COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT SOIDARITY
AND CITIZENSHIP REVIEWER
“Together we stand, divided we fall.” John F.
Kennedy
“As a body is one through it has many parts and all
the parts of the body. Though many are one body,
so also as Christ.” Corinthians 12:12
“Each part of the body is unique and important.
Like us the each of us is unique and our uniqueness
can help strength our community.”
MAJOR THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE
1.) Functionalist perspective
Community > Society
 Parts of society are structured to
maintain its stability.
 Any society as a vast network of
connected parts, which of each helps
to maintain the system as a whole.
 MANIFEST FUNCTION
- Open, stated and conscious
functions; involved in the
intended, recognized
consequences of an aspect of a
society.
- i.e. universities role in certifying
academic competencies.
 LATENT FUNCTION
- Unconcious, unintended
functions of an institution.
- i.e hold down unemployment
 DYSFUNCTION
- An element or process of a
society that may actually disrupt
the social system or reduce its
stability.
2.) CONFLICT PERSPECTIVE
 Assumes that social behavior
is best understood in terms of
tension between groups
between the power of
allocation of resources
including housing, money,
access to services and
political representation.
 THE MARXIST VIEW
- Economic and social system
based upon the political and
economic theories of Karl Marx
and Friedrich Engels.
 THE FEMINIST VIEW
- Sees inequalities in gender as
central to all behavior and
organization.
WHAT IS COMMUNITY?
- Ecological communities are
composed of populations which
share a defined area and interact.
- Community ecology
COMMUNITIES ARE DYNAMIC
- Community structure is not static
but changes over time as a result
of things like the arrival and the
effects of outside forces such as
hives and floods.
- Dynamic, constantly changing.
DISTURBANCE AND SUCCESSION
- Disturbance and succession are
two processes of ecological
change.
DISTURBANCE
- Is any relatively discreet event in
time that disrupts the ecosystem,
community or population
structure and changes resources
substrate availability for.
COMMUNITY ACTION
- Action undertaken and usually
also initiated and organized by
any member of a community for
 the community’s own
improvement
SUCCESSION
- Community engagement
- Is the repeatable change in the
community to achieve long term
and sustainable outcomes;
processes, relationships,
discourse.
- To be successful
- Working collaboratively with
and through groups of people
affiliated by geographic
proximately, special interest, or
similar, situations to address
issues affecting the well being of
these people.
SECTION 22: The state recognizes and promotes
the rights of indigenous cultural communities within
the framework of national.
MATERIAL CULTURE – can be naturally seen
NON- MATERIAL CULTURE – norms, beliefs,
system, values, sanctions, wages, laws.
SOCIOPOLITICAL COMMUNITIES
CULTURAL COMMUNITIES
ECONOMIC COMMUNITIES
DIVERSITY
- It means understanding that each
individual is unique and
recognizing our individual
differences. These can be along
the dimensions of the race,
ethnicity, gender, sexual
orientation, socio economic
statues, age. Physical abilities,
religious beliefs, political beliefs,
or other ideologies.
CULTURAL COMMUNITIES
- A social group of any size whose
members is a specific locality,
share governments and often
value a common local and
historical heritage.
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE’S RIGHTS
REPUBLIC ACT. NO. 8371: An act to recognize,
process and promote the rights of religious cultural
communities. Indigeneous people establishing and
implementing mechanisms, appropriating funds,
therefor and for other purposes.
ECONOMIC COMMUNITIES
- Any economic and / or political
alliance which is specifically
designed to foster trade and
cooperation among its member.
Countries, it’s underlying
purpose. It is ti reduce trade
barriers.
SOCIO POLITICAL COMMUNITIES
- Is something that involves both
social and political factors
SOCIO POLITICAL COMMUNITIES’ RIGHTS:
1. RIGHT TO PROTECT INDIVIDUALS’
FREEDOM FROMimfringement by the
government, social organizations, and
private individuals.
2. Right to ensure one’s ability to participate in
the civil rights.
WHAT IS COMMUNITY POWER?
-We define community power as a project of
approach in it.
- Local stakeholders own a majority of
stocks of the project or organization, or community
members.
COMMUNITY POWER
 It is the power of community where the 2. Participative or Democratic
organizations, insitutions, and other group in the 3. Free reign or Laissez Faire
community engage and collaborate together in order
to obtain the community’s objective. The majority OTHER STYLES OF LEADERSHIP
of the project of organization’s social and economic 1. Participative leadership
benefits are distributed locally. Decision making is based on group
Each organization has a leader, to lead and consultation and information is
manage the group. A leader has a great role in shared within the group.
motivating members and others to move with 2. Achievement oriented leadership
passion towards a common goal, i. Challenging goals are set
high. Performance is
LEADERSHIP encouraged while showing
confidence in the group’s
The ability to develop a vision that ability.
motivates others to move with a passion toward a 3. LIKERT SCHELL OF LEADERSHIP
common goals. So leadership is a process by which Dr. Dennis Likert was a
a person influences others to accomplish an management theorist.
objective and directs the organization in a way that
make it more cohesive and coherent.

Leadership is the process of social influence

in which on person can enlist the aid and support of
others in the accomplishments of a common task.

FOUR FACTORS OF LEADERSHIP

LEADER- You must have an honest understanding

of who you are and what you know and what you
can do. To be successful, you have to convince your
followers not your superiors, that you are worthy of
being followed.

FOLLOWER- You must know your people. The

fundamental starting point is having a good
understanding of human nature. Such as needs,
emotions, and motivations.

COMMUNICATION- The non verbal

communication is leading by setting an example.

SITUATION – We must use our judgement to

declare the best cause of action and the leadership
style needed for each situation, what we will do in
the situation will not always work in another.

STYLES OF LEADERSHIP

1. Authoritarian or Autocratic