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Difference between Plants and Animals (Plants vs Animals)

i) Cell (Plant cell vs Animal cell)
Plants:
Cell wall: The plant cells have cell wall made of cellulose outside the plasma membrane
Chloroplast: Plants are green in colour due to the presence of chlorophyll in the chloroplast.
Vacuoles: Plant cells have large vacuoles filled with sap.
Centrosome: Centrosome with centrioles absent.

Animals:
Cell wall is absent and only plasma membrane is present.
Chloroplasts are absent in animal cells. Animals have no chlorophyll.
Vacuoles are absent.
Centrioles with centrioles present.

ii) Nutrition
Plants: Plants manufacture their own food (autotrophs) with help of carbondioxide and water in the
presence of chlorophyll and sunlight. Non green plants are exceptions.
Animals:Animals cannot manufacture their on food (heterotrophs). They depend on plants or other
animals for their food. Euglena is an exception.

iii) Stored food

Plants:Plants need no digestive system as they synthesize their own food.They store carbohydrate in
the form of Starch.
Animals: Animals have digestive system to digest the food before it is absorbed by the alimentary
canal.They store carbohydrate in the form of Glycogen.

iv) Movements
Plants: Fixed in the soil (Except Algae like- Chlamydomonas, Volvox) But organs like leaves and bud
do show slight movements.
Animals: They move around for food (except-Corals and Sponges).The organs make movement.

v) Growth
Plants: The meristematic zones present in the tips of the root and stem divide and growth take place
throughout life (indeterminate growth).
Animals: No meristematic zones, the various organs and the organs as a whole grow up to a limit
 (determinate growth
vi) Respiration
Plants: Exchange of gases takes place through stomata.
Animals: Have respiration through their skin, lungs, gills etc. Some use O2 of the air while others use
oxygen of the surrounding water

vii) Excretion
Plants: They secrete harmless products which are stored in their bodies.
Animals: They excrete ammonia, urea, uric acid and other wastes which get eliminated through
excretory systems.

viii) Reproduction
Plants: They reproduce asexually (by spores) and vegetative methods (spores and vegetative
methods)
Animals: They reproduce by asexual and sexual method of reproduction. The anomaly belonging to
lower groups like Amoeba reproduce by only asexual methods

ix) Response
Plants: They do not have nervous system and sense organs. So, the responses to stimuli like touch,
light, are slow.
Animals: They have the nervous system and sense organs. The response to stimuli are quick.

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