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or a book) from one language to another for Cultural equalization technique is done
a new readership. by translating a 'cultural word' into
2.3 Translation Techniques for Cultural appropriate term in the TL. For example, the
Texts term "selamatan” in Javanese and Batak
In order to overcome obstacles posed community in the sentence when a woman
by the cultural gap between SL and TL, or wife is pregnant. As tradition needs,
Newmark (1988) suggested the use of seven selamatan can be translated into 'traditional
of the following techniques to translate fest' in English.
cultural content and terminology. These 2.3.7 Compensation
include- 1) naturalization (literal), 2) It occurs when loss of meaning in
'couplet' or 'triplets' and 'quadruplet', 3) one part of a sentence is compensated in
neutralization or generalizations, 4) another part.
descriptive translation, 5) an explanation According to Molina and Albir (2002:
with annotations, 6) cultural equalization 509) translation techniques are procedures
and 7) compensation. These techniques are for analyzing and classifying how the
briefly described below- correspondence of translation takes place
2.3.1 Naturalization (literal): and can be applied to various lingual units.
This includes mechanical Translation techniques include techniques
naturalization by absorbing 'cultural words' such as literal translation, pure borrowing,
of SL while doing adaptation of sound or addition, transposition, description, deletion,
spelling. This is done when the word does amplification and reduction. These are also
not find its equivalent in TL but the message employed while analysing cultural terms in
or author's intended meaning in SL needs to the texts like the one selected in this paper.
be maintained. For example, the term 2.4 Folklore
"Mapia" in Russian and "Pikir" in Arabic The primary purpose of folklore is to
remain a "Mapia" and "Pikir" in Indonesian. describe an experience, event, or sequence
2.3.2 'Couplet' or 'triplet' and 'quadruplet' of events in the form of a story. Folklore is
This is done by combining several used to tell a story, to explain a process, or
different techniques at once: 'couplet' to explain cause and effect. Folklore can
combines two techniques (e.g, naturalized also be called as narration where it is telling
with descriptive translation); 'Triplet', three of stories weather real or imagined.
techniques; and 'quadruplet', four techniques Narration has two writing form, these are
to translate a term that is problematic. autobiographical writing and short story
2.3.3. Neutralization or Generalization writing. Autobiographical writing is stories
This technique is done by replacing the learners tell about themselves or our
the word in SL with TL word with a broader experiences. Richard (1985:420) refers to it
meaning. In other words, the neutralization as sequence of event to arrange as to take the
is the paraphrase technique at the word reader a beginning to an end.
level. For example, the word "shot" in the 3. Methodology
phrase "when shot, my grandfather was This study used descriptive qualitative
apparently taking a nap" can be paraphrased approach. Descriptive qualitative is a
into "killed" in Indonesian. research used to describe a natural
2.3.4 Descriptive and Functional Translation phenomenon. This research is based on the
This technique is used to describe work of translation. Translation unit is
cultural aspects with how we describe the examined at the level of the sentence. The
size, color, and composition (descriptive) or translation unit is set so that the study can be
the beneficial aspects of the cultural done in detail. It can be used as the basis to
elements (functional). For example, the term establish the conclusions of the study.
"salak" in Indonesian language can be Descriptive-qualitative research uses a
translated into English as "a name of fruit qualitative data in the form of a sentence.
with skins like a snake, it usually tastes The use of qualitative descriptive method
sweet and sour" aims to create a description, picture, or
2.3.5 Explanation with Annotations painting in systematic, factual and accurate
Explanation with annotation information on the facts, nature and the
technique is done by giving an additional relationship between the phenomena
explanation about the specific cultural investigated qualitatively.
aspects for a terminology of footnote. 3.1 Data Sources
2.3.6 Cultural Equalization The data source can be obtained from
the data subject. The researcher uses an
Cite this article as: Hasibuan, Z., Lubis, S., Saragih, A. & Muchtar, M. (2018). Study of Translation Quality and
Techniques used in Translating Mandailing Folklore Anak Na Dangol Ni Andung into English. International
Journal of English Language & Translation Studies. 6(2). 62-68.
Page | 64
Study of Translation Quality and … Zainuddin Hasibuan, Syahron Lubis, Amrin Saragih & Muhizar Muchtar
TT: So, I think till here all of my respond TT: Let’s try to repeat for talking to Uncok,
for my mother’s words, nantua, nanguda, the first son or the beloved son of his
namboru and all of nantulang. parents, the biggest son, and the beloved
The above data was translated using son.
the literal translation + pure Transposition + Addition + Literal
borrowing(couplet technique). The first Translation was used in the following
clause translated word for word and words example-
nantua, nanguda, namboru and all of ST: Naposo – poso pe antong adong do ro
nantulang into the same forms of the target manyapai, apalagi nadung jungada marripe
of the text purely. Sudena i cobaan ma disia.
4.3 Triplet Translation Technique TT: There are also any young people, to
Triplet translation is a combination of come to ask her, and also the man who had
three translation technique applied in ever married. It’s all a trial for her.
determining the equivalent in the target 4.4 Quartet Translation Technique
language. Blending the three techniques in Quartet translation is a combination of
question are blend of 1) Addition + Pure four translation techniques applied in
Borrowing + Literal Translation, 2) determining the equivalent in the target
Transposition + Description + Literal language. Blending the technique in
Translation, 3) Literal Translation + Pure question is blend of 1) Addition + Literal
Borrowing + Deletion, 4) Literal Translation Translation + Description + Pure Borrowing.
+ Amplification + Pure Borrowing, 5) It is shown in the following table-
Transposition + Addition + Literal Table 4: Quartet Translating Technique
Translation, 6) Literal Translation + Pure
Borrowing + Modulation, 7) Pure
Borrowing + addition + Transposition, 8)
Literal Translation + Pure Borrowing +
Transposition, and 9) Literal Translation +
Addition + Pure Borrowing. This is shown
in the following table-
Table 3: Triplet Translating Technique
The Addition + Literal Translation +
Description + Pure Borrowing technique
was used in the following example-
ST: Dibaen simatobang ni si Mukhlis
haduana madung parjolo mulak tu tangan ni
Tuhan, asa ia pe anak sangkibung do,
amantuania noma dohot udania manjagit
haroro ni mora i.
TT: As both of Mukhlis’s parents have
died and back to God, he is Only a child of
his parents, his amantua (father’s brother)
and his uncle to receive mora’s arrival.
The summary of the findings is
presented in the following table-
Table 5: Summary of Translating Techniques
along with the percentage
Cite this article as: Hasibuan, Z., Lubis, S., Saragih, A. & Muchtar, M. (2018). Study of Translation Quality and
Techniques used in Translating Mandailing Folklore Anak Na Dangol Ni Andung into English. International
Journal of English Language & Translation Studies. 6(2). 62-68.
Page | 66
Study of Translation Quality and … Zainuddin Hasibuan, Syahron Lubis, Amrin Saragih & Muhizar Muchtar
Cite this article as: Hasibuan, Z., Lubis, S., Saragih, A. & Muchtar, M. (2018). Study of Translation Quality and
Techniques used in Translating Mandailing Folklore Anak Na Dangol Ni Andung into English. International
Journal of English Language & Translation Studies. 6(2). 62-68.
Page | 68