EXCEL REVIEW CENTER ECE REVIEW FOR OCTOBER 2019 BOARD EXAM DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS

Answer Key to Take Home Assign a value of 'x' very close to 0. Reverse Engineering:
Differential Calculus cos8  1 Differentiate given:
 CALC  x  0.000001
2
1. B. 3
d
 4ex   4.421
3x 2  2x  1 3     2     1
2   0 dx x 0.1

lim 
x  x 2  x  1 2    1
4. B. – csc θ cot θ CALC choices:

  indeterminate  d  csc     csc  cot  D. 4e x

Reverse Engineering:
4e x  CALC  0.1    4.421
Apply L’Hopital’s Rule Differentiate given:
d  1 
d
dx
 3x 2  2x  1 6x  2 dx  sin x  x 0.1
 99.833 8. D. 0.0225
 Rate of change of the volume:
d 2
dx
 x  x  1 2x  1 CALC choices: Choice  csc  cot  dV
 ? @ x  0.25cm
1 dt
 CALC  0.1  Rate of change of the side length:
Let x   sin x tan x
dx cm
6   2   99.833  0.12
  indeterminate form  dt s
2  1  V  x3
5. B. 20 and 40
Let x and y be the two numbers dV dx
Apply L’Hopital’s Rule: x  y  60  3x 2
dt dt
d
 6x  2  6 Product  xy 2 dV 2 cm 
dx  3  3  0.25cm   0.12 
d Pr oduct  maximum value dt  s 
 2x  1 2 Product   60  y  y 2
dx dV cm3
 0.0225
Pr oduct  60y 2  y 3 dt s
Calculator Shortcut: Using Casio
FX570ES+ d  Product 
 120y  3y 2 9. A. – 2  sqrt 2
dy
f  x   x 2ex
Assign a value of 'x' very close to . For maximum product:
d  Product  f '  x   2xe x  x 2 e x
3x 2  2x  1
 CALC  x  9999999 0
x2  x 1 dy f ''  x   2e x  2xe x  2xe x  x 2 e x
  3 120y  3y 2  0 f ''  x   x 2 e x  4xe x  2e x
y  40 For inflection point:
2. A. y = - x + 2 x  60  y  20 f''  x   0
At x  1, y  1
x and y are 20 and 40 0  x 2 e x  4xe x  2e x
y  x 3  2x 2  2
x 2  4x  2  0
6. C. 3/8 m/s
dy d 3

dx dx
 x  2x 2  2  x1 x1 and 2  2  2
Calculating: dy
? 10. D. 1.49 m/sec
dy 5 dt
 1 y V1 = 4
dx
So, y  y1  m  x  x1  x
y  1  1  x  1 dx 1
S
 ft/s S1 = 4t
y  x  2 dt 2
x 2  y 2   5
2

3. A. 0 100
cos  8  0   1  3  y 2   5
2 2
cos8  1
lim 
 0 2 2 0 y4
dx dy S2  1002  (S1 ) 2
0  2y 0
  indeterminate form  2x
dt dt S2  1002  (4t) 2
0
Apply L’Hopital’s Rule dy

x dx S2  10,000  16t 2  Eq.1
d dt y dt
 cos8  1 8sin 8
d  dy 3 1  Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
d    m / s
 2  2 dt 4 2   dS   dt 
2S    0  32t  
d dy 3 m
  dt   dt 
Let   0 dt 8 s dS 16t
  Eq.2
8sin 8  0  dt S
0 7. D. 4e^x
2 y  4e x
Calculator Shortcut: Using Casio Substitute t = 10 in Eq.1:
FX570ES+ dy
 4e x S2  10,0000  16(10)2
dx S  107.7 m

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EXCEL REVIEW CENTER ECE REVIEW FOR OCTOBER 2019 BOARD EXAM DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS

Substitute t = 10 and S = 107.7 in  13.75  3 2 dh

tan   x  3 8 (4)
Eq.2:
 x  12 dt
3 dh
dS 16(10) tan    0.64 m / min
  1.485 m/s 13.75 dt
dt 107.7 x
x
14. B. – 0.001
11. C. 50 3x
tan   2 E  IR
Let: C = total cost per hour x  13.75
N = speed in miles per hour 1.2  IR  Eq.1
 3x 
  tan 1  2 
 x  13.75 
C  fuel cos t  others Differentiating both sides with respect
1 du to its individual variable:
C  kN 2  100  Eq.1 Note: d(tan u) 
1  u2 Note: d(uv)  udv  vdu
where:
 dR   dI 
Fuel cos t  kN 2 3x 0  I   R  dt   Eq.2
u 2  dt   
25  k(25) 2 x  13.75
1 9x 2 Substitute R = 6 in Eq.1:
k u2 
  1.2  I(6)
2
25 x  13.75
2

I  0.2
Substitute k in Eq.1:
du 
 
x 2  13.75 3  3x  2x 

 
2
1 2 x 2  13.75 Substituting I = 0.2, dR/dt = 0.03 and
C N  100
25 R = 6 in Eq.2:
Substituting:
 dI 
d du 0  (0.2)(0.03)  (6)  
Let: x = total cost per mile   dt 
total cos t per hour dx 1  u 2
x du
dI
 0.001 amp / sec
miles 0
speed in dt
hour 1  u2
1 2 0  du
N  100 15. B. 1/2
x  25
0
 
x 2  13.75 3  3 x  2x 
Lim
1- cos x
N
  x2
2 x  0
N 100 x 2  13.75
x  Lim 
1- cos 0 0
 , indeterminate
25 N 2x 2  x 2  13.75 (0)2 0
dx 1 (-100)
  x  13.75
2

dN 25 N2 Apply L’Hopital’s rule & substitute x

x  3.708
1 (-100) = 0:
0  
25 N2 13. A. 0.64 m/min Lim 
sin x
N 2  2500 R=6
2x
N  50 mph sin 2(0) 0
Lim   , indeterminate
2(0) 0
r
12. C. 3.71 m
H = 12 Apply L’Hopital’s rule again:
h 1  cos x cos x
3 lim 
x 0 x2 2
1  cos x cos 0
 lim 

2.5 1 x 0 x2 2
V  r 2 h  Eq.1
3 1  cos x 1
1.5 lim 
By ratio and proportion: x 0 x2 2
6 r
x

12 h 16. C. 2x sec (x^2 + 2) tan (x^2 + 2)
h y  sec(x 2  2)
r   Eq.2
5.5 2 Note: d sec u = sec u tan u du
2.5
Substituting Eq.2 in Eq.1: where: u  x 2  2; du = 2x
+  2
1 h y '  sec (x 2  2) tan (x 2  2)(2x)
x x V    h
5.5 3 2 y '  2x sec (x 2  2) tan (x 2  2)
tan      
x 
V  h3
tan   tan  5.5 12 17. C. – (9/4)y^3

1  tan  tan  x 4x 2  8y 2  36
2.5 Differentiating both sides with respect
 tan  to t: x 2  2y 2  9  Eq.1
x 5.5

2.5 x
1 tan  dV 3 2 dh Differentiating both sides:
x  h 2x  4yy '  0
13.75 dt 12 dt
2.5  x tan   5.5  tan  -2x
x y' 
Substituting dV/dt = 8 and h = 4: 4y

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EXCEL REVIEW CENTER ECE REVIEW FOR OCTOBER 2019 BOARD EXAM DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS

-x 1 ydy  ydx  xdy

y'   Eq.2 m2  -
2y m1 ydy  xdy  ydx
1 dy(y  x)  ydx
Taking second derivative: m2  -
-4 / 3 dy y
1  y(1) - xy '  
y"  -    Eq.3 m2 
3 dx x  y
2  y2  4
23. C. (2, -3)
Substitute Eq.2 in Eq.3: Using point slope form: The equation of parabola is:
  -x   y - y1  m(x - x1 )
y  x 2  4x  1
y-x  3
y"  -
1  2y   y-3  (x - 4)
2 y2  4 Differentiating:
  4y -12  3x -12 y '  2x  4
 
3x - 4y  0
 x2 
 Since y’ is the slope and is equal to
1 2y 
y
y"  -  21. B. sec x zero:
2 y  0  2x  4
2 3/2
1  (y ') 2 



 R 2x  4
y ''
1  2y 2  x 2  x
4
y"  -   y+ln cos x = 0
2y 2  2y  2
y = - ln cos x x2
2y 2  x 2
y"  Note: d(ln u) =
du
4y 3 u Solving for y when x = 2:
where: y  22  4(2)  1
Substituting Eq.1 in y’’: u  cos x
9 y  4  8 1
y"  - 3 du = - sin x
y  3
4y  -sin x 
y'  - 
 cos x  24. D. Undefined
18. C. y^2
y '  tan x Using implicit differentiation

x
 
xy 2  5y  6 = y 2 (1) + 0 y"  sec2 x 6x  2xy' 2y  2y  y'  0
2y  6x
 y' 
x
 
xy 2  5y  6 = y 2 Substituting y’ and y” to solve for R: 2x  2y
1   tan x 2 
3/2 When x = 1
19. B. 2/5 R  3  2y  y2  2
sec2 x
x 2  y 2  6x  10y  5  0 y2  2y  1  0
Note: slope = y’
Note: 1  tan2 x  sec2 x (y  1)2  0
Differentiate and substitute x = 1 & y
sec x  y  1
3/2
2
= 0.
2x  2yy '- 6  10y '  0  0 R Therefore, 2x + 2y = 0, so dy/dx is not
sec 2 x
y '(2y  10)  6 - 2x defined at x = 1
sec3 x
6 - 2x R
y'  sec 2 x 25. A. 1/pi
2y  10 R  sec x A  r 2
6 - 2(1)
y'  22. A. y/(x + y)
dA
 2r
dr
 Eq. 1
2(0)  10 dt dt
4 ln  ln y   ln y  ln x
y'  dA dr
ln  ln y  y    ln x From given 2 .
10 dt dt
y' 
2  ln y  y   x Substituting in Eq. 1
5 dr dr
x 2  2r
ln y  dt dt
20. C. 3x + 4y = 0 y
1
Differentiating both sides with respect r
x 2  y 2  25 
to y using the following formulas:
du 26. C. 2
Let: m1 = slope of the given curve
d
m2 = slope of the normal line 1. (ln u)  dx ln e2x  2x
dx u
Differentiating and substituting x = 4 v
du
u
dv
d
dx
 
ln e2x 
d
dx
(2x)
& y = 3: d u dx dx
2.   2
2x  2yy '  0 dx  v  v2
x 4
y'  - - dy ydx  xdy
y 3 
4 y y2
m1  -
3

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EXCEL REVIEW CENTER ECE REVIEW FOR OCTOBER 2019 BOARD EXAM DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS

27. C. y = - 3x + 1
y  x 3  3x 2  2
y '  3x 2  6x
y"  6x  6  0
x  1
For x = - 1
y '(1)  3
Only y = -3x + 1 has a slope of – 3.

28. C. 0
f (x)  x 3  3x 2
f '(x)  3x 2  6x
 3x(x  2)
It changes sign from positive to negative
only at x = 0

29. C. (1, 1)
y x
1
y' 
2 x

By Mean Value Theorem, we have

1 2

2 c 4
c 1

Therefore, the point is (1,1)

30. A. – 6 sin 3x cos 3x

y  cos 2 3x
d
y '  2 cos 3x  (cos 3x)
dx
d
y '  2 cos 3x( sin 3x)  (3x)
dx
y '  2 cos 3x( sin 3x)(3)
y '  6 cos 3x sin 3x

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