PRINCIPLES OF VISAYAN GRAMMAR

madámo niya nga hámbal. I do not know what may be his intention

iga dágat. On the surface of the wide sea. May hubág siá sa kilid

ya figa toó. He has a swelling (tumour, boil, ulcer) on his right side.

Ang bautistéryo ára sa luyó sang simbáhan sa toó náyon. The bap-

tistery is at the side of the church a little to the right. Ang Parián

malapít sa llóngilong, ápang malayó sa Kápis. Molo is near Iloilo, but

far from Capiz. Sa olíhi. Finally. At last. Ngáa man ñga sa olíhi ikáw

sang ibán? Why are you behind the others? Why are you in the rear

aly. physically or intellectually)? Ang magabít sa olili gid sang

(sa) tanán amó ang mga pilasón. Last of all arrived the

Sa pihák sang búkid. On the other side of the mounta wounded.

sang bakólod. On the far side of the hill. Sa tabók sang saá. Beyond

Sa pihák

the rivulet. On the far side of the brook. Sa tuá sag kagiláñgan.

In the middle (centre) of the forest jungle).

At the lower end of the village. Sa takástákas sang subd. A little

IS SaRg báryo.

higher up the river bank. Dirá sa únhan saráng na makita ang atóp

sang ermíta. There farther ahead can now be seen the roof of the

chapel. Lántaw ka sa únhan. Look ahead. Consider the future.

Sa is article and at the same time the most widely used pre-

position in Visayan.

CHAPTER X 155

15) palíbut, maglíbut round about, around, round, surrounding, encompassing, encircling, on all sides,
going round, e.g.
Palibut (Maglíbut) sa baláy may All round the house there is (was) a isá ka matahúm ñga hardín beautiful
garden and surrounding

(pamulákan) kag maglíbut si that a high and strong fence.

ná may isá ka matáas kag ma-

pág-on nga talútug.

Nagpanan-áwtán-aw silá sang tanán They contemplated all the beautiful

nga mga katahumán palíbut. things surrounding them(round

about them).

16) sa atubáñgan (sang), sa atúbang (sang), sa támpad (tamparán)

(sang) -over against, vis-a-vis, before, in presence of, in front

of, facing, opposite to, confronting, e.g.

atubá an (tamparán) sang In front of the church (house, school,

simbáan (baláy, buluthúa etc.).

ete.) acin ng (opposite to, visavis) my

Sa támpac (tamparán, atuháñgan,

atúbatg) sang ákon hulút. room.

Sa iya at ibáñ gan. In front of him. Facing him. Con-

fronting him. Face to face with

him.

Si esu gindalá sa atubáñgan ni esuS was ught before Ann Cai-

Anas, ni Káypas, ni Piláto kag phas, Pilate and Herod.

ni Eródes.

Dálhon zo ikáw sa atubáñgan sang I shall ring you before the judge.

17) a siní (siná) ñga bágay (paági; pahíto, pahitóhíto, padihútan,

/pandihútan, patúga) in this (that) way, by this or that system

/ (method), by (through) such means; by such contrivances (ef-

forts, artful designs, machinations, tricks), by (through) this or

that stratagem, artifice, ingenuity, device.

Sa amó fga bágay, ete.- By such means, in that same Way

etc.

Sa bágay (paági) ñga In such a way that... so that. with

the result that.. etc.

Pinaági sa- way of. by means of

through. , or the like,'

Sa ina Caimó) nga mga pahitóhíto y such devices (ingenuities, shifts,

nalikawán niya ang katalág ricks) he avoided the danger.

man.

156 PINCGIPLES o VISATA GRMR

He fell from the wall in such a

Nahilog siása padér sa bágay iga at he broke his arm.

nabáli ang iya bútkon. nThrough the mail I have received th,

Pinaági sa koríyo nabáton ko na 1 book I need.

ang ún-an iga kinahánglan

18) sa gwá (guá) (sang)- -outside, on the exterior o, at (rom) the

)Ouside, withou, outwardly, externally, beyond, ou of the

limits of.

Sa gwá sang baláy (simbáhan, bán- Outside the house (church, town, Ma.

Wa. Manila, etc.). nila, etc.).

Ang baláy kon tulkon sa gwá (gi The house looked at from the otside

kan sa gwá) dili gidl matahim, is not beautiful at all, but its i
ápang ang iya siná nga sulúd terior is beautiful indeed.

matahúm kaáyo. good, but in-

Amó siá ang isá ka táo ñga maáyo That is a man outwardly go

sa gwá kag maláin sa sulúd. wardly bad.

19) sa higád (sang) alongside, parallel to, at the side of, in a nook

or corner of, in an out-of-the-way place."

May bánas man sa higád sang dá There is also a trail alongside the road.

lan.

Sa bisán diin figa higád sang hán- In any nook COrner. place) of the

Wa. town (municipality, state).

Ang mga panápton ga lalábhan Put the clothes to be washed 1nto a

(bulunakán) ibutáng mo s corner of the room.

higád sang hulút.

20) sa hitáas -on high, hence: above, before, in a preceding Sen-

tence or on a preceding page, etc.

Ang nasámbit sa hitáas-- What was mentioned aboye

Ang ginsilíng ko kaína sa hitáas- fore)

What I said above..'

Ibutáng mo iní sa hitáas. Put this on high. Place it somewhe e

above or before the place it occu

pies now.

up than, on the surface or upper end of.

Sa ibábaw sang atóp. Above (over, on top of) the roof.

Sa ibábaw sang látolk (lamisa) On (Above, Over, Upon) he talblé

CHAPTERXV 157

Usisáon mo gid ang sa ibábaw kag Search the house upstairs and down-

ang sa idálum sang baláy kay stairs and you may perhaps find

bási pa lang makita mo ang the ring that was lost.

síngsing nga nadúla.

Amó iná (ini) ang lakát sa ihabaw This is the way how things go ln on

Sinino dúta ñga luháan. the surface of) this vale of tears,

22) sa idálum (sang) - below, underneath, under, beneath, on the

underside, down, downstairs, in a lower part of, on a lower level of.

Sa idálum sang látok (hágdan, dá- Under the table (stairs,s Sea. earth

gat, dúta, láñgit). heaven)

Sa idálum sang atóp sang baláy. Beneath (under, below) the roof of the

house.

Sáka ka diri sa ibábaw, índi ka Come up here, don't stand down there.

magtíndog dirá sa idálum.

Nagpahúway kamí sa idálum sang We rested under the tree.

káhoy.

Ambót kon anó balá áyhan ang íya ] do not know what may be hid (what

nga katuyoán sa idálum sang may be his intention or purpose)

madámo níya ñga hámbal. under cover of so much talk (of

his).

Tulúka kon anó ang yára sa idá- See what is under the mat.

lum sang baníg. Jump down.

Lúkso ka pa idálum.

Lukeohí ang bató dirá sa idálum. Jump down on that stone there.

Indi pa náton masáyran kon anó We do not (cannot) know yet what is

balá ang natágo sa idálum siná. hidden underneath (it, that).

23) sa ikaáyo (sang)- _for, in behalf of, for the benefit or welfare of,

for the good or interest of, for the advantage of.

Buháta iní sa ikaáyo sang bánwa Do this for the good of the town as

páti sang iya siná ňga mga well as of its inhabitants.

pumulúyo.

24) Sa ikaláin (sang) - against, to the detriment of, to the injury,

damage or prejudice of.

Kag amó ang iya iga ginbúhat sa And that he did expressly to harm the

kaláin gid sang duñgág ni Pé reputation of Peter(..against Pe-

dro. ter's reputation).

Iná sa ikaláin gid sang imo mga. And that is precisely what (a matter

palaabúton. Iná ikaláin (ika- that) will injure your prospects.

dáut) gid sang-

158 PRINCIPLES OF VISAYAN GRAMMAR

25) sa kadáygan (sang) _ before, in view, in sight, in public; o

" the surface of, on the best side of. On

Sa kadáygan sang malápad figa dá On the surface of the wide sea.

Sa kadáygan sang búg-os figa ka- Before (in sight of, in view of) the

gat.
libútan. whole world. In view of all,

Sa kadáygan sang íya nawóng sa- By the expression on his face we can

ráng náton mabása ang gina- read the suffering 1s under

ántus níya ñga kalisúd. golng.

26) sa kamunóan kag (sa) katapúsan - at the beginning and at the

end, hence: after all, in spite of all efforts, in spite of everything,

when everything is considered, upon the whole, when everything

is said and done.

Sa kamunóan kag (sa) katapúsan After all that is the proper thing for

amó gid ang ígo nga ímo paga- you to do.

buháton (buháton).

Sa kamunóan kag katapúsan dág- In spite of all you may say or do he

on ka níya. is going to worst (beat) you.

27) sa kílid (sang) - alongside (of), parallel to, at the side of, on

the flank of, at the margin (edge, border) of.

Sa kilid sang bapór (sakayánhú- At (On) the side of the steamer.

las). Alongside the steamer.

May hubág siá sa kílid níya ñga He has a swelling (tumour, ulcer,

toó. 'boil) on his right side.

Sa kílid sang díngding (látok, hu- At the side of the partition (table.

lút, simbáhan, etc.). room, church, etc.).

NoTE: Kilid is generally not used in connection with the side

(edge, margin, bank, etc.) of rivers, lakes, seas, Oceans, The terms

to be employed in those cases are: bíbí, bígki, higád, pángpang, báy-

bay, luyó, tákas, takasán, or the like.

28) sa laláng (san through, by means of, by the ageney of, by.

"-ñga ipinanámkon sa laláng sang Espíritu Sánto. who was

conceived by the Holy Ghost".

Sa laláng sang pagbúlig sa íya ni B means of the help given him by

Pédro kag sa mapísan ga pag- Peter and through diligent work he

pañgabúdlay nalúas na siá sa is now free of debt.

iya mga kautañgán.

CHAPTER XV 159

29) sa likód (likorán) (sang) behind, at the back of, in the rear,

in a backward direction from, backwards from, after.

Sa likód sang (Sa likorán sang) At the back of (Behind) the school,

buluthúan, lulutoán, pamulá- kitchen. garden, church. etc.

kan, simbáhan, etc.

Sa likód . Sa ya likorán At his back. Behind him. Behind his

(likód). back. After him. Following himn.

Gindáyaw níya siá sa íya atubáñgan He praised him in his presence and de-

kag ginlibák sa íya likorán. famed him in his absence (behind

his back).

30) (sa) luás (sa, sang) - apart from, except, excluding, besides, not

counting, over and above, moreover, furthermore; outside, on the

outside of, without, beyond the limits of, in a situation outside

or foreign of.

Apart from this (that).1

Luas siní (siná). /lOrover. Fur-

heremore.

Sa luás sang baláy, hulút, bánwa, Outside (Without) the house, rOonm.

etc. town, etc.

Luás sa ginsúgid níya Over and above what he has said..

Ginbakál ko iní sa luás. I bought this outside (in a foreign

country, 1n n a place beyond the

limits of this locality), etc.

Ang luás sang simbáhan. - The outside (exterior) of the church.

The grounds surrounding the church.

What is outside the church.

Luás iná sa áton kasugtánan. That is outside our agreement. That

Luás na siá sa amó iga katiling is no part of our agreement.

He is now outside that society i. e he

ban. is no longer a member of that so

ciety.

Note: gáwas is sometimes (comparatively seldom) used like luás in

the meaning: except, to the exclusion of, apart from, not inclu-

ding, with the exception of, e.g. Si Adán kag si Iba gintugútan

sang Diós sa pagkáon sang mga búñga sang tanán iga mga

káhoy iga himuñgá gáwas gid lámang ang isá. God permitted

Adam and Eve to eat the produce of all the fruit trees with the

exception of only one. Gáwas ang mga baláy ñga bág-o kag

mapág-on ang tanán ñga nga baláy sang ámon minuró nap.

kan sang pagbágyo. With the exception of the new and strong

houses all the other houses of our village were wrecked during
the storm.

160 PRINCIPLES OF VISAYAN GRAMMAR

31) sa luyó sang at the side of, near, along with, in the proximity

of, in company with, with.

Ang anák iga mausíkon naghán- The prodigal son greatly longed to be

dum sing dakú magbálik sa with his father again.

luyó sang íya amáy.

Sa luyó sang baláy. At the side of the house. Not far from

the house. In the neighbourhood

or proximity of the house.

Ang bautistiryo ára sa luyó sang The baptistery is at the side of the

simbáhan sa toó náyon. church a little to the right.

Ang báta yára dirá sa luyó sang The child is there beside its aunt (near

iya tíya. its aunt).

2) (sa) olihi (sang) - late, etc.; behind, late, after, at the back of

in the rear, following at some distance, not in time, too late, back-

wards in comparison to others, etc.

Sa olíhi. At last. Finally. In the end.

Rgáa man nga sa olíhi ikáw sang Why are u following behind the

ibán others (the rest) ? Why are you

in the rear (locally, physically,

morally, or intellectually)? Why

are you taking a back seat?

Olihi ang pagabít mo; ang bapór You are too late: the steamer has left.

naghalín na.

Diín ang mga kaupdánan mo? - Where are your companions? They

Sa olíhi pa. are behind. They are following in

the rear.

Ang nagabút sa olíhi gid sang ta: Last of all arrived the wounded.

nán amó ang mga pilasón.

Sang olihi (Sa olihi) nahanabóF Finally it happened that...

nga

33) sa pamúsud (sang) - in the corner or angle of, in a nook or re-

cess of, in an out-of-the-way place, aside, apart.

Sa panmúsud sang baláy. At (In) the corner or angle of the

house (building).

lbutáng mo iní sa pamúsud sang Put this (it) in a corner of the room.

hulút (kwárto).

Sa pamúsud sang díngding. In the angle of the partition.

CHAPTER XV 161

2) s lhán Ceang) at the head or tap of, at the wpper end of, at

the highest or most prominent place of.

Sa siohán ang látok, higdáam, Ká At the hesd of the table, ed procesion

tay, hágdan, etc. (parade), ladder (stairs), etc.

Maglíngkod ka dirí sa olohán sang sit down here at the top of the dining

kalán-an. table (refectory).

inverse side of, at the back of a wall, partition, house, mountain,

on the farther side of.

sa pihdk samg ddla, dláget, Ima, On the oher (arther) side of the rogd.

búkid, etc. lake, sea, mountain, etc.

Sa pihák siníng pánid. On the back (the reverse side) of this

sheet.

*Sa pihák sang bakólod. On the far side of the hill.

Sa pihák sang kúmbung. Behind (On the 'other side of) the cur

tain.

Sa pihák sang subá. Aeross the river. On the opposite (far)

side of the river.

3) sa sulad (sang) ithin, inside of, during, in the course of, in

the interior of, in.

Sa sulúd sang kwárto.. In the room.

Sa sulúd sang baláy, káhoy, Sim- Inside (In the interior of) the house,

báhan, tabuñgós, bagól, ete. tree, church, rice-basket, skull, etc.

Sa sulúd sang duhá ka búlan. Within (In, In the course of) two

months,

Sa sulúd sang ya pagtoón sa Ma In the course of his studies in (at)

níla. Manila.

Walá siá sa sulád sang lulutoán, 1 He is (was) not in the kitchen, school,

buluthúan, dispínsa, e pantry, etc.

37) sa tabók (sang) -Sa tabók sang dálan, subá, lúblub, etc. Across

(Beyond, On the far side of, On the other side of) the road, river,
ravine, etc.

Sa tabók sang táytay. Over the bridge. Beyond (On the

Principles of Visayan Crammar other side of) the bridge.

162 PRINCIPLES OF VISAY AN GRAMMAR

Nakíta ko siá sa tabók. I sa him in the region beyond 1. e

(very frequently)i Yegros, n

Guimaras, in any place that from

the standpoint of the speaker is be.

yond a certain valley, mountain

range. lake, inlet of the sea, chan.

nel. etc.

Tabók has often the same meaning

as pihák above 35).

2 How shall we (can we) get across the

Anó ang pagtabók ta sa lúbluh? gorge (ravine, defile,S sunken road,

etc.)?

35) sa tákas (takasán) (sang)above, higher up, on a higher leve!.

on the upper side or end of, a little away (and on a higher level)

from a river, lake, etc.

Ang baláy ni Pédro ára gid dirá sa Peter's home is there rather high up

tákas (takasán) sang subá, ang from the river bank, ours is quite

amon a takástákas gid lá- near the river.

mang.
39) sa tiln (sang) at the foot or lower end of, at the lowest point

of, in the lowest or humblest position, etc.

Sa tilán sang halarán, látok, hig At the foot of the altar, table, bed,

dáan. kalán-an, búkid, etc. dining table, mountain, etc.

Humapá siá sa iya tilán (sa tiilán He prostrated himself at his feet.

níya).

Yárá siá dirá nga nagaluhúd sa tii There he kneels at the foot of the cross.

lán sang krus.

40) sa tuñgá (sang), sa katúng-an (sang) in the midst (middle, cen-

tre) of, among, amongst, surrounded by, ete.

Sa tuñgá sang (ang) gáb-i. At midnight. In the middle of the

night.

Sa tuñigá sang hulú, haláy, halalig In the middle of ihe room, houst,

yáan-bánwa, mga tináo, kagulá. town-market, men, forest, etc.

ngan (katalúnan), ete

Sa tuñgá sang amó iga mga táo In the midst (centre, middle) of those

(same) men.. Among (Surround-

ed by) those (same) m men.

Sa katign katungánan ) sang In the middle of his mareh i.e. about

iya laláktan. half-way (mid-way) to his destin

ation

CHAPTER XV 163

41) sa tupád (sang) - nearby, by, at the side of, close by, side by side,

adjoining, adjacent, etc.

Sa tupád (tuparán) sang ila baláy Adjoining their house is a rice-mill.

may galiñgán-humáy.

Sa tupád (tuparán) sang simbá. At the side of the church is the belfry

han may kampanáryo nga na- that stands quite apart (alone) at

gaántadsa simbáhan sing mga about thirty feet distance from the

katloán ka tápak kag nagatín- church.

dog nga isáísa lang.

42) sa ubús (sang) below, under, farther down, on a lower level,

underneath, at the lower or humbler end of, etc.

amOn haláy yáre sa ubás Our house is situated at the lower end

sang báryo, ang iya nánday of the village, the one belonging to

Lukás ára sa tákas. Lucas and his family at the high

(upper end of the village).

Sa ubús sang dálan. At the lower end of the street.

43) sa ínhan (sang) - ahead of, before, farther away, beyond, on

" ihe farther side of, further along, in advance, onward; in the fu-

ture, in time to come, etc.

Sa únhan sang dálan. Further on the road. Farther ahead on

the road.

Dirá sa únhan saráng na makíta There farther ahead can now be seen

(kitáon) ang atóp sang baláy. the roof of the house.

Mapahúway kitá sing diótay dirá ' We'll rest (ourselves) a little while

sa oloúnhan sa may baláy. (there) a little farther ahead where

the house is (stands).

Lántaw ka sa únhan. Look ahead. Consider the future (the

time to come)

44) sámtang (nga)- during, while, whilst, meanwhile, as, when,

whereas, in the interval, at the same time as, as long as. Sámtang

is really a contraction of sa hámtang- in place (of), in position

(of), etc. The Spanish word miéntras is colloquially often used

in the same meaning as sámtang.

Sámtang (hga) gaton siá a While he was studying 1n Manila his

Manila napatáy ang íya amáy. father died.

Indi akó makabakál sing áwto 1 camnot buy an äutomobile as long

sámtang iga) walá akó sng as I have no money.

kwárta. 6*

164 PRINCIPLES OF VISAYAN GRAMMAR

Nagasugilánon silá sa sulúd sang They are talking in the reception room

kadákan (sálas) sámtang room and meanwhile he is reading

figa) siá ya nagahása sa íya in his own room.

hulút.

45) súpuk (sa)- See bátok 6) above.

Súpuk siá sa kay Pédro. He is in opposition to Peter.

Súpuk iná sa íya mga sogo. That is contrary to his orders. (Sú-

puk is not very frequently used).

46) täbtub (s)-til until, up to, as far as, to;, even, not excepted,

included, to such a high degree, so much so that, etc.

Túbtub sa ikapúlo ka ádlaw sang Until the tenth of July.

Húlyo. Till to-morrow.

Túbtub sa buás.

Túbtub sa kon sán-o pa. Túbtub Until any time or whatever date. For

sa bisán kon sán-o pa. ever. For always.

Kútub sang Enéro túbtub sa Hún-1 From January to June.

yo.

Maháskug gid ang unús iga . The wind was very strong so that even

tub anb ibán ga mga baláy some large houses were overturned.

ñga dalágku napúkan. (ásta (Spanish: hasta) is frequently

used in colloquial speech in the

same sense as túbtub and, in Hi-

nıraya, even at times as equiva

lent to kútub.)

47) tuñgd (sang, sa, etc.) See bañgúd 5) above. (Sa) Nahanuñgúd,

nahatuñgúd, tuñgúd (sang, sa) -regarding, respecting, with re-

gard to, in reference to, about, concerning, touching, in connection

with, with respect to, as far as something is concerned, etc.

Indi ka maghámbal sa íya (sa) na- Don't talk to him about those (such)

hanuñguid (nahatuñgúd, ete.) matters.

sang (sa) amó iga mga bu-

táng.

(Sa) Nahanuigúd (Nahatuñgúd, As to how his business progresses

etc. sang (sa) paglakát sang (prospers) I have no knowledge

iya palatikáñgan (nigósyo) (information) whatever.

walá gid akó sing kasayóran.

Nahanuñg Nahatuñigúd, Natu With regard to this (that).. As far

nigád (Sa nahanuigúd, etc.) as this (that) is concerned..

siní Sina -

CHAPTER XV 165

g upúd(sa), kaupúd(sa) - with, together with, in company with

48) (of).

upád sa íya nagabát akó diri - Together with him 1 arrived here yes.

hápon. terdav.

Kaina sang ága upád sa kay Pédro This morning in company with Peter

nagdúaw akó sa ila ni Huán. I visited John and his family.

Upid sa íya nakaabút man ang iya His luggage arrived together with him.

kadalhánan.

Upád sa amó figa sulát naháton ko Together with that letter I have also

man ang laráwan iga ginlakíp ceived the picture you enclosed.

mo.

cindiaw kami kahápon sang Sin The Bishop yisited us ysterday te

jr Obíspo upúd sa Bikáryo gether with the Vicar General.

yor

Hinirál.

Upid sa íya mahímo mo áyhan Together with him you may be able to

ina, ápang ikáw figa ieá lang do i,. but if you are alone i is

indi makahímo siná (. . apang impossible.

kon ikáw lang iga isá índi gid

(mahimo)

49 walá'y sapayán (sang, sa)- notwithstanding, though, although, in

spite of, even if, yet, however, nevertheless.

Walá'y sapayán siní Sina In spite of this (that).

Walá'y sapayán sang ulán (ñga Even if it rains I shall leave to-morrow

nagaulán) malakát gid akó sa without fail.

buás. . Hle won't come back not even for the

Indi na siá maghálik waláy sapa- salary they are offering to

yán sang matáas ñga sóhol nga him (that is heing offered to him).

Sádto ánay kubús siá niga táo; aormerly he was a man of very lo

ginatányag sa íya.

payán makadgtsiá standing; nevertheless has

sing matáas nga palañigakoán. reached a high position. (máskin

(Spanish: por mas que) is collo-

quially often used in the meaning

of walá'y sapayán and hisán)

Páti is really more a conjunctive particle than a preposition in

n. But as it also means: with, together with, we have put

Visayan The body together with the soul. Body

it down here.

Ang láwas páti (ang) kalág. and soul.

CHAPTER XV 167

51) The following expressions are Spanish and, though colloquially

very often used, should be avoided as much as possible, because

they are really not needed and sound very strange sandwiched

in between good Visayan words.

kóntra a-(Spanish: contra)-against, contrary to, in opposition to,

etc. (cf. bátok sa, súpuk sa)

dísdi sang-(Spanish: desde)s -Slnce , from, after, beginning with

starting from, ete. (cf. kútub, halín, humalín, súgud, sumúgud,

gíkan, guimíkan, sang)

ásta sa- -(Spanish: hasta) -until, to, etc. (cf. sa, túbtub sa)

intónsis-(Spanish: entonces) then, at that time, thereupon, on that

occasion; well then, if that is the case, if things have come to such

a pass, etc. (cf. sádto, sang úna, sang amó iná, kon amó iná, sang,

amó kag, dirí (dirá, dídto) kag, sa amó iná)

myíntras-(Spanish: mientras) meanwhile, during, as. when, while,

whilst, etc. (cf. sámtang, sa, sang)

miéntras tánto, desde luégo, el mismo, hasta la vuelta, etc. a

Spanish expressions and should not be employed at all

when speaking Visayan.

166 PRINCIPLES OF VISAY AN GRAMMAR

Ang nagakaígo ga pagpañigabid. Suitable work is good for the body as

lay maáyo sa láwas páti (sa) . well as for the soul.

kalág.

Ang hán wa páti ang iya sina nga The town together with its inhabitant

mga pumulúyo. The town and its inhabitants,

Cinpasipaláhan niya ang Sánta lg- He reviled Holy Church as well as her

lésya páti ang íya siná ñga mga rulers.

punoan.

Am nó ang ikaáyo. gid sang bágos That is (was) indeed for the good of
niya ga panimaláy páti (sang his whole family as well as for his

ya) pagkabutáng. property.

Note: Páti may be joined to a following noun either without con.

nective particle or with the article in the same case as the

preceeding noun, e.g.

Ang ilóy páti anák Ang ilóy páti ang anák Mother and child. The

mother with the child.

Sang ilóy páti anák Sang ilóy páti sang anák Of Mother and child.

Of the mother with

the child.

Sa ilóy páti anák Sa ilóy páti sa anák To Mother and child.

To themother with

ete. etc. the child.

etc.

páti is followed by an adjective, or by å noun in the plural

number it is çustomary and more correct to repeat the article of

the preceding part, e.g.

Ang ilóy páti ang malalíson níya The mother and her disobedient child.

ga anák The mother with her..

Sang ilóy páti sang malalíson níya Of the mother and her disobedient

nga anák child.

Sa ilóy páti sa malalíson níya aTo the mother and her disobedient

anák child.

Ang ilóy páti ang mga sologoón. The mother and the servants. The
mother with the servants.

Sang ilóy páti sang mga sologoón Of the nmother and the servants.

Sa ilóy páti sa mga sologoón, etc. To the mother and the servants, etc.