Chapter 1: The Problem and Its Background

A. Introduction

Nowadays youth has changed. Juvenile are more aggressive and they always

want to be on trend. They don’t want to feel out of place in a community so whatever

his peers do, he gets involve too. This concepts of youngster are the one who’s

pushing them to do things they are not allowed to or pushing them to abuse what they

can do. This is where vices enters their life and start to change it slowly.

Vices are practices, behavior, or habit generally considered immoral, sinful,

criminal or rude in the associated society. There different kinds of bad habits such as

too much usage of social media, drinking too much alcohol, smoking cigarettes,

gambling, too much playing computer games, etc. In more minor usage, vices can

refer to a fault, a negative character trait, a bad or unhealthy habit (such as an

addiction to alcohol or cigarettes).The more they abuse it the higher the chance that

it can change their life in any aspects. There are also possibilities of; showing different

kinds of behaviour such us cutting classes, being uncontrollable, deceiving his family

and teachers, insanity, being arrogant and the worst part is not to pass their subjects,

are some of the effects when you have vices

The researchers have chosen to conduct this study because we have

encountered different kinds of it in our lives and also the effects of it are alarming to

all of us. Before everyone else gets dragged into this chaos, the researchers would

like to inform everyone that getting addicted to something is not good and for them to

be aware that everything you do should be in moderate because “too much” will kill

you. Therefor this study tends to know the negative effects of different kinds of

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addiction in the academic performances of the students in our school. It is also a form

of disorder that professionals are studying on how to formulate any prevention

especially for students because excessive use of substance and computers are

problems that can have serious effect in both the user and the people around him.

B. Scope and Delimitation

The researchers have agreed to gather data within the students of Grade 9 Faith

and Diligence, Grade 10 Excellence and Integrity, Grade Eleven Peace and Grade

Twelve Compassion. The experiment will be conducted within the premises of Village

Montessori School at Consuelo Subd., Bayanihan, Gapan City, Nueva Ecija.

C. Statement of the Problem

Drinking alcohol can be your stress reliever same as smoking cigarettes,

playing online/ video games and gambling but everything you do too much has

bad effects. Without self-control it can consume most of their time and it can

decrease their productivity

Due to the arising problem, the researchers come up with the following research

question;

1.1 Does everyone in this school have vices?

2.1 Does it gives you below average grades?

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 3.1 Does it affect their studies?

D. Hypothesis of the Study

Hypothesis: Vices does not affect the academic performance of the students

Null Hypothesis: Student with vices are more likely to have their grades low

because of their absence in school

E. Significance of the Study

This study aims to explain the importance of knowing the negative impacts of

different kinds of vices to academic performance of students:

Students- they get entertained of what they do. Peer pressure is the major cause

of youth involvement in social vices. Students spend more time with their friends

at school or at home. Nowadays students easily addicted because they want to

follow up to trends.

Parents- they will be aware of what will be the consequences if they will not give

time to their children or give attention. They need to discipline their children to the

right path.

Teachers- they will know how to guide their students to avoid doing bad habits

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F. Definition of Terms

Juvenile - a young person.

Gambling - play games of chance for money; bet.

Euphoria – a feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness

Insanity - the state of being seriously mentally ill; madness

Neuroscience - any or all of the sciences, such as neurochemistry and

experimental psychology which deal with the structure of function of the nervous

system and brain

Illicit – forbidden by law, rules or customs

G. Theoretical Framework

Social Learning Theories of Albert Bandura (1993: 66-70) stating “That

people learned observationally through observing others, from forms of an ideas

how new behavior are performed and from this coded information serves as

guides for action.” This social learning theory explains human behavior and

environmental influences (1993:69)

Bandura further believes in reciprocal determinism, which is the world and

the person’s behavior cause each other, while behaviorisms essentially states

the one’s environment causes one’s behavior. He considered personality as an

interaction between three (3) components: the environment, the behavior and

one’s psychological process (1993:70)

In this theory, it is assumed that the students’ cognitive development

results from a behavioral process (Eysenck; 120-122) where by a student learns

how to smoke, drink alcohol, gamble, internet/video games and drugs through

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 the influence with someone else usually the parents, friends, neighborhood and

peers

Having vices can produced a “rush” – feeling of relaxation, euphoria,

election and enhanced sense of well- being. Anxiety, depression, shyness and

social awkwardness and relieved, at least temporarily. Those are the advantages

of having vices. But too much is not good for their health and also for their

studies.

H. Review of Related Literature and Studies

Kurume Med J. 1990; 37(3):129-40.

Smoking habits among senior high school students and related factors.

Abstract

The present study was conducted to provide baseline data for an anti-

smoking educational program. Nineteen public senior high schools in a prefecture

in Kyushu, Japan, participated in the study. In July 1982, unsigned self-

administered questionnaires on smoking habits were answered by 4689 students-

-3088 males and 1601 females--during a homeroom under the supervision of their

class teacher. The proportions of students who admitted that they had smoked

cigarettes were 45.9% for males and 18.2% for females at the ordinary schools,

and 78.1% for males at vocational schools. Eleven to twenty percent of male

students had already smoked cigarettes in primary school. More male students in

vocational schools had smoked than either male or female students in ordinary

schools. Over 40% of vocational school students were regular smokers, in contrast

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to 11.8% for males and 3.4% for females at ordinary schools. It was also noted

that the younger the students, the earlier the age at which they had smoked their

first cigarette. The incidence of smoking at the primary school age appeared to be

correlated with the incidence of smoking by a family member and at high school

age with the incidence of smoking by a friend. Spending money and a friend who

smoked were strongly associated with current smoking status of high school

students, while parental smoking had a weak association. These results suggest

the need for anti-smoking education beginning in a lower grade in primary school.

Effects of alcohol among students

This paper examines the effects of alcohol use on high school students’

quality of learning. The researchers estimate fixed-effects models using data from

the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Our primary measure of

academic achievement is the student’s GPA abstracted from official school

transcripts. The researchers find that increases in alcohol consumption result in

small yet statistically significant reductions in GPA for male students and in

statistically non-significant changes for females. For females, however, higher

levels of drinking result in self-reported academic difficulty. The fixed-effects

results are substantially smaller than OLS estimates, underscoring the importance

of addressing unobserved individual heterogeneity.

RELATED LITERATURE ABOUT ONLINE GAMES

In the past decade, research has accumulated suggesting that excessive

Internet use can lead to the development of a behavioral addiction.

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 The aim of this review is to identify all empirical studies to date that used

neuroimaging techniques to shed light upon the emerging mental health problem

of Internet and gaming addiction from a neuroscience perspective. Neuroimaging

studies offer an advantage over traditional survey and behavioral research

because with this method, it is possible to distinguish particular brain areas that

are involved in the development and maintenance of addiction.

THE EFFECT OF TOBACCO SMOKING ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

OF STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY OF STUDENTS OF COLLEGE OF

EDUCATION

This research study was solely designed to examine the issues of tobacco

smoking and its effect on academic performance of students. In the course of this

research, the concept of tobacco and the effect as well as misuse was looked into.

The study was aimed at finding out how parent, family background, peer group

and curiosity of students etc. contribute to tobacco smoking problems among

students, with special focus on drugs like cigarettes, alcohol, coffee, that some

students smokes. The investigation also show that tobacco smoking induce

memory loss and alters behavior. It was also discovered that tobacco usage affects

academic performance and causes loss of ambition. Therefore, the work

recommends proper educational consequences of tobacco smoking, the provision

of counselling services to school and the imposition of some levies to restrict the

production of tobacco. It also recommends that the mass media should month

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heavy campaign against tobacco and also calls for the introduction of meaningful

and educational activities to the students.

Evaluating an Individual’s Treatment Needs

Addiction among High School and College Students

Adolescents and young adults in high school and college face many

unique pressures and stressors in their lives. Coupled with an underdeveloped

frontal lobe, the region of the brain responsible for impulse control, decision-

making, and mood regulation, these particular age groups may be prone to

substance abuse.

High school and college students may be more influenced by social

pressures and more likely to engage in risky behaviors than other age groups.

According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), by the time individuals

reach their senior year of high school, 70 percent will have tried alcohol, 50 percent

will have abused an illicit drug, 40 percent will have smoked a cigarette, and 20

percent will have used a prescription drug recreationally, or for nonmedical

purposes.

Alcohol is the number one substance of abuse for this demographic, with

marijuana being the top drug of choice, according to the U.S. Department of Health

and Human Services (HHS) Office of Adolescent Health. The Monitoring the

Future (MTF) survey of 2014 reported the following statistics for use of an illicit

drug in the past year or lifetime prevalence of alcohol use among teen and young

adults:

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 Illicit drug abuse:

 12th graders and college students: 39 percent

 Young adults aged 19-28: 38 percent

 College students: 79 percent

 12th graders: 66 percent

 10th graders: 49 percent

Young adults or teenagers may feel that alcohol and/or drugs may help them fit in

socially. Substance a using drugs or alcohol at a young age before the brain is fully

developed can create a host of emotional, physical, social, behavioral, and interpersonal

issues, however. Abuse of alcohol and drugs by high school and college student may

present unique circumstances wherein specialized treatment methods are ideal to foster

a health abuse can reduce inhibitions, and raise self-confidence levels temporarily.

Some drugs, such as stimulants like amphetamines, may be used to boost energy

and help individuals stay awake and focused, making them popular as “study drugs,”

especially for college students trying to get ahead academically. Between 2008 and 2014,

amphetamine usage among college students in the year leading up to the MTF survey

almost doubled from 5.7 percent to 10.1 percent.

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 Chapter 2: Research Methodology

A. Research Design

This study is made in the use of quantitative and qualitative methods of

indemnifying the impacts of vices to the academic performance of the students.

Quantitative research focuses on gathering numerical data and generalizing it

across groups of people or to explain a particular phenomenon. Qualitative

research is type of social science research that collects and works with non-

numerical data and defined as a market research method that focuses on

obtaining data through open-ended and conversational communication. It

focuses on the “why” rather than the “what” of social phenomena and relies on

the direct experience of human beings as meaning-making agents in their

everyday lives

Random sampling was employed in the selection. Using the random

sampling method, 5 students from each grade (9-12) were selected to

participate the questionnaire

B. Research Locale and Subject of the Study

Our study will be conducted in our school which is Village Montessori

School located at Consuelo Subdivision, Bayanihan, Gapan City, Nueva Ecija.

The correspondence of this study are the junior and senior high school from

grade 9-12.

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C. Sources of Data

Primary sources can be collected through test questionnaires and

interviews. For primary sources the researchers conducted a survey by giving

test questionnaires to grades 9-12 by random sampling. Secondary sources were

gathered by collecting data from the internet with the help of Google, chrome and

other websites.

D. Procedure of the Study

The first step is to make a request letter. The researcher asked

permission to the principal of Village Montessori School, Ma’am Estrella F.

Lopez. After the approval of the principal, the researchers started the survey.

This study intended to collect information regarding the effects of vices to

the academic performance of students

In administering the questionnaires, the researcher use the time allotted

for vacant to avoid distraction of class discussion. The students’ responses were

given enough time to answer the question.

The research materials were personally administered the grade 9-12

students by the researcher. The students were briefed on the purpose of the test

and proper instructions were given before the researchers started the experiment

The students were given individual sets of questionnaires and were to

answer the question given by the researchers

The researchers, then, gathered the data and then will perform

interpretation

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 Chapter 3: Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis of Data

The questionnaire answered by grade 9 to 12 by random sampling were

statistically analyzed with the data requirements. Here are the outcome of the

researchers experiment

1.1 Do you have vices?

40%

60%

YES NO

Graph 1.0 shows that 18 or 60% of respondents agreed that they do not have

vices or NO and 12 or 40% of the respondents says YES. However the experiment

shows that out of 30 student 12 of them have vices.

No. Of Respondents Percentage

YES 12 40%

NO 18 60%

TOTAL 30 100%

This implies that more students here in Village Montessori School have no vices

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 2.1 IF YES WHICH OF THESE ARE
YOUR VICES?
Drugs

Gambling

Internet/ Video
Games

Drinking Alcohol

Smoking Cigarettes

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Graph 2.0 states that out of 30 students none of the respondents takes DRUGS,

16.66% or 2 of the respondents does GAMBLE, 100% or 12 of the respondents are

addicted to INTERNET/ VIDEO GAMES, 83.33% or 10 of the respondents drinks

ALCOHOL, and 1 of the respondents smokes CIGARETTES.(Students can choose 2-5)

Vices No. Of Respondents Percentage

DRUGS 0 0%

GAMBLING 2 16.66%

INTERNET/VIDEO 12 100%
GAMES
DRINKING ALCOHOL 10 83.33%

CIGARETTES 1 8.33%

TOTAL 12 no. of student who

have vices

This implies that the internet and video games are most of the student’s vices

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 3.1 DOES IT AFFECT YOUR STUDY?

UNDECIDED
3% YES
17%

NO
80%

The graph states that out of 30 respondents, 24 or 80% of them disagreed

that having vices does affect their studies, 5 or 17% of the respondents agreed that it

does affect their studies and 1 or 3% of them is undecided.

No. Of Respondents Percentage

YES 5 17%

NO 24 80%

UNDECIDED 1 3%

TOTAL 30 100%

This implies that vices does not affect their study

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 4.1 DO YOU THINK HAVING VICES CAN
MAKE ANY DIFFERENCE IN YOUR
GRADES BEFORE AND AFTER YOU HAD
VICES?
18
12

YES NO

Based in the graph, it states that 18 out of 30 or 60% students thinks that

having vices can make any difference in their grades before and after they had vices

while 12 or 40% of them states that there are no changes in their grades.

No. Of Respondents Percentage

YES 18 60%

NO 12 40%

TOTAL 30 100%

This implies that students in Village Montessori School thinks that if you have vices it

will affect your grades

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 5.1 HOW DOES IT AFFECT YOUR
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE?
25

20

15

10

0
IT MAKES ME ABSENT IT GIVES ME LOW GRADES ITDOES NOT AFFECT MY NONE OF THE ABOVE
STUDY AT ALL

The graph states that 4 out of 30 or 13.33% of the students are affected by being

absent in school, 1 or 3.33% of the students says that it lowers their grades, 21 or 70%

of the respondents said that it does not affect their studies at all and 4 or 13.33% of

them states that none of the above.

Effects No. Of Respondents Percentage

ABSENCE IN SCHOOL 4 13.33%

LOWER THEIR GRADES 1 3.33%

IT DOES NOTAFFECT 21 70%

THEIR STUDIES AT ALL
NONE OF THE ABOVE 4 13.33%

TOTAL 30 100%

This implies that vices does not affect their study at all

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 6.1 WHAT DO YOU THINK WILL HAPPEN IF
YOU GET ADDICTED INTO ONE OF THIS
(SMOKING, DRINKING ALCOHOL, ONLINE
GAMES, DRUGS) ?
3% 3% 14%
4%

23%
23%

10%
20%

EARLY DEATH LOW GRADES ADDICTION FUTURE

LIFE DISTRACTION UNHEALTHY NOTHING

This graph shows that 4 or 14% of students think that vices will cause

early death if you have vices, 7 or 23% of students think that vices will cause their low

grades, 6 or 20% of the respondents thinks that vices will lead you to addiction, 3 or

10% of the respondents think that it will affect your future, 7 or 23% of the students

thinks that it will destroy your current life you are living, 2 or 4% thinks that it is a

distraction in studying, 1 or 3% thinks vices are unhealthy and 1 or 3% thinks nothing

will happen if you have vices

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 Effects No. Of Respondents Percentage

EARLY DEATH 4 14%

LOW GRADES 7 23%

ADDICTION 6 20%

FUTURE 3 10%

LIFE 7 23%

DISTRACTION 2 4%

UNHEALTHY 1 3%

NOTHING 1 3%

TOTAL 30 100%

This implies that students assume that if you have vices it will cause you low grades

and it will destroy your life

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 Chapter 4: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

A. Summary

This study is conducted to determine if there are students with vices. The

study was conducted in Village Montessori School with the participation of

grades (9 – 12) through random sampling. It is conducted to know how it affects

their academic performance or does it affect it. The researchers thought that

students will have a difficulty in their studies if they have vices because it will be

a huge distraction and the students will lose focus towards studying. After a few

days the researchers distributed the test questionnaire and waited for the

answers

The researchers already gathered data. Based in the response, the

researchers have gotten through conducting survey, was “Vices have no effect in

their academic performance.” Therefore the researchers have gotten a null

hypothesis.

B. Conclusion

Base on the summary of findings, the following conclusions are developed.

1. Profile shows that majority of Junior and Senior high school students-

Respondent were 15-18 years old, most of them have vices, especially online

games and drinking alcohol.

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 2. After gathering data, the researchers found out that vices don’t have an effect

to the academic performance of the students.

C. Recommendation

Based from the conclusions previously stated, the following recommendations

are made:

1. Don’t try smoking cigarettes or vaping because it has bad effects on your

health and on your studies.

2. Lessen the internet usage because it can affect your studies and lower your

grades when you get addicted to it.

3. Don’t try any forms of gambling because you can lose your wealth when

getting addicted to it.

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 Bibliography

 George, Boercee C. Social Learning Theory, 1st edition; 998, Kansas USA

 Eysenck, H. J.; The Structure of Human Personality. Methwen and company, Ltd.

London, 1993 PP. 120 – 122

 Bandura Albert; Introduction to Psychology: Harcourt Brace Jovanich 755, 3 rd

Ave. N.Y. 10017. PP. 548 – 549, 1993

 JEL Classifications: I12, J24Keywords: Alcohol, Academic achievement,

Education, Adolescents, GPA

 RELATED LITERATURE ABOUT ONLINE GAMES

Date: 08/28/14

 Evaluating an Individual’s Treatment Needs, Addiction among High School and

College Students

MARCH 4, 2016 TIM WINTER

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