CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

RESEARCH DESIGN
The study utilized the quantitative research design which focuses more on
expressions such as numerical data, objective thinking and scientific method (Baraceros,
2016). This kind of research requires the researcher to gather data by using structured
research instruments. The type of quantitative research utilized was non-experimental
research in which there is a group of subjects that cannot be manipulated by the
experimenter (Baraceros, 2016). This implies that the researcher mainly depends on
observation, interaction and interpretation gathered by him or her instead of controlling or
manipulating certain variables. The type of non-texperimental research that was utilized
was descriptive design. This type of research is used to observe and gain data without
controlling any variables. (Baraceros, 2016). This emphasizes that it provides a particular
situation in its own natural set.
PARTICIPANTS
The participants of this study were the senior high-school students of Our Lady
of the Pillar College. A total of 50 from Stem grade 11 and 12 was part of the study. The
study utilized sample random sampling as a way of distributing the survey questionnaires.
This is the basic sampling technique where the researcher will select a group of subjects
(a sample) for study from a larger group (a population) (Baraceros, 2016). Each individual
was chosen entirely by chance and each member of the population had an equal chance
of being included in the sample. The survey questionnaires were distributed in different
classes in each grade level so that the researcher would accumulate more insights from
different students.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
The researcher utilized survey questionnaire as one of the research instruments
wherein it contained questions that require the participants to answer by putting a check
on the space or by encircling the letter that best suits their answer. The purpose of the
survey is to gain information about the participants’ opinions and thoughts about the study
(Baraceros, 2016). The survey was composed of questions that were easy to comprehend
so that the participants won’t feel any difficulty in answering the questions.
The questions focused on:
 Use, Disuse, and Misuse of smartphones
 The number of hours being consumed in using smartphones
 The Factors affecting the use, misuse and disuse of smartphones