Design and Fabrication of Multipurpose Material Handling Machine

Abstract
Comfort coupled with safety and simplicity is what man strives for. Our project has been to bring
about both .The culmination of our effort has resulted in development of a new “Design &
Fabrication of Multipurpose Material Handling Machine”. The project present a basic as well as
very professional treatment of the subject in a very comprehensive, based on learning effort and
understanding capability of today as per their levels. The device is simple and comfortable. Basic
calculation, drawing, designing is included in the project The salient features of our machine can
be listed as the mechanism used is very simple, easy for operation; no skill is required to operate
the machine. Hydraulic cylinders are used at high pressures and produce large forces and precise
movement. For this reason they are constructed of strong materials such as steel and designed to
withstand large forces. Because gas is an expansive substance, it is dangerous to use pneumatic
cylinders at high pressures so they are limited to about 10 bar pressure. Consequently they are
constructed from lighter materials such as aluminum and brass. Because gas is a compressible
substance, the motion of a pneumatic cylinder is hard to control precisely.
Introduction
The device affords plenty of scope for modifications, further improvements & operational
efficiency, which should make it commercially available & attractive. If taken up for commercial
production and marketed properly, we are sure it will be accepted in the industry. Cylinders are
linear actuators which convert fluid power into mechanical power. They are also known as JACKS
or RAMS. Hydraulic cylinders are used at high pressures and produce large forces and precise
movement. For this reason they are constructed of strong materials such as steel and designed to
withstand large forces. Because gas is an expansive substance, it is dangerous to use pneumatic
cylinders at high pressures so they are limited to about 10 bar pressure.
Consequently they are constructed from lighter materials such as aluminum and brass. Because
gas is a compressible substance, the motion of a pneumatic cylinder is hard to control precisely.
The basic theory for hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders is otherwise the same. Material handling
equipment is mechanical equipment used for the movement, storage, control and protection of
materials, goods and products throughout the process of manufacturing, distribution, consumption
and disposal. The different types of handling equipment can be classified into four major
categories. Transport equipment, positioning equipment, unit load formation equipment, and
storage equipment. The major subcategories of transport equipment are conveyors, cranes, and
industrial trucks. Material can also be transported manually using no equipment
Objectives:
1. To make a complete mechanical device: The idea is to make a device which does not use
any electrical power so that it is fully independent of its electricity.
 2. To make a device which is suitable economical for small Scale industries: taking in to
consideration the cost factor this device is suitable for small scale as well as large scale
industries.
3. Taking safety as a prime consideration: This device is safer in all aspects.
4. To build a device which can do various operations like glass handling and fork lift.
Methodology:
1. Collected the information about the raw materials to be used in the project.
2. Design of the machine using Solid Works 9.0.
3. Collection of the spare parts.
4. Building of frame work and assembly of parts.
5. The result of machine verified and noted down.
Working Principle
Oil Circulation is there through all components as per hydraulic circuit, here we are Appling the
pressure with the help of a handle and it works according to the Pascal law this machine does the
work of lifting the glass well as fork lift this machine is used to lift glass, and any plane object
Hydraulic Circuit
Result
Consideration in Machine Design When a machine is to be designed the following points to be
considered:
i. Types of load and stresses caused by the load.
ii. Motion of the parts and kinematics of machine. This deals with the type of
motion i.e. reciprocating. Rotary and oscillatory.
iii. Selection of material & factors like strength, durability, weight, corrosion
resistant, weld ability, machine ability are considered.
iv. Form and size of the components.
v. Frictional resistances and ease of lubrication.
vi. Convince and economical in operation.
vii. Use of standard parts.
viii. Facilities available for manufacturing.
ix. Cost of making the machine.
 x. Numbers of machine or product are manufactured.
Merits
1. Easy in operation.
2. Low cost
3. Simple construction.
4. Adaptable.
5. High capacity.
6. Performance.
7. Manually operated.
8. Environmental friendly.
9. Easy to setup
Application
1. Use to handle glass, from one place to another.
2. Use to position tiles on the floor.
3. Used as a fork lift in industry to carry goods in the plant
4. Used to lift tiles, glass or we can say any flat object with good surface finish
Scope for Future Work:
We feel the project that we have done has a good future scope in any engineering industry. The
main constraint of this device is the high initial cost but has low operating costs. Savings resulting
from the use of this device will make it pay for itself with in short period of time & it can be a
great companion in any engineering industry dealing with rusted and unused metals. The device
affords plenty of scope for modifications, further improvements & operational efficiency, which
should make it commercially available & attractive. If taken up for commercial production and
marketed properly, we are sure it will be accepted in the industry. It has plenty of scope if the
device is made larger in size so that the capacity of shearing the metals is more and it can be used
in the factory premises.
Conclusions
1. The Purpose is to make a machine which does not use any electrical power so that it is fully
independent of electricity.
2. Mainly the design was made to lift 100 kg but in practical it lifted 80 kg.
3. Biggest challenge is vacuum cup alignment with high suction force.
4. Maneuverability of device is good and handling of device is simple.
5. Future application like traverse movement of the sleeve where it cannot be reached
manually
References
[1] Pantazopoulos G, Vazdirvanidis A. ―Fractographic and metallographic study of spalling
failure of steel straightener rolls‖. Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention 2008;8(6):509–14.
[2] Pantazopoulos G, Vazdirvanidis A, Toulfatzis A, Rikos A. ―Fatigue failure of steel links
operating as chain links in a heavy duty draw bench‖. Engineering Failure Analysis
2009;16(7):2440–9.
[3] Figueiredo MV,et al. ―Analysis of a heavy duty lift truck. Engineering Failure Analysis‖
2001;8:411–21
[4] Sachs NW. ―Understanding the surface features of fatigue fractures: how they describe the
failure cause and the failure history‖. Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention 2005;5(2):11–5.
Project Done By Mr. Sagar V Jadhav, Mr. Abhishek K, Mr. Adarsh Kumar, Mr. Tejasvi A
Coin Operated Portable Water Vending Machine
Abstract
Now a day’s water vending machines are available and operated on only one coin but our aim is to design
water vending machine which is operated on different coins. In India there is problem of safe drinking water
therefore we are going to provide mineral water. Water has become the most commercial products of the
century. This may sound bizarre, but true. The stress on the multiple water resources is a result of a
multitude of factors. On the one hand, the rapidly rising population and changing lifestyles have increased
the need for fresh water. If opportunity costs were taken into account, it would be clear that in most rural
areas, households are paying far more for water supply than the often-normal rates charged in urban areas.
Also, if this cost of fetching water which is almost equivalent. To 150 million women days each year, is
covered into a loss for the national exchequer, it translates into a whopping 10 billion rupees per year.
Introduction
The necessity for drinking water may arise irrespective of place. It is highly important to quench the thirst
and can become number one priority before any other work. Our project aims on satisfying the public with
its need for drinking water at any random place like bus stops, shopping centres or even street side by
designing and fabricating a “Portable Water Vending Machine”.
Our further implications apart from reducing the size includes a massive reduction in capital investment of
the machine in comparison with the Water Vending Machines installed byIndian Railway and Tourism
Corporation at nine different locations across the country.
The machine is a result of integration of Mechanical and Electronic concepts to bring about a compact
product. It would occupy space not more than 2x2ft. on the ground. It provides portable water at equal costs
to that of the Water Vending Machines of the Indian Railway and Tourism Corporation. Also, the capital
costs will be reduced 20x times in comparison to the prior.
Objectives:
1. To provide purified drinking water.
2. To provide portable water at economical cost.
3. To develop modelling and simulation.
4. To design and fabricate a portable machine using simple techniques.
5. To adopt simple design mechanism that can be easily maintained.
6. To make use of existing pre-purified water bottles (20lts can) as refills for vending
machine.
7. To encourage local Entrepreneurs.
8. To extend drinking water facility for common public.
Methodology:

1. Understanding the need for the machine:

 The present condition of water availability is scarce. So, it is important to use it in required amount
only.
 The quantity of plastic wasted in packing drinking water is very high, i.e. 50 billion bottles per year
in U.S alone. Among that only 10% gets recycled. So, when 20lts bottles are widely used, usage of
small plastic bottles is reduced
2. Defining the Problem:

 The existing Water Vending Machine is an expensive machine that costs 2.5-3 lakhs.
 The IRTC Water Vending Machine Occupies a large space of about 6x6x8ft.
  In order to reduce cost of Pre purified drinking water and make it available at all places an problem
is stated as to design and fabricate coin operated portable water vending machine.
3. Work Carried Out:

 Designing of the product is carried out in CatiaV5.

 The electronic components used
A. Coin Acceptor (DG600F)
B. Development Board: 89V51RD2 Flasher Board
C. Microcontroller – Nuvoton W78E052DDG
D. Direct Operated Water Solenoid Valve
E. L293D
F. L293D Dual H-Bridge DC Motor Driver Module for 8051
G. 12V 1.2AH Rechargeable Battery

 Materials Used for Fabrication are –

A. Stainless Steel Sheet Metal for container
B. Cast Iron for stand

 Interfacing:
A. Interfacing DG600F and Nuvoton W78E052DDG
Results
The 20lts Bisleri water can cost RS 70 in the market. So, the 20,000ml in the bottle can be divided by more
than 70 times for a profitable trade, i.e. when the machine is programmed for anything less than 285ml per
RS 1, it becomes a profit to the vendor/machine owner.

The set objectives i.e. to develop a compact and a portable water vending machine is designed and
constructed. Which uses 20lts per purified water bottles as refill. This product when installed in public
places it satisfies the drinking water needs of the public.
Advantages

 Low design time.

 Low production cost.
 This system is applicable for both the indoor and outdoor environment.
 Conservation of space
 Safe
 Cost Effective
 Clean Space
 Low power consumption.
Future Scope
Various Indian as well as multinational companies such as Sarvajal, DJB-Tata Power, Amrutdhara Water
Services Pvt. Ltd etc. are involved in this business. They currently provide drinking water to people in the
range of 15 paisa to 1 rupee per liter on a pilot basis. we will replace the wired network installed in the
machine by a wireless network to remove the complex indoor wiring and provide the easy installation of
sensor .we will install more sensors such as humidity, temperature, dust, and smell.
Conclusions
Implementation of Coin-Operated Automatic Drinking Water Machine is the step towards the future
technology and it is a step to enter in eco-friendly world. This machine is easy to use and can be easily
accessed by the ordinary person. This proposed system can be implemented almost everywhere even in the
remote sensing areas and the places where there is water crises. This system is most suitable in trains
because it takes less space and in each bogie of train we can place it easily. It will also help in reducing the
diseases which are being spread because of using contaminated or unhygienic water by people.
References
[1] P. Pradeepa, T. Sudhalavanya, K. Suganthi, N. Suganthi, M. Menagadevi [2013],“Design and
Implementation of vending machine using Verilog HDL”, International Journal of Advanced Engineering
Technology, Vol. IV, Issue I, E-ISSN 0976-3945, pp. 51-53.2.
[2] M.S.Varadarajan [2012], “Coin Based Universal Mobile Battery Charger Veltech”,IOSR Journal of
Engineering (IOSRJEN), Volume 2, Issue 6, and ISSN: 2250
[3] Manas Kumar Parai, Banasree Das, Gautam Das [2013], “An Overview of microcontroller Unit: From
proper selection to Specific Application”, International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering
(IJSCE), Volume 2, Issue 6, and ISSN: 2231-2307, pp 28-31.
[4] Kerry segrava(12 july 2002), vending machines: An American Social History Mcfarland, ISBN 978-0-
7864- 8159-0
Project Done By Mr. D.V. Raagu, Mr. Gayaz Mohamed, Mr. Md Mohiyuddind Shariff, Mr. Mohammed
Yaseen Ahamed