Day 1- Research Methodology

Types of Research:
Basic/Pure/Fundamental
Applied Research

Subdivision of both:
Exploratory: Gain new insight on existing phenomena
Conclusive: To add more variables to existing research

Subdivisions of Conclusive:
Descriptive: To describe characteristics with new variables
Experimental: Cause and effect relationships between well
defined variables

Types of Descriptive:
Cross-sectional: Data from one particular time
Longitudinal: Data from different time intervals (Generally
studies that show impact have this kind of research)

Research Design: Roadmap to go ahead

Research Process:
!. Define research problem
#. Extensive literature review
$. Objective and hypothesis formulation
%. Research design
○ Sampling design
○ Observational design
○ Statistical design

&. Data Analysis

G. Data findings
H. Report formulation

Defining a good research problem.

What are the factors affecting decrease in footfalls in DLF Mall
How to increase the number of footfalls in DLF Mall
The latter is more actionable as factors could also include reasons
that arenʼt in your hands like quality of cinemas, change in choices,
etc.

Research Design: Blueprint of research

Research Objective:
To measure the awareness level of abc policy of HDFC bank in
Pune.
● Sampling Design: Who will be my respondent?
– Define your target population. People having HDFC bank
accounts in Pune
– Identify sampling frame: Exhaustive list of all the elements
falling under the target population. Is it available? Yes/no. If
available, is it accessible? Yes/no. Available but not
accessible.
– Identify the sampling method.
!. Simple Random Sampling: Sample selected when
everything has equal probability, the total number of
population should be available. Should be used when
sampling frame is available/accessible.
#. Non-probability Sampling: Biased sampling based on
convenience
– Define sample size
Methods of Unbiased Sampling:
!. Simple Random Sampling
#. Systematic Sampling
$. Stratified sampling
○ Proportionate stratified
○ Disproportionate stratified
%. Clustered sampling
Methods of Biased Sampling:
!. Convenience Sampling
#. Judgemental Sampling
$. Quota Sampling
%. Snowball Sampling

Questions:
– Quota (Biased) vs Stratified (Random)
– Cluster (Area-wise) vs Stratified (Random)

Questionnaire vs Schedule Method: