NSTP
do”
- Program aimed at enhancing civic cosciousneess and defense
preparedness in the youth, by developing ethics of service and
patriotism
COMPONENTS OF NSTP
 Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC)
 Literacy Training Service (LTS)
 Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS)
R.A. 7077 – Section 38 & 39 – establishment of ROTC units
R.A. 9163 – establishment of National Training Service Program
(NSTP) for Tertiary Level students
R.A. 1935 (National Defense Act) – act to provide the national
defense of the Philippines, penalizing certain violations
SELF-AWARENESS AND VALUES DEVELOPMENT
SELF-AWARENESS – awareness of one’s own personality or
individuality
HUMAN PERSON
“having physical, spiritual, emotional, and intellectual attributes” –
Eric L. Estanol
“Soul created by superior” – St. Thomas Aquinas
“Is the measure of all things that exist and of all things that do not
exist” – Protagoras
“Human persons are social animals” – Wilfred San Juan
CHARACTERISTICS OF A HUMAN PERSON
 Conservatism – some men contribute more than others to
society; some men are intended to rule, the rest to obey
 Liberalism – believes that all men are capable of reason
and rational action and have the capacity to live
satisfactory
 Socialism – human being readily engages in cooperative
social activities when given the opportunity
 Fascism – what matters most is the country itself
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
 PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS – basic need like water and
clothing
 SAFETY NEEDS – security and protection
 SOCIAL NEEDS – affection, sense of belonging, and
friendship
 SELF-ESTEEM – achievement, mastery, and confidence
 SELF-ACTUALIZATION – reached the peak of his/her
potential
“Nosce te Ipsum” – know thyself
HABIT – interaction of knowledge, skill, and desire
KNOWLEDGE – theoretical paradigm, the “what to do” and “why”
SKILL – the “how to do”, and desire is the motivation, the “want to
EFFECTIVENESS – the basis of a person’s character, creating an
empowering center of correct maps
7 HABITS OF HIGHLY EFFECTIVE PEOPLE (Stephen Covey)
Be Proactive – ability to control one’s environment
Begin with the end of mind – personal leadership
Putting first things first – personal management
Think win/win – interpersonal leadership
Seek first to understand than to be understood – communication
Synergize – creative co-operation
Sharpen the saw – principle of balanced self-renewal
VALUE – derive from the Latin word “valere” means “be strong”
 Bases of judging what attitudes and behavior
IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING VALUES
 VALUES ARE EXTREMELY POWERFUL
 VALUES HAVE TO DO WITH BEING AND WITH GIVING
 THE VALUES OF BEING (who are we)
VALUES OF BEING
 HONESTY
 COURAGE – attempt difficult things that are good
 PEACEABLENESS – understanding of others feelings
 SELF-RELIANCE & POTENTIAL – person’s individuality
 SELF-DISCIPLINE & MODERATION
 FIDELITY & CHASTITY – value and security
VALUES OF GIVING
 LOYALTY AND DEPENDABILITY
 RESPECT
 LOVE
 UNSELFISHNESS & SENSITIVITY
 KINDNESS & FRIENDSHIPS
 JUSTICE & MERCY
ADOLESCENCE
- Is the conjugator of childhood and adulthood
- Individual goes through many changes
PUBERTY
- Involves distinctive physiological changes in an individuals’s
height, weight, body composition, sex characteristics
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT (Erik Erikson)
 INFANCY (1 year) – Trust vs. Mistrust
 TODDLERHOOD (1-3) – Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
 PRESCHOOL (3-6) – Initiative vs. Guilt
  ELEMENTARY (6-Puberty) – Competence vs. Inferiority
 ADOLESCENCE (teen years-20s) – Identity vs. Role
SOCIALIZATION – process by which social norms, roles, and
Confusion
expectations are learned
 YOUNG ADULTHOOD (20s-early 40s) – Intimacy vs.
Isolation GENDER SOCIALIZATION – expectations in relation to gender are
 MIDDLE ADULTHOOD (40s-60s) – Generativity vs. learned
Stagnation
GENDER DIFFERENTIATIONS
 LATE ADULTHOOD (60s and up) – Intergrity vs. Despair
- Social Roles
PSYCHOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE – period which individual must
establish sense of personal identity and avoid dangers of role - Capacities
- Traits & Characteristics
diffusion and identity confusion
AREAS OR CHANNEL OF SOCIALIZATION
IDENTITY – sense of sameness and continuity
1. FAMILY
DIFFICULTIES IN THE CONTROL OF BEHAVIOUR AND EMOTION
Ruth Harltley note 4 processes involved in gender
 Accidents socialization:
 Suicide  Manipulation – means that handle girls and boys
 Homicide differently as infants
 Depression  Canalization – means that people direct children’s
 Alcohol and Substance Use attention to gender appropriate objects
 Violence  Verbal Appellation – telling children what tjey are
 Reckless Behaviours and what is expected of them
 Eating Disorders  Activity Exposure – familiarizing children to their
 Risky Sexual Behaviours gender-appropriate tasks
2. CHURCH
PUBERTY-SPECIFIC MATURATION CHANGES 3. MASS MEDIA
 Media’s sexualisation of young female celebrities
 Romantic and Sexual Interests
 Marketing of unrealistic beauty through fashion
 Mood Liability magazine
 Emotional Intensity  Music lyrics and videos that promote negative
 Reward Seeking/Sensation Seeking stereotypes and violence
 Changes in Sleep 4. SCHOOL
 Arousal Regulation
 Increased Appetite NATIONAL SECURITY – is a state/condition wherein people’s
 Affective Disorders welfare, well-being, ways of life, government and its institutions,
territorial integrity, sovereignty, and core values are enhanced and
GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT protected
- Approach focuses on the socially constructed basis COVERAGE OF NATIONAL SECURITY
GENDER EQUALITY – means that men and women enjoy the same 1. ECONOMIC SECURITY – condition of having stable income
status and conditions and equal opportunity; NO SEX  ECONOMIC FREEDOM – fundamental right of
DISCRIMINATION every human to control their property
 POVERTY
GENDER is a social characteristics
 CURRENCY CRISIS – borrowing abroad is
SEX is biological characteristics becoming too excessive
 THREAT OF INFLATION
GENDER STEREOTYPING – defined as the beliefs humans hold about  UNEMPLOYMENT
the characteristics associated with males and females; form of  ECONOMIC DISPARITY – unequal
prejudgement, bias, limitation given to roles and expectations of distribution of income and opportunity
males and females between different groups
GENDER ROLE CAN BE AFFECTED BY: 2. ENERGY SECURITY AND NATURAL RESOURCES SECURITY –
ability of a nation to secure sufficient, affordable and
- Race consistent energy supplies
- Ethnicity  OIL SECURITY
- Social Class  NATURAL GAS SECURITY
- Religion  ELECTRICITY SECURITY
 3. ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY – public safety from NATIONAL SECURITY PRIORITIES
environmental dangers
- Human/Personal Security
 SEVERE CALAMITIES
- Cultural Security
4. POLITICAL SECURITY – defense in any political oppression
- Food Security
 GRAFT AND CORRUPTION
- Economic Security
5. MILITARY SECURITY – implies the capability of a nation-
- Environmental and Resources Security
state to defend itself
- Energy Security
 THREATS TO MILITARY SECURITY
- Cybersecurity
o NEW PEOPLE’S ARMY (NPA) – targets
- Military and Border Security
Philippines security forces, politicians,
- Disaster Security
judges, government informers, former
- Information Security
rebels
- Geostrategic Security
o Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) – an Islamic
separatist groups operating in the CITIZENSHIP – position/status of a particular country
Southern Philippines
 ORGANIZED CRIME – conspirational enterprise GOOD CITIZENSHIP – properply fulfils his/her role as a citizen
engaged in illicit activities as means of generating QUALITIES OF GOOD CITIZENSHIP
income
 SMUGGLING - MAKA-DIYOS
- MAKA-TAO
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL - MAKA-BAYAN
- Its primary objective is to fulfil the national vision and - MAKA-KALIKASAN
safeguard the national interests which include the NATIONALISM – identification of one’s own nation
protection of people
- Principal advisory body on the proper coordination and PATRIOTISM – love for country
integration of plans and policies affecting national security
GOOD GOVERNANCE – Exercises prudence in policy setting and
NATIONAL SECURITY INTERESTS decision-making

 Public Safety and Order 8 MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS

 Territorial Integrity
1. RULE OF LAW – requires fair legal frameworks that are
 Economic Solidarity
enforced by an impartial regulatory body
 Moral Spiritual Consensus
2. TRANSPARENCY – means that informations should be
 Cultural Cohesiveness
provided in easily understandable forms and media
 Ecological Balance
3. RESPONSIVENESS – organizations and processesn are
 External Peace and Harmony
designed to serve the best interests of stakeholders within
NATIONAL SECURITY CHALLENGES a reasonable timeframe
4. CONSENSUS ORIENTED – requires consultation to
 INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT understand the different interests of stakeholders
o Law and Order Criminality 5. EQUITY AND INCLUSIVENESS – organizations that provides
o Internal Armed Conflicts opportunity for its stakeholders to maintain, enhance, or
o Terrorism and Transnational Crimes generally improve their well-being
o Economic and Social Threats 6. EFFECTIVESS AND EFFICIENCY – processes implemented by
 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT the organization to produce favourable results
o Overlapping Territorial and Maritime Claims and 7. ACCOUNTABILITY – key tenet of good governance
other Regional Concern 8. PARTICIPATION – participation by both men and women
o Global & Regional Geopolitical Issues
o Global Uncertainty and WMD R.A 9729 CLIMATE CHANGE ACT

NATIONAL SECURITY GOALS CLIMATE CHANGE

- Promote public safety and order - Change occur in our weather patterns
- Safeguard territorial integrity and sovereignty - Also known as GLOBAL WARMING
- Bolster economic strength and solidarity
CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
- Protect and preserve ecological balance
- Promote cultural cohesiveness  NATURAL CAUSES
- Promote moral and spiritual consensus o Volcanic Eruptions
- Contribute to global peace and harmony o Ocean Currents
 o Solar Violation  Every 3 years from March 1993 – ARMM Elections
 HUMAN CAUSES
o Greenhouse Gases REGISTRATION – act of accomplishing and filing of a sworn
o Deforestation application for registration by qualified voter
o Coal Mining REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION
o Burning of Fossil Fuels
o Industrial Processes 1. Filipino Citizen
o Agricultural 2. At least 18 years old
3. Resident of the Philippine for one year
EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE 4. Not otherwise disqualified by law
 Rise in Sea Level VALIDATION OF REGISTRATION
 Heavy Rainfall across the globe
 Extreme Drought - Process of wherein fingerprints of the voter would be
 Decline in Crop Productivity captured electronically at no expense to the voter
 Ecosystems are changing GOVERNMENT
 Rise in Temperature
 EXECUTIVE
R.A 9275 (THE PHILIPPINE CLEAN WATER ACT 2004) o Implements programs & projects
- aims to protect country’s water bodies from pollution o Provides basic services
o Performs ceremonial functions
o ACTION-ORIENTED
o NATIONAL: President; VP
WASTE – are items we (individuals, offices, schools, industries,
o LOCAL: Governor; Mayor; Brgy. Captain
hospitals) don’t need and discard
 LEGISLATIVE
TYPES OF WASTE o Reviews & Evaluates proposals, position papers
o Consults experts
SOLID; LIQUID; HAZARDOUS o Defends & analyses proposed bills
EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT o ANALYST
o NATIONAL: Senator
- Recycle o LOCAL: Congressman; Board Member; Vice
- Grow your garden Governor; Vice Mayor; Brgy. Councilors
- Energy saving appliances
- Plant more trees QUALITIES SHOULD I LOOK FOR:
- Play your part Rigtheous Governance – doesn’t accept bribes
ELECTION – choosing of officials Integrity – deisres to be accountable
DIFFERENT TYPES OF ELECTORAL EXERCISES Giftedness – must’ve qualifications and abilities necessary to carry
 REGULAR ELECTIONS out his/her responsibilities
o National Heart – love for people
o Local
o Barangay Track Record – expertise and professionalism
o ARMM
POLITICAL RHETORIC – refers to the strategies used in politics to
o Sangguniang Kabataan (SK)
create persuasive arguments.
 SPECIAL ELECTIONS
o Plebiscite POLITICAL SYMBOLISM – an effective communication strategy for
o Referandum candidates because of ambiguity; can be seen through telling stories
o Initiative
o Recall CAMPAIGN AD STRATEGIES

HOW OFTEN ARE ELECTIONS HELD? 1. Bio Ads – positive ads which help develop a candidate’s
image.
 Every 2nd Monday of May for national and local elections 2. Attack Ads – point out negative characteristics of the
o President and Vice President: every 6 years opposing candidates
o Senators, Congressmen, Provincial City and 3. Response Ads – created to refute the attack ads from the
municipal officials: every 3 years candidate’s opponents
 Every last Monday of October, every 3 years for Barangay
and SK Officials
Issue Framing – when a politician presents an idea in a light that
makes the audience likely agree with their point.
R.A. 9165 (Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002)
Re-organization of the Philippine Drug Enforcement System
 HALLUCINOGENS – called as “psychedelics”; first
developed as appetite suppressant; any natural or
synthetic psychoactive drugs that produce marked
distortion of the senses and changes in perception;
EXAMPLE – ectasy, ketamine, MJ, and LSD

- Re-organization of the new Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) DRUGS OF ABUSE

as the policy and strategy formulating body
NO. 1 SHABU
- Creation of the Philippine Enforcement Agency (PDEA) as
its implementing arm Contents of Shabu

PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY  EPHEDRINE – (classified as Dangerous Drugs) main

ingredient of shabu causing brain damagae
- Regular law enforcement agency
 TOLUENE – chemical used for paints, adhesives, etc.
- Implementing arm of DBB
 ACETONE – nail cleaner
- Responsible for efficient and effective law enforcement of
 LITHIUM BATTERIES – cancer causing component
all provisions on any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential elements  BATTERY ACID – Corrosive chemical
 DRAIN CLEANER – liquid soap
DRUG – is a chemical substance that brings about physical,  HYDROCHLORIC ACID – (muriatic acid)
emotional or behavioural change in a person taking it.  CHLOROFORM – cancer causing solvent
DRUG ABUSE – use of chemical substance, licit or illicit, resulting to EFFECTS OF SHABU
individual’s physical, mental, social, impairment. It may refer to any
practices like:  IMMEDIATE EFFECTS
- Produces anxiety, tension, irritability, irrational
- Using w/o benefit or prescription that has the capacity to behavior, talkativeness, and loss of self-control
alter the mood or behavior - Results in loss of appetite and inability to sleep
- Using drugs that has no legitimate medical application or - Chest pain, irregulatory of heart beat, lowered
purposes other than research blood pressure, weight loss, convulsion and death
from cardiac arrest
PROFILE OF DRUG USERS
 LONG TERM EFFECTS
SEX: Ratio of Male to Female 9:1 - Prolonged used or even a single exposure
- Presence of Paranoid delusions
CIVIL STATUS: Single 56.94%
- Auditory and visual hallucinations
EDUC. ATTAINMENT: Highschool level 30.62%
NO. 2 MARIJUANA or CANNABIS SATIVA
STATUS OF EMPLOYMENT: Unemployes 32.82%
 IMMEDIATE EFFECTS
PLACE OF RESIDENCE: Urban (NCR) - Hallucinations/Illusions
- Faster heart beat and pulse rate
DURATION OF DRUG-TAKING: more than 6 years - Blooshot Eye/Blurred Vision
NATURE OF DRUG-TAKING: Poly Drug Use - Dry mouth and throat
- Inability to think
ORIGIN OF DRUGS - Acute panic anxiety reaction
 LONG TERM EFFECTS
 NATURAL – anything that comes from nature
- Severe irritation of nasal passages that leads to
 SYNTHETIC – anything that is produced artificially or frequent nose bleeding
processed in laboratory - Heart disease and Strokes
CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS - Psychiatric consequences

 STIMULANTS – known as “uppers”; group of drugs that NO. 3 INHALANTS – chemicals that contains psycho-active;
excite the central nervous system. Increase alertness, example: Glue, Cement, Rugby, etc.
alleviate fatigue, reduce hunger and provide a feeling of  IMMEDIATE EFFECTS
well-being; EXAMPLE – cocaine, methamphetamine - Prone to bleeding and bruises
(SHABU) - Loss of memory
 DEPPRESANT – called as “downers” or “barbs”; drug - Difficulty in learning and seeing things clearly
chemical that decrease the activity of any bodily function; - Loss of bodily control
drugs that reduce the activity of central nervous system; - Cramps, Pains, and Bad Cough
EXAMPLE – sedatives, sleeping pills, tranquilizers
  LONG TERM EFFECTS
- Biological Factors
- Damages to brain, liver, and kidney
- Life Experience
 WITHDRAWAL EFFECTS
o Trauma
- Anxiety and Irritability
o Abuse
- Aggressive Behavior
o Social Disadvantage
- Dizziness, Shaking and Nausea
o Social Isolation
- Insomnia
o Substance & Alcohol abuse
OTHERS ABUSE: ECSTACY - Family history of Mental Health Problems
- Physical Accidents or Illness
SLEEPING PILLS – BENZODIAZEPINES – classified as short, medium,
long acting. TYPES OF MENTAL ILLNESS

TOBACCO – curved leaves of tobacco plant “nicotiana tobacu”  ANXIETY DISORDERS

which contains a very potent ingredient called NICOTINE - Are the most common type of mental illness
- The individual has a severe fear or anxiety, which
CONTENTS OF TOBACCO SMOKE is linked to certain objects or situations
 NICOTINE – important achieve ingredients which is a very - Peope will try avoid exposure to whatever triggers
addictive and toxic (poisonous) substance their anxiety
 TAR - strong associated with cancer and aggravated TYPES:
bronchial and other respiratory diseases o PANIC DISORDER – experiences sudden
paralyzing terror or sense of imminent
 CARBON MONOXIDE – gaseous product of incomplete
combustion it is also known as poisonous emission from disaster
the exhaust of motor vehicles in effect decreases the o PHOBIAS – simple phobias
amount of oxygen in the blood (disproportionate fear of objects); social
phobias (fear of being subject of
CIGARETTE judgement of others); agoraphobia
(dread of situations where getting away
 IMMEDIATE EFFECTS or breaking free may be difficult)
- Smelly breath, hair, and clothes o OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER
- Stained teeth and fingers (OCD) – constant stressful thoughts and a
- Increased heart rate, breathing rate, and blood powerful urge to perform repetitive acts
pressure such as handwashing
- Stimulated central nervous system o POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
 LONG TERM EFFECTS (PTSD) – this can occur when somebody
- Sickness has been through a traumatic event –
- Heart Attack something horrible or frightening that
- Cancer they experienced or witnessed
- Ulcers  MOOD DISORDER
- Infertility - AFFECTIVE/DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS
ALCOHOL - Significant changes in mood
TYPES:
- Powerful drug o MAJOR DEPRESSION - individual is no
- Ethanol or Ethyl Alcohol longer interested in activities that they
- Toxic and Poisonous drugs previously liked.
- Damages all the major organs of the body o BIPOLAR DEPRESSION – known as
MANIAC-DEPRESSIVE ILLNES. Switches
MENTAL HEALTH – state of well-being in which the individual
from espisodes of euphoria to depression
realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses
o PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER –
of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a
known as DYSTHYMIA, has similar
contribution to his/her community
symptoms to major depression but with
IMPORTANCE OF MENTAL HEALTH & AARENESS TO A PERSON lesser extent
 SCHIZOPHRENIA DISORDER
- Realizes their full potential - Single disorder of a group of related illnesses has
- Cope with stresses of life yet to be fully determined
- Work productively - The individual has thoughts that appear
- Make meaningful/contribution to their fragmented; they also find it hard to process
communication

FACTORS THAT CAUSES MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES

R.A. 11036 PHILIPPINE MENTAL HEALTH LAW (06/21/18) - Stick with loyal partners
- Correct use of condoms
- mental health policy that aims to enhance integrated mental
- Don’t take prohibited drugs
health services, the protection and promotion of mental health
- HIV/AIDS Awareness
services
DISEASE Mode of CAUSE SYMPTOMS TREATMENT PREVEN
EARLY SIGNS OF MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEM Transmis TIONS
sion
- Sleeping/Eating too much or too little ACUTE PERSON- Virus/ Cough; Increased oral Wear
- Feeling as if nothing matters RESPIRATORY TO- Bacteri Fever; fluid intake; disposable
- Low Energy INFECTION PERSON a Difficulty in Small frequent masks
breating feeding;
- Using drugs more than normal Antibiotic
- Confusion INFLUENZA PERSON- Influen Fever; Immediately Cover your
- Thinking of harming one’s self or others TO- za Headache; consult your mouth
PERSON Virus Lack of doctor; when
- Delusions Appetite; Antiviral drugs coughing/sn
- Hearing voices Runny Nose; as prescribed eezing;
Sore throat Proper
TREATMENT OF MENTAL ILLNESS hand
washing;
Regular
1. PSYCHOTHERAPY – psychological approach to treating
Exercise;
mental illness Manage
2. MEDICATION – some medications can improve symptoms Stress
TUBERCULOSIS INHALATI Mycob Cough more INH for BCG
3. SELF-HELP – including lifestyle changes such as reducing
ON OF acteriu than 2 children below Vaccine;
alcohol intake, sleeping more, eating well BACTERIA m weeks; 5 y/o Active
RELEASE Tuberc Chest/Back Exercise;
MAINTAINING POSITIVE MENTAL HEALTH FROM AIR ulosis Pain; Loss of Get enough
Weight rest; Proper
- Getting professional help Hygiene
- Connecting with others SORE EYES DIRECT Adenov Redness No treatment Proper
CONTACT irus begin in 1 needed for hand
- Staying positive W/ HAND eye; Itchy acute phase (1- washing;
- Helping others CONTAMI painful 2 weeks) Minimize
NATED sensation in hand to eye
- Getting enough sleep
W/ EYE the affected contact;
- Developing coping skills SECRETIO eye Avoid
N crowded
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) places
TYPHOID CONTAMI Headache; Antibiotics as Cook food
- Virus can only infect humans FEVER NATED Sustained precribed well; avoid
FOOD High Fever; eating in
- The effect of the virus is to create deficiency (a
Malaise; unsanitary
failure to work properly) within a body’s immune Diarrhea; street food
system Anorexia
MEASLES DROPLET PARAM Flat red spot Measles Increased
- Organism is a RETROVIRUS which means it can
YXOVIR lasting for 3 Vaccine oral fluid
produce itself by taking over the machinery of the US days intake
human cell CHICKEN POX AIRBORNE Varicell Redish Cold compress Isolate
a Virus rashes that on head; Warm patient in a
- Microorganism that destroys immune system
became shower room
TYPES: HIV-1; HIV-2 blister
DENGUE Mosqui High fever Increased fluid Search and
ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS) to Bite that last 2-7 intake destroy; self
days; protection
- Infection may be transmitted from one person to Nosebleedin measure;
g; Dark seek early
another
Colored consultatio
- Immune system is compromised Stool n; say yes to
- Person would experience a collection of fogging
RABIES BITE/SCRA Pain of bite Wash bite ares; Immunize
symptoms which could be fatal
TCH site; Muscle Anti-Rabies the dog at 3
FROM spasm; Vaccine months old
HOW DOES HIV SPREAD? ANIMALS Delirium/Par every
alysis thereafter;
- BLOOD Never allow
- VAGINAL FLUID your dog to
roam the
- SEMEN
street
- BREASTMILK

PREVENTIONS BY: JAN MARY VIRAY TAROG (grabe na to guys goodluck sa braincells niyo)
- Abstinence