) Vrelative = (21 – 15) m/min = 6 m/min
60 km 240 km 4 hr Time taken to catch the thief
+40 + 10 min 114
100 km 200 km 4 hr 10 min = min = 19 minutes
+200 + 10×5 = 50 min 6
300 km 0 km 5 hr 53. (c) Suppose they meet x hours after 14.30 hrs.
300 Then, 60x = 80 (x – 2) or x = 8.
Speed of train = = 60 km/hr
5 \ Required distance = (60 ´ 8) = 480 km.
45. (d) Since they are moving in opposite direction, therefore 54. (c) Total time taken
their relative speed will be 4 + 3 = 7 km/hr. æ 9 9 ö
=ç + ÷ hour
è9+6 9–6ø
Time = d = 17.5 = 2.5hrs.
s 7
æ3 ö 3
(where d is distance and s is speed). = ç + 3 ÷ hours = 3 hours
è5 ø 5
\ They should meet at 12.30 PM.
55. (a) Distance to be covered by the thief and by the owner
46. (c) Speed on return trip = 150% of 40 = 60 kmph.
is same.
æ 2 ´ 40 ´ 60 ö Let after time 't', owner catches the thief.
\ Average speed = çè ÷ km/hr
40 + 60 ø
æ 1ö
\ 40 ´ t = 50 ç t – ÷
æ 4800 ö è 2ø
= çè ÷ km/hr = 48 km/hr..
100 ø 5 1
Þ 10 t = 25 Þ t = hr = 2 hr
2 ´ V1 ´ V2 2 ´ 40 ´ 60 2 2
47. (a) Average speed = = 56. (b) Rest time = Number of rest × Time for each rest
V1 + V2 40 + 60
= 4 × 5 = 20 minutes
= 48 km/h Total time to cover 5 km
48. (c) The speeds of the two cyclists are different Hence,
æ5 ö
when one of the cyclist has covered one round more = ç ´ 60 ÷ minutes + 20 minutes = 50 minutes.
than the other cyclist, only then they will meet at the è 10 ø
starting point. 57. (c) Assume that the distance is 120 km. Hence, 30 km
\ Time when the two cyclists will meet is covered @ 25 kmph, 40@30 kmph and so on. Then
= 300 m × (difference in speeds) average speed is 120/total time
= 300 × (8 – 7) sec = 300 seconds.
120 120 1800
49. (c) Let the correct time to complete the journey be x min. Þ Þ ´ 15 Þ km/h
30 40 50 53 53
Distance covered in (x + 11) min. at 40 kmph + +
= Distance covered in (x + 5) min. at 50 kmph 25 30 50

( x + 11) ( x + 5) 50 1
\ ´ 40 = ´ 50 Û x = 19 min. 58. (c) Time taken to cross a pole = × hr
60 60 1000 45
50. (a) Let x be the total distance.
4×1000 × 45
\ According to the question, \ No. of counts = = 80 × 45 = 3600.
50
1 1 x
Distance covered by him on foot = x´ =
3 4 12 Total distance
59. (a) Average speed =
But given he travels on foot = 2 km Total time

x 400 ´ 4 ´ 9 400 ´ 4 ´ 9
\ = 2 Þ x = 24 km. = =
12 88 + 96 + 89 + 87 360
51. (d) Let speed of car = x km / hr = 40 metres /minutes
Let speed of pedestrian = y = 2km / hr Distance advanced
\ Relative speed = (x – 2) km / hr 60. (b) Time =
Relative speed
\ According to the question, 2´ x
2=
6 (30 - x )
(x – 2) × = 0.6 Þ x – 2 = 6 Þ x = 8 km / h Þ x = 15 km/h
60
 268
Standard Level 6. (c) Remaining distance = 3 km and Remaining time
æ1 ö 1
1. (d) When A covers 200 metres, B covers = çè ´ 45÷ø min = 15 min = hour..
3 4
22 \ Required speed = (3 × 4) km/hr = 12 km/hr.
200 ´ = 176 m 7. (b) Let the aeroplane covers x km at a speed of 440 km/h
25
and (x – 770) km at a speed of 660 km/h.
So, B is (200 – 176) = 24 m far away from the end
Hence, it covers a total distance of (2x – 770) km at a
point when A reaches in. speed of 500 km/h.
2. (b) Let the required distance be x km.
x km (x–770)km
Difference in the times taken at two speeds
1
= 12 min = hr. Total distance
5 Average speed =
Total time
x x 1
\ - = Û 6x – 5x = 6 Û x = 6
5 6 5 2 x - 770
Þ 500 =
Hence, the required distance is 6 km. x x - 770
+
3. (c) Total distance travelled in 12 hours = (35 + 37 + 39 + 440 660
... upto 12 terms).
2 x - 770 x x - 770
This is an A.P. with first term, a = 35, number of terms, or = +
n = 12, common difference. d = 2. 500 440 660
12 or x = 1760
\ Required distance = [2 ´ 35 + (12 - 1) ´ 2] Therefore, the total distance covered = 2x – 770
2
= 6(70 + 22) = 552 km. = 2 × 1760 – 770 = 2750 km
4. (b) Let the speed of the train and the car be 8. (a) Let the whole distance travelled be x km and the
x km/h and y km/h, respectively. average speed of the car for the whole journey be y
km/hr.
120 480
Now, + =8 …(1) ( x / 3) ( x / 3) ( x / 3)
+ +
x
x y Then, =
10 20 60 y
200 400 25 x x x x
and + = …(2) Û + + =
x y 3 30 60 180 y
From (1), 120y + 480x = 8xy and …(3) 1
Û y =1
18
From (2), 200y + 400x =
25
xy …(4) Û y = 18 km/hr.
3 9. (a) Speed of first train = 50 km/hr.
From (3) and (4), 400
120 y + 480 x 3(200 y + 400 x ) Speed of second train = km/hr..
= 7
8 25 At 8:00 AM distance between two trains is 100 kms.
or 15y + 60x = 24y + 48x Relative velocity
x 3
or 12x = 9y or = or x : y = 3 : 4 400 350 + 400 750
y 4 = 50 + = = km / h
7 7 7
5. (c) Circumference of the wheel starting from
100 ´ 7
22 Time taken = ´ 60 = 56 min. Hence, the two
X=2× × 3.5 = 22 cm 750
7
trains meet each other at 8:56 AM.
Circumference of the wheel starting from
10. (b) Let the speed of the stream be x km/hr and distance
22 travelled be S km. Then,
Y=2× × 7 = 44 cm
7 S S
Let both the wheels make n revolutions in one second. = 6 and =9
12 + x 12 – x
Distance covered by both the wheels in 1 sec
12 – x 6
= 22 n + 44 n = 66 n cm Þ = Þ 108 – 9x = 72 + 6x
Þ Distance covered by both the wheels in 12 + x 9
36
10 sec = 660 n cm Þ 15x = 36 Þ x = = 2.4 km/hr.
Now, 660 n = 1980 Þ n = 3 15
11. (a) If the rate of the stream is x, then 2(4.5 – x) = 4.5 + x
Speed of the smaller wheel = 22 n cm/s = 66 cm/s
Þ 9 – 2x = 4.5 + x Þ 3x = 4.5 Þ x = 1.5 km/hr
 269
12. (b) Distance covered = 187.5m, Time = 9 secs 17. (a) Total journey = 180 km
187.5 3600 1 180
Relative speed = ´ = 75 km/hr rd of journey = = 60 km.
9 1000 3 3
As the trains are travelling in opposite directions, speed If usual speed be x kmph, then
of goods train = 75 – 50 = 25 km/hr. 60 60 1
13. (d) Relative speed of both trains = 60 + 90 = 150 km / hr – =
3x x 2
Total distance = 1.10 + 0.9 = 2 km
4
2 ´ 60 ´ 60 80 - 60 1
\ Required time = = 48seconds. 80 60 1
= Þ =
150 Þ –
x x 2 x 2
14. (a) According to question,
Þ x = 40 kmph
A : B : C 18. (a) If the rowing speed in still water be x kmph, and the
distance by y km, then
2 : 1 : y
=6
3 : 1 x–2
Þ y = 6 (x – 2) ...(1)
A : B : C y
and, =4
6 : 3 : 1 ® Ratio of speed x+2
1 1 1 Þ y = 4 (x + 2) ...(2)
: : ® Ratio of time Þ 6 (x – 2) = 4 (x + 2)
6 3 1 Þ x = 10 kmph
1
Since, time µ é difference of time ù
speed 19. (a) d = product of speed ê ú
ë difference of speed û
Þ 1 : 2 : 6
4 ´ 5 é10 – (–5) ù [Here, –ve sign indicates
¯¼ d= ê ú
60 ë 5 – 4 û before the schedule time]
3
Þ d = 5 km
2 20. (a) Let the distance be x km. Let speed of train be y km/h.
\ Time taken by A
Then by question, we have
1 x x 30
= 1 ratio = 1´ = 15 minutes = - ...(1)
4 y + 4 y 60
15. (c) Suppose they meet x hrs after 8 a.m. Then,
x x 20
(Distance moved by first in x hrs) + [Distance moved and = + ...(2)
by second in (x – 1) hrs] = 330 y - 2 y 60
\ 60x + 75 (x – 1) = 330 On solving (1) and (2), we get x = 3y
Þ x=3 Put x = 3y in (1) we get
So, they meet at (8 + 3), i.e. 11 a.m. 3y 1
16. (d) Given, ratio of speeds of A and B is 5 : 4. = 3 - Þ y = 20
y+4 2
\ B makes 4 rounds when A makes 5 rounds.
Hence, distance = 20 × 3 = 60 km.
Now, distance covered by A in 5 rounds
21. (a) Let each side of the square be x km and let the average
æ 400 ö speed of the plane around the field be y km/h. Then,
= ç 5× ÷ = 2km
è 1000 ø x x x x 4x
+ + + =
and distance covered by B in 4 rounds 200 400 600 800 y
æ 400 ö 25 x 4 x æ 2400 ´ 4 ö
= ç 4× Þ = Þ y =ç ÷ = 384.
è 1000 ÷ø
km = 1.6 km 2400 y è 25 ø
It is clear that in 5 hours, A passes \ Average speed = 384 km/h.
B only once. (i.e., 1 time). 22. (c) Here, distance to be covered by the thief and by the
In other words, in covering 2 km, A pases B 1 time. owner is same.
Let after 2 : 30 p. m., owner catches the thief in t hrs.
æ1 ö
\ In covering 5 km, A passes B in ç ´ 5 ÷ times æ 1ö 5
è2 ø Then, 60 × t = 75 ç t - ÷ Þ t = hrs
è 2ø 2
1
i.e., 2 times. So, the thief is overtaken at 5 p.m.
2
 270
23. (c) Let the speed of the cars be x km/h and y km/h, Total Distance = V2 T1 + V4 T2
respectively.
æ 5 150 ´ 18 ö æ 5 150 ´18 ö
Their relative speeds when they are moving in same = ç 70 ´ ´ ÷ + ç 65 ´ ´ ÷ = 2.37 km
direction = (x – y) km/h. è 18 25 ´ 5 ø è 18 5´5 ø
Their relative speeds when they are in opposite 28. (a) Form the equations first and then use the options.
directions = (x + y) km/h. 29. (b) R S W.P.
300 m y
70
Now, = 1 or x + y = 70 …(1) Let speed of Shyam = x m/s
x+ y
7
70 \ speed of Ram = x m/s
and = 7 or x – y = 10 …(2) 4
(x - y)
According to the questions,
Solving (1) and (2), we have
x = 40 km/h and y = 30 km/h. y 300 + y
=
24. (b) Volume of water flowed in an hour x 7
x
= 2000 × 40 × 3 cubic metre = 240000 cubic metre 4
\ volume of water flowed in 1 minute Þ 1200 x + 4xy = 7xy
240000 Þ 3xy = 1200 x
= = 4000 cubic metre = 40,00,000 litre \ y = 400 m
60
Hence required distance = 300 + y = 300 + 400 = 700 m
25. (c) G B A 30. (d) The watch gains (5 + 10) = 15 min in 30 hours (12
Noon to 6 PM next day). This means that it will show
In the above figure, the train travels from A to B in 11 the correct time when it gains 5 min in 10 hours or
: 30 minutes. at 10 PM on Monday.
Suppose, you denote the time at which the first gunshot 31. (b) Average speed when Pankaj was returning
is heard as t = 0. Also, if you consider the travel of the 2 ´ 10 ´ 30
sound of the second the gunshot is heard at point B at = = 15 km hr
40
t = 11 : 30 minutes. Also, the second gunshot should Now the average speed of the whole journey
reach point B at t = 12 minutes. Hence, the sound of
the 2nd gunshot would take 30 seconds to travel from 2 ´ 15 ´ 60
= = 24 km hr
B to A. 75
Strain t 32. (b) The train needs to travel 15 minutes extra @35 kmph.
Thus, S = sound Hence, it is behind by 8.75 kms. The rate of losing
sound t train
distance is 5 kmph. Hence, the train must have travelled
30 330 for 8.75/5 = 1 hour 45 minutes. @40 kmph ® 70 km.
Strain = 330 ´ = m/s.
690 23 33. (c) Let the distance between the school and the home be x km.
26. (c) Initial distance = 25 dog leaps.
Per minute ® dog makes 5 dog leaps x 2.5 x 5 x x 5 2.5
Then, - = + or - = +
Per minute ® cat makes 6 cat leaps = 3 dog leaps. 8 60 10 60 8 10 60 60
Relative speed = 2 dog leaps/minutes.
2 x 7.5 7.5 ´ 80
An initial distance of 25 dog leaps would get covered or = or x = = 5 km
in 12.5 minutes. 80 60 2 ´ 60
5 34. (b) Relative speed of rockets
27. (b) V1 = 45 km/h = 45 ´ m/sec = (42000 + 18000) = 60000 mile/h
18
It means both of them together cover a distance of
5 60000 miles between themselves in 60 minutes or 1000
V2 = 70 km/h = 70 ´ m/sec
18 miles in 1 minute.
5 Hence, they should be 1000 miles apart, 1 minute
V3 = 60 km/h = 60 ´ m/sec before impact.
18
35. (c) Let the speed of the train be x m/sec. Then,
5
V4 = 65 km/h = 65 ´ m/sec Distance travelled by the train in 10 min. = Distance
18 travelled by sound in 30 sec.
150 150 150 ´ 18 Û x × 10 × 60 = 330 × 30
T1 = = = sec
V2 - V1 (70 - 45) ´ 5 25 ´ 5 Û x = 16.5.
18
æ 18 ö
150 150 150 ´ 18 \ Speed of the train = 16.5 m/sec = çè16.5 ´ ÷ø km/hr
T2 = = = sec 5
V4 - V3 5 5´ 5
(65 - 60) ´ = 59.4 km/hr
18
 271
36. (c) Let the speed of train C be x km/h. 40. (c) Required distance North
At 9 p.m. the train A will have covered a distance of
180 km. = 82 + 152
8m
For trains A and B relative speed = (90 – 60) = 30 km/h
= 64 + 225
Distance between them = 180 km
West East
180 = 289 = 17 m 15 m
Time after which they meet = = 6 hrs
30 41. (b) Let the Speed of faster train be x and speed of slower
90 km/h x km/h
X
k m

train be y.
B 180 km 1080 km C Now, when both the train move in same direction their
A
relative speed = x – y
Mumbai Delhi
Now, total distance covered = 130 + 110 = 240
For trains A and C relative speeds = (60 + x) km/h
Distance between them = 1080 km. Now, distance = speed × time

1080 \ 240 = ( x– y) × 60 (Q1min = 60sec)

Time after which they meet = hrs Þ x–y=4
(60 + x) …(1)
As the time of meeting of all the three trains is the When the trains move in opposite direction
then their relative speed = x + y
1080
same, we have =6 \ 240 = ( x + y) × 3
(60 + x) Þ 80 = x + y …(2)
or x = 120 km/h on solving eqs (1) and (2), we get x = 42 m/sec
37. (b) Time taken by the boat during downstream and y = 38 m/sec
50 5 42. (d) Let vm = velocity of man = 48 m/min
journey = = h
60 6 Let vc = velocity of current
5 then t1= time taken to travel 200 m against the current.
Time taken by the boat in upstream journey = h
4 200
2 ´ 50 100 ´ 24 i.e., t1 = ....(1)
Average speed = = = 48 mph vm – vc
5 5 50
+ and t2 time taken to travel 200 m with the current
6 4
38. (c) Let the distance be x km. Then, 200
(Time taken to walk x km) + (Time taken to ride x km) i.e., t 2 = ....(2)
vm + vc
23
= hrs. Given : t1 – t2 = 10 min
4
Þ (Time taken to walk 2x km) + (Time taken to ride 200 200
\ - = 10
2x km) =
23
hrs. vm – vc vm + vc
2
15 Þ vm
2
- vc2 = 40vc Þ vc2 + 40vc - (48) 2 = 0
But, time taken to ride 2x km = hrs.
4
Þ vc = 32, -72
æ 23 15 ö 31
\ Time taken to walk 2x km = ç - ÷ hrs = hrs Hence, speed of the current = 32 (Q vc ¹ -72) .
è 2 4ø 4
= 7 hrs 45 min. 43. (c) Let the total distance to be travelled = x km
39. (a) Let the speed of the boatman be x km/hr and that of
stream by y km/hr. Then Speed of train = v km/h
and time taken = t hr.
12 4
=
x+ y x– y 150 x - 150
+ = (t + 8) .....(1)
v æ 3v ö
Þ 12x – 12y = 4x + 4y ç ÷
è 5ø
Þ 8x = 16y Þ x = 2y
45 45 510 x - 510
Now + = 20 + = (t + 4) .....(2)
x+ y x– y v 3
v
Þ 45 + 135 = 60 y Þ 180 = 60y Þ y = 3km/hr.. 5
 272
Eq (2) – Eq (1) 47. (d) O
510 150 x - 510 x - 150 P1
- + - =-4
v v 3 3v
v
5 5
360 360 ´ 5
- = - 4 Þ v = 60 km/hr..
v 3v H G
x
t=
60
Put in eqn (1)
P2
150 x - 150 æ x ö
+ = + 8÷ From the figure above we see that Shyam would have
60 3 ´ 60 çè 60 ø walked a distance of 4 + 4 + 4 = 12 km. (G to P1, P1 to
5 G and G to P2).
5 x - 150 x North
+ = +8 48. (d)
2 36 60
x - 150 x 5 11
- =8 - =
36 60 2 2
10 x - 1500 - 6 x 11
= 48 km/hr 90°
360 2
360 ´11 East
Þ 4x– 1500 = = 1980 Þ 4x = 3480
2 Starting point 36 km/hr
3480 \ Distance, covered by car in 15 seconds with the
x= km = 870 km
4 speed of 48 kmph towards the North
44. (c) Total distance covered by man in (1:30 pm – 10:00 am) 5
= 48 ´ ´ 15 = 200 m
1 18
= 3 hours at a speed of 12 km/hr \ Distance covered by car is 15 seconds with the speed
2
36 km/h towards the East
1
= 12 ´ 3 = 42 km (Total distance) 5
2 = 36 ´ ´15 = 150 m
18
Time taken by his elder brother to catch him
By triplets : 250
1 After 15 seconds the distance 200
= 3 hours – 1 hour 15 min. between both the conditions
2
= 2 hours 15 min. of car is 250 m. 150
49. (d) This question gives us the freedom to assume any value
15 1 9 of speeds of Ramesh and Somesh. Let us assume the
= 2 = 2 = hour
60 4 4 initial speed of Somesh = 20 m/s, then the initial speed
of Ramesh = 40 m/s.
42 2 Till 50 m they are running with this speed only. Time
\ Brothers speed = 9 = 18 km/h
3 taken by Ramesh in covering 50m = 1.25sec.
4 In the same time Somesh is covering 25m. After this
45. (c) We know that, the relation in time taken with two stages, speed of Somesh is 20m/s, whereas speed of
different modes of transport is Rasmesh = 10 m/s. Now relative speed = 10m/s and
twalk both + tride both = 2 (twalk + t ride) distance = 25m. At 75m from the starting, both of them
will be meeting.
31 25
+ tride both = 2 ´ 50. (b) When A covers 1000 m, B covers 960 m.
4 4 Similarly, when B covers 1000 m, C covers 975 m.
25 31 19 3 975
Þ t ride both = – = = 4 hrs \ When B covers 960 m, C covers ´ 960 = 936 m.
2 4 4 4 1000
46. (d) Time difference between 8 am and 2 pm = 6 hrs. Thus, A can give a start to C by a distance
Angle traced by the hour hand in 6 hours = (1000 – 936) m = 64 m.
o 51. (a) In 2 minutes, he ascends = 1 metre
æ 360 ö
=ç ´ 6 ÷ = 180° \ 10 metres, he ascends in 20 minutes.
è 12 ø \ He reaches the top in 21st minute.
 273
61. (b) In 36 hours, there would be a gap of 8 minutes. The
40 55
+ = 13 two watches would show the same time when the gap
52. (d)
( B - S) ( B + S) would be exactly 12 hours or 720 minutes.
30 44 36
+ = 10 Time required for 1 min gap = h
( B - S) ( B + S) 8
36
On solving these, we get B = 8 km/h, S = 3 km/h \ Time required for 720 min gap = ´ 720 h = 3240 h
8
\ speed of Mallah in still water = 8 km/h Since 3240 is divisible by 24, the watches would show
53. (c) Note here the length of the train in which passenger is 12 noon.
travelling is not considered since we are concerned 62. (d) Assume the distance between the two ant holes is 600
with the passenger instead of train. So, the length of feet. Then, the first ant’s speed is 16 feet/hr while the
the bridge will be directly proportional to the time taken second ant’s speed is 14 feet/hr.
by the passenger respectively. If the first ant covers 800 feet, the second will cover
t ® Time 700 feet (since, distance is proportional to speed).
l ® Length of bridge 7
1500 ´
t l Distance 120
Therefore. 1 = 1 Required speed = = = 35feet / h
t 2 l2 Speed 5
7 280 2
= 63. (a) The net time loss is 1/3% of 168 hours.
4 x
Þ x = 160 m 1
% of 168 h =
168
h = 33 m 36 sec
54. (b) Downstream (Steamer) = 40 min 3 300
Downstream (Boat) = 60 min Hence required time= 12 noon – 33 m 36 sec
Upstream (Steamer) = 60 min = 11 : 26 : 24 a.m.
Upstreamer (Boat) = 90 min
Required time = 40 + 30 + 45 = 115 min. Expert Level
55. (c) Speed of tiger = 40 m/min
Speed of deer = 20 m/min 18
1. (d) Average of Kerosene = ´ 1000 = 20km / ltr.
Relative speed = 40 – 20 = 20 m/min 900
Difference in distances = 50 × 8 = 400 m Cost of petrol = ` 30 / ltr;
400 2
\ Time taken in overtaking (or catching) = = 20 min \ Cost of Kerosene = of petrol = ` 10/ltr..
20 3
\ Distance travelled in 20 min = 20 × 40 = 800 m Let the quantity of Kerosene be x in 1 ltr. of mixture.
56. (d) (6 – x) = (8 – 1.5x) \ 20 (x) + 40 (1 – x) = 38
Þ x = 4 cm
Þ x = 0.1 ltr..
So, it will take 4 hours to burn in such a way that they
remain equal in length. \ Cost of mixture = 10 (0.1) + 30 (0.9) = 28/-
57. (c) The speeds of two persons is 108 km/h and 75 km/h. Hence the additional amount that pump owner was
The first person covers 1080 km in 10 hours and thus charging = 30 – 28 = ` 2.
he makes 12 rounds. Thus, he will pass over another 2. (b) Distance (D) = Speed (S) × Time (T)
person 12 times in any one of the direction. æ 15 ö
D = 4 ´ çT + ÷
58. (c) Angle between two hands at 3 : 10 am è 60 ø
= (90 + 5) – 60 = 35° D = 4T + 1 …(1)
So, the required angle = 70°, after 3:10 am
æ 10 ö
Total time required to make 70° angle when minute- D = 6ç T - ÷
hand is ahead of hour-hand. è 60 ø
35 + 70 910 D = 6T - 1 …(2)
= = min Solving equations (1) and (2), we get
11/ 2 11
T=1h
So at 3h æç 10 +
210 ö D = 4 × 1 + 1 = 5 km
÷ min the required angle will be 3. (d) Let the average speed be x km/h.
è 11 ø
formed. and Total distance = y km. Then,
59. (d) (n + 1) times in n days. 0.2 0.6 0.2 y
60. (c ) If you start at 12 noon, you would reach at 4 : 30 PM. y+ y+ y=
10 30 20 x
You would be able to meet the train which left Pune at
1
8 AM, 9 AM, 10 AM, 11 AM, 12 Noon, 1 PM, Þx= = 20km / h
2 PM, 3 PM and 4 PM – a total of 9 trains. 0.05
 274
4. (d) Let the speed in return journey be x km/hr. 3
10. (a) Time taken to collide the two trains = h
125 æ5 ö 2
Then, speed in onward journey = x = ç x÷ km/hr..
è4 ø 3 3
100 So, in h bird travels ´ 60 = 90 km
2 2
æ 5 ö 11. (c) P K
ç 2´ 4 x ´ x ÷ 10 x
Average speed = ç 5 ÷ km/hr = km/hr.. 600
çç x + x ÷÷ 9
è 4 ø In 18 h plane will cover 18 × 120 = 2160 km
Now, 2160 = (600 × 2) + 600 + 360
æ 9 ö æ 800 ´ 9 ö
ç 800 ´
\ So, the plane will be 360 km away from Kargil it means
÷ = 16 Û x = ç ÷ = 45 km/hr
è 10x ø è 16 ´10 ø it will be (600 – 360) = 240 km away from Pukhwara.
æ5 ö 12. (b) P Q
So, speed in onward journey = çè ´ 45÷ø km/hr They will be together at every two hours. Therefore in
4
12h they will be (6 + 1) = 7 times together at P and
= 56.25 km/hr they will never meet together at Q.
5. (c) Let he walked for x hours, then
Speed of wind (Sound )
5x + 25(10 – x) = 17 ´ 10 13. (c)
Þ x=4 Relative speed of soldier and terrorist
\ 10 – x = 6 h Time utilised
Hence, distance travelled by auto = 25 ´ 6 = 150 km. =
Difference in time
6. (b) Let the speed of X and Y be the x km/h and y km/h
1188 330
respectively. Since they meet after 3 hours, so =
x + y = 100. x 5
Þ x = 18 km/h
Since, the faster train takes atleast 3 + 2 = 5 hours to 14. (d) In 20 minutes the difference between man and his son
complete the 300 km journey. Hence, minimum = 20 × 20 = 400 m
possible speed for the slower train = 40 km/h at which Distance travelled by dog when he goes towards son
speed it will take 7.5 h to complete the journey
400
æ 300 ö = ´ 60
ç 7.5 = ÷ 40
è 40 ø = 600 m and time required is 10 minutes
Q R
7. (c) P In 10 minutes the remaining difference between man
and son.
PQ = QR 400 – (20 × 10) = 200 m
P ® Q ® R (7h) Total distance travelled by dog = 600 + 400 = 1000 m
It means P ® Q (3.5 h) 15. (b) Initial speed of police = 10 m/s
Again {P ® Q and Q ® P} (8 h) Increased speed of police = 20 m/s
It means Q ® P (4.5 h) Speed of thief = 15 m/s
Therefore R ® Q (4.5 h) Initial difference between thief and police = 250 m
Thus, from R to P boat will take 9 hours After 5 seconds difference between thief and police
Hint: P ® R (Downstream) = 250 – (5 × 10) = 200 m
R ® P (Upstream) After 10 seconds more the difference between thief
8. (c) Ratio of speed of A : B = 12 : 11 and police = 200 + (5 × 10) = 250 m.
Now, the time required by police to catch the thief
and ratio of speeds of B : C = 8 : 7
250
Therefore ratio of speeds of A : B : C = 96 : 88 : 77 = = 50s
So in 9600 m race A will beat C by 1900 m 5
A Distance travelled = 50 × 20 = 1000 m
9. (b) A B Total time = 50 + 15 = 65 s
Total distance = 1000 + (15 × 10) = 1150 m
C C A
16. (b) The ratio of speeds
60 m 15 m = The ratio of distances, when time is constant.
\ The ratio of distances covered by leopard to the
1500 m tiger = 12 : 25
In the same time, when A covers 1500 m, B covers Again, ratio of rounds made by leopard to the tiger
1440 m and C covers 1425 m. = 12 : 25
So, in 1440 m race B can give a start of 15 m. Hence, leopard makes 48 rounds, when tiger makes
\ In 1500 m race B will give a start of 100 rounds.
15 5 17. (b) Since both rest for 6 seconds so when B is just about
´ 1500 = 15 m to start the journey A reaches there at the shallow end
1440 8 so they meet at they shallow end.
 275
18. (b) For the first watch: When a watch creates the then the speed for the third hour be
difference of 12 hours, it shows correct time. 10 7
So to create the difference of 12 h required time ´ x = 2 x km/hr
7 5
60 ´ 12
= = 30 days then the speed for the fourth hour be
24
For the second watch: To create the difference of 12 7 14 x
2x ´ = km/hr
h required time. 5 5
30 ´12 Therefore total distance in four hours
= = 15 days 7 14 x 36 x
24 = x + x + 2x + = km
So, after 30 days at the same time both watches show 5 5 5
the correct time. æ 36 x ö
19. (a) You must know that a correct watch coincide just after Total Distance çè 5 ÷ø
\ Average speed = =
5 Total time 4
65 min.
11 9x
5 2 = km/hr
Therefore in every 65 hours the watch gains 5
11 11 Again the distance in 4 hours @ speed of x km/hr
2 11 which is half of the third hour’s speed is 4x km
Hence, in 24 hours it will gain ´ ´ 24 ´ 60 = 4 min 36 x
11 720 Hence - 4 x = 160 km
20. (a) To exchange the position both hands to cover 360° 5
Þ x = 50
1°
together. In one minute, hour-hand moves and in 9 ´ 50
2 Hence, the average speed = = 90 km/hr
one minute, minute-hand moves 6°. Let the required 5
23. (c) If we assume the speed of the sound as 330 m/s, we
time be t min, then
can see that the distance traveled by the sound in 45
1
6t + t = 360 seconds is the distance traveled by the train in 11
2 minutes.
360 720 5 330 × 45 = 660 × s ® s = 22.5 m/s = 81 kmph
Þ t= ´2 = = 55 min 24. (a) The ratio of speeds of A to B would be 2 : 3.
13 13 13
360 P R Q
21. (d) The minute-hand of a normal clock covers = 6°
60 0.4 D means ratio
per minute. The hour-hand of a normal clock covers of speeds = 2:3
30 1° The 4th meeting would occur after a combined
= per minute. So once they are together, in movement of D + 6D = 7D. 2/5th of this distance would
60 2
be covered by A and 3/5th of this distance would be
1 11° the distance covered by B. Thus, distance covered by
every minute the minute hand gains 6 - = over
2 2 A would be 2/5th of 7D __: distance covered by A =
the hour hand. 2.8D – which means that the 4th meeting occurs at a
360 720 distance of 0.8 D from P.
So, time between two meetings = = minutes. 25. (b) We can see that it takes them 4 hours to reach each
11 11
other. And this is the same time for which bullets will
2 cover some distance.
So, in any clock the hour-hand and the minute-hand
So, the total distance covered by the bullet
720 = 4×10 = 40 km
meet after every minutes.
11 26. (d) 540 km 540 km
If 60 minutes have passed in a normal clock then time
passed in the faulty clock is 70 minutes. Ahmedabad Mumbai (9 PM)
If 24 hrs (or 24 × 60 minutes) have passed in a normal (6 PM)
clock then time passed in the faulty clock must be Now using options can get us the result.
24 × 70 = 1680 minutes.
Take the option 6 A.M. which means the train from
Number of times the hands meet –
Ahmedabad takes 12 hours to cover 540 km. In this
1680
= 25.67 = 25 way, the speed will be 45 km/h and train from Mumbai
720 takes 9 hours to cover 540 km which means the speed
11 is 60km/h: It is written in the question that the
22. (b) Let the speed for the first hour be x km/hr difference between the speed of the train from
7 Ahmedabad and that from Mumbai is 15 km/h. Hence,
then the speed for the second hour be x km/hr
5 this is the answer.
 276
27. (a) Let the original speed of car = v km/hr. hrs. Speed difference of 12km/hr. hints that the distance
should be divisible by 12. Only option (c) is divisible
715 715
- =2 by 12.
v v + 10 By conventional method following equation will help
solve the problem.
v + 10 - v 2
=
v ( v + 10 ) 715 d
=
d
+ 10
s s + 12
v (v + 10) = 715 × 5
Easier method is as follows. Speed difference of 12
v2 + 10v – 3575 = 0
km/hr hints that the distance should be divisible by
(v + 65) (v – 55) = 0 12. Only option (c) is divisible by 12.
\ v = 55 km/hr.
720 720 720
28. (b) Let the distance between X and Y be x km. Then, the = 60hrs., = 30hrs., = 20hrs.
12 24 36
x 2x
speed of A is km/h and that of B is km/h. So, fastest speed is 36km/hr. slowest speed is 24km/hr.
4 7 30. (b) Let the speed of swimmer be x km/hr
x km When he swim with the flow
X x km / h 2x
km / h Y then speed = ( x + 3/2) km/h.
4 7
æ 3ö
Relative speeds of the trains \ S1 = ç x + ÷ ´ t
è 2ø
æ x 2 x ö 15 x When he swim against the flow of stream
= ç + ÷= km / h
è 4 7 ø 28 æ 3ö
then speed = ç x – ÷ t
Therefore the distance between the trains at 7 a.m. è 2ø
x x æ 3ö
= x- = km \ S2 = ç x – ÷ t
2 2 è 2ø
Hence, time taken to cross each other According to the question,
S1 = 2S2.
x
æ 3ö æ 3ö
2 hr = x ´ 28 hr = 14 ´ 60 min = 56 min ç x + ÷ t = 2ç x – ÷ t
=
15 x 2 15 x 15 è 2ø è 2ø
28 æ 3ö æ 2x – 3 ö
ç x + ÷ t = 2t ç ÷
Thus, both of them meet at 7.56 a.m. è 2ø è 2 ø
29. (c) Let the speed of train be x km/h and actual time taken æ 2x + 3 ö
Þç ÷ = 2x – 3
is t hrs. è 2 ø
In first case, distance = (x + 6) ( t – 4) km …(1) 9 1
In second case, distance = (x – 6) ( t + 6) km …(2) Þ 2x + 3 = 4x – 6 Þ 9 = 2x Þ x = = 4 km / hr
2 2
Also distance = xt from (1) and (2) 31. (a) Let VA and tA be the speed and time of A respectively.
(x + 6) (t – 4 ) = (x – 6) (t + 6) …(3) and VB, tB be the speed and time of B respectively.
x+6 t +6 x 2t + 2 Now, total (length) distance = 400 m
Þ = Þ =
x -6 t -4 6 10 Now, B beats A by 15 metres.
\ Distance covered by B = 400 – 15 and tB = tA + 5
x t +1
Þ = 400 - 15
6 5 \ VB = ....(1)
tA + 5
Þ5x=6t+6Þ5x–6t=6
5x - 6 Similarly, VA =
400
Þt=
6 tA
Putting the value of ‘t’ in eqn. (3), we get
400
x = 30 km/hr In another race of 400 m, VB = ....(2)
50
\ t = 24 hr tA +
Thus, distance = 30 × 24 = 720 Equations (1) and (2), we get 7
Alternatively : 400 – 15 400
The speed difference between slow-speed and fast- =
tA + 5 tA +
50
speed train is 12 km/hr. and the time difference is 10
7
 277
Let the distance between point A and B = x km.
æ 50 ö
Þ 385 ç t A + ÷ = 400 ( t A + 5 ) x x
è 7 ø + = 19
18 2 (10 )
æ 50 ö
Þ 77 ç t A + ÷ = 80 ( t A + 5 ) x x
è 7 ø + = 19
18 20
Þ 150 = 3tA Þ tA= 50 sec.
20 x + 18 x
400 385 = 19
\ VA = = 8m / sec and VB = = 7m / sec. 360
50 55 38x = 19 × 360
32. (d) Let the distance be x.
19 ´ 360
Ratio of speeds of 3 cars = 2 : 3 : 4 x=
38
S1 =
2 3
, S 2 = , S3 =
4 \ x = 180 km/h
\
9 9 9 35. (b) Let the speed of car = V km/h
Now, as we know, distance = speed × time then speed of bus = V – 25 km/h
Journey distance = 500 km
2 3 4
\ x = T1 , x = T2 , x = T3 500 500
9 9 9 Now, - = 10
V - 25 V
T1 9 T2 9 T3 9 Þ
Þ = , = , = 500V – 500 (V – 25) = V (V – 25) × 10
x 2 x 3 x 4
Þ 500V – 500V + 12500 = (V 2 – 25V ) 10
T1 T2 T3 9 9 9 Þ V2 – 25V – 1250 = 0
\ : : = : : º108 : 72 : 54 º 6 : 4 : 3
x x x 2 3 4 Þ V (V – 25) = 1250
\ Required ratio = 6 : 4 : 3. Þ V (V – 25) = 50 × 25
Þ V = 50 km/h
33. (a) Let the speed of train = v1 km/h
Speed of car = 50 km/h
and speed of taxi = v2 km/h Speed of bus = 25 km/h
300 200 11 3 2 11 36. (d)
+ = Þ + = …(1)
u
16
v1 v2 2 v1 v2 200

260 240 336 26 24 336

+ = Þ + = …(2)
v1 v2 60 v1 v2 600
From eqs (1) and (2) q
36 24 11 ´ 12 3
+ =
v1 v2 200 Let the speed of the boat be u km per hour.
\ u cos q = 3, u sin q = 16
26 24 336
+ = 16 16
v1 v2 600 Þ tan q = Þ sin q =
3 265
– – –
Since, u sin q = 16
16
10 132 336 396 - 336 1 Þ u. = 16
Þ = - = = 265
v1 200 600 600 10
v1 = 100 km/h Þ u = 265 = 16.28 km per hour
\ Speed of the boat against the current
x = u – 3 = 16.28 – 3 = 13.28 km per hour.
34. (b) 37. (d) Since the second ant covers 7/120 of the distance in 2
hours 30 minutes, we can infer that is covers 8.4/120
= 7% of the distance in 3 hours. Thus, in 3 hours both
A C B
ants together cover 15% of the distance ® 5% per hour
x ® they will meet in 20 hours.
2 Also, ratio of speeds = 8 : 7.
Speed of boat in still water is 14 km/h. So, the second ant would cover 700 ft to the meeting
Velocity of stream = 4 km/h. point in 20 hours and its speed would be 35 feet/hr.
 278
38. (b) This is a complex trial and error based question and 40. (b) If the side of the initial equilateral triangle is S, then
the way you would have to think in this is: when Arjit covers (S – 120) kms, Shaurya covers S
kilometres. Also, when Arjit covers a distance of 80
d – 12 kilometers, Shaurya covers a distance such that the
t – 6 hours 8 hours resultant triangle is right angled.
Check these conditions through options.
9 hours t hours, d B 41. (b) If S1 is the speed of the first car, then (S1 + 10) will be
A M the second car’s speed. If t1 hours is the time required
From the figure above, it is clear that A is faster as he for the first car, then (t1 – 1) hours is the time required
takes only t + 2 hours while B has taken t + 9 hours to for the second car in covering the same distance, while
complete the journey. æ 33.33 ö
Then, we get: (t – 6)/9 = 8/t that of the third car is ç t1 - ÷ hours.
è 60 ø
Solving for t, we get t = – 6 (not possible) Check these conditions through options.
Or t = 12. Putting this value of t in the figure it change 42. (c) Let the distance AC = d
to:
d 240 - d d 240 - d
Then, + = +
6 hours 8 hours V0 V1 V1 V0
If V0 ¹ V1 , then the above condition will be satisfied
A 9 hours M 12 hours B only if d = 120 km.
43. (b) Suppose A and B are the points where the first and the
We also get ratio of speeds = 3 : 2 (inverse of ratio of second meeting took place.
times) The total distance covered by the pedestrian and the
The next part of the puzzle is to think of the 12km less cyclist before the first meeting = Twice the distance
traveled by the first person till the meeting point. between Nagpur and Buti Bori.
If the speed of the faster person is 3s, that of the slower Total time taken is 1 hour.
Total distance cover by pedestrian and the cyclist
person = 2s.
between the two meetings = Twice the distance
Further between A and Buti Bori.
12 × 2s – 6 × 3s = 12 km and time taken is half an hour.
s = 2 kmph. Hence, A is the mid-point. This will result in a GP.
39. (c) Give that they meet in 80 minutes, when moving 44. (c) If 2d is the distance between A and B, then
towards each other, the sum of their speeds should be
2
such that they cover 1.25% of the distance per minute ´ 2d
3 d -3
(i.e., 75% of the distance per hour). =
d-2 1
2d ´
4
 279

Explanationof
TestYourself

1. (a) The requisite conditions are met on a Pythagoras triplet 7. (d) The sum of the speeds of the ducks is 50 feet/min.
6, 8, 10. Since the racetrack only consists of the legs Hence circumference = 9 ´ 50 = 450 feet and difference
of the right triangle the length must be 6 + 8 = 14 km. 450
2. (b) Relative speed of the trains of speeds = = 8.33.
54
= (42 + 48) kmph = 90 kmph
50 - 8.33
æ 5ö \ Speed of slower duck = = 20.83 feet/min.
= ç 90 ´ ÷ m/sec = 25 m/sec. 2
è 18 ø
10 km/h 15 km/h
Time taken by the trains to pass each other 8. (c)
A B
= Time taken to cover (137 + 163) m at 25 m/sec Both the athlete are crossing each other after 12
æ 300 ö minutes which means the distance between them is 5
= ç ÷ sec = 12 seconds. km. It will be easy to go through the ratio of the speed
è 25 ø which is 2 : 3. The answer is 36 minutes.
3. (b) The sum of speeds would be 0.08 m/s (relative speed 9. (c) Let the original speed be X km/h
in opposite direction). Also if we go by option (b), the According to the question, 18/(4/5x) – 18/x = 9/60 hr
speeds will be 0.03 and 0.05 m/s respectively. At this x = 30 km/h
speed the overlapping would occur every 60 seconds. 10. (a) Solve this through options as: For option (a)
4. (b) The movement of the ant in the two cases would be 3, 4800/60 – 4800/50 = 16 minutes
7, 11, 15, 19, 23 and 1, 9, 17, 25, 33, 41. It can be seen 11. (d) When Karan runs 100m, Arjun runs only 90m
that after 3 seconds the difference is 6 mm after 4 So, in the new situation,
seconds, the difference is 16 mm and after 5 seconds Karan has to run 110 m
the difference is 30 mm. Thus, it is clearly seen that Hence, distance covered by Arjun when Karan covers
the ant moved for 4 seconds. 90
5. (b) Let the distance between X and Y be x km. Then, the 110 m = ´ 110 = 99 m
100
x 2x Therefore, Karan beats Arjun by 1m
speed of A is km/h and that of B is km/h.
4 7 180 km
12. (a)
2x x km x A
km / h km / h C B
7 X Y 4
Relative speeds of the trains
¬ 11.00 am Y
æ x 2 x ö 15 x X 11.00 a.m. ®
= ç + ÷= km / h
è 4 7 ø 28 Time taken by Y for distance cover from B to C with
stoppages
Therefore the distance between the trains at 7 a.m.
æ6 1ö 24 + 5 29
x x = ç + ÷ hrs = = hrs.
= x- = km
è 5 4 ø 20 20
2 2
Hence, time taken to cross each other Say they cross each other at x distance from A

x x 29 120 - x
\ = +
2 = x ´ 28 = 14 ´ 60 = 56 min 70 20 50
=
15 x 2 15 x 15
x x 29 12
28 \ + = +
50 70 20 5
Thus, both of them meet at 7 : 56 a.m.
6. (c) The distances covered in percentage would be, 12 x 29 + 48 12 x 77
Þ = Þ =
10% + 6.66% + 8.33% + 16.66% + 5.833% + 31.666 350 20 35 2
+ 2.0833 = 81.25%
77 35
(22.5/18.75) ´ 100 = 120 km \ x= ´ = 112.29 » 112 km
2 12
 280
13. (b) The only thing which matters in this problem is mileage So, they should ideally cross 3 times once in
or kms per litre of the fuel. At 50 kmph 195 kms can æ 720 ö 2160
3´ç =
è 11 ÷ø
be covered. According to condition 1.3 times the fuel minutes = 196.36 minutes.
11
will be required at 75kmph. But in the watch under consideration, they meet after
Therefore, distance travelled will be 195/1.3 = 150 kms. every 3 hour, 18 minutes and 15 seconds, i.e.,
14. (c) 1st day he climbing up at 6.00 a.m. and reached
æ 15 ö 793
ç 3 ´ 60 + 18 + 60 ÷ = 4 minutes
at 6.00 p.m.
2nd day he coming down at 6.00 a.m. and reached the è ø
foothill 6.00 p.m. In 24 hours a watch has 1440 minutes.
Hence, average speed of both path is same. Thus, our watch is actually losing time (as it is slower
At noon it is not necessary that he was at same spot. than the normal watch). Hence, when our watch
There must be a point where he reached at the same æ 196.36 ö
elapsed ç1440 ´ ÷ = 1426.27 minutes.
time on both the days. è 198.25 ø
15. (b) When watch, runs correct the minute hand should cross Hence, the amount of time lost by our watch in one
the hour hand once in every 65 +
5
minutes. day = (1440 – 1426.27 ) = 13.73 i.e., 13 minutes and
11 44 seconds (approx).