Passive voice is kind of a sentence or clause in which the object receives the

action of the verb . In the passive voice , the subject of the sentence is not doing
an action / action but object receives the action . In contrast to the active
sentence , which the subject acts as a principal action. Active voice can be
transformed into passive voice , but only applies to sentences with transitive
verbs . Transitive verbs are verbs that followed direct object

Passive voice adalah jenis kalimat atau klausa di mana subjek menerima
tindakan dari kata kerja.

Pada passive voice, subject kalimat tidak melakukan suatu tindakan/aksi

melainkan subject menerima tindakan. Berbeda dengan kalimat aktif, dimana
subjek bertindak sebagai pelaku tindakan. Active voice dapat diubah bentuk
menjadi passive voice namun hanya berlaku pada kalimat dengan transitive
verbs. Transitive verbs adalah kata kerja yang diikuti direct object.

Passive Voice (contoh

No Tenses Active Voice (contoh kalimat)
kalimat)
S + to be (am, are, is) + V3 +
S + V1 + O
Simple Present by + O
1
Tense My mother always cleans the The floor is always cleaned by
floor every morning. my mother every morning
S + to be (am, are, is) + V1-ing S + to be (am, are, is) + being
Present +O + V3 + by + O
2
Continuous Tense They are making a rainbow A rainbow cake is being made
cake now. by them now
S + have/has + been + V3 + by
S + has/have + v3
Present Perfect +O
3
Tense The manager has interviewed Some candidates have been
some candidates interviewed by the manager.
S + have/has + been + V1-ing + S + have/has + been + being +
Present Perfect O V3 + by + O
4
Continuous Tense Many people have been English has been being
speaking English spoken by many people
S + to be (was, were) + V3 +
S + V2 + O
5 Simple Past Tense by + O
Fadhila watched the movie in The movie was watched by
 the theatre last night. Fadhila in the theatre last
night.
S + to be (was, were) + V1-ing S + to be (was, were) + being
Past Continuous + O + V3 + by + O
6
Tense She was buying some books Some books were being
last night. bought by her last night.
S + had not + V3 + O S + had + been + V3 + by + O
A good decision had been
7 Past Perfect Tense Carroll had made a good
made by Carroll to leave
decision to leave Liverpool.
Liverpool.
S + had + been + being + V3 +
S + had + been + V1-ing + O
Past Perfect by + O
8
Continuous Tense She had been watering this This plant had been being
plant. watered by her.
S + will not + V1 + O S + will be + V3 + by + O
Simple Future The crops are going to be
9 The farmers are going to
Tense harvested by the farmers next
harvest the crops next week
week.
S + will + be + being + V3 + by
S + will + be + V1-ing + O
Future Continuous +O
10
Tense They will be being met by
He will be meeting them.
him.
S + will + have + been + V3 +
S + will + have + V3 + O
by + O
Future Perfect
11 She will have watered this This plant will have been
Tense
plant before I get here this watered by her before I get
afternoon. here this afternoon.
S + will + have + been + V1-ing S + will + have + been + V1-ing
Future Perfect +O +O
12
Continuous Tense She will have been watering This plant will have been
this plant. being watered by her.
S + would + V1 + O S + would + be + V3 + by + O
13 Past Future Tense A dictionary would be bought
We would buy a dictionary
by us
S + would + be + being + V3 +
Past Future S + would + be + V1-ing + O
14 by + O
Continuous Tense
She would be listening to the The music would be being
 music when the phone rang listened by her when the
phone rang
S + would + have + been + V3
S + would + have + V3 + O
Past Future Perfect + by + O
15
Tense Many people would have English would have been
spoken English spoken by many people
S + would + have + been + V1- S + would + have + been
Past Future Perfect ing + O +being + V3 + by + O
16
Continuous Tense They would be being met by
He would be meeting them.
him.

1. Simple Present

Aktive: My mother cleans the kitchen once a week. (Ibu saya membersihkan
dapur seminggu sekali.)

Passive: The kitchen is cleaned by mother once a week. (Dapur dibersihkan

oleh ibu saya seminggu sekali.)

2. Present Continuous

Aktive: Anita is writing the letter right now. (Anita sedang menulis surat saat
ini.)

Passive: The letter is being written by Anita. (Surat tersebut sedang ditulis oleh
Anita.)

3. Simple Past

Aktive: My father repaired the car, yesterday. (Ayah saya memperbaiki mobil,
kemarin.)

Passive: The car was repaired by my father. (Mobil diperbaiki oleh ayah saya.)

4. Past Continuous

Aktive: The police was asking the customer when the thief came into the store.
(Polisi sedang menanyai orang yang sedang belanja ketika pencuri masuk ke
toko tersebut.)
Passive: The customer was being asked by the police when the thief came into
the store. (Orang yang sedang belanja tersebut sedang ditanyai oleh polisi
ketika pencuri masuk ketoko tersebut.)

5. Present Perfect

Active: Many tourists have visited that beach. (Banyak turis telah mengunjungi
pantai itu.)

Passive: That beach has been visited by many tourists. (Pantai tersebut telah
dikunjungi oleh banyak turis.)

6. Present Perfect Continuous

Active: Recently, Dono has been doing the work. (Akhir-akhir ini, Dono telah
sedang mengerjakan tugasnya.)

Passive: Recently, the work has been being done by Dono. (Akhir-akhir ini,
pekerjaan tersebut telah sedang dikerjakan oleh Dono.)

7. Past Perfect

Active: Those mechanics had repaired many cars before they received their
licenses. (Para mekanik itu telah memperbaiki banyak mobil sebelum mereka
menerima surat izin resminya.)

Passive: Many cars had been repaired by those mechanics before they
received their licenses. (Banyak mobil telah diperbaiki oleh para mekanik itu
sebelum mereka menerima surat izin resminya.)

8. Past Perfect Continuous

Active: Chef Juna had been preparing the Warung Padang for three years
before he moved to Bandung. (Koki Juna telah sedang mempersiapkan Warung
Padang selama tiga tahun sebelum dia pindah ke Bandung.)

Passive: The Warung Padang had been being prepared by Chef Juna for three
years before he moved to Bandung. (Warung Padang telah sedang
dipersiapkan oleh koki Juna selama tiga tahun sebelum ia pindah ke Bandung.)

9. Simple Future (will)

Active: Andrew will finish his work by 4:00 P.M (Andrew akan menyelesaikan
pekerjaannya pada pukul 4 sore.)

Passive: The work will be finished by Andrew at 4:00 P.M (Pekerjaan tersebut
akan diselesaikan oleh Andrew pada pukul 4 sore.)

10.Simple Future (be going to)

Active: Budi is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight. (Budi akan membuat
sebuah makan malam indah malam ini.)

Passive: A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Budi tonight. (Sebuah

makan malam indah akan dibuat oleh Budi malam ini.)

11.Future Continuous (will)

Active: At 7:00 PM tonight, my mother will be washing the dishes. (Tepat pada
pukul 7 malam ini, ibu akan sedang mencuci piring.)

Passive: At 7:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be being washed by my mother.

(Tepat pada pukul 7 malam ini, piring akan sedang di cuci oleh ibu.)

12.Future Perfect (will)

Active: They will have completed the project before the deadline. (Mereka
akan telah menyelesaikan proyek tersebut sebelum akhir batas waktu.)

Passive: The project will have been completed before the deadline. (Proyek
akan telah diselesaikan sebelum akhir batas waktu.)

13.Future Perfect Continuous (will)

Active: I will have been translating Laskar Pelangi’s novel for over 2 months by
the time it is finished. (Aku akan telah menterjemahkan novel Laskar Pelangi
selama 2 bulan ketika itu diselesaikan.)

Passive: Laskar Pelangi’s novel will have been being translating by me for over
2 months by the time it is finished. (Novel Laskar Pelangi akan telah
diterjemahkan oleh saya selama dua bulan ketika itu diselesaikan.)

14.Future Perfect Continuous (Used to)

Active: Budiman used to pay the bills. (Budiman biasanya membayar tagihan-
tagihannya.)

Passive: The bills used to be paid by Budiman. (Tagihan-tagihan biasanya

dibayar oleh Budiman.)

15.Future in the Past (Would)

Active: I knew he would finish the work by 6:00 PM. (Aku tahu bahwa dia akan
menyelesaikan pekerjaan tersebut pada pukul enam sore.)

Passive: I knew the work would be finished by him at 6:00 PM. (Aku tahu
pekerjaan tersebut akan diselesaikan oleh dia pada pukul 6 sore.)

16.Future in the Past (Was Going to)

Active: I thought Winda was going to make a candle light dinner tonight. (Saya
pikir Winda akan membuat sebuah makan malam romantis malam ini.)

Passive: I thought a candle light dinner was going to be made by Winda

tonight. (Saya pikir sebuah makan malam romantis akan dibuat oleh Winda
malam ini.)

5. Modal Auxliary

Modal auxiliary* Modals + be + V-3

*Modal auxiliary – will, shall, must, can, may (Present modal)

would, should, could, might (Past modal)

Silakan pelajari lagi materi tentang modal auxiliary.

Contoh:
Aktif : Before I got an injury, I could climb Mount Rinjani.
Pasif : Before I got an injury, Mount Rinjani could be climbed by me.

Aktif: She should bring her phone to call her mom.

Pasif : Her phone should be brought by her to call her mom.

Aktif: They must obey the rules in this camp.

Pasif : The rules must be obeyed by them in this camp.

6. ACCUSATIVE VERB
Accusative TO BE + V-3
verb*

Macam-macam accusative verb: PRAWAN L

(Plan, Require, Allow, Want/wait, Ask, Need, Like).

Perhatikan pola kalimat akusatif berikut ini:

Contoh: Aktif S + accusative verb + (object) + to Aktif : I

asked my V-1 secretary
to answer the call Pasif S + accusative verb + (object) + tobe Pasif : I
asked the call to V-3 be
answered by my secretary

Aktif : The headmaster requires the students to use the weekly uniform
Pasif : The headmaster requires the weekly uniform to be used by the
students

Note: Pada dasarnya, pola perubahannya sama dengan passive voice pada
umumnya. Hanya saja, yang dipasifkan adalah kata kerja setelah accusative
verb (lihat contoh yang ditulis tebal) disana ada perubahan subject dan object
(dibalik), selebihnya hanya perubahan dari “to answer” dan “to use” (aktif)
menjadi “to be answered” dan “to be used” (pasif).

Tenses Contoh Subject To be/+Auxiliary Verb 3

Tunggal Jamak Tunggal Jamak

Simple Present I they am are warned

Present perfect he we has been have been told

Present Continuous she you is being are being taught

Present perfect it these has been being have been arranged

Continuous being
Simple Past I they was were warned

Past continuous he we was being were being told

Past perfect she you had been * taught

Past perfect it these had been being * arranged

continuous

Simple Future I they will be * warned

Future Continuous he we was being were being told

Future perfect she you will have been * taught

Future perfect it these will have been * arranged

continuous being

Pastfuture I they would be * warned

Past future he we would be being * told

Continuous

Past future perfect she you would have * taught

been

Past future perfect it these would have been * arranged

continuous being

*) bentuk tunggal dan jamak sama.

BATIK
 Batik as still popular in indonesia.wherever you go,you will see many
people wearing”batik”. Nowadays,students from cretain schools wear “batik”
shirts or blouses as their unifrom . do you know how “ batik “ cloth is made ?
“ batik” making is traditionally made by women,either at home or in a
small workshop. The material used is usually cotton . today however,silk,satin
and other materials are also used.
The design is outlined on the piece cloth in pencil or charcoal. Molten
wax is the applied by using ‘canting’ . the ‘ canting ‘ is used to draw the
pattern on the cloth. The material is then dipped in a dye. Wax is applied to
certain area in order that the colour does not penetrate. The wax is then
removed and the procces is repeated with different coloured dye .

Soal Passive Voice – Manual

1. “A well-known architect is designing our new office.” The passive form of

the sentence is “Our new office … by a well-known architect.”

 a. Designs
 b. Designed
 c. Is designed
 d. Is being designed

2. “The stewardess is now serving coffee to the passengers.” The passive form
of the sentence is..?

 a. The passengers are serving coffee now.

 b. The passengers are now served coffee.
 c. Coffee is now served by the passengers.
 d. Coffee is now being served to the passengers.

3. “Have you been informed about the exact number of victims of the airplane
crash?” ---- “Yes, … to the headquarters of Garuda.”

 a. They are faxed

 b. It has faxed
 c. It has been faxed
 d. We fax it

4. “Why does the baby next-door keep crying?” ---- “As usual, it … by the
babysitter.”
  a. Is neglecting
 b. Is neglected
 c. Neglects
 d. Is to be neglected

5. We called the committee to ask whether the competition … to begin that

afternoon.

 a. Was scheduled
 b. To scheduled
 c. Was scheduling
 d. To be scheduled

6. The director agreed that the performance of the company has not been
good these past few years. In fact, its organization … now for improvements.

 a. Restructured
 b. Is restructuring
 c. Is being restructured
 d. Is to restructure

7. “Which paintings will be exhibited tomorrow?” ---- “We do not know yet,
they … by a team.”

 a. Are still being selected

 b. Are still selecting
 c. Still be selected
 d. Still selected

8. Do you know that at the moment some amazing experiments … by the

university research biologist?

 a. Carried out
 b. To carry out
 c. Are being carried out
 d. Be carried out

9. “Dina: Can I borrow your laptop?” --- “Dita: Certainly, but what’s wrong with
yours?” --- “Dina: It … now.”

 a. Is being repaired
  b. Repaired
 c. Is repairing
 d. Had repaired

10. Nothing … since we left.

 a. Has been changed

 b. Is changed
 c. Would be changed
 d. Was changed

11. This is a very popular TV program. Every week it … by millions of people.

 a. Watches
 b. Is being watched
 c. Is watched
 d. Has watched

12. The house … by me before my father came.

 a. Had been painted

 b. To be painting
 c. Has been painted
 d. Be painted

Jawaban dan Pembahasan

No. Jawaban Penjelasan

kalimat active diatas merupakan kalimat present continuous

tense, jika ingin mengubahnya menjadi passive maka
1 D
menggunakan rumus passive voice untuk present continuous,
yaitu S + Is/am/are + Being + Verb3.

ini juga present continuous tense, maka menggunakan rumus

passive voice untuk present continuous tense juga. Ketika anda
2 D ingin mengubah active to passive, maka anda terlebih dahulu
melihat tense yang digunakan kalimat active tersebut, kemudian
ubahlah menjadi passive voice dengan rumus passive voice yang
 sesuai dengan tense kalimat active tersebut.

itu merupakan present perfect tense, maka rumus passive voice

3 C
yang digunakan adalah S + Have/has + Been + Verb3.

simple present tense, maka gunakan rumus S + Is/am/are +

4 B
Verb3.

simple past tense, maka gunakanlah rumus ini S + Was/were +

5 A
Verb3.

bagian yang kosong (kalimat kedua) merupakan present

continuous tense, maka gunakan rumus S + Is/am/are + Being +
Verb3. Ingat ya, dalam menyusun passive voice, anda harus
6 C
memperhatikan apa yang akan anda bicarakan dan tense apa
yang akan anda gunakan, kemudian sesuaikan rumusnya dengan
tense tersebut.

present continuous tense, rumus yang digunakan adalah S +

7 A
Is/am/are + Being + Verb3.

ini juga merupakan present continuous tense, perhatikan time

8 C signal “at the moment” yang menunjukkan continuous. Maka
menggunakan rumus S + Is/am/are + Being + Verb3.

lagi-lagi ini juga present continuous tense, perhatikan time signal

“now” yang juga menandakan continuous. Maka menggunakan
rumus S + Is/am/are + Being + Verb3. Ingat juga ya, untuk
9 A
menentukan tense apa yang digunakan, anda juga harus
memperhatikan time signal (jika ada) atau bentuk verb dan
susunannya.

ini merupakan present perfect tense, perhatikan time signal

10 A “since” yang menunjukkan perfect. Maka menggunakan rumus S
+ Have/has + Been + Verb3.

11 C ini merupakan simple present tense, perhatikan time signal

‘every week” yang menunjukkan sebuah kebiasaan yang
 merupakan salah satu fungsi simple present tense. Maka
menggunakan rumus S + Is/am/are + Verb3.

ini merupakan past perfect tense, perhatikan time signal dan

bagian “before my father came” yang menunjukkan tanda past
perfect tense. Maka menggunakan rumus S + Had + Been +
12 A Verb3. Sebelum anda mempelajari passive voice, sebenarnya
anda harus menguasai terlebih dahulu semua materi tenses, agar
anda tahu apa saja yang menjadi tanda-tanda suatu tenses
tertentu.

Pengertian Transitive dan Intransitive Verb

Transitive verb adalah kata kerja yang diikuti direct object untuk menerima
aksi (contoh: hit, touch, buy) dari subject. Sebaliknya, Intransitive verb adalah
kata kerja yang tidak diikuti oleh direct object sebagai penerima aksi (contoh:
arrive, go, cry) karena memang aksi yang dilakukan tidak melibatkan direct
object.

Tanpa direct object, makna kalimat dengan transitive verb akan terdengar
janggal, sedangkan makna kalimat dengan intransitive verb telah dapat
ditangkap dengan baik.

Transitive Verb dan Object

Jawaban dari pertanyaan “what” dan “whom” yang berupa object, bisa
didapatkan dari kalimat yang menggunakan transitive verb.

Contoh Kalimat Transitive Verb:

Contoh Kalimat Transitive Verb Pertanyaan
After practicing for an hour, the player
What could the player hit over the
could hit the tennis ball over the net.
net? The tennis ball.
(Setelah berlatih selama satujam,
(Apa yang dapat pemain tersebut
pemain tersebut dapat memukul bola
pukul melewati net? Bola tenis.)
tenis melewati net.)

Whom did he met this morning? His

He met his child’s teacher this
child’s teacher.
morning.
(Siapa yang dia temui pagi ini? Guru
(Dia menemui guru anaknya pagi ini.)
anaknya.)

Passive Form dan Transitive/Intransitive Verb

Intransitive verb mungkin diikuti adjective, adverb, dan/atau prepositional

phrase. Karena tidak mempunyai direct object, intransitive verb tidak memiliki
passive form.

Contoh Kalimat Transitive/Intransitive Verb:

Active Form Passive Form

The girl filled her basket with a Her basket were filled by the girl with
hundred of candies. a hundred of candies.
(Anak perempuan itu (Keranjangnya diisi oleh anak
mengisi keranjangnya dengan seratus perempuan itu dengan seratus
permen.) transitive permen.)

The worker always comes on time.

(Karyawan tersebut selalu datang tepat –
waktu.) intransitive