Name : _____________________________ Chapter 8 Dynamic Ecosystem

__________________________________________________________________________________
WORKSHEET 8.4 : Problems faced by mangrove trees and adaptations to overcome the
problems
Masalah dihadapi oleh pokok paya bakau dan penyesuaian untuk mengatasi masalah

S_______ , M_____ and w_________ condition

Keadaan tanah yang _________, _______ dan H_____
___________ concentration of salt
Kepekatan garam
yang _____

SOIL SALT
Tanah Garam

PROBLEMS FACED BY MANGROVE TREES

MASALAH YANG DIHADAPI OLEH POKOK PAYA
BAKAU

OXYGEN LIGHT INTENSITY

Oksigen WIND Keamatan cahaya
Angin

L____ level of oxygen ______ light intensity

Aras oksigen yang _______ S______ coastal wind Keamatan cahaya yang ______
Angin laut yang _____

1
______________________________________________________________________________________
MODUL BERFOKUS BIOLOGI
JPN PULAU PINANG 8.4/1
 Name : _____________________________ Chapter 8 Dynamic Ecosystem
__________________________________________________________________________________

Have____________ to
excrete salt water that
enters through root cells
___________ osmotic pressure than the surrounding salt water
Mempunyai _______ untuk
Tekanan osmotik yang _______ berbanding air laut (masin) di sekeliling
menyingkirkan air masin yang
masuk melalui sel akar

________ cuticle
Root cells
to reduce
Sel akar
transpiration
Kutikel yang _____
untuk kurangkan
transpirasi Adaptation of Seeds ________ seeds
Leaves Mangrove Trees to Biji benih Biji benih _______
daun Overcome Problems
i)___________ - Penyesuaian Pokok
able to store Paya Bakau untuk Able to germinate while
water Mengatasi Masalah still being attached to the
parent tree.

Root System
Sistem akar

Avicennia sp Rhizophora sp Bruguiera sp

Long ___________ __________ roots ______________ roots

underground Akar __________ Akar ________
cable roots
Akar bawah
tanah yang To anchor the To support the plants and to
panjang
Thin vertical plants to the
breathing roots trap more silt and mud
mud Untuk menyokong pokok dan
Akar pernafasan Untuk melekatkan memerangkap lebih banyak
melintang yang pokok pada
Support in the soft lumpur dan
nipis lumpur
and muddy soil and
protect from strong
coastal wind
Menyokong dalam
tanah yang lembut
dan berlumpur dan
memberi perlindungan
daripada8.4/1
angin laut
yang kuat

2
______________________________________________________________________________________
MODUL BERFOKUS BIOLOGI 8.4/2
JPN PULAU PINANG
 Name : _____________________________ Chapter 8 Dynamic Ecosystem
__________________________________________________________________________________
WORKSHEET 8.4 Problems faced by mangrove trees and adaptations to overcome the problems

High concentration
Soft , Muddy and waterlogged condition of salt

SOIL SALT

PROBLEMS FACED BY
MANGROVE TREES

OXYGEN LIGHT INTENSITY

WIND
Low level of oxygen
High light intensity
Strong coastal wind

Have hydatodes to excrete

salt water that enters
through root cells

Higher osmotic pressure than the surrounding salt water

thick cuticle to Root cells

reduce
transpiration

Seeds Viviparous
Adaptation of seeds
Leaves
Mangroove Trees to
Succulent - able Overcome
to store water Problems Able to germinate while
still being attached to the
Root System parent trees

Avicennia sp Rhizophora sp Bruguiera sp

Long Pneumatophores Prop roots Buttress roots

underground
cable roots
To anchor the To support the plants and to
Support in the soft Thin vertical plants to the trap more silt and mud
and muddy soil and breathing roots mud
protect MODUL
from strong 3
______________________________________________________________________________________
BERFOKUS BIOLOGI
coastal JPN
wind
PULAU PINANG
8.4/3