BE I Year Scheme & Syllabus

MADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, GWALIOR
DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED SCIENCE
Subject: Engineering Physics Paper code-100201
L T P C
4 1 2 6
Syllabus
Course Objective: The syllabus of Physics is designed with the objective to:
1. Enable the students to become familiar with the concepts of Modern Engineering Physics
2. Develop and understanding of complex topics of Quantum Physics, Wave Optics, Nuclear Physics,
Solid state Physics and Laser Systems so that they could be applied to the engineering and
applications.
3. Help students develop numerical solving techniques to familiarize with the computational abilities.
Unit-I Quantum & Nuclear Physics

Origin of quantum hypothesis, de-Broglie matter wave concept, Davisson-Germer experiment , Concept of
Group and Phase velocities & their relationship. Heisenberg’s Uncertainty principle with elementary proof
and applications (determination of position of a particle by a microscope, non existence of electron in
nucleus, diffraction of an electron beam by a single slit). Compton effect. Wave function and its properties,
Schrödinger wave equation (Time dependent and Time independent),
Nuclear structure & nuclear properties. Nuclear fission and Nuclear fusion process. Idea of Linear
Accelerators like LINEAC, Cyclotron, Synchrotron, Synchrocyclotron, Betatron, Greiger-Muller Counter
Unit II Wave Optics

Interference: Fresnel's bi-prism, Interference in thin films (due to reflected and transmitted light), Newton’s
rings and Michelson’s interferometer experiments. Diffraction at single slit, double slit and n-slits
(diffraction grating). Resolving power of grating and prism. Concept of polarized light, idea about circular
elliptical & plane polarization .Brewster's laws, Double refraction, Nicol prism, quarter & half wave plate.
Unit III Solid State Physics & Superconductivity

Introduction to Lorentz & Drude Classical Free electron theory& limitations. Qualitative analysis of Kronig
Penny model (no derivation), Concept of Effective mass, Fermi-Dirac statistical distribution function,
Introduction to Semiconductor theory, Fermi level for Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors, Pn, Zener &
Tunnel diodes, Hall effect. Introduction to Super-conductivity, Idea of Type I and Type II Superconductors ,
Meissner Effect.
Unit IV Electronic materials and applications

Introduction to electronic materials, Solar cells, fabrication and characterization techniques, Photodiode,
Laser diode, Light Emitting diode, LCD their construction, working and applications.
Introduction to Nanomaterials, Properties of Nanomaterials,Synthesis of nanoparticles & applications of
nanotechnology.
Unit V Laser Physics and Fiber Optics

Introduction to Laser Theory, Laser: Stimulated and spontaneous processes, Einstein’s A & B Coefficients,
transition probabilities, active medium, population inversion, pumping, Coherence, directionality and
monochromaticity, . Principles and working of Ruby, Nd:YAG, He-Ne & Carbon dioxide Lasers.
Introduction to Holography.
Fundamental idea about optical fiber, types of fibers, acceptance angle & cone, numerical aperture, V-
number, Types of losses & various Application of optical fibers.
Course Outcomes: Upon studying the modules of Physics the student will be able to:
1. Develop an understanding of the concepts of Modern Physics at Engineering level

2. Develop the skills to solve real time problems related to topics of quantum, nuclear, laser and optics
and solid state physics.
3. Visualize and design the real time applications from an engineering perspective.
4. Develop an analytical approach towards studying the various topics of Engineering Physics
5. Apply the concepts of the studied topics to the various industries of relevanceand contribute to the
society.
Books for Reference:
1. Engineering Physics by Mallik and Singh (Mc Graw Hill Pub.)
2. Laser: Principles and Applications by K.R. Nambiar (New Age Int. Pub.)
3. Concepts of Modern Physics by Arthur Beiser (McGraw Hill Pub.)
4. Engg. Physics by S.L. Gupta and Sanjiv Gupta (Dhanpat Rai Pub.)
5. A Textbook of Engg. Physics by Navneet Gupta and S.K. Tiwary (Dhanpat Rai Pub.)
LECTURE PLAN
UNIT-1
Lecture Topic
No.
1 Introduction and concepts of quantum physics
de-Broglie hypothesis
2 Group and particle velocities & their relationship
3 Uncertainty principle with elementary proof and applications
4 Compton scattering experiment
5 Wave function and its properties
6 Schrödinger wave equation (Time dependent and Time independent)
Particle in a box
7 Problem solving session
8 Introduction and concepts in nuclear physics,
9 Nuclear fission and Nuclear fusion process
10 Nuclear liquid drop model (semi empirical mass formula), nuclear
shell model.
11 Idea of Particle Accelerators like LINEAC, Cyclotron, GM counter
etc.
UNIT-2
Lecture Topic
No.
1 Introduction and concepts of wave optics
2 Fresnel's biprism, Interference in thin films (due to reflected and
transmitted light)
3 Newton’s rings and Michelson’s interferometer experiments
4 Diffraction at single slit, double slit and n-slits (diffraction grating)
5 Resolving power of grating and prism
6 Concept of polarized light, Brewster's laws
7 Double refraction, Nicol prism
UNIT-3
Lecture Topic
No.
1 Introduction to Lorentz & Drude Classical Free electron theory &
limitations.
2 Qualitative analysis of Kronig Penny model (no derivation),.
3 Concept of Effective mass, Fermi-Dirac statistical distribution
function, Introduction to
4 Semiconductor theory, Fermi level for Intrinsic and Extrinsic
Semiconductors, Hall effect.
5 Pn, Zener & Tunnel diodes,
6 Introduction to Super-conductivity,
7 Idea of Type I and Type II Superconductors , Meissner Effect
UNIT-4
Lecture Topic
No.
1 Introduction to electronic materials,
2 Solar cells, fabrication and characterization techniques,
3 Photodiode, Laser diode, Light Emitting diode,
4 LCD their construction, working and applications.
5 Introduction to Nanomaterials,.
6 Properties of Nanomaterials,
7 Synthesis of nanoparticles & its Applications
UNIT-5
Lecture Topic
No.
1 Introduction to Laser Theory
2 Concept of absorption, spontaneous stimulated emission
3 Einstein coefficient, significance & correlation
4 Two level and three level laser rate equation
5 active medium, population inversion, pumping
6 Principles and working of Ruby, Nd:YAG, Lasers with energy level
diagram.
7 He-Ne & Carbon dioxide Lasers with energy level diagram.
8 Science & Engineering Application of Lasers
9 Introduction to optical fiber Communication, types and applications
TUTORIAL-BE 1ST YEAR ENGINEERING PHYSICS

(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES)
UNIT -1
1. Establish Schrödinger equation for linear harmonic oscillator and write its Eigen values and Eigen
functions. Discuss the significance of zero point energy.
2. What is Compton’s shift? Calculate the maximum change in wavelength in a Compton scattering
experiment?
3. Solve the Schrödinger’s equation for 1 dimensional motion of a particle in a box of side L and show
that its Eigen value is inversely proportional to the square of side L.
4. Arrive at Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle with the help of two simple experiments.
5. Derive phase and group velocity and find relation between them?
6. Calculate the wave length associated with 1 Mev electron?
7. A microscope using photons is employed to locate an electron in an atom to within a distance of 0.2A
what is the uncertainty in the momentum of the electron in this way.
8. An electron is confined to a spherical box of diameter 10-8m. Calculate the minimum uncertainty in its
velocity?
9. The wavelength of yellow light 5890A. Find the energy of each photon in the beam?
10. Explain in detail the working of Newton’s ring experiment.
11. Illustrate the construction and working of Michelson’s Interferometer.
12. Describe in detail the Fraunhoffer diffraction experiment for double slit mathematically.
13. Explain the Fresnel bi-prism experiment in detail.
14. State the differences between polarised and un-polarised light with suitable examples of each type.
15. Two coherent sources whose intensity ratios are 81:1 produce interference fringes. Deduce the ratio of
maximum to minimum intensity of the fringes.
16. Two waves of amplitudes 3mm and 4mm respectively travelling the same medium and in the same
direction. If the phase difference between them at a point in their path is π/2, find the resultant
amplitude at that point due to these waves.
17. The sodium yellow doublet has wavelength 5890 Armstrong and 5896 Armstrong. What should be
the resolving power of grating to resolve these lines?
18. A grating has 15cm of the surface ruled with 6000 lines/cm. What is the resolving power of grating in
the first order?
19. Explain the construction and working of a cyclotron. Why electrons cannot be accelerated to high
energies in a cyclotron?
20. Describe the construction of a Betatron. How is energy gained in it? Obtain the Betatron condition
and state how is it achieved?
21. Give construction and working of a modern synchrotron. Give its uses.
22. Discuss the construction and working of Bain Bridge Mass Spectrograph.
23. Define the Q-value of a nuclear reaction in terms of rest mass of the constituents. What is synchro
cyclotron?
24. Explain the Kronnig Penney model with diagram. How does it lead to the concept of energy bands?
25. Discuss in detail the various methods involved in the preparation of thin films.
26. Discuss the construction, application and advantages of LIGHT EMITTING DIODE.
27. A solar cell having sill factor of 0.6 gives maximum power output of 18x10-3 watts. Determine its ISC
and its efficiency .
28. Calculate the r.m.s. velocity of electron at 27 degree centigrade on the basis of Classical free electron
theory. Given-K = 8.6 x 10-5eV/Kelvin; m=9.1x10-31 kg.
29. Estimate the mean free path for electron in a metal Thorium. (Given σ=6.8x10-7per ohm-m,
n=8.5x1028 per metre cube, m=9.1x10-31 kg, e=1.6x10-19C, K= 1.38x10-23 J/K, T=27 degree
centigrade) .
30. The Fermi energy of Copper is 7eV at room temp. Determine the no. of free electrons per unit volume
at that temp.
31. The Hall coefficient of a semiconductor is 3.22x10-4 m3 C-1. Its resistivity is 9x10-3 ohm metre.
Calculate the mobility and carrier concentration of the carriers.
32. What is active material in He-Ne laser? How population inversion is achieved in a He-Ne laser .
33. Describe various mechanisms of dispersion in optical fibers; explain the effect of dispersion on the
band width of optical communication channel.
34. Derive an expression for angle of acceptance of fiber in terms of refractive index of core
and cladding of optical fibre.What is meant by acceptance cone.
35. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of optical fiber over conventional
communication transmission media.
36. Show how optical fibers can guide light waves. Derive the condition for transmission of
light within an optical fiber.
37. What are the different types of attenuation losses in an optical fiber? Discuss the
absorption losses.
38. An optical fiber has an acceptance angle of 26.80◦ c .Calculate its numerical aperture
39. What is the numerical aperture of an optical fiber cable with a clad index of 1.378 and
core index of 1.546.
40. In an optical fiber the core material has refractive index 1.6 and refractive index of clad
material is 1.3. Calculate the value of critical angle and angle of acceptance cone.
Or
SHORT QUESTIONS (01 MARKS)
1. State Heisenberg uncertainty principle.

2. Define a wave function.
3. What is normalized wave function?
4. State the condition for normalized and orthogonal wave function.
5. What are matter waves?
6. Mention any two properties of matter waves?
7. What is Planck Constant?
8. Derive the de-Broglie wave equation.
9. Write the time dependent Schrodinger equation.
10. Write the time independent Schrodinger equation.
11. Define the term Binding energy.
12. Give the names of two radioactive elements.
13. What is decaying in radioactivity?
14. State the properties of Xrays.
15. Mention some of the real time applications of particle accelerators.
16. What do you understand by saturation property of nuclear force.
17. Why is Z<N or the heavy nuclei.
18. Define mass defect and binding energy of the nucleus.
19. What is the Magic about the Magic numbers?
20. Why is enriched U235 used as fuel in a nuclear reaction?
BRIEF ANSWER QUESTIONS (02 /03 MARKS)
1. Starting from the de-Broglie concept, obtain Heisenberg uncertainty principle.

2. Why is uncertainty principle important to microscopic particles?
3. Applying the uncertainty principle , explain non-existence of electrons In the ncleus.
4. Explain the difference between quantum and classical mechanics.
5. What do you understand by the wave function Ѱ of a moving particle?
6. State the properties of wave function.
7. Explain the difference between phase velocity and group velocity.
8. Show that for a non relativistic particle phase velocity is half the group velocity.
9. Explain how X-rays are produced? State the properties of X-rays.
10. Compton shift is not observed with visible light. Justify the statement.
11. What are the salient features of nuclear forces?
12. Explain the Liquid Drop Model of nucleus.
13. Sketch the plot of Binding Energy per nucleon vs A and mention its salient features.
14. Explain the working of GM Counter. What are its limitations?
15. What is the difference between a Cyclotron and a Synchro-Cyclotron?
16. Explain the function of velocity selector in Bain Bridge Mass Spectrograph. Obtain an expression for
linear separation in it.
17. Explain how the Shell Model of the nucleus accounts for the existence of Magic numbers?
18. Find an expression for the effective cross section that the target nucleus offers for an interaction.
19. Why is it possible to produce the fission of U235 with slow neutrons whereas it is necessary to use
fast neutrons to produce the fission of U238 .
20. What do you understand by the multiplication factor of a nuclear chain reaction? Discuss the factors
on which they depend.
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (06/7MARKS)
1. Show that the phase velocity of de-Broglie wave is greater than the velocity of light but the group
velocity is equal to the velocity of the particle with which the waves are associated.
2. Describe the Davisson Germer experiment to show the existence of matter waves.
3. Can a photon and an electron of the same momentum have same wavelength? Compare their
wavelengths if both have the same energy.
4. Derive the time dependent Schrodinger wave equation.
5. Derive the time independent Schrodinger wave equation.
6. Deduce the expression for Compton shift. How is it verified experimentally?
7. A photon of frequency ϑ interacts with an electron at rest with rest mass m0. Obtain the expression
for frequency of scattered photon.
8. Discuss the application of Schrodinger wave equation for particle in a box with Infinite square well
potential.
9. Discuss the application of Schrodinger wave equation for particle in a box for a Step potential.
10. Discuss the concept of Energy and Momentum operators in quantum mechanics.
11. Explain the construction and working of a cyclotron. Why electrons cannot be accelerated to high
energies in a cyclotron?
12. Describe the construction of a Betatron. How is energy gained in it? Obtain the Betatron condition
and state how is it achieved?
13. Give construction and working of a modern synchrotron. Give its uses.
14. Discuss the construction and working of Bain Bridge Mass Spectrograph.
15. Define the Q-value of a nuclear reaction in terms of rest mass of the constituents. What is synchro
cyclotron?
NUMERICALS
1. The position and momentum of a 1keV electron is simultaneously measured. If the position is located
within 1 Å determine the percentage of uncertainty in momentum?
2. The uncertainty in the location of a particle is equal to its de-Broglie wavelength. Calculate the
uncertainty in its velocity.
3. The position and momentum of a 1keV electron is simultaneously measured. If the position is located
within 0.2nm, determine the percentage of uncertainty in momentum?
4. A hydrogen atom is 0.53 Å in radius. Use uncertainty principle to estimate the minimum energy an
electron can have in this atom.
5. Compute the energy of lowest three levels for an electron in a square well of width 3 Å.
6. An electron is bound in One dimensional potential box with width 2.5 x 10-10 m. assuming the height
of the box to be infinite, calculate lowest two permitted values of energy levels of the electron.
7. An excited atom has an average life time of 10-2 sec. during this lifetime it emits a photon and returns
to ground state. What is the minimum uncertainty in the frequency of this photon?
8. An electron is constrained to move in a one dimensional box of length 0.1 nm. Find the first three
Eigen values and the corresponding de-Broglie wavelengths. Given Planck constant=6.63x10-34 J-sec.
9. X-rays of wavelength 10.0 pm are scattered on a target. Determine:
a. Wavelength of X-rays scattered through 45 degree.
b. The maximum wavelength scattered in the X-rays.
c. The maximum K.E. of the recoil electron.
10. Monochromatic X-rays 0f 0.7078 Å are scattered by Carbon. The X-rays scattered at 90 degreeswith
direction of incident beams are observed. What is the wavelength of the scattered Xrays?
11. In a linear accelerator, a proton accelerated thrice by a potential of 40 kV leaves a tube and enters an
accelerating space of length 30 cm before entering next tube. Calculate the frequency of RF voltage
and length of tube entered by the proton.
12. A cyclotron in which the flux density is 1.4 Weber/m2 is employed to accelerate the process. How
rapidly should the electric field between the Dees be reversed?
13. If an alternating emf of 20 kV peak value and 5 MHz frequency is used in a cyclotron, an emergent
beam of ions of 2Mev is obtained.Find the maximum no. of revolutions the ions undergo inside the
dees and strength of magnetic field if e/m for ions is 0.9x104 emu/gm. Also find radius of dees.
UNIT -2
1. What is a wavefront?
2. What do you understand by phase difference and path difference?
3. Discuss why two independent sources of light can never be coherent?
4. What do you understand by diffraction of light?
5. What do you understand by resolving power of a telescope?
6. Discuss the Rayleigh criteria of resolution.
7. What do you mean by resolving power of grating?
8. Mention the advantages of increasing the number of lines in grating.
9. What do you understand by polarization of light?
10. What are ordinary and extra-ordinary rays?
1. Briefly outline the wave theory of light. What is a wave front? How does it propagate?
2. Explain clearly Huygen’s principle for propagation of light.
3. Discuss the conditions for sustained interference.
4. Discuss the condition of formation of bright and dark fringes. Also state the difference between
constructive and destructive interference.
5. How many types of diffraction are there? Distinguish between Fresnel and Fraunhoffer diffraction.
6. What is a zone plate? How are they constructed?
7. Give the construction and theory of plane transmission grating. Also explain the formation of spectra
by it.
8. Define resolving power and dispersive power of a grating.
9. Discuss the cause of production of plane polarized light by reflection.
10. What is a Nicol prism? How it is used as a polariser and an analyser?
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (06/07 MARKS)

1. Describe Fresnel’s biprism. Discuss in detail how the wavelength of monochromatic source of light
can be determined with its help.
2. Discuss the phenomena of interference in thin films. Show that film which appears bright in
reflected light appears dark in transmitted light. Deduce the necessary expression.
3. What are Newton rings? Expain the formation of Newton rings in detail giving a well labeled
diagram.
4. Give a complete description and working of Michelson Interferometer.
5. Explain Rayleigh criteria for resolution. Define limit of resolution and resolving power.
6. How will you determine the wavelength of light with Michelson interferometer?
7. Explain Young’s double slit experiment?
8. Write a short note on Polarisation. What are the conditions for linear, circular and elliptical polarised
light?
9. State and prove Brewster’s law?
10. Discuss the construction and working of Nicol prism.
NUMERICALS
1. In an interference pattern, with two coherent sources, the amplitude of intensity with variation is
found to be 5% of the average intensity. Calculate the relative intensities of interfering waves.
2. A bi-prism is placed at 5cms from a slit illuminated by sodium light (ʎ= 5890Å).The width of the
fringes obtained on the screen 75 cms. From the bi-prism is 9.424x10-2cm. Find the distance between
two coherent sources.
3. Calculate the separation between the coherent sources formed by a biprism whose inclined faces
make angles of 2 degrees with its base, the slit source being 10 cm away from the biprism.
4. In a Newton ring experiment the diameter of the 10th bright ring changes from 1.40 cms to 1.27 cms
on introducing a liquid between the plate and the lens. Find the refractive index of the liquid.
5. Calculate the angles at which the first dark band and the next bright band are formed in Fraunhoffer
diffraction pattern of the slit 0.3mm wide.
6. A sodium yellow doublet has 5890Å and 5896Å wavelengths. What should be the resolving power
of grating to resolve these lines?
7. Light of wavelength 5000 Å falls on a plane transmission grating normally having 15000 lines in
3cm. Find the angle of diffraction from maximum intensity in 1st order.
8. In a grating spectrum which spectral line in the 4th order will overlap with 3rd order line of 5461 Å ?
UNIT -3
1. What is a p-n junction? Draw the energy band diagram for a p-n junction before and after
merging of n type and p type regions.
2. Prove that the conductivity of a cylindrical conductor varies inversely with the temperature.
3. Define Effective mass..
4. What is Hall Effect? Give its applications.
5. State the differences between semi conductors, conductors and insulators.
6. How can you distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semi-conductors?
7. What is tunnelling effect in tunnel diode?
8. Write in short about Forward and Reverse bias condition of a diode.
9. Define critical temperature in Superconductors.
1. Discuss the origin of energy bands. Describe how the elements may be classified on the basis
of energy band?
2. What is effective mass? Explain briefly.
3. Explain the Hall Effect. What are its applications?
4. Explain the concepts of classical free electron theory
5. Explain the difference between Type1 & Type 2 superconductors..
1. Explain the Kronnig Penney model with diagram. How does it lead to the concept of energy
bands?
2. Explain working of Zener diode as a voltage regulator and draw its V-I characteristics..
3. Draw the voltage current characteristics of p-n diode in forward and reverse bias.
4. How is a Zener diode used as a voltage regulator?
5. Explain the construction and working of a Tunnel diode. Explain the tunnelling effect.
6. Write in general an explanatory note on Superconductivity.
NUMERICALS
1. Calculate the r.m.s. velocity of electron at 27 degree centigrade on the basis of Classical free
electron theory. Given-K = 8.6 x 10-5eV/Kelvin; m=9.1x10-31 kg.
2. Estimate the mean free path for electron in a metal Thorium. (Given σ=6.8x10-7per ohm-m,
n=8.5x1028 per metre cube, m=9.1x10-31 kg, e=1.6x10-19C, K= 1.38x10-23 J/K, T=27 degree
centigrade)
3. The Fermi energy of Copper is 7eV at room temp. Determine the no. of free electrons per unit
volume at that temp
4. The Hall coefficient of a semiconductor is 3.22x10-4 m3 C-1. Its resistivity is 9x10-3 ohm metre.
Calculate the mobility and carrier concentration of the carriers.
UNIT -4
1. What are photo diodes? Give their principle of operation.
2. Why is Ga used in LEDs?
3. Give two applications of photoconductivity
4. What is a photoconductive cell?
5. State any two uses of a laser diode.
1. Explain Photoconductive effect.
2. What is a homojunction laser?
3. What is a heterojunction laser?
4. What do you understand by synthesis of nanomaterials?
5. What do you understand by “Top Down” and “Bottom Up” processes in synthesis of
nanomaterials?
1. Discuss the construction, application and advantages of LIGHT EMITTING DIODE.
2. Write a note on Nanomaterial technology.
3. What are photo-emissive cells?
4. What are nanoparticles? Give an account of their optical and electrical properties?
5. Discuss the Sol-Gel method for synthesis of nanomaterials. State their advantages and
disadvantages.
NUMERICALS
1. A solar cell having sill factor of 0.6 gives maximum power output of 18x10-3 watts. Determine its
ISC and its efficiency .
UNIT -5
1. What does pumping mean?
2. What is a metastable state?
3. What are Einstein’s coefficients?
4. What is population inversion?
5. Write some pumping methods used in LASERS?
6. In He-Ne laser what is the function of He atoms?
7. What is optical fiber?
8. What is the necessity of cladding?
9. What is meant by critical angle of an optical fiber?
10. Define numerical aperture.
1. What is step index fiber? How is light propagated in step index fiber?
2. What do you understand by acceptance angle and numerical aperture?
3. State the basis on which optical fibers are classified. Also explain them briefly.
4. Why are single mode fibers more suitable for long distance transmission?
5. Explain the difference between step index fiber and graded index fiber
6. Obtain an expression for critical angle of an optical fiber?
7. What is Holography?.
8. Give the relation between Einstein’s coefficients.
9. Explain why the upper laser level must have larger life time.
10. Discuss the types of coherence.
1. Explain the term coherence length and coherence time for a light wave.
2. What is the reason for monochromaticity of laser beam. Explain the working of He-Ne laser
and give its engineering applications.
3. Explain the lasing action in a CO2 LASER and show its energy level diagram.
4. What is active material in He-Ne laser? How population inversion is achieved in a He-Ne laser .
5. Discuss the working of a Nd:Yag LASER .
6. Draw a well labelled diagram of Ruby Laser.. Explain its working and mention its advantages
and disadvantages.
7. Describe various mechanisms of dispersion in optical fibers; explain the effect of dispersion on
the band width of optical communication channel.
8. Derive an expression for angle of acceptance of fiber in terms of refractive index of core and
cladding of optical fibre.What is meant by acceptance cone.
9. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of optical fiber over conventional communication
transmission media.
10. Show how optical fibers can guide light waves. Derive the condition for transmission of light
within an optical fiber.
11. What are the different types of attenuation losses in an optical fiber? Discuss the absorption
losses.
12. Discuss the two level, three level and four level Laser rate equation.
NUMERICALS
1. An optical fiber has an acceptance angle of 26.80◦ c .Calculate its numerical aperture.
2. What is the numerical aperture of an optical fiber cable with a clad index of 1.378 and core
index of 1.546.
3. In an optical fiber the core material has refractive index 1.6 and refractive index of clad
material is 1.3. Calculate the value of critical angle and angle of acceptance cone.
4. Find the ratio of populations of the two states in a He-Ne laser that produces a light of
wavelength 6328Å at 27◦C .Given that e-75.88=1.1 ×10-33.
5. Calculate the coherence length for CO2 laser whose line width ∆λ is 1×10-5nm at I R emission
wavelength of 10.6μm.
MADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE, GWALIOR
Energy, Ecology, Environment & Society (EEES): 100202
L T P C
4 1 5
Syllabus
Unit I
Sources of energy: Renewable and non renewable energy, current Indian and global scenario of energy,
state wise energy consumption, role of energy in economic and social development and social
transformation. Energy Polices: National level and State level policy and International policy of G-8, G-20,
OPEC and European countries, solar energy policy of India, National Solar mission energy policy issues.
Energy securities and challenges in Indian context.
Unit II
Energy conversion: Solar Energy, sun-earth angle, solar water heating, concentrated solar power, PV
power: roof top; off Grid and on grid, Hydro, wind, biomass, geothermal, tidal and nuclear energy, Fossil
fuels, thermal power station basic concepts. Per kilowatt hr cost of energy produced from various energy
sources and its future prospects, business opportunities in various non conventional sources.
Unit III
Ecology: Ecosystems, concept, components, types, Atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere, cycles
in Ecosystem, Water, Carbon, Nitrogen. Biodiversity, threats and conservation, Producers, composers and
decomposers, Energy and matter flow, Ecological succession, Food chains webs and ecological pyramids,
Characteristics, structures and functions of ecosystems such as Forest, Grassland, Desert, Aquatic
ecosystems. Community ecology- Characteristics, frequency, life forms, and biological spectrum,
Ecosystem structure, Biotic and a-biotic factors, food chain, food web, ecological pyramids; Population
ecology
Unit IV
Environment: Air pollution, causes, classifications, adverse effects, Green house gases and effect, their
major concerns, present status, emission from automobile, power, infrastructure, agriculture and
transportation, environmental security. Global warming causes and effects, acid rain, ozone layer depletion,
climate change, its model, impact on human health, national and international impact of climate change,
Kyoto protocol, national and additional measures; flexible mechanism for reduction of carbon, clean
development mission, joint implementation programme, carbon credit, carbon trading, emission trading,
Voluntary Emission Rights (VER), Certified Emission Reductions (CER), and emission reduction unit
(ERU), Indian initiatives of reduction in green house gases. Environmental ethics;
Unit V
Values and ethics: Definition, Sources, and approaches to ethics, Social values and individual attitudes,
Work ethics and work values, philosophical and Social ethics, human values and morals, business ethics,
self concept and Johari Window, emotional intelligence, social intelligence, self development, character
strengths and virtues, Impact of waste on society, management of e-waste.
Lecture Plan
S.No. Content No of Lectures

Unit I Sources of energy
1 Renewable and non renewable energy 1
2 Current Indian and global scenario of energy 1
3 State wise energy consumption 1
4 Role of energy in economic development 1
5 Role of energy social development 1
6 Social transformation 1
7 Energy Polices: National level and State level policy 2
8 International policy of G-8, G-20 1
9 OPEC and European countries 1
10 Solar energy policy of India 1
11 National Solar mission energy policy issues 1
12 Energy securities and challenges in Indian context 1
Unit II Energy conversion
1 Solar Energy, sun-earth angle, solar water heating, concentrated 2
solar power, PV power: roof top; off Grid and on grid
2 Hydro, wind, biomass, geothermal, tidal and nuclear energy, 2
Fossil fuels, thermal power station basic concepts.
3 Per kilowatt hr cost of energy produced from various energy 2
sources and its future prospects
4 Business opportunities in various non conventional sources. 2
Unit III Ecology
1 Ecosystems, concept, components, types 2
2 Atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere, cycles in 2
Ecosystem
3 Water, Carbon, Nitrogen. Biodiversity, threats and conservation 2
4 Producers, composers and decomposers 2
5 Energy and matter flow 1
6 Ecological succession 1
7 Food chains webs and ecological pyramids 2
8 Characteristics, structures 1
9 Functions of ecosystems such as Forest, Grassland, Desert, 2
Aquatic ecosystems
10 Community ecology- Characteristics 1
11 Frequency, life forms, and biological spectrum 1
12 Ecosystem structure 1
13 Biotic and a-biotic factors 1
14 Chain, food web, ecological pyramids 1
15 Population ecology 1
Unit IV Environment
1 Air pollution, causes, classifications, adverse effects, Green house 2
gases and effect, their major concerns,
2 present status, emission from automobile, power, infrastructure, 2
agriculture and transportation, environmental security.
2 Global warming causes and effects, acid rain, ozone layer 1
depletion, climate change, its model, impact on human health,
national and international impact of climate change
3 Kyoto protocol, national and additional measures; flexible 1
mechanism for reduction of carbon,
4 clean development mission, joint implementation programme, 1
carbon credit, carbon trading, emission trading,
5 Voluntary Emission Rights (VER), Certified Emission Reductions 1
(CER), and emission reduction unit (ERU),
6 Indian initiatives of reduction in green house gases. Environmental 1

ethics;
Unit V Values and ethics
1 Definition, Sources, and approaches to ethics 1
2 Social values and individual attitudes, Work ethics and work 2
values
3 Philosophical and Social ethics, human values and morals, 2
business ethics
4 Self concept and Johari Window 2
5 Emotional intelligence, social intelligence 2
6 Self development, character strengths and virtues 2
7 Impact of waste on society, management of e-waste 2

Tutorial Sheet
Unit I Sources of energy
1) Define Renewable and non renewable energy.

2) Discuss in detail current Indian and global scenario of energy.
3) Describe state wise energy consumption.
4) What is the role of energy in economic and social development and social transformation.
5) Write a shirt note on Energy Polices
6) Describe National level and State level policy
7) What are the International policy of G-8, G-20, OPEC and European countries
8) Explain solar energy policy of India.
9) Describe National Solar mission energy policy issues.
10) Define Energy securities and their challenges in Indian context.
Unit II Energy conversion
1) Explain followings with neat sketch:

a. Latitude (ii) Declination (iii) Surface azimuth Angle (iii) Solar Wall azimuth Angle
2) Write the difference between the diffuse and normal sky solar radiation on the surface.
3) How cooling can be obtained by utilizing solar energy?
4) What are the factors which limits the solar cells efficiency?
5) Classify the various solar thermal energy storage systems.
6) Describe different types of Solar Collectors. Also explain the various component of Flate
plate Solar Collector.
7) What are the various business opportunities in the solar PV technology.
8) Write an essay on Hydro and wind energy status in India.
9) What types of technology exist for Biomass, Geothermal, Tidal energy conversion
10) What are the international issues in nuclear energy technology?
Unit III Ecology
1) What is Ecosystems. Also explain their concept, components & types.

2) Define Atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere and cycles in Ecosystem.
3) Explain Water, Carbon, Nitrogen, Biodiversity, threats and conservation.
4) Write a short note on Producers, composers and decomposers,
5) What is Energy and matter flow.
6) Define Ecological succession.
7) Write a short note on Food chains webs and ecological pyramids.
8) What are the Characteristics, structures and functions of ecosystems such as Forest, Grassland,
Desert, Aquatic ecosystems.
9) Explain Community ecology and its Characteristics.
10) Define frequency, life forms, and biological spectrum.
11) Write a short note on Ecosystem structure.
12) What is Biotic and a-biotic factors.
13) Define food chain and food web.
14) Explain ecological pyramids.
15) Describe in detail Population ecology
Unit IV Environment
1) Watch s documentary i.e. ‘Inconvenient Truth’ and write a review in 1000 words.
2) What causes Air pollution? Classify and show by a flow diagram.
3) Write adverse effects of Green house gases.
4) Explain automobile emission problems.
5) Describe environmental security in the cases of power, infrastructure, agriculture and transportation.
6) Explain Kyoto protocol and its features.
7) Describe carbon credit, carbon trading, emission trading.
8) Describe the terms Voluntary Emission Rights (VER), Certified Emission Reductions (CER), and
emission reduction unit (ERU).
9) What are the Indian initiatives of reduction in green house gases?
10) Write 1000 words comments on Environmental ethics.
Unit V Values and ethics
1) Define ethics.
2) Explain in brief approaches to ethics.
3) What is the difference between Social values and individual attitudes.
4) Define the Philosophical, Social ethics and business ethics.
5) Write short note on human values and morals.
6) Explain Johari Window.
7) Write short note on:
a)Self concept
b) Emotional intelligence
c) Social intelligence
8) Explain the Self development concept.

9) Define the term “Impact of waste on society “.
10) Define management of e-waste
Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior
BASIC COMPUTER ENGINEERING
100203
L T P C
4 1 2 6
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To develop comprehensive knowledge about the fundamental principles and concepts of basic
computer engineering.
 To develop competencies for the design, coding and debugging of computer programs.
 To understand fundamentals of operating system concept & database management system.
 To acquire the basic knowledge of computer networks and its application & internet technology.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNIT-I FUNDAMENTAL OF COMPUTERS
Introduction, Von Neumann model, Evolution of Computers, Generation of Computers, Classification of
Computers, Computing Concepts, Hardware, Software: types of software, Memory: Memory
Representation, RAM, ROM, Storage Systems, Computer Codes: Decimal System, Binary System,
Hexadecimal System, Octal System, Conversion of Numbers, Applications of Computers.
UNIT-II BASIC CONCEPTS OF PROGRAMMING

Introduction & History of Programming Languages, Generations of Programming Languages,
Characteristics of a Good Programming Language, Categorization of Languages, Factors Affecting the
Choice of a Language, Fundamentals of programming: Operators, data types, variables, expressions, ,
precedence & associativity, statementsand control structure, types of errors, Program structure, array,
functions, union, structure, pointers.
UNIT-III OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS

Introduction, Functions of Operating System, Process Management, Memory management, File
Management, Device Management, Security Management, Types of Operating System, Popular Operating
Systems.
UNIT-IV DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

File system organization, Introduction to DBMS, Data models,File oriented Vs Database Approach,
Applications of DBMS, Architecture of Database management system, Data Independence, Data
Dictionary, DBA, DBMS keys, Data Definition Language, Data manipulation Language.
UNIT-V COMPUTER NETWORKS& INTERNET TECHNOLOGY
Introduction, Data Communication, Computer Network, Internetworking device, Network Topologies, OSI
model, WWW and Web browser, Internet Applications, basics of network security and E-commerce.
COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon completion of the course, it is expected that student will be able to:
 Have a thorough understanding of the fundamental concepts and techniques used in computer
engineering.
 Develop an understanding to design logical programs.
 Describe the fundamental architecture and types of operating system, with process management and
file management.
 Analyze different approaches of maintaining data and understand the variation between them.
 Recognize different computer networks and their design.
 Develop basic understanding of Internet and E-commerce.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
 Fundamentals of computer Engineering-E. Balagurusamy, Tata McGraw Hill Education private
Limited, second Edition.
 Basic computer Engineering-SumitaArora, DhanpatRai& Company.
 Operating System Concepts- Galvin Wiley.
 Database system concepts- Korth, McGraw-Hill.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lecture Plan
S.No./ Description Total No. Remark

Unit No. of lectures
Unit 1. Introduction: Von Neumann model, Evolution of
1
Computers
Generation of Computers, Classification of
1
Computers
Computing Concepts, H/W and S/w:types of
software 1
Memory: Memory Representation, RAM, ROM,

2
Storage Systems
Computer Codes: Decimal System, Binary
System, Hexadecimal System, Octal System, 2
Conversion of Numbers,
Applications of Computers. 1
Unit2 Introduction & History of Programming
Languages, Generations of Programming 2
Languages
Characteristics of a Good Programming
Language, Categorization of Languages, Factors 2
Affecting the Choice of a Language
Fundamentals of programming: Operators, data
types, variables, expressions, , precedence & 1
associativity
control structure, types of errors 2
Program structure 1
Array 2
Functions 2
Union, Structure 1
Pointers. 2
Unit3 Introduction, Functions of Operating System 1
Process Management 1
Memory management 1
File Management 1
Device Management 1
Security Management 1
Types of O.S., Popular Operating Systems. 2
Unit4 Introduction to Database Management System 1
File Oriented Approach & Database Approach 1
Data Model & Architecture of Database system 1
Data Independence and Data Dictionary 1
DBA, DBMS keys, Data Definition Language, 1
Data manipulation Language
Unit5 Introduction to Data Communication 1
Internetworking device, Network Topologies 1
OSI model 1
Web browser, Internet Applications 1
basics of network security and E-commerce 1
List of Experiments
1) Write a C program to enter two numbers and perform all arithmetic operations.
2) Write a C program to enter length in centimeter and convert it into meter and kilometer.
3) Write a C program to find maximum between three numbers.
4) Write a C program to check whether a number is divisible by 5 and 11 or not.
5) Write a C program to check whether an alphabet is vowel or consonant using switch case.
6) Write a C program to find maximum between three numbers using conditional/ternary operator.
7) Write a C program to check whether a character is uppercase or lowercase alphabet.
8) Write a C program to enter any number and print its reverse.
9) Write a C program to enter any number and check whether the number is palindrome or not.
10) Write a C program to enter any number and check whether it is Armstrong number or not.
11) Write a C program to convert Decimal to Hexadecimal number system.
12) Write a C program to count total number of duplicate elements in an array.
13) Write a C program to add and multiply matrix.
14) Write a C program to find total number of alphabets, digits or special character in a string.
15) Write a C program to check whether a given number is prime or not.
16) Write a C program to count No. of lines, characters, words in a given file.
Tutorial
UNIT-I
Q.1. What is Computer? Also explain its characteristics.
Q.2. Describe Bus Architecture of computer.
Q.3. What is Memory? Explain different types of memory also.
Q.4. Write Five Input / Output Devices.
Q.5. Write Application of Computer in Field of Multimedia.
Q.6. Explain different generations of Computer.
Q.7. Convert the following.
(1) ( 267)10 =(..........)2
(2) (101100110)2= (..........)10
(3) (2634)8=(........)2
(4) (192AB)16=(...........)2
UNIT-II
Q.1. Differentiate Primary data types with composite data types with example?
Q.2. What is operator in C++? Write a program in C++ languages that uses logical operator?
Q.3. Define variable and write down the rules for framing variables in C++ language.
Q.4. What is the difference between while and do while?
Q.5. What is the difference between call by value and call by reference? Explain with suitable
example.
Q.6. Explain the different type of arrays?
Q.7. What is a pointer in c++?
Q.8. What is NULL pointer and VOID pointer?
Q.9. What is the difference between char a[]= “string”; and char *p=”string”; ?
Q.10. Write down the syntax of for loop. What are the components of ‘for’ loop?
UNIT-III
Q.1. What is the difference between Hard and Soft Real-Time Systems?
Q.2. What is Multi Tasking, Multi Programming, Multi Threading?-
Q.3. What is the important aspect of a Real-Time System or Mission Critical Systems?
Q.4. What is Fragmentation? Different types of Fragmentations?
Q.5. What is CPU Scheduler?
Q.6. What is Cache Memory?
Q.7. What is a Safe State and what is its use in deadlock avoidance?
Q.8. What are the basic functions of an Operating System?
Q.9. Explain different types of O/S.
Q.10. What is Virtual Memory?
Q.11. What is Throughput, Turnaround Time, Waiting time and Response time?
UNIT-IV
1. Write the characteristics that distinguish the Database approach with the files based approach.
2. Define DML, DDL and DCL.
3. Explain Entity Integrity, Referential Integrity and Foreign keys
4. What are the responsibilities of DBA ?
5. Discuss various Data models.
6. Discuss the importance and application of DBMS.
7. Draw and Explain the architecture of database management system.
8. What is Data Dictionary?
9. Discuss the importance of database normalization.
10. Explain SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE and ALTER SQL commands
with suitable example.
UNIT-V
1. Explain TCP/IP protocol reference model.
2. Explain various types of web browsers.
3. Write short note on Web servers and WWW.
4. Explain OSI reference model.
5. Discuss confidentiality, Integrity, authentication and Non-repudiation security principles.
6. What is E-commerce? Discuss advantages.
7. Explain and compare Bus, Star, Ring and Mesh network topologies.
8. Explain the working of Switch, Hub, Router, Repeaters and Gateway internetworking devices with
advantages and disadvantages.
9. Differentiate LAN, MAN & WAN.
10. Differentiate Simplex, Half-Duplex and Full–duplex Modes of Transmission.
Madhav Institute of Technology and Science, Gwalior (MP)

Subject Name: Basic Mechanical Engineering
Subject Code: 100204
L T P C
4 1 2 6
Course Objectives:
 To familiarize the students with the basics of Mechanical Engineering.
 To impart knowledge about the various engineering materials, basic measurement system and basic
of thermodynamics.
 To impart knowledge of basic machines and methods encountered in engineering practice.
UNIT-I:
Materials: Classification of engineering material, composition of cast iron and carbon steels on iron-carbon
diagram and their mechanical properties; Alloy steel and their applications; rain diagram, Hooks law and
modulus of elasticity. Tensile, shear, hardness and fatigue testing of materials.
UNIT-II:
Measurement: Temperature, pressure, velocity, flow, strain, force and torque measurement, concept of
measurement error & uncertainty analysis, measurement by Vernier caliper, micrometer, dial gauges, slip
gauges, sine-bar and combination set; introduction to lathe drilling, milling and shaping machines.
UNIT-III
Fluids: Fluid properties, pressure, density and viscosity; pressure variation with depth, static and kinetic
energy; Bernoulli’s equation for incompressible fluids, viscous and turbulent flow, working principle of
fluid coupling, pumps, compressors, turbines, positive displacement machines and pneumatic machines.
Hydraulic power & pumped storage plants for peak load management as compared to base load plants.
UNIT-IV
Thermodynamics: Zeroth, First, second and third law of thermodynamics; steam properties, steam
processes at constant pressure, volume, enthalpy & entropy, classification and working of boilers, efficiency
& performance analysis, natural and induced draught, calculation of chimney height. Refrigeration, vapour
absorption and compression cycles, coefficient of performance (COP).
UNIT-V
Reciprocating Machines: Steam engines, hypothetical and actual indicator diagram; Carnot cycle and ideal
efficiency; Otto and diesel cycles; working of two stroke & four stroke petrol and diesel IC engines.
Course Outcomes
The students will be able to
 Acquire the knowledge of various engineering materials and their properties used in the present era
along with the measurement methods. Operate the machine tools like lathe, shaper and drilling
machine
 Gain knowledge about the fluid properties, pumps, compressors, turbines, various types of boilers, the
mountings and accessories and able to calculate the boiler efficiency and to design the chimney
dimensions.
 Acquire the knowledge of IC and steam engines and thermodynamic cycles.
Reference Books:
 Narula; Material Science; TMH
 Agrawal B & CM; Basic Mechanical Engineering; TMH
 Nag PK, Tripathi et al; Basic Mechanical Engineering; TMH
 Rajput; Basic Mechanical Engineering;
 Sawhney GS; Fundamentals of Mechanical Engibneering; PHI
 Nakra and Chaudhary; Instrumentation and Measurement; TMH
 Nag PK; Engineering Thermodynamics; TMH
 Ganesan; Combustion Engines; TMH
Lecture plan of basic mechanical engg.
Unit Unit Title Lecture Course to be cover

No. No.
1 Classification of engineering material
2 composition of cast iron and carbon steels on iron-
carbon diagram and their mechanical properties
Materials 3 Alloy steel and their applications
4 Iron carbon diagram
1. 5 Hooks law and modulus of elasticity.
6 Tensile testing of materials
7 shear testing of materials
8 hardness and fatigue testing of materials

9 Tutorial
24 Temperature, pressure, velocity, flow,
25 strain, force and torque measurement, concept of
measurement error & uncertainty analysis,
Measurement 26 measurement by Vernier calliper
2. 27 micrometer, dial gauges, slip gauges
28 sine-bar and combination set;
15 introduction to lathe drilling, milling and shaping
machines
16 Fluid properties, pressure
17 density and viscosity; pressure variation with depth,
Fluids 18 static and kinetic energy;
3. 19 Bernoulli’s equation for incompressible fluids,
viscous and turbulent flow
20 working principle of fluid coupling
21 Turbines, positive displacement machines and
pneumatic machines
22 pumps, compressors
23 Hydraulic power & pumped storage plants for peak
load management as compared to base load plants
24 Zeroth, First, second and third law of

thermodynamics;
25 steam properties,
Thermodynamics 26 steam processes at constant pressure
27 volume, enthalpy & entropy
4. 28 classification and working of boilers, efficiency &
performance analysis
29 natural and induced draught, calculation of chimney
height
30 Refrigeration, vapour absorption and compression
cycles,
31 coefficient of performance (COP)
Reciprocating 32 Steam engines
Machines 33-34 hypothetical and actual indicator diagram
5. 35 Carnot cycle
36 Efficiency of Carnot cycle
37 Otto and diesel cycles;
38 working of two stroke engine
39 working of two stroke engine
40 four stroke petrol and diesel IC engines
Text Books
1. Jonathan Wickert, Kemper Lewis, An Introduction to mechanical engineering
2. Michael Clifford, Kathy Simmons, Philip Shipway, An introduction to mechanical engineering Part-1
Part-2
Reference Books
1. Elements of Material Science and Engineering by Lawrence, H. Vanvlack dison; Wesley.
2. Introduction to Engineering Materials by Agrawal, B.K; Tata Mc Graw Hill, N. Delhi.
List of Experiments
1 Study of Lancashire boiler
2 Study of Babcock and Wilcox boiler
3 Study of Locomotive boiler
4 Study of Cochran boiler
5 Study of boiler mountings and accessories
6 Study of four stroke petrol engine
7 Study of four stroke diesel engine
8 Study of two stroke petrol engine
9 Study of two stroke diesel engine
10 Study of double acting simple steam engine
11 Study of receiver type compound steam engine
12 Tensile testing of standard mild steel specimen.
13 Experiments on Bernoulli’s theorem.
14 Linear and angular measurement using, Vernier; micrometer, slip gauge, dial gauge and sine-bar.
Tutorial
UNIT – 1
Q.1. Define mechanical properties of an engineering material. Discuss all the mechanical properties with
their definition and example.
Q.2. Draw stress-strain diagram for brittle and ductile materials and discuss it all the points
Q.3. What do you understand by mechanical testing? Explain all the test to measure the hardness of any
metal and also determine the hardness value.
Q.4. Discuss the composition, properties and uses of cast iron. How the properties of cast iron are affected
by the presence of silicon, phosphorous and sulphur.
Q.5. the following data was recorded during tensile test made on a standard tensile test specimen:
Original diameter and gauge length = 15mm and 60mm
Minimum diameter at fracture = 10mm
Distance between gauge points at fracture = 75mm
Load at yield point and at fracture = 40 KN and 45 KN
Maximum load that specimen could take = 70 KN.
Make calculations for (a) yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and breaking strength (b)
percentage elongation and percentage reduction in area after fracture (c) nominal and true stress and
fracture.
UNIT – 2
1. Define measurement. What are direct and indirect methods of measurement? Discuss the different
sources of errors in the act of taking measurement.
2. (a)Sketch a micrometer and explain its working.
(b)Define the terms least count, zero error and backlash in connection with a micrometer
3. Explain the use of pitot static tube for velocity measurement.
4. (b)Compare and contrast the use of venturimeter, flow nozzle and orifice meter as a device for flow
measurement.
5. Draw a neat sketch of a lathe machine and state the functions of its different parts.
6. Define milling. How a milling machine is specified?
7. (b)Name and state the function of the main operational parts of a milling machine.
UNIT - 3
1. State Bernoulli’s theorem for steady flow of an
incompressible fluid. Derive an expression for Bernoulli’s theorem from first principle and state the
assumptions made for such a derivation.
2. Sketch the Pelton turbine/ Francis turbine/ Kaplan
turbine. Name the various components and state their function.
3. (a)What is a hydro power plant?
4. (b)Sketch the general arrangement of a hydro-power
plant and state the function of its different components
5. A plate 0.025mm distant from a fixed plate moves at 60
2
cm/s and requires a force of 2N/m to maintain this speed. Determine the fluid viscosity between the
plates. Calculate the specific weight, density and specific gravity of one liter of a liquid which
weights 7N.
6. what is the function of the following components of a
hydroelectric power plant?
(i) Forebay
(ii) Surge tank
(iii) Draft tube.
(iv) Trashrack
(v) Penstock
(vi) Spillway
(vii) Hydraulic Turbine
(viii) Generator and Transformer
UNIT 4
Q.1. A non flow reversible process occurs for which pressure and volume are correlated by the expression P
= (v2 + 6/V) where p is in bar and V is in m3. What amount of work will be done when volume changes from
2 to 4 m3?
Q.2. 5000 Kg of steam is produced per hour at a pressure of 700 KN/m2 in a boiler. The temperature of feed
water is 40˚C. The dryness fraction of steam at exit is 0.98. The mass of coal burnt per hour is 700 Kg and
calorific value of coal is 3100KJ/Kg. Determine the equivalent evaporation and boiler efficiency.
Q.3. (a) What the processes involved in a Carnot cycle.
(b) Derive an expression for the thermal efficiency of a Carnot cycle.
Q.4. Sketch and explain the construction and working of a separating and throttling calorimeter used for
determining the dryness fraction of steam in a boiler.
Q.5. A machine operating as a heat pump extracts heat from the surrounding atmosphere, is driven by a 6.5
KW motor and supplies 2x105 KJ/hr heat to a house needed for its heating in winter. Find coefficient of
performance for the heat pump. How this COP will be affected if the objective of the same machine is to
cool the house in summer requiring 2x105 KJ/hr of heat rejection? Comment on the result.
UNIT – 5
Q.1. A single cylinder double acting steam engine admits dry saturated steam at 12bar. The cylinder
diameter is 30cm and stroke is 40cm. The clearance is 8% of stroke and the cut off occurs when the total
volume is equal to 0.25 of stroke volume. Assuming a diagram factor of 0.75, calculate the indicated power
of the engine if it runs at 250 rev/min and the exhaust takes place to atmosphere at 1 bar.
Q.2. A two stroke S.I. engine runs at 6000 rpm developing indicated power equal to 8 KW, the mean
effective pressure of 5bar, determine the diameter of the piston and the length of stroke, when the length of
stroke is four times the diameter of piston.
Q.3. An air standard Otto cycle is designed to operate with the following data Maximum cycle pressure and
temperature: 5MPa and 2250K Minimum cycle pressure and temperature: 0.1MPa and 300 Determine the
net work output per unit mass of working fluid and the thermal efficiency.
Q.4. The following particulars refer to a 4-cylinder, 4-stroke petrol engine;
Bore = 65mm; and stroke length = 95mm
Torque developed = 64Nm when engine turns 3000 rev/min
Clearance volume = 63cm3 for each cylinder
Relative efficiency = 0.5 and calorific value of petrol = 42000KJ/Kg
Make calculation for brake mean effective pressure and the fuel consumption in Kg/hr.
Q.5. A 4-Cylinder, two stroke cycle petrol engine develops 30 KW at 2500rev/min. The mean effective
pressure on each piston side is 8bar and mechanical efficiency is 80%. Calculate (a) the diameter and stroke
of each cylinder if the stroke to bore ratio is 1.5 (b) the fuel consumption if the brake thermal efficiency is
28% and the fuel used has a calorific value 43900KJ/Kg.

Subject: Basic Civil Engg. & Engg. Mechanics
Subject Code: 100205
L T P C
4 1 2 6
Syllabus
Course Objectives:
1. To understand the utility of various types of building materials.
2. To understand the location, construction detail and suitability of various building elements.
3. To determine the location of object on ground surface.
4. To stabilize the position of various object.
5. To understand the effects of system of forces on rigid body in static conditions.
6. Analysis of determinate structure (beam & truss)
Course contents:
Unit- I
Building Materials: Stones, bricks, cement, timber - types, properties, test & uses, Introduction of
concrete properties & Laboratory tests on concrete, curing of concrete and mortar Materials.
Unit- II
Surveying & Positioning: Introduction to surveying, Survey stations, Measurement of distances-
conventional and EDM methods, Measurement of directions by different methods, Measurement of
elevations by different methods, reciprocal leveling.
Unit- III
Mapping & Sensing : Mapping details and contouring, Plane tables and related devices. Introduction of
Theodolite. Measurement of areas and volumes, application of measurements in quantity computations,
Introduction of remote sensing and its applications.
Unit- IV
Forces and Equilibrium: Graphical and Analytical Treatment of Concurrent and non concurrent co-
planner forces, free body Diagram, Force Diagram and Bow’s notations, Application of Equilibrium
Concepts: Analysis of plane Trusses, method of joints, method of Sections. Frictional force in
equilibrium problems.
Unit -V
Centre of Gravity and moment of Inertia: Centroid and Centre of Gravity, Moment of Inertia of
Composite section , Radius of Gyration, Introduction to product of Inertia and Principle Axes.
Support Reactions, Shear force and bending moment diagram for cantilever & simply supported beam
with concentrated, distributed load and Couple.
Outcomes:
1. An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering.
2. An ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data.
3. An ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic
4. Constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety,
manufacturability and sustainability.
5. An ability to function on multidisciplinary teams.
6. An ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems.
7. An understanding of professional and ethical responsibility.
8. An ability to communicate effectively.
9. The broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solution in a global,
economic, environmental and societal context.
10. Recognition of the need for and an ability to engage in lifelong learning.
11. Knowledge of contemporary issues.
12. An ability to use the techniques, skills and modern tools necessary for engineering practice.
13. The program makes familiar with current & emerging socio-economic issues which civil engg.
is practiced.
14. The program makes them aware of professional ethics & their societal responsibilities for
sustainable growth.
15. Able to get good score in qualifying & competitive exams.
Reference Books:
1. S. Ramamrutham & R. Narayan; Basic Civil Engineering, Dhanpat Rai Pub.

2. Prasad I.B., Applied Mechanics, Khanna Publication
3. Punmia, B.C., Surveying, Standard book dept.
4. Shesha Prakash and Mogaveer, ; Elements of Civil Engg. & Engg. Mechanics; PHI
5. S.P. Timoshenki. Mechanics of structure, East West press Pvt.Ltd.
6. Surveying by Duggal – Tata Mc Graw Hill New Delhi
7. Global Positioning System Principles and application – Gopi, TMH
8. R.C. Hibbler – Engineering Mechanics -- Statics & Dynamics
9. A. Boresi & Schmidt – Engineering Mechines - statics dynamics, Thomson Books
10. R.K. Rajput, Engineering Mechanics, S. Chand & Co.
11. Building Materials—S.C.Rangwala-Charotar Publishing House
List of Practical’s
1. Study of various types of chain & Tapes.
2. Measurement of distance involving direct & indirect ranging.
3. Chain & Tape survey of given area.
4. Study of Prismatic & surveyor’s compass.
5. Measurement of direction by Prismatic compass.
6. Calculation of distance between two inaccessible points by Prismatic compass
7. Study of Dumpy level, leveling staff & level field book.
8. Exercise of Differential leveling & Fly leveling.
9. Study of various parts of Transits The dolomite.
10. Measurement of horizontal angle by Repetition method.
11. Determining the resultant force of coplanar concurrent and non-concurrent system of forces
by Graphical method.
12. Determining forces in members of a perfect frame by Graphical method.
Tutorial Sheets – I
Subject: Basic Civil Engg. &Mechanics, Subject Code: 100205

Branch: All Branches
Q.No.1 Write the properties, tests and uses of following building materials.
(a) Stone
(ii) Brick
(iii) Cement
(iv) Timber
Explain various methods of seasonin
Q.No.2 Explain following tests on concrete
(b) Workability
(ii) Strength
Q.No.3 What do you mean by Designation of concrete?
Q.No.4 Explain varios methods of Curing of concrete
Q.No.5 What are various types of mortar?
Tutorial Sheets – II
Q.No.1 Explain conventional methods of measurement of distances

Q.No.2 Discuss EDM method of measurement of distances.
Q.No.3 The distance between two stations was measured with 20m clain and found to be 2500m,
the same was measured with a 30m chain and found to be 2460 m. If 20m chain was 5 cm
too short, what was the error in the 30m chain.
Q.No.4 Explain the following
(i) Chaining along sloping ground
(ii) Errors in chaining
(iii) Obstacles in chaining
(iv) Tape corrections
(v) Survey stations and Lines
Q.No.5 Explain following terms:
(i) Angle & Bearing.
(ii) Types of meridians, Declination.
(iii) System of measurement of bearing.
(iv) Types of bearings based on reference meridian ,direction and systems of
measurements
(v) Types of compass
(vi) Local attraction – its detection and illumination
Q.No.6 The fore bearings of the lines AB,BC, CD and DA are 45o – 30’,
120o – 15’, 200o – 30’ and 310o – 45’ , respectively. Find angles
<A, <B, <C & <D.
Q.No.7 A closed traverse is conducted with five stations A,B,C, D and E taken in anticlockwise
order, the form of a regular pentagon, if the FB of AB is 30o – 0’, find the F.B. of the other
sides.
Q.No.8 The following are the observed bearings of the lines of traverse ABCDEA with a compass
in a place where local attraction was suspected.
Line F-B B-B
AB 191 – 45′
o
13o – 0′
BC 39o – 30′ 222o – 30′
CD 22o – 15′ 200o – 30′
CE 242o – 45′ 62o – 45′
EA 330o – 15′ 147o – 45’
Find the correct true bearings of the lines, if angle of declination at the place is 5oE.
Q.No.9 Define following terms:
(i) Level surface and level line.
(ii) Horizontal surface and horizontal line.
(iii) Vertical line.
(iv) Datum
(v) Reduced level
(vi) Line of collimation
(vii) Axis of telescope
(viii) Bench mark
(ix) Froe sight, back sight, and intermediate sight
(x) Height of Instrument
(xi) Change point
Q.No.10 Explain various method of leveling.
Q.No.11 What are various types of leveling.
Q.No.12 Write a short note on Reciprocal leveling.
Q.No.13 The following consecutive readings were taken on a ground :

2.100, 0.165, 3.165, 2.135, 2.125, 1.355, 1.125, 2.455, 1.465, 3.085, 2.125
The instrument was shifted after taking 5 & 8 reading. Enter the data in level book and
calculate R.L. of all the points, if the first reading was taken on B.M. of 100.000m R.
Q.No.14 The following consecutive readings were takes with a level and a 4 meter levelling staff on
a continuously sloping ground at common intervals of 30m.
0.855 (on A)., 1.545, 2.335 , 3.115, 3.825, 0.455, 1.380, 2.055, 2.855, 3.455, 0.585, 1.015,
1.850, 2.755, 3.845 (on B).
The R.L. of A was 380.500 m, Make entries in a level book and apply the usual checks.
Determine the gradient of AB.
Tutorial Sheets – III
1. Define following terms : Contour, Contour interval, Horizontal equivalent, Contour gradient.
2. Explain various methods of contouring.
3. Discuss the characteristics of contour.
4. Explain methods of interpolations of contours
5. What is plane table surveying? Discuss its merits and demerits.
6. What accessories are used in plane table survey? Mention the function of each accessory.
7. Q.No. 7 What do you mean by transit and non-transit theodolite ?
8. Q.No. 8 Explain the function of various parts of a transit theodolite.
9. Q.No.9 The following perpendicular offsets were takes at 20m interval from a survey line to an
irregular boundary line 2.95m, 4.10m, 9.0m, 6.85m, 7.60m, 4.20m, 5.50m and 4.35m. Calculate
the area enclosed between the survey line, irregular boundary line and first & last offset by
(a) Simpsons rule

(b) Trapezoidal rule
(c) Define remote sensing. Explain its applications in various fields.
Tutorial Sheets – IV
Q.No. 1 State & prove the followings:
(i) Law of parallelogram of Forces.
(ii) Lami’s theorem
(iii) Law of Triangle of Forces.
(iv) Law of polygon of Forces.
(v) Varignon’s Theorem
Q.No. 2 Find the resultant of two forces, 13 N and 11N acting at an angle whose tangent is 12/5.
Q.No. 3 A boat B is in the middle of a canal 100m wide, and is pulled through two ropes BA (150 m
long) and BC (100 meters long) by two men on the banks. The pull in BC = 1500N. Find the
pull Q in BA so that the boat moves parallel to the banks. Find also the resultant pull on the
boat.
Q.No.4 A particle O is acted on by the following forces:

(i) 20 N inclined 30o
(ii) 25 N towards the north
(iii) 30 N towards north west
(iv) 35 N inclined 40o to south of west.
Find the resultant.
Q.No.5 Forces of 7,15,13 N acting on a particle are in equilibrium. Find the angle between the first two
forces.
Q.No.6 An electric light fixture weighting 15N hange from a point C, by two strings AC and BC is
inclined at 60o to the horizontal and BC at 45o to the vertical as shown in fig.
Q.No.7 Two smooth spheres, each of radius 200mm and weight 200N, rest in a horizontal channel
having vertical walls, the distance between which is 720mm. find the pressures at E, F and G.
Q.No.8 A uniform ladder of length 15m rests against a vertical wall making an angle of 60o with
horizontal. Coefficient of friction between wall and ladder and ground and ladder are 0.3 and
0.25. A man weighing 500N ascends the ladder. How high will he be able to go before the
ladder slips. Find the weight necessary to be put at the bottom of the ladder so as to be just
sufficient to permit the man to go the top. Assume weight of ladder as 850N.
Q.No.9 Four forces of magnitude 10N, 20N, 30N and 40N are acting respectively along the four sides
of a square ABCD as shown in Fig 3.4 Determine the resultant moment about the point A.
Each side of the square is given 2m.
Q.No.10 Four parallel forces of magnitudes 100 N, 150N, 25N and 200N are shown in
fig……Determine the magnitude of the resultant and also the distance of the resultant from
Point A.
Q.No.11 The resultant of four forces of which three are shown in fig…….. is a couple of 4800 N-m,
clockwise in sense. If each square is one meter on a side, determine the fourth force completely.
Locate it on the system of forces given.
Q.No.12 Find the magnitudes and nature of forces in all the members of the truss with loadings as shown
in fig.
in fig.
in fig.
Q.No.15 Determine the forces in all the members of a cantilever truss shown in fig.
.Tutorial Sheets –V
1 Define the following terms:

(i) Centriod
(ii) Centre of gravity
(iii) Axes of reference
(iv) Centroidal axis
(v) Moment of inertia
(vi) Radius of gration
(vi) Product of inertia
(vii) Principal axis
2 State and prove the Theorem of Parallel axis & Theorem of Perpendicular
axis.
3 Find out the moment of inertia about its centroidal axes of the following
sections as shown below :
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(vi)
Q.No.4 Find out the product of intertia of a rectangular section about its base & left
face.
Q.No.5 Calculate the support reactions & Draw the bending moment & shearforce
diagrams & also located the position of point of contraflexure beams
given below:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
Please write the questions/problem/exercise which you would like to give to the students and also mention
the objectives to which these questions/problems are related.

Subject Name- Language Lab
Subject Code-100206
L T P C
- - 2 1
Syllabus
Objective:
The course intends to build the required communication skills of the students. The course seeks to
facilitate the use of English Language in daily discourse.
Course Content:
o Public speaking and oral skills with emphasis on conversation practices, role plays,
extempore, speech, JAM (Just a Minute Sessions). Describing objects and situation, giving
direction, and telephonic etiquette.
o Reading comprehension, intensive reading skills, rapid reading, and reading aloud.
o Translation from English to Hindi and vicé versa.
o Oral presentations. Preparation and delivery.
o Debates and group Discussion
Laboratory Part:
 Sessions in Language Laboratory using Software Words Worth (04 Lectures)
 Debate (04 Lectures)
 Communication (04 Lectures)
 Extempore and Just a Minute Sessions (04 lectures)
 Listening (04 Lectures)
 Reading Comprehension (04 Lectures)
 Reserved. (04 Lectures)
Reference Books:
o Murphy, Raymond. Intermediate English Grammar, New Delhi, Cambridge University Press.
2009
o McCarthy, Michael & Felicity O’ Dell. English Vocabulary in Use, New Delhi, Cambridge
University Press 2010
o M. Fowler’s Modern English Usage, New Delhi, OUP, 2004
MADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE GWALIOR

ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY COURSE CODE 100101
L T P C
4 1 2 6
Syllabus
Course Objective: The syllabus of Chemistry is designed with the objective to

1. Enable the students to become familiar with the concepts of Modern Engineering Chemistry
2. Develop and understanding of complex topics in correlation to Chemical analysis and applications.
So that they could be applied to the engineering and applications.
3. Help students develop understanding the reactions and analysis in Chemistry in day to day life.
UNIT – I Chemistry of Water Analysis
Source and impurities, alkalinity, pH, hardness of water, interrelationship between alkalinity and hardness,
degree of hardness, Standards of water for drinking purposes, purification of water for domestic uses,
methods of sterilization (in brief). Methods of water softening: lime- soda process, zeolite and ion exchange
resin process. Scale formation: causes, effects and prevention. Caustic embitterment, priming, foaming,
boiler corrosion and deaeration. Chemical Analysis treatment (Alkalinity, Chloride, Free chlorine, DO, BOD
and COD) Simple numerical problems on water softening based on lime soda process and water analysis.
UNIT –II Chemistry of Engineering Material (I)
Lubricants-Introduction, functions of lubricants, types and classification of lubricants, solid lubricants,

semi-solid lubricants, liquid lubricants, synthetic lubricants, lubricating emulsions, biodegradable lubricants,
mechanism of lubrication, physical & chemical properties, testing of lubricants, types of greases, application
of lubricants and silicones, selection of lubricants.
Cement: introduction & raw materials, gypsum cement, Types of cement, Methods of manufacturing
cement: Wet process, Dry process, Semi-dry process. Characteristics of the constitutional compound in
cement, Chemistry of setting & Hardening of cement, Additives, Properties and testing of cement, Types of
Portland cement and its derivatives, Other types of cements, Mortars and concretes.
Refractory.Introduction, classification and properties of refractory.
UNIT – III Chemicals of industrial importance

Fuels- Definition & Classification of fuels and their comparison. Calorific values, Determination of calorific
value by Bomb calorimeter. Fuel resources in India.Selection criteria of fuels. Proximate and ultimate
analysis of coal and their significance, clinker formation, pulverized coal as fuel and coke and it’s uses,
petroleum distillation, cracking, cracked gasoline. Varieties of fuel oils, their properties and uses, knocking,
anti-knocking compounds (octane &cetane number), simple problems based on combustion of solid, liquid
& gaseous fuels. Gaseous fuels (producer gas, water gas and LPG).
Dyes: Introduction classification of dyes, synthesis of Azo, reactive and vat dyes. Method of dying.
Application of dyes.
UNIT – IV Polymers of engineering importance

Introduction, types and classification of polymers, Types of polymerization: addition or chain
polymerization, condensation polymerization and their mechanism,
Plastics – Classification of plastic, important thermoplastic resins Nylon 66, Teflon, Polystyrene &
important thermosetting resins Phenolic resin, Amino resin. Moulding of plastics.
Elastomers - Natural & synthetic rubbers, Vulcanization, styrene rubber, polyurethanes, silicon rubber,
reclaimed rubber,
Introduction to polymer composites, Engineering Plastics, Polymer in medicine and surgery and conducting
polymers
UNIT – V Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis
Introduction to Chromatography- Classification of Chromatography Methods, Principle of

Chromatographic Mechanisms, Terminology Used in Chromatography, Chromatographic Performance,
Isolation of Separated Components (Elution), Column Chromatography and Gas Chromatography,
Introduction to Spectroscopy-Ultra-Violet, and Visible Spectroscopy, Theory of ultraviolet visible
spectroscopy, Types of electronic transitions, Chromophore, Auxochrome, Absorption and intensity shifts,
The Absorption law, Instrumentation, Applications of ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy,
Course Outcomes: Upon studying the modules of Chemistry the studentwill beable to:
1. Develop an understanding of the basics of Chemistry.
2. Understand about types of boiler problems, various physical and chemical techniques for water
treatment and its analysis.
3. Gain chemical knowledge on concepts of polymers, their structural properties and moulding
techniques required for solving interdisciplinary problems in polymer industries.
4. Develop an ability to solve numerical problems
5. Understand methods of testing and analysisof chemicals used in day to day life.
6. Develop understanding the reactions and properties of chemicals necessary for living.
Reference Books:
1. Engineering Chemistry- P.C.Jain and Monika Jain
2. Engineering Chemistry - B.K. Sharma, Krishna Publication.
3. A Text Book of Engineering Chemistry - S. S. Dara & A.K. Singh, S. Chand Publication.
4. Applied Chemistry - Theory and Practice, O.P. Viramani, A.K. Narula, New Age Pub.
5. Polymer Science – Ghosh, Tata McGraw Hill.
6. Chemistry for Environmental Engineering - Sawyer, McCarty and Parkin – McGraw Hill, International.
7. Industrial Chemistry - B.K. Sharma, GOEL Publishing house
Lecture Plane
Unit Topic covered Total no. of

lecture
Sources, Impurities, , Hardness & its units Industrial water 2
Requirement & characteristics
water hardness and its determination softening of water by various 3
methods(L.S., Zeolite, ion exchange resin)
(1class)
Unit I
Boiler trouble(carry over, scale and sludge, caustic embrittlement) 2
Boiler corrosion causes, effect & remedies, 2
Chemical Analysis treatment (Alkalinity, Chloride, Free chlorine, 2
DO, BOD and COD),
Numerical problems based on water analysis and water softening 2
processes
Introduction, Mechanism of lubrication, 2
Classification of lubricants, Prorerties of lubricants. 2
Properties and Testing of lubricating oils, Numerical problems based
on testing methods.
Introduction of cement raw material used for cement. 2
Unit II
Manufacturing of cement by dry and wet process 3
ISI- specification, Setting and hardening of cement 2
Refractory: Introduction, classification and properties. 2
Fossil fuels & classification, Calorific value, Determination of 2

calorific value by Bomb calorimeter.
Unit III
Proximate and Ultimate analysis of coal and their significance, 2
Computation based on Proximate and ultimate analysis data, 2
Carbonization,
Cracking of higher Hydrocarbons & mechanism of cracking, 1
Knocking, relationship between' knocking & structure of 1
hydrocarbon, improvement of anti knocking characteristics of IC
engine fuels,
Diesel engine fuels, Octane and Cetane numbers, numerical 1
problems based on fuel and combustion .
Fossil fuels & classification, Calorific value, Determination of 2
calorific value by Bomb calorimeter.
Proximate and Ultimate analysis of coal and their significance, 2
Computation based on Proximate and ultimate analysis data, 2
Carbonization,
Introduction classification of dyes. 2
synthesis of Azo, reactive and vat dyes 3
, method of dying. Application of dyes. 2
Introduction, types and classification of polymer 1
polymerization Reaction Mechanism, 2
, Natural & Synthetic Rubber; Vulcanization of Rubber, 2
Unit IV Preparation, Properties & uses of the following- Nylon 66, Teflon, 4
Polystyrene & important thermosetting resins Phenolic resin,
Amino resin. Moulding of plastics.
Natural & synthetic rubbers, Vulcanization, styrene rubber, 3
polyurethanes, silicon rubber, reclaimed rubber,
Introduction to polymer composites, Engineering Plastics, Polymer 2
in medicine and surgery and conducting polymers
Introduction, Principle, Instrumentation and applications of UV- 3
Visible Spectroscopy,
Lambert's and Beer's Law 1
Unit V Instrumentation and applications of 2
Instrumentation and applications of 2
Classification of Chromatography Methods Principle of 4
Chromatographic Mechanisms, Terminology Used in
Chromatography,
Isolation of Separated Components (Elution) 1
Column Chromatography 2
Gas Chromatography 3
Introductory aspects of Chemistry of smart and Nano materials. 1
Engineering Chemistry Practical
NOTE: At least 10 of the following core experiments must be performed during the session.
1. Water Testing
(i) Determination of Total hardness by Complex metric titration method.
(ii) Determination of mixed alkalinity
(a) OH & C03
(b) C03 & HCO3
(iii) Chloride ion estimation by Argentometric method.
2. Fuels & lubricant testing:
(i) Flash & fire points determination by
a) Pensky Martin Apparatus,
b) Abel's Apparatus,
c) Cleveland's open cup Apparatus.
d) Calorific value by bomb calorimeter
(ii) Viscosity and Viscosity index determination by
a) Redwood viscometer No.1
b) Redwood viscometer No.2
(iii) Proximate analysis of coal
a) Moisture content
b) Ash content
c) Volatile matter content
c) Carbon residue
(iv) Steam emulsification No & Aniline point determination
(v) Cloud and Pour point determination of lubricating oil
3. Alloy Analysis
(i) Determination of percentage of Fe in alloy by redox titration.
(ii) Determination of percentage of Cr in alloy by back titration
(iii) Determination of Cu in alloys by Iodometric Titration.
Reference Books:
1. Chemistry for Environmental Engineering - Sawyer, McCarty and Parkin – McGraw Hill,
International.
2. Engineering Chemistry - B.K. Sharma, Krishna Publication.
3. A Text Book of Engineering Chemistry - S. S. Dara & A.K. Singh, S. Chand Publication.
4. Applied Chemistry - Theory and Practice, O.P. Viramani, A.K. Narula, New Age Pub.
5. Polymer Science – Ghosh, Tata McGraw Hill.
Tutorial
Unit I Water and its treatment
1. What is the principle of EDTA titration ? How can the permanent hardness of water can be
determined by ths process?
2. What are the Zeolites ? How do they function in removing the Hardness of water ? What are the
limitation of this process?
3. Differentiate between scale and sludge .
4. How will you determine the alkalinity of water sample containing the hydroxide and carbonate ions .
5. Calculate the hardness of water sample ,whose 10ml required 20 ml of EDTA.20 ml of CaCl2
solution , whose strength is equivalent 1.5 g of CaCO3 per litre, required 30 ml of EDTA solution.
6. Calculate the amount of lime and soda required to soften 10,000 litres of water containing the
following ions per litre:
Mg2+=4.8mg , Ca2+=16mg , HCO3- =73.2mg
Short answer type question: (1/2/3 Marks)

1. Is it possible to remove permanent hardness?
2. CO2 should not be present in boiler feed water. Why?
3. If the water contains Ca2+ (aq) and HCO3- (aq), will it be hard water or soft water? Give reason.
4. Why alkalinity of water cannot be due to the simultaneous presence of OH-, CO32- and HCO3-?
Give reason?
5. Why is rain water a purest form of natural water?
6. Name a chemical substance, which by dissolving in distilled water make it alkaline as well as hard?
7. Name the tree gases dissolved in water responsible for causing corrosion.
8. Why is water softened why zeolite process unfit for use in boilers?
9. Are coagulants also used in hot lime soda process? Give reason.
10. What is permutit? Give formula.
11. What do you mean by soft and hard water? What are the causes of hardness of water?
12. What are the various units of measuring hardness? Give interrelation ship between various units of
hardness.
13. How deionization process is more efficient than the zeolite process.
14. What is the reason of boiler corrosion?
15. What is the reason of sale and sludge formation in the boiler corrosion?
16. What is the disadvantage of scale formation in the boiler?
17. Write a short note on application of coagulation in water treatment.
18. In the deionization process, water is usually passed through the cation exchanger and then through
the anion exchanger. Why?
19. Alkalinity of water cannot be due to the simultaneous presence of OH-, CO32- and HCO3- ions.
Why?
20. Why CaCO3 is used as a standard salt for determining hardness of water.
Long answer type of questions: (6 Marks)
1. Write various chemical reaction involve in water softening by lime soda process. Describe the hot
lime soda process with suitable diagram and write advantages over cold lime soda process.
2. Give the difference between hot lime and cold lime soda process.
3. How do you soften the hard water by zeolite process? Describe giving chemical equation, and
mention advantages and disadvantages of zeolite process of softening water over lime soda process.
4. Name the various methods used for softening of water. Explain with equation which is the best
method and why?
5. Discuss the de mineralization of hard water by giving appropriate equation and diagram? how can
you regenerate the exhausted resins?
6. Compare zeolite method ion exchange resin method of water softening. How are the exhausted resins
regenerated in ion exchange method of water softening?
7. Name the problems faced by using hard water in the boiler. Discuss any one.
8. Discuss formation, causes and harmful effects of scales and sludge in boiler.
9. Give the difference between scale and sludge formation. Which one is the most harmful and why?
10. Give the difference between (i) priming and foaming (ii) boiler corrosion and caustic embrittlement.
11. What do mean by the alkalinity of water? How can you determine?
12. Discuss in brief the boiler corrosion. How is it control?
13. How can you determine the hardness of water by complex metric method?
14. A sample of polluted water on analysis get the following results: suspended matter= 200 mg/l;
CaSO4 = 250mg/L; MgSO4=240mg/L;, MgCl2=190mg/L; H2SO4=98mg/L; Organic
matter=750mg/L.
(i)Calculate the total hardness of water sample.
(ii).calculate the amount of lime and soda needed per litre for its treatment if purity of lime is 90%
and that of soda is 98%.
15. calculate the amount of lime (84% pure) and soda (92%) needed in Kg for softening 3,00,000 litre of
water using 32.8 ppm of NaAlO2 as a coagulant the impurities present in water are as follows: Ca2+ =
240mg /l, Mg2+ = 96 mg/l, HCO- = 732 mg/l, dissolve CO2 = 44 mg /l, NaCl 60 mg/l and Fe2O3 =
160 mg/l.
16. A hard water sample has the following compositional data Ca(HCO3)2 = 162 ppm,Mg(HCO3)2 = 73
ppm, CaCl2 = 111 ppm, MgCl2 = 95 ppm, CaSO4 = 250ppm, MgSO4 = 120 ppm, FeSO4.7 H2O= 139
ppm, CO2 = 44 ppm.
Calculate temporary and permanent hardness and the quantity of lime and soda required for softening
one million liters of water.
17. The hardness of 10,000 liters of a sample of water was completely removed by zeolite softner. The
zeolite softener required 60 liters of NaCl solution containing 1.5 Kg/ litre of NaCl for regeneration.
Calculate the hardness of sample of water.
18. A totally exhausted zeolite softener required 50ml of NaCl solution, containing 351g of NaCl/ litre.
How many litres of hard water containing 700 Clark hardness can be softened by this processor?
Unit II Fuels and Combustion
1. On burning 0.75 x 10-3 Kg of a solid fuel in a bomb calorimeter, the temperature of 2.5 Kg water is
increased from 24°C to 28°C. The water equivalent of calorimeter and latent heat of steam are 0.485
Kg and 4.2 x 587 kJ/kg respectively. Specific heat of water is 4.2 kJ/kg/ °C. If the fuel contains
2.5% hydrogen, calculate its gross and net calorific values.
2. A gas has the following composition by volume: H-22%, CH4-4%, CO-20%, CO2-6%, O2-3% and
N-45%. If 25% excess air is used, find the weight of air actually supplied per m3 of this gas.
3. Mention the salient features of determination of calorific value by Bomb calorimeter.
4. Define and distinguish between the process of Combustion and Carbonisation.
5. Define and distinguish between Gross Calorific Value and Net Calorific Value .
6. What are coke oven gases? Describe the steps involved in the recovery of precious by products from
the coke oven gases?
7. Describe the Otto-Hoffman’s process for the manufacture of coke.
8. What is cracking? Describe the fluidized bed catalytic cracking process.
9. Write the informative notes on the following:
10. Flue gas analysis and its significance.
11. Octane number and cetane number and their relationship with the chemical constitution of the fuel
constituents.
12. Describe the methods of estimating the following elements:

a) Percentage of Sulfur in coal.
b) Percentage of C and N

1. What are greases?
2. Why graphite act as a good lubricant on the surface of moon?
3. Give the examples of solid lubricant.
4. Give the example of semi-solid lubricant.
5. Give the definition of saponification No.
6. Why should good lubricating oil have high aniline point?
7. What is lubricant?
8. What do you mean by viscosity?
9. Define SEN No.
10. Name the apparatus used for determining the viscosity.
11. Define basic refractory.
12. Define acid refractory.
13. Why should good lubricating oil have low SEN No.?
14. What do you mean by the viscosity index of lubricating oil.
15. Which apparatus are used to determining the flash and fire point of lubricating oil.
16. What is the effect of temperature on viscosity and why?
17. Why should good lubricating oil have low cloud and pour point.
18. Define cloud and pour point.
19. Define flash and fire point.
20. Which lubricant is used for the light and high speed machine working on NTP and why?
21. Which standards are used to calculate the V.I.
22. Define Acid value.
23. Flash point determination by the closed cup apparatus gives a lower value than determine by an
open cup apparatus.
24. What is the difference between Redwood viscometer No.1 and 2?
25. Determination of pour point of lubricating oil has a greater significance.
26. Oils having high viscosity need not necessarily have high viscosity index.
27. Closed cup apparatus gives a more reliable flash point than that given by an open cup apparatus.
28. What do you understand by thermal spalling.
29. What do you understand by RUL Test.
Long answer type of questions: (6 Marks)

1. How viscosity of an oil sample is determined with the help of Redwood viscometer and also
differentiates between Redwood viscometer No.1 and 2.
2. How viscosity index of an oil sample is determined with the help of Redwood viscometer. Write the
significance of the test.
3. Describe the determination of flash and fire point by Pensky martin apparatus. What is its
significance?
4. Write an informative note on Carbon residue test and give its significance.
5. What are lubricants? Give the various function of lubrication.
6. Write the various mechanism of lubricant in brief.
7. Write a brief note on grease.
8. Discuss in brief synthetic lubricants?
9. Discuss in brief greases and its consistency.
10. Explain the following properties of lubricants and discuss their significance:
(i) Cloud and Pour point.
(ii) Steam emulsion Number.
(iii) Aniline point.
(iv) Saponification number.
11. An oil sample under test has a Saybolt universal viscosity of 64 sec at 210 0 F and 560 sec at 1000F
.The Gulf oil possess a seybolt viscosity of 64 sec at 2100F and 770 sec at 1000F . The
Pennysylvanian oil gave a saybolt viscosity values of 64 sec at 2100F and 410 sec at 1000F calculate
the viscosity of oil sample under test .
12. An oil sample under test has a Saybolt universal viscosity of 64 sec at 210 0 F and 564 sec at 1000F .
The Gulf oil possess a seybolt viscosity of 64 sec at 2100F and 774 sec at 1000F . The
Pennysylvanian oil gave a saybolt viscosity values of 64 sec at 2100F and 414 sec at 1000F calculate
the viscosity of oil sample under test.
13. Write short note on Portland cement.
14. Give the composition of constitutional compound of cement. What is the role of gypsum in cement?
15. What are the raw materials used in Portland cement? Write the functions of the ingredients of
cement.
16. Draw a labelled diagram of rotator kiln for manufacture of Portland cement by wet process. Also
write the chemical reaction taking place in the kiln.
17. How are refractories classified? State some important application of refractories.
18. What is the importance of the following properties in the evaluation of a refractory brick?
a) Thermal spalling
b) Porosity
c) Refractoriness under load
Unit III Lubricants
1. Write the short note on the following-

2. Graphite b) Extreme pressure lubricants
a. C) carbon residue test d) viscosity and viscosity index
3. Define lubrication .Explain its mechanism.
4. Explain the following properties with their proper significance-
a. a) Flash and fire point b) cloud and pour point
b. saponification number
5. Write short note on solid lubricants
6. What is the grease? Give different types of greases .Mention their specific uses
7. An oil sample under test has a saybolt viscosity of 64 seconds at 210°F and 564 sec at 100°F . The
low viscosity standard posses saybolt viscosity of 64 sec at 210°F and 774 sec at 100°F .The
high viscosity standard 410 sec at 100°F .Calculate viscosity index of the oil sample under test .
Short answer type question: (3 Marks)

1. Define fuel.
2. What is dye
3. Give the classification of dye.
4. Give the classification of fuel.
5. What is azo dye?
6. What do you understand by direct dye?
7. What do you understand by reactive dye?
8. Define calorific value.
9. Define octane number.
10. Define cetane number.
11. Differentiate between coal and coke.
Long answer type of questions: (6 marks)

-3
13. On burning 0.75 x 10 Kg of a solid fuel in a bomb calorimeter, the temperature of 2.5 Kg water is
increased from 24°C to 28°C. The water equivalent of calorimeter and latent heat of steam are 0.485
Kg and 4.2 x 587 kJ/kg respectively. Specific heat of water is 4.2 kJ/kg/ °C. If the fuel contains
2.5% hydrogen, calculate its gross and net calorific values.
14. A gas has the following composition by volume: H-22%, CH4-4%, CO-20%, CO2-6%, O2-3% and
N-45%. If 25% excess air is used, find the weight of air actually supplied per m3 of this gas.
15. Mention the salient features of determination of calorific value by Bomb calorimeter.
16. Define and distinguish between the process of Combustion and Carbonisation.
17. Define and distinguish between Gross Calorific Value and Net Calorific Value .
18. What are coke oven gases? Describe the steps involved in the recovery of precious by products from
the coke oven gases?
19. Write the informative notes on the following:
20. Octane number and cetane number and their relationship with the chemical constitution of the fuel
constituents.
21. Give the synthesis and dying method of azo dyes.
22. Give the synthesis and dying method of reactive dyes.
23. Give the synthesis and dying method of vat dyes.
24. Describe the methods of estimating the following elements:

c) Percentage of Sulfur in coal.
d) Percentage of C and N
Unit IV Polymer
1. Explain the mechanism of free radical chain polymerization.

2. Explain the mechanism of cationic polymerization.
3. Explain the mechanism of anionic polymerization and give advantages of it over cationic chain
polymerization.
4. Distinguish clearly between the following :
a) Thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers
b) Addition and Condensation polymers.
c) Natural and synthetic rubbers
1. Define monomer.
2. What is meant by polymerization?
3. What is a polymer?
4. Define degree of polymerization?
5. Define functionality with suitable example?
6. What is meant by tacticity?
7. What is homo polymer?
8. What is co polymer?
9. Why atmospheric oxygen is used as initiator as well as inhibitor.
10. Name the initiators used in cationic chain polymerization.
11. Name the initiators used in anionic chain polymerization.
12. Define the roll of co catalyst in cationic chain polymerization.
13. Name the initiators used in free radical chain polymerization.
14. What is semi synthetic polymer?
15. Distinguish between addition and condensation polymerization.
16. Differentiate homo and co polymers.
17. Mention the various techniques of polymerization.
18. What are the advantages and dis advantages of plastic.
19. Give the draw backs of Raw rubber.
20. What is vulcanization? How it is useful?
21. What do you understand by disproportionation reaction?
22. What do you understand by chain transfer reaction?
23. What is the roll of inhibitors in polymerization?
24. Differentiate thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers.
25. Give the classification of polymers based on their uses.
26. Explain raw rubber is as useless as pure gold.
27. What are resins?
28. What are live polymers?
29. Write the full form of – HDPE, LDPE, and LLDPE.
30. Explain the mechanism of condensation polymerization.
31. Give the name of any 4 vulcanizing agent.
32. What is the difference between cross linking reaction and vulcanization?
Long answer type question :( 6 Marks)

5. Explain the mechanism of free radical chain polymerization.
6. Explain the mechanism of cationic polymerization.
7. Explain the mechanism of anionic polymerization and give advantages of it over cationic chain
polymerization.
8. How polymers are classified?
9. What is vulcanization? Give its mechanism.
10. Describe the chemical process which is used to improve mechanical properties of natural rubber.
11. Explain the roll of accelerator, activator and antioxidant in vulcanization.
12. How would you prepare Novolac from phenol and formaldehyde?
13. How would you prepare Resol from phenol and formaldehyde?
14. Give preparation, properties and technical applications of: Nylon 66 and Nylon 6.
15. Give preparation, properties and technical applications of: PVC and Teflon.
16. Give preparation, properties and technical applications of: HDPE and LDPE.
17. Explain why natural rubber needs vulcanization?
18. Explain the following with suitable example:
(i) Addition polymerization
(ii) Condensation
(iii)Co polymerization.
UNIT V
Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis

1. Evaluate the term absorption spectroscopy?
2. Differentiate chromophores and auxochromes with examples.
3. Discuss various types of electronic transitions occur in UV-Vis Spectroscopy.
4. Evaluate the term Bathochromic Shift.
5. Evaluate the term Auxochromic Shift.
6. What do you understand by the term chromatography?
7. Name the important adsorbent used in chromatography.
8. Define elution.
Long answer type question :( 6 Marks)
1. Discuss the applications of UV-Visible spectroscopy.

2. Explain the statement, derivation and the limitations of Lambert Beer law?
3. Formulate the principle, instrumentation and working mechanism of UV-Visible spectroscopy.
4. Give the principle o adsorption and partition chromatography.
5. Explain the principle, instrumentation and application Gas chromatography.

Engineering Mathematics –I
L T P C
4 1 NIL 5
Syllabus
Objective of Course
To understand the techniques of differential and integral calculus in engineering problems
To expose the concept of ordinary and partial differentiation
To explore with matrix and its applications
To understand Boolean algebra and graph theory
Unit 1:
Maclaurins’s and Taylor’s theorem , Partial differentiation, Euler’s theorem, Jacobian, Maxima and Minima
of one and two variables, Tangents and Normal, Curvature.
Unit 2:
Definite integral as limit of a sum, application in summation of series, Beta and Gamma function and its
properties, transformation of Beta function, Gama functions, transformation of Gama function, relation
between Beta and Gama function, Legendre’s duplication formula, double & triple integral, Change of order
of integration, Length of the curves, Volumes and surfaces.
Unit 3:
Ordinary differential equations of first and higher order, Linear higher order differential equation with
constant coefficients, Homogeneous linear differential equation and Simultaneous differential equations.
Unit 4:
Matrix, Rank of Matrix, Echelon form, Normal form of matrix, Solution of simultaneous equation by
elementary transformation, Consistency of equation, Eigen values and Eigenvectors, Normalized
eigenvector, Calley Hamilton theorem and its application to finding inverse of matrix.
Unit 5:
Introduction to Algebra of Logic, statement, Logical connector, Types of Conditional statement, Logical
equivalence, CNF and DNF, Algebraic laws, De morgan’s laws, Boolean algebra, Principle of duality basic
theorems, Boolean expressions and function, DNF and CNF form and Switching circuit.
Graph Theory, graph, Types of graphs, walk, path, circuit, Hamiltonian graph, Euler graph and its
applications, Tree, Spanning tree and its properties.
Course Outcomes
After completing this course, the students will be able to:
 Understand the knowledge of calculus and its problems.
 List of formulae and solve the problems of improper, double and triple integrals.
 Understand various types of matrix and its applications
 Analyze the Boolean algebra & graph theory to solve the real world problems
 Develop the model by selecting and applying a suitable mathematical method
Recommended Books:
1. Gorakh Prasad: Differential Calculus
2. Gorakh Prasad: Integral Calculus
3. E. Kreyszig: Advance Engineering Mathematics.
4. C.L Liu: Discrete Mathematics.
5. R. K. Jain, S. R. K. Iyengar: Advance Engineering Mathematics.
6. F. B .Hildebrand: Advanced Calculus for application
7. B. S. Grewal: Higher Engineering Mathematics.
8. B.V. Ramanna: Higher Engineering Mathematics
Lecture Plan
S. No. Topic No. of Lecture Remarks
Unit 1 Maclaurins’s and Taylor’s theorem 02

Partial differentiation, Euler’s 02
theorem, Jacobian,
Differentiation under integral sign by 02
Leibnitz’s rule, 02
Maximum and Minimum of one and 02
two variables,
Unit 2 Tangents and Normal, Curvature. 02
Definite integral as limit of a sum,
application in summation of series 02
Beta function and its properties, 04
transformation of Beta function,
Gamma functions, transformation of
Gamma function, relation between
Beta and Gamma function, Legendre’s
duplication formula 02
Double & Triple integral, change of 02

order Integration
02
Length of the curves, Volumes and
Surfaces. 01
03
Ordinary differential equations of first
order and higher degree and its
singular solulation, 02
Orthogonal trajectories,
Linear higher order differential
equation with constant coefficients,
Homogeneous linear differential 03
equation and simultaneous differential
equations.
Unit 3
03
Matrix, Rank of matrix,

Echelon form, Normal form of matrix,
application of matrix 02
Unit 4 Solution of simultaneous equation by 02

elementary transformation,
Consistency of equation
02
Eigen value and Eigen vectors,
Normalized Eigen vector
Calley-Hamilton theorem and its
application to finding inverse of
Unit 5 matrix.
Diagonalization power of matrix, 02
Real matrices, Symmetric, Skew
symmetric, Orthogonal, Quadratic
form, Canonical form, Sum and
Square form, Reduction of Quadratic 03
form to Canonical form.
Introduction to Algebra of Logic,

statement, Logical connector, types of
conditional statement, Logical 03
equivalence, Disjunctive normal form,
Conjunctive normal form,
Algebraic law’s, Demorgan’s law’s,
Boolean algebra, Principle of duality
basic theorems, Boolean expressions
and function, DNF & CNF forms and
Switching circuit.
Graph Theory, graph, Types of

graphs, Walk, Paths, Circuit,
Hamiltonian graph, Euler graph and
its applications, Tree, Spanning Tree
and its properties.
Tutorial Sheets - I
Unit- I
Q 1. Verify Euler’s Theorem for the function
x y
u  sin 1 ( ) and show that
x y
 2u  2u 2  u
2
sin u. cos 2u
x2  2 xy  y  .
x 2
xy y 2
4 cos 3 u
2 2 2
Q 2. If the normal to curve x  y  a , makes an angel φ with the axis of x, then show that its equation
3 3 3
is y cos   x sin   a cos 2 .

 x3  y 3  u  y
Q 3. If u  tan 1
 , then prove that x  y  sin 2 u .
 x  y  x x
Q 4. Expand log e (1  sin x) by Maclaurin’s Theorem.
Q 5. Define partial differentiation and write some application of partial differentiation and if
2
r

1   2   
  t e n 4t
. What value of n will make r  .
r 2 r  r  t
Unit - II
x2 y2 z2
Q 1. Find the maximum and minimum values of U    subject to
a4 b4 c4
x2 y2 z2
  1 and lx + my + nz = 0 interpret the result geometrically.
a2 b2 c2
Q 2. Find the volume of the solid bounded by the conical surface
x2 y2
( z  2)  
2
and the plane z =0.
3 2

2
d  142
Q 3. Prove that  (a cos 4   b sin 4  )
 1 .
0
4(ab) 4

Q 4. (i)Prove that B(m, n )  B (n, m) .
1 n
nr
(ii) Evaluate lim
n  n

r 1 nr
.
3 4 y
Q 5. Change the order of integration of the following integral-   ( x  y) dx dy .

0 1
Unit- III
d2y dy
Q1.solve 2
 4  4 y  xe x sin x
dx dx
d3y 2
2 d y dy
Q2. Solve x 3 3
 3 x 2
 x  8 y  65 cos(log x) .
dx dx dx
x y x
Q3. Solve (1 e ) dx  e y (1 x ) dy  0 .
y
d 2x 2 dx
Q4. Solve 2  b  k cos bt , given that x  0 and  0 , when t  0 .
dt dt
Q 5. Discuss different types of differential equation along with their Mathematical formulation.
Unit - IV
2 3  1  1 
1  1  2  4 
Q 1. Find the rank of matrix A =  
3 1 3  2
 
6 3 0  7
  2 2  3
Q 2. Find the Eigen Value and Eigen vectors of the matrix A=  2 1  6

  1  2 0 
Q 3. Find the real value of λ for which the equations:
x  2 y  3z   x
3x  y  2 z   y
2x  3y  z   z
have non-zero solution.
Q 4. Compute the rank and nullity of the following matrix by using elementary
 2  6  2  3
 5  13  4  7
Transformations, if A  .
 1 4 1 2
 
0 1 0 1
Q 5. Under what conditions the rank of the following matrix A is 3. Is it possible?

2 4 2
 
for the rank to be 1? Why? Where A = 3 1 2 .
1 0 x 
Unit - V
Q1. Simplify
  
(a) x ' x  y   y. y  x '   yy
' '
x   1
'
 
(b) xy  yz xz  yz  xz .
' '

Q2. Define with example:
(a) Regular Graph
(b) Complete Graph
(c) Euler Graph
(d) Walk
(e) Circuit.
Q 3. Define the following:
(i) Path (ii) Multi-graph (iii) Spanning tree (iv) Planar graph.
Q.4 (i) In Boolean algebra B , prove that-

(a  b) '  a ' . b ' ,  a, b B.
(ii) Express the following function into Conjunctive normal form-
f ( x, y , z )  x .
Q.5 (i) construct the truth table for the following proposition:
( p  q )  ( r )  q .
(ii) Translate the given diagram into switching function, simplify.
Or
Q1.Form the differential equation by eliminating the arbitrary constants a and b from the
y  a sin( t  b)
following equation .
A d 2 y 2 du
Q2. Show that u   B is a solution of the differential equation, 2   0.
r dx r dr
Q3. By the elimination of the constants һ and  , find the differential equation of which
( x  h) 2  ( y  k ) 2  a 2 is a solution.
Q4. Form a differential equation by eliminating arbitrary constants from the following
 x x
equation, y  A cos   + B sin   .
k k
dy x 2  xy dy y  x
Q5. (i)Solve x dy  y dx  x 2  y 2 dx . (ii) Solve = 2 (iii) Solve = .
dx x  y2 dx x
y y
(iv)Solve x. cos ( ydx  xdy)  y. sin .( xdy  ydx) . (v) Solve ( x  y ).( dx  dy )  dx  dy
x x
dy 2x 1
Q6.Solve + .y = 2 , given that y  0, when x  1 .
dx 1  x 2
( x  1) 2
dy dy
Q7.(i)Solve (1  x 2 ).  2 xy  cos x .(ii) Solve x( x  1).  ( x  2) y  x 3 (2 x  1).
dx dx
dy
 x. sin 2 y  x 3 cos 2 y. (iv) Solve ydx  xdy  (1  x )dx  x sin ydy  0.
2 2
(iii) Solve
dx
(v) Solve ( y  x. y )dx  ( x  x y)dy  0. (vi) Solve ( x y  2 x. y )dx  ( x  3x y)dy  0.
2 2 2 2 3 2
Q 8. (i) Solve ( D 1)( D  1) y  0. (ii) Find the C. F. for ( D  1) ( D  4) y  0.

2 2 2
d3y d2y dy d 2 y dy
(iii) Solve  y  0. (iv) solve  2 p  ( p  q ) y  0. (v)
2 2
  y  sin 2 x.
dx 3 dx 2 dx dx 2 dx
d2y
Q 9. (i)Find the G. S. of ( D 2
 D  1) y  sin x. (ii) Solve 2  4 y  cos 2 x.
dx
d3y 2 dy d2y  x
(iii)Solve.    sin  x .(iv)  4. y  2. sin   ,(v) ( D 2  3D  2) y  x.e x .
2
3 2
dx dx dx
d2y d2y
Q10 (i)Solve  4 y  sin 2
x. (ii) Solve  4 y  x. sin x.
dx 2 dx 2
(iii) Solve ( D  3D  2) y  cos e
2 x
 
d2y dy d2y dy x
(v) Solve 2
 2 .  y  x.e x
sin x. (vi).Solve 2
 4.  4 y  8 x 2 e 2 . sin 2 x.
dx dx dx dx
4
d y
Q11. (i) Solve 4  m 4 y  0,
dx
show that y  c1 cos mx  c2 sin mx  c3 cosh mx  c4 sinh mx.
(ii) Solve ( D  4D  4) y  x  e  cos2 x  .
2 2 x
(iii) Solve ( D  1) y  cosh x cos x .

2
(iv)Solve ( D  6D  13) y  8e sin 2 x . (v)

2 x
d2y
Solve ( D  1) y  sec x. (vi)Solve  4 y  tan 2 x.
2
dx 2
Q12.(i)Solve ( x D  3xD  5) y  sin (log x) .
2 2
d2y dy
(ii) Solve x 2 2
 x  3 y  x 2 log x.
dx dx
2
d y dy
(iii).Solve x 2 2  x  4 y  cos(log x)  x sin(log x).
dx dx
d3y  1
2
2 d y
(vi)Solve x 3  2 x  2y   x  .
 x
3 2
dx dx
d2y dy
Q13.(i)Solve (3x  2) 2
2
 3(3x  2)  36 y  3x 2  4 x  1 .
dx dx
d2y dy
(ii) solve ( x  a) 22
 4( x  a)  6 y  x .
dx dx
Q 14. (i) A mechanical system with two degree of freedom satisfies the equations,
d 2x dy d2y dx
2 2 3  4&2 2 3  0
dt dx dt dt ,
Obtain expression for x and y in terms of t, given x, y, dy/dt, dy/dt all vanish at t =0.
dy dz
(ii) Solve  yzx &  4 y  3z  2 x.
dx dx
d 2x 2 dx
Q15. Solve 2
 b  k cos bt , given that x  0 and  0 , when t  0 .
dt dt
Q16. (i) Discuss different types of differential equation along with their mathematical formulation.
(ii) Define linear and non-linear function and write the application of matrices.
Q.17. Explain order and degree of the differential equation and solve-
x 2 y dx  ( x 3  y 3 ) dy  0 .
2 x d
Solve: ( D  3D  2) y  540 x e , where D 
3
Q.18 .
dx
d2y dy
Q.19 Solve : (1  x) 2 2
 (1  x)  y  4 cos{log( 1  x)}.
dx dx
Q20. Examine the consistency of the following system of equations and solve them if they are consistent.
x1 + 2x2 – x3 = 3; 3x1 – x2 +2x3 = 1, 2x1 - 2x2 + 3x3 = 2, x1 – x2 + x3 = -1.
Q21. For what values of 𝜆 and µ, the equations x + y + z =6; x + 2y +3z =6; x + 2y + 𝜆z = µ.
Q22. Determine the values of t and k for which the following system of equations 3x -2 y + z =k;
5x - 8y +9z =3; 2x + y + tz = -1 has (1) unique solution, (2) no solution and (3) infinite solution.
Q23. For what values of 𝜆 the equations x + y + z =1; x + 2y +4z =𝜆; x + 4y + 10z = 𝜆2, have a solution?
Solve completely in each case.
Q24. Find the solution of the following homogenous system of linear equations
x1 + x2 +2 x3 + x4 = 0; 3x1 +4 x2 +7x3 + 10x4= 0, 5x1 + 7x2 + 11x3 + 17x4 = 0, 6x1 +8 x2 +13 x3 +16x4 = 0.
Q25. Solve the system of linear equations

x1 - 3x2 + x3 -7x4 +4x5= 0; x1 +2x2 -3x3 = 0, x2 -4x3 + 5x5 = 0,
Q26. Write the properties of characteristic of Eigen values?
Q27. Verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem for the matrix . Also find its inversing this theorem.
Q28. Verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem for A and hence, find A-1 when A =
Q29. Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem find A-2 , when A =

1 2 1 4 
2 4 3 4 
Q30. Reduce matrix A to its Normal form, where A =  , hence , find the rank of A.
1 2 3 4
 
 1  2 6  7 
Q31. Under what conditions the rank of the following matrix A is 3. Is it possible?
2 4 2
 
for the rank to be 1? Why ? where A = 3 1 2 .
1 0 x 
Q32. Compute the rank and nullity of the following matrix by using elementary Transformations, if
 2  6  2  3
 5  13  4  7
A  .
 1 4 1 2
 
0 1 0 1
2 3  1  1 
1  1  2  4 
Q33. Find the rank of matrix A =  
3 1 3  2
 
6 3 0  7
Technical English
Subject Code -100103
L T P C
4 1 2 6
Syllabus
Objective
 To develop spoken ability in a student so as he may acquire the ability to organise and express his
ideas.
 To communicate in English language on topics of general interest and be able to speak on issues of
collective interest.
 To build the required communication skills of the students so that they may communicate effectively
in real-life situations like starting a talk and be comfortable using English language.
 To enhance the ability to attempt an exercise after reading a particular text.
 To enhance the ability to construct small sentences and then to web them in a paragraph so as to
represent one’s own views effectively.
 To impart the ability in a student to construct sentences using same word in different parts of speech.
At the same time the practise will enrich the vocabulary of a student.
Unit I: Language and skills of communication

An Introduction to Linguistics, Properties of Language, Modern usages, English phonetic symbols/signs,
Vocabulary. Common errors in grammar.
Communication, Approaches, Elements, Types, Processes of communication, Communication Window,
Management and Grapevine Communication, Verbal and Nonverbal Communication, Barriers to
Communication. Negotiation and Conflict
Unit II: Application of linguistic ability

Listening: Factors affecting Listening, Improving Listening. Listening to topics of General Interest.
Speaking: Presentations, Demonstrations, Conversation, Telephonic Conversation, socializing, cultural
events, debates, and speech.
Unit III: Application of linguistic ability

Reading: Comprehension, stories, passages, etc.
Writing: Essentials of good writing, Précis Writing, Noting and drafting, Technical Descriptions of simple
engineering objects and processes, Writing of definitions of Engineering terms, Objects, Processes and
Principles, slogan writing comment, speech and advertising.
Unit IV: Official Writings:

Letter Writing: Essentials of letter writing, Format of a letter, Letters of Applications, Enquiry, Complaint.
Letters of calling quotations, placing tenders, orders, etc.
Note Making, Drafting, Email writing, Official Orders, Notices, Memorandum. Précis Writing.
Unit V: Official Writings:
Report Writing: Report writing, writing technical reports, observation report, Survey report, Report of
trouble, Laboratory report, Project Report, Survey report on the subjects of engineering, etc.Paragraph
Writing and Technical Descriptions
Outcomes of Technical English

 To develop spoken ability in a student so as he may acquire the ability to organise and express his
ideas.
 To communicate in English language on topics of general interest and be able to speak on issues of
collective interest.
 To build the required communication skills of the students so that they may communicate effectively
in real-life situations like starting a talk and be comfortable using English language.
 To enhance the ability to attempt an exercise after reading a particular text.
 To enhance the ability to construct small sentences and then to web them in a paragraph so as to
represent one’s own views effectively.
 To impart the ability in a student to construct sentences using same word in different parts of speech.
At the same time the practise will enrich the vocabulary of a student.
Reference Books: -
 Technical Communication —- By Meenakshi Raman, OUP.
 Understanding Human Communication — By Ronald Alderman by OUP
 Effective Technical Communication — Rizvi, TMH
 Communication Skills for Engineers – Pearson Education.
 Effective Business communication – Tata McGraw Hill
 Business Communication – OUP, Tata McGraw.
 Practical English Grammar by Thomson Martinet – Oxford University Press
 A Handbook of Language laboratory by Cambridge University Press
Lecture plan
S.N. Exercise Lectures
1. Phonetics & Exercise from Mark Hancock
Phonetics and Pronunciation exercise to be allotted in spot lab 08
manual.
2. Listening Task
To be allotted from the Software Words Worth or certain to be 04
taken in the class
Speaking
3. Group A: Extempore Speech. Topic for the same will be allotted 04
to any one of exercise and a student will be given three minutes to
speak
Group B: Group Discussion. Topic for the same will be given and
students will get 20 minutes to speak.
4 Reading Task
To be allotted on spot 04
Reading Test from Words Worth
5. Presentation
Students will be required to deliver a Power Point Presentation 10 04
minutes on a topic from their syllabi of their choice.
6. RESERVED
Reading and Writing Task 04
Precise Writing
Logical Construction of Paragraph
Note:
1. Students will not be required to submit in writing or any other paper work.
2. Their assessment will be based on two sets, spoken exercise and presentation conducted any
time during the semester.
3. They are required to email their ppt to humanitiesdepartment123@gmail.com for presenting
the same in the laboratory.
Language Laboratory:
The objective of the language lab is to expose students to a variety of listening and speaking drills. This
would especially benefit students who are deficient in English and it also aims at confidence building for
interviews and competitive examinations. The Lab is to cover following syllabus.
4. 1. Communication lab.
5. 2. Listening skills.
6. 3. Speaking skills. (A) Phonetic symbols, pronunciation.
7. (B). Conversation: telephonic, face to face, formal and informal situations
8. 4. Oral presentation.
TUTORIAL PLAN
Unit 1
Q1. Explain the process of Communication. How the new technologies effect the today’s communication?
Q2. What is understanding communication? How it is important to our daily lives?
Q3. What is Phonetics? Explain the vowel and consonant sounds?
Q4. What is language? Explain linguistic and it’s various components.
Q5. Explain briefly---
 Verbal, Nonverbal, Non-Verbal
 Body language
 Intrapersonal and Interpersonal communication
UNIT 2
Q1. Why listening is important to be a good communicator?
Q2. Define the Speaking and how one can be improved this skill?
Q3. What is Public Speaking? Illustrate any one art of Public 02Speaking?
Q4. What is reading comprehension? What points should one bear in mind during the comprehension?
Q5. Writes short notes on the following:
1- Presentations
2- CALL
3- Skimming and Scanning
4- Debate
5- Interviews
UNIT 3
Q1 Write down the essentialities of good formal writing?
Q2 What is Noting and Drafting explain it?
Q3 Differentiates between technical and non technical writings?
Q4 Write the notes on the following:
 Advertising
 Slogan writing
 Planning to prepare a lecture
 Précis writing
 Notice and Order
UNIT 4
Q1 what are essentials for drafting a letter?
Q2 Draft a letter in reply of advertisement seeking management professionals placed in the MSIL .Mention
the points how you fulfil the require criteria?
Q3. What is Report writing? How it is differ from the Letter writing?
Q.4 Write the job application.
UNIT 5
Q.1 Explain the types of Reports? What is the role of Observation type report in our day to day life?
Q.2 Write the Principles of paragraph writing.
Q.3 What is difference between inductive and deductive method of paragraph writing?
Q.4 What do you understand by observation report?
Q5. Tourism is the rapidly growing industries in India. Being India premier travelling agency Raj
travelling agency conducted a survey of last three years input of foreign tourists in India. The company
wants to attract a larger number of tourists avail its services. Draft a report to the CEO of Raj travelling
agency explains the result with your recommendation.

Basic Electrical & Electronics Engineering: 100104
L T P C
4 1 2 6
Syllabus
Course Objectives:
 To impart the basic knowledge about the D.C circuits and its applications.
 To inculcate the understanding about the AC fundamentals.
 To convey the basic knowledge of magnetic circuits and its terminology.
 Highlight the importance of transformers in transmission and distribution of electric power.
 To understand the working of D C Machine.
 To know about various electronic circuits and its importance.
Unit I - D.C. Circuits Analysis: Voltage and Current Sources: Dependent and independent source, Source
conversion, Kirchhoff’s Law, Mesh and Nodal analysis. Network theorems: Superposition
theorem, Thevenin’s theorem & Norton theorem and their applications.
Unit II – Single-phase AC Circuits: Generation of sinusoidal AC voltage, definitions: Average value,

R.M.S. value, Form factor and Peak factor of AC quantity, Concept of Phasor, analysis of R-L, R-
C, R-L-C Series and Parallel circuit, Power and importance of Power factor.
Unit III- Magnetic Circuits: Basic definitions, AC excitation in magnetic circuits, self inductance and
mutual inductance , Induced voltage, laws of electromagnetic Induction, direction of induced
E.M.F. Flux ,MMF and their relation, analysis of magnetic circuits.
Unit IV- Single-phase Transformer & Rotating Electric Machines: Single phase transformer, Basic
concepts, construction and working principal, Ideal Transformer and its phasor diagram at No
Load, Voltage, current and impedance transformation, Equivalent circuits and its Phasor diagram,
voltage regulation, losses and efficiency, testing of transformers, Construction & working
principle of DC and AC machine.
Unit V - Digital Electronics, Devices & Circuits – Number systems used in digital electronics, decimal,
binary, octal, hexadecimal, their complements, operation and conversion, Demorgan’s theorem,
Logic gates- symbolic representation and their truth table, Introduction to semiconductors,
Diodes, V-I characteristic, Bipolar junction transistors and their working, Introduction to CB, CE
& CC transistor configurations
Course Outcomes:
After the completion of the course, the student will be able to -
 Explain the working principle, construction, applications of transformer.
 Understand the basic concepts of DC, AC & magnetic circuits and complex devices such as
semiconductor diodes and field-effect transistors
 Apply the current theorems and laws to solve complex circuits.
Analyze the performance of electrical machines and electronic devices under different practical conditions
Recommended Books:
1. Basic Electrical Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill - D.P. Kothari & I.J. Nagrath
2. Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill – V N Mittle & Arvind Mittal
3. Electrical Machinery- A.E. Fitzgerald, C. Kingsley and Umans - TMH
4. Principles of Electrical Engineering- Vincdent Del Toro- Prentice Hall.
5. Basic Electrical engineering -A,E. Fitzgerald, Higginbotham and Grabel -TMH
6. Integrated Electronics- Millmann & Halkias
7. Electronics Devices & circuits- Sanjeev Gupta, Dhanpat Rai Publication
8. Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill - D.C Kulshreshtha
Lecture Plan
S.No. Content No of
Lectures
Unit I D.C. Circuits
1 Voltage & Current Sources: Dependent & independent source, 1
2 Source conversion 1
3 Mesh & loop analysis 2
4 Network theorems: Thevenin’s Theorem 1
5 Norton Theorem 1
6 Superposition theorem and their applications 1
Unit II Single phase AC Circuits
1 Generation of sinusoidal AC voltage, definition of average value, 2
R.M.S. value, form factor and peak factor of AC quantity
2 Concept of Phasor, Concept of Power factor, 1
3 Concept of impedance and admittance, Active, reactive and 2
apparent power
4 Analysis of R-L, R-C, R-L-C series & parallel circuit, Power and 2
importance of Power factor.
Unit III Magnetic Circuits 1
1 Basic definitions, AC excitation in magnetic circuits, self
inductance and mutual inductance,
2 Induced voltage, laws of electromagnetic Induction, 1
3 Direction of induced E.M.F. Flux ,mmf and their relation, 2
4 Analysis of magnetic circuits. 2
Unit IV Single-phase Transformer & Rotating Electric Machines
1 Basic concepts construction and features 1
2 Ideal Transformer and its phasor diagram at No Load 2
2 Voltage, current and impedance transformation, 1
3 EMF equation, Equivalent circuits, phasor diagram 2
4 Voltage regulation, losses and efficiency 1
5 Testing of transformers 1
6 Autotransformer 1
7 Construction details and working principle of DC machine, 2
8 Construction details and working principle of AC machine 2
Unit V Digital Electronics, Devices & Circuits
1 Number systems used in digital electronics, decimal, binary 3
octal, hexadecimal their complements, operation and conversion
2 De-Morgan’s theorem, Logic gates- symbolic representation and 1
their truth table
3 Introduction to semiconductors, Diodes, V-I characteristic 2
4 Bipolar junction transistors and their working 1
5 Introduction to CB, CE & CC transistor configurations 1
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Verification of Kirchhoff’s Laws.

2. Verification of superposition theorem.
3. Measurement of various electrical quantities using multimeter.
4. Separation of resistance and inductance of a choke coil.
5. To determine the voltage and current ratio of a single phase transformer.
6. To determine the polarity of a single phase transformer.
7. To perform open circuit and short circuit test on a single phase transformer.
8. Study of constructional features of DC machine.
9. To Determine the V-I characteristics of Diode.
10. Study of logic gates and verification of their truth tables.
Tutorial Sheet
Unit I D.C. Circuits
1. State Kirchoff’s Current Law (KCL). Mention the sign convention.

2. Illustrate KCL with an electrical network.
3. Show how KCL is based on the principle of conservation of charges.
4. State Kirchoff’s Voltage Law (KVL).
5. Clearly give the sign conventions for emf-s and potential drops as used in KVL.
6. Explain KVL with an example of an electrical network.
7. Show how KVL is based on the principle of conservation of energy.
8. Refer Fig. 1. Find the current in the 5 Ω resistor.
a. Find the potential at b w.r.t. that at a if the 5 Ω resistor is removed and the terminals a-b are
open circuited.
b. The 5 Ω resistor removed from the circuit and the 90 V source is replaced by a 12 Ω resistor.
Determine the resistance that will be measured across a-b.
Fig1
9. Explain the following terms

(a) Node (b) Branch (c) Dependent source (d) Independent source
10. Explain source transformation.
11. State Norton’s theorem. Obtain Thevenins equivalent circuit at AB as shown in figure3.
12. State Superposition theorem. Find the current in 10 ohm resistance shown in figure 2 using Kirchoffs
law
5Ω 8Ω A 3Ω
5Ω 10 Ω 5Ω
5Ω
20V 5Ω 50V
80V 4Ω 20V
B
Fig2 Fig3
Unit II Single phase AC Circuits
1. Show that addition of phasors is equivalent to addition of the corresponding sinusoids.

2. Consider a sinusoidal emf source, v(t) = Vm sin (ωt). Derive the phase relationships between the
drop across and the current through each of R, L & C. Sketch (i) the complete phasor diagram; and (ii)
voltage & current waveforms for each case.
3. In the following circuits supplied by an alternating emf, v(t) = Vm sin (ωt), find expressions for the
supply current and the drops across each element:
(a) R-L series circuit; and (b) R-C series circuit. Sketch (i) the complete phasor diagram; and (ii) voltages &
current waveforms for each case.
4. With the help of suitable circuits, explain ‘reactance’, ‘impedance’, ‘conductance’, ‘susceptance’ and
‘admittance’. Give their relationships. Mention their SI units.
5. In an R-L-C series circuit supplied by an alternating emf, v(t) = Vm sin (ωt), find expressions for the
supply current, i(t), in the following three cases: (a) XL> XC; (b) XL< XC; and (c) XL= XC. In each case,
sketch the complete phasor diagram indicating all voltages and the current.
6. What do you understand by the terms power and power factor. Discuss the effect of low power factor
on power system.
7. What due you meant by resonance in electrical circuit. A choke coil has a resistance of 2 Ω and
inductance of 5H .A capacitor C is connected in series with the choke coil and the combination is fed from
230 V, 50 Hz source. What should be the value of C so that the voltage across the choke coil is 250V.
8. What is the difference between a vector and a phasor. A sinusoidal current wave is given by i =50 sin
(100πt) Determine
(a) The greatest rate of change of current (b) The average value (c) Root mean square value (d) The time
interval between a maximum value and the next zero value
Unit III Magnetic Circuits
1. Clearly state Ampere’s circuital law?

2. Write down the expression for reluctance. What is its unit?
3. What is mean length and its importance?
4. Give two magnetic materials with permeabilities μ1 and μ2 with μ1 > μ2.
5. Which of these two, you will choose to make a magnetic circuit and why?
6. Why not the operating point is selected in the saturation zone of the B-H characteristic?
7. For the magnetic circuit shown in figure g the reluctance of the central limb (PS) is 10 × 105 AT/Wb
and the reluctance of the outer limbs (PTS and PQS) are same and equal to 15 × 10 5AT/Wb. To produce 0.5
mWb in PQS, the mmf to be produced by the coil will be
Fig4
8.For the magnetic circuit shown in figure 5 the reluctance of the central limb (PS) is 10 × 105 AT/Wb and
the reluctance of the outer limbs (PTS and PQS) are same and equal to 15 × 105 AT/ Wb. To produce 0.5
mWb in PQS, the mmf to be produced by the coil will be:
Fig5
Unit IV Single-phase Transformer & Rotating Electric Machines
1. Derive an expression for the emf induced in the primary winding of a transformer.
2. A 135 kVA, 1-φ transformer has a 2 kV, 50 Hz primary supply. It has 162 & 48 turns on primary and
secondary respectively. Neglecting losses, find the (a) no load secondary emf; (b) full load primary &
secondary currents; and (c) maximum flux in the core. (d) If the maximum permissible flux density in the
core is 0.95 T, find the minimum net area of cross section of the core.
3. Derive the condition for maximum efficiency of a transformer. Hence obtain an expression for the maximum
efficiency.
4. .A 28 kVA, 1-φ transformer has an efficiency of 96 % both at FL and at 3/4th load at 0.93 pf. Determine (a)
full load iron & copper losses; (b) efficiency at 65 % FL and upf; and (c) maximum efficiency at 0.93 pf.
5. Two impedances Z1 = (120 – j 107) Ω and Z2 = (150 + j 85) Ω are connected in parallel across a 200 V
supply. Find (a) branch currents; (b) total current; (c) complex power; and (d) apparent power.
6. A 42 kVA, 2200/240 V, 1-φ transformer has an iron loss of 830 W and full load copper loss of 1100 W.
Find its efficiencies at (a) full load and 0.86 pf; and (b) 75 % load and 0.9 pf.
7. With neat sketches, explain the construction of (a) stator and (b) rotor (both (i) the slip ring rotor =wound
rotor; and (ii) the squirrel cage rotor) of a 3φ induction motor.
8. Compare the various features of the wound rotor with those of the squirrel cage rotor. Hence discuss (a)
their relative advantages; and (b) their applications.
9. Show that the stator winding of a 3φ induction motor produces a rotating air gap flux.
10. Explain how the rotating magnetic field of a 3φ induction motor results in a torque due to which the motor
is self-starting.
11. A 6-pole 3φ alternator running at 1200 rpm supplies a 4-pole 3φ induction motor which has a slip of 3% at
full load and 2.5 % at half load. Find the motor speed and the frequency of the rotor induced emf at full
load and half load. If the rotor induced emf per phase is 160 V at standstill, find the rotor induced emf per
phase at full load and half load.
12. For a 3φ synchronous generator, explain with neat sketches, the construction of (a) the stator with the
armature windings; and (b) the rotor of these types: (i) the salient pole rotor; and (ii) the non-salient pole
rotor.
13. Why is it advantageous to have the armature on the stator and the poles or excitation system on the rotor in
a 3φ alternator?
14. Compare the various features of the salient pole rotor with those of the smooth rotor. Hence mention the
types of applications which are suitable for the alternators with each type of rotor.
Unit V Digital Electronics, Devices & Circuits
1. Given the two binary numbers X = 1010100 and Y = 1000011, perform the subtraction
2. What are basic properties of Boolean algebra?
3. Convert (25.625)10 into binary
4. Convert (BAD)16 into decimal number.
5. Explain positive and negative logic
6. Use 2’s complement to perform A-B with the given number.
(i)A = 1010; B=1001 (ii) A = 1000; B=1010(iii) A = 0011.1001; B=0001.1110
7. Perform the following operations using 2’s complement arithmetic. The numbers are represented using
2’s or 10’s or 16’s complement notation as the case may be. Express the result both in 2’s complement
binary as well as in decimal.
(a) (7F)16 + (A1)16. (b) (110)10 + (0111)2.
8. Do the following conversions:
(a) eight-bit 2’s complement representation of (−23)10;
(b) The decimal equivalent of (00010111)2 represented in 2’s complement form.
9. The result of adding two BCD numbers represented in excess-3 code is 0111 1011 when the
two numbers are added using simple binary addition. If one of the numbers is (12)10, find the
other.
10. What is the advantage of using Gray code? Enumerate the steps required for the conversion
of binary number in to its Gray code equivalent. Convert (1001011)2 to Gray code.
11. Convert the following pairs of decimal numbers in Excess-3 numbers and perform their
addition in Excess-3 code (i) 38, 37 (ii) 129,131.
Convert the following pairs of decimal numbers in BCD numbers and perform their addition in
BCD code (i) 48, 32 (ii) 29, 11.
12. We are to match a 24 Ω speaker load to an amplifier so that the effective load resistance is
12 KΩ. What should be the transformer turn ratio?
13 A single stage amplifier has collector load Rc=10KΩ, input resistance Rin=1KΩ and β=100.
If RL=100Ω find the voltage gain. 5
14.A single stage amplifier has collector load Rc=20KΩ, input resistance Rin=2KΩ and β=100.
If RL=75Ω find the voltage gain
100105: Engineering Graphics
L T P C
4 1 2 6
Syllabus
Course Objectives:
1. To inculcate the imagination and mental visualization capabilities for interpreting the geometrical
details of common engineering objects
2. To impart knowledge about principles/methods related to projections of one, two and three
dimensional objects
Unit - I
Introduction: Instruments, lettering and dimensioning, plane geometrical constructions.
Scales: Plain and Diagonal scale – representative factor, unit conversion, and exercises based on linear, area,
volume and speed. Scale of chord.
Engineering curves: Cyclonical curves - cycloid, epicycloid and hypocycloid curve. Tangent and normal
on the curves, Spiral curves - Archimedean and logarithmic spiral curves, Tangent and normal on the curves,
Involute curve.
Unit - II Orthographic projection

Projections of points: Introduction, types of projections, quadrant system, positions of points, exercise.
Projection of straight line: Introduction, orientation of a straight line, traces of a line and exercise.
Unit - III
Projection of planes: Introduction, types of planes, traces of planes, position of planes, exercise.
Projection of solids: Introduction, types of solids, positions of solids and exercise.
Unit - IV
Section of solids: introduction, types of section planes and anti-section and exercise.
Development of surfaces of right solids: Introduction, methods of development, and anti-development.
Unit - V
Intersection of cylinders and prisms: Introduction, methods of developments, intersection of cylinder by
another cylinder, intersection of prism by another prism and exercise.
Isometric projections: Introduction, isometric scale, isometric axis, isometric view and isometric
projections from orthographic views, orthographic views from pictorial view and exercise.
Course Outcomes: After successful completion of this course students will be able to:
1. Imagine and visualize the geometric details of engineering objects.
2. Translate the geometric information of engineering objects into engineering drawings.
3. Use computer aided drafting in their respective engineering field.
4. Develop knowledge to read, understand and explanation of drawing.
5. Improve their skills so that they can apply these skills in developing new products.
6. Prepare simple layout of factory building
Text & References Books:
1. Engineering Drawing by N. D. Bhatt, Charotar Publication Pvt. Ltd.
2. Engineering Drawing by P.S. Gill, S. K. kataria& sons, Delhi
3. Engineering Drawing by Basant Agrawal & C. M. Agrawal, Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd.
4. Engineering Graphics by K. Venugopal, New Age International Publication, India
LECTURE PLAN
LECTURE
UNIT CONTENT TO COVERED
NO.
1 Introduction about subject, tools and books used
Discussion about geometrical construction & types of

2
scales
3 Construction and exercises of plain scale
4 Exercises of plain scale problems

Scales
and
5 Construction and exercises of diagonal scale
Engineering Curves
6 Exercises of diagonal scale problems
7 Construction of engineering curves
8 Exercises of engineering curves problems
1 Introduction and basics of orthographic projections
2 Exercises of projection of points problems
3 Basics of projection of line
4 Exercises of projection of line problems

Projection of Points
and 5 Exercise of problems based on mid-point
Straight Line
6 Basics of traces of line and its presentation
7 Exercises of traces of line type problems
8 Basics of problems based on rooms and exercise
1 Basics of plane i.e. types, positions wrt reference planes
2 Exercise of single stage type questions
3 Exercise of two stage type questions
Projection of Planes 4 Exercise of three stage type questions

and
Solids 5 Basics of solids i.e. types, positions wrt reference planes
1 Basics of section of solids

Section of Solids
and 2 Exercise of single stage type questions
Development of 3 Exercise of two stage and three type questions
Surfaces
4 Basics of anti-section and its exercises
5 Basics of development of surfaces
8 Basics of anti-development and its exercises
1 Basics and exercise of intersection of cylinder to cylinder
2 Exercise of intersection of cylinder to cylinder
3 Exercise of intersection of prism to prism
Intersection of Solids 4 Exercise of intersection of prism to prism

and
5 Basics of isometric projections and isometric scale
Isometric Projections
6 Exercise of isometric views and projections
7 Exercise of compound solids as isometric views
8 Exercise of isometric to orthographic views
Laboratory Work
Sketching and Drawing of geometries and projections based on above syllabus.
LIST OF EXERCISE SHEET
Sheet
TITLE OF SHEET Sheet description
No.
GEOMETRICAL
1 Lettering, dimensioning practice and geometrical constructions.
CONSTRUCTION
SCALES AND
2 ENGINEERING Exercises of plain scale, diagonal scale and engineering curves.
CURVES
PROJECTION OF
3 Exercises of projection of points in different quadrants.
POINTS
PROJECTION OF
4 Exercises of projection of lines in different quadrants & positions.
STRIGHT LINE
PROJECTION OF
5 Exercises of projection of planes in different positions & stages.
PLANES
PROJECTION OF
6 Exercises of projection of solids in different positions & stages.
SOLIDS
SECTION OF
7 Exercises of section of solids in different positions & stages.
SOLIDS
DEVELOPMENT
8 Exercises of development of surfaces in different positions.
OF SURFACES
INTERSECTION
9 Exercises of intersection of solids in different positions.
OF SURFACES
ISOMETRIC
10 Exercises of isometric projection and isometric views.
PROJECTION
TUTORIAL
UNIT 1 SCALES AND ENGINEERING CURVES
1. Construct a scale of 1cm = 1m to show meters and decimeters and long enough to measure upto 15 m.
2. The distance b/n two stations is 200 km. A train covers this distance in 5 hrs. Construct a plain scale to
measure time up to a single minute. The RF of the scale is 1/250000. Indicate on the scale the distance
covered by the train in 27 min.
3. A rectangular plot of 25 square kms is represented on a certain map by a similar rectangular of area one
square centimeter. Draw a PS to show kms. Measure a distance of 65 km on scale.
4. Construct a DS of RF = 1/32 showing yards, feet and inches and to measure up to 5 yards. Indicate the
distance of 3Yard 2 feet and 1 inch on the scale.
5. Construct a DS of RF = 1/60000 to read upto 40 m min. & show on it a a distance of 7360 m.
6. A car is running at a speed of 50km/hr. construct a diagonal scale to show 1km by 3cm and to measure
upto 6km. mark also on the scale the distance covered by the car in 5minute and 28 seconds.
7. A circle of 40 mm diameter rolls on a horizontal line without slipping for half revolution and for the
remaining half revolution it rolls on a vertically downward. Draw the path traced by a point P on its
circumference for one revolution. Initially the point position to be on the horizontal line.
8. A circular base of 30 mm dia. with external contact for one complete rotation of the rim of the rolling disc
which is situated dimensionally opposite to the point of contact in the starting position.
9. Draw a hypocycloid. of directing circler radius 60 mm and radius of the rolling circle 30 mm.
10. An elastic string 145 mm long has its one end attached to the circumference of a circular disc of 40 mm
dia. Draw the curve traced out by other end of the string, when it is completely wound around the disc,
keeping the string always tight.
11. Construct an Archimedean spiral for one convolution. The initial and final radius vectors are 24 mm and
96 mm respectively. Draw a tangent and normal to the spiral at a point 48 mm.
12. Construct a LS of 2/3 convolution given the greatest and shortest radii as 75 mm and 15 mm. & angle
30o.
UNIT 2 PROJECTION OF POINTS & STRAIGHT LINE
13. A point E is 35 mm below HP and 25 mm behind the VP. Another point F is 30 mm above HP. And 40
mm in front of VP. The distance b/n their projectors is 40 mm. Draw the projections of the points E and F
and find the distance b/n them.
14. A point A is situated in the first quadrant. Its shortest distance from the intersection point of HP, VP and
profile plane is 60 mm and it is equidistant from the principle planes. Draw the projections of the point and
determine its distance from the principal planes.
15. A line PQ 70 mm long is parallel to HP and inclined at 45o to VP. Its end P is 20 mm above the HP and
15 mm in front of VP. Draw the projections of line.
16. A line AB 80 mm long makes an angle of 60o with the HP and lies in an auxiliary vertical plane (AVP)
which makes an angle 45o with the VP. Its end a 10 mm away from the both the planes. Draw the
projections of AB and determine its true inclination with the VP and its traces.
17. A line AB 120 mm long is inclined at 45o to HP and 30o to VP. The end A is in second quadrant and end
B in fourth quadrant. A point C in AB, 40 mm from A is in both the planes. Draw the projections of AB.
18. A room is 4.8m X 4.2m x 3.6m high. Determine graphically the distance between a top corner and the
bottom corner diagonally opposite to it.
19. The projectors draw from the HT and VT of a straight line AB 80 mm apart while those drawn from its
ends are 50 mm apart. The HT is 35 mm in front of the VP, the VT is 55 mm above the HP and the end A is
10 mm above the HP. Draw the projections of AB and determine its length and inclinations with ref. planes.
20. A line AB measures 100 mm. The projectors through its VT and the end A are 40 mm apart. The point A
is 30 mm below the HP and 20 mm behind the VP. The VT is 10 mm above the HP. Draw he projections of
the line and determine its HT and inclinations with the HP and VP.
21. Draw an isosceles triangle of abc of base ab 40 mm and altitude 75 mm with a in xy and ab inclined at
45o to xy. The figure is the top view of a triangle whose corners A, B, C are respectively 75 mm, 25 mm and
50 mm above the HP. Determine the true shape of the triangle and the inclination of side AB with two
planes.
22. Two lines AB and AC are 50 mm and 75 mm long makes an angle of 120o between them in their front
view and top view. AB is parallel to both the planes. Determine real angle between them.
23. The front view of a line makes an angle of 30o with xy. The HT of the line is 45 mm in front of the VP
while its VT is 30 mm below the HP. One end of the line is 10 mm above the HP and other end is 100 mm
in front of the VO. Draw the projections of the line an determine true length and inclinations.
UNIT 3 PROJECTION OF PLANES & SOLIDS
24. An equilateral triangle ABC of 50 mm side has its plane perpendicular to HP and inclined at 30 o to VP.
Its one side is parallel to and 15 mm in front of VP, a corner of this side 10 mm above HP. Draw its
projections.
25. A square ABCD of 40 mm side has its plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 30 o to HP. Its one side
is parallel to and 20 mm above the HP. Its other side is parallel to & 15 mm in front of VP. Draw its
projection.
26. A regular pentagon of 25 mm side ha one side in the HP. Its plane is inclined at an angle of 30o to the HP
and perpendicular to VP. Draw the projections of the pentagon.
27. A regular hexagon thin plate of 40 mm side has a circular hole of 45 mm diameter in its center. It is
resting on one of the its corner in the HP. Draw its projections when the plate surface is vertical and 30 o to
VP.
28. A circular plane of 40 mm diameter is resting in HP on a point of its rim. The plane makes an angle of
45o with HP and is perpendicular to VP. Draw its projections.
29. A regular pentagon of 50 mm side is resting on one of its sides on the HP having that side parallel to and
25 mm in front of VP. It is tilted about that side so that its highest corner rests in the VP. Draw the
projection of the pentagon.
30. A thin circular plate of ф64 mm has a square hole 32 mm side cut centrally through it. Draw its
projections when the plate is resting on HP with its surface inclined at 30o to the HP and an edge of square
hole perpendicular to VP.
31. A composite plate of negligible thickness is made up of a rectangle 60 mm x 40 mm and a semi-circle on
its longer side. Draw its projections when surface inclined to HP at 30o and the diameter of the semi-circle is
perpendicular to VP.
32. An equilateral triangle ABC having side length as 50 mm is suspended from a point O on the side AB 15
mm from A in such a way that the plane of the triangle makes an angle of 60o with the VP. The point O is 20
mm below HP and 40 mm behind the VP. Draw the projections of the triangle.
33. Draw the projection of a square pyramid having one of its triangular face in the VP and the axis parallel
to and 40mm above the HP. The side of base 30mm and axis 75 mm long.
34. A rectangular tank 75mmX50mmX25mm thick has a hole of 30mm dia. drilled centrally through its
largest faces. Draw the projections when the block has its 50 mm long edge parallel to the HP and
perpendicular to the VP and has the axis of the hole inclined at 60o to the HP.
35. Draw the projections of cone base 50mm dia. and axis 75mm long lying on a generator on the ground
with the top view of the axis making an angle of 45o with the VP.
36. A hexagonal pyramid side of base 25mm long and height 70 mm has one its triangular face
perpendicular to HP &inclined at 45o to the VP. The base side of this triangular face is parallel to HP. Draw
its projections.
37. A hexagonal prism base 30mm side and axis 75mm long has an edge of the base parallel to the HP and
inclined at 45o to the VP. Its axis makes an angle of 60o with the HP. Draw its projections.
UNIT 4 SECTION OF SOLIDS & DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACES
38. A cube of 65 mm long edges has its vertical faces equally inclined to the VP. It is cut by a section
plane perpendicular to VP so that the true shape of the section is a regular hexagon. Determine the
inclination of the cutting plane with the HP and draw the sectional top view and true shape of the section. 2
A tetrahedron of 65 mm long edges is lying on the ground on one of its faces with an edge perpendicular to
the VP. It is cut by a section plane which is perpendicular to the VP so that the true shape of the section is an
isosceles triangle of base 50 mm long and altitude 40 mm. find the inclination of the section with the HP and
draw the front view, sectional top view and true shape of the section.
39. A hexagon pyramid base 50 mm side and axis 100 mm long is lying on the ground on one of the
triangular faces with the axis parallel to the VP. A vertical section plane the HT of which makes an angle of
30o with the reference line passes through the center of the base and cuts the pyramid the apex being
retained. Draw the top view, section front view, true shape of the section.
40. A hexagon prism side of base 35 mm and height 75 mm is resting on one its corners on the ground
with a longer edge containing that corner inclined at 60o to the HP and a rectangular face parallel to VP. A
horizontal section plane cuts the prism in two equal halves. Draw the front view, sectional top view and
draw another top view on an auxiliary inclined plane which makes an angle of 45o with the HP.
41. A cylinder 65 mm dia. and 90 mm long has its axis parallel to HP and inclined at 30o to VP. It is cut
by a vertical section plane in such a way that the true shape of the section is an ellipse having the major axis
75 mm long. Draw its section front view and true shape of the section.
42. A solid composed of half hexagonal pyramid and half cone is standing on base on HP with one side
of base of half hexagonal pyramid base parallel to VP. A string is wound round from the corner point of
base on periphery of the joint of the circular base and hexagonal base and brought back to the same point.
Draw the front view and top view of the string and find its true length. Take side of hexagon 25 mm,
diameter of circle 50 mm and axis 75 mm.
43. A right regular pentagonal pyramid edge of base 25 mm and height 60 mm is lying on one of its
triangular faces on HP with its axis parallel to VP. An auxiliary inclined vertical section plane perpendicular
to HP and inclined at 30o to VP cuts the pyramid removing the part containing the vertex. Draw the top
view, sectional front view and development of the surface of the remaining portion of the pyramid.
44. A hollow right circular cone made of paper is opened out and the development is a semi-circle of 50 mm
radius. A full circle of largest possible size is drawn in ink inside this semi-circle and the paper is folded
back to its shape of cone. Draw the top view and front view of the cone keeping it in simple position and
show the ink lines in these views.
45. A square prism of 50 mm edge and 65 mm height stands on one its faces on the HP with a vertical faces
making an angle of 45o with VP. A horizontal hole of 25 mm diameter is drilled centrally through the prism
such that the hole passes through the opposite vertical edges of the cube. Draw the development of the
surface of the prism and the hole.
UNIT 5 INTERSECTION OF SURFACES & ISOMETRIC PROJECTIONS
46. A cylinder of 50 mm dia. and 75 mm long is standing on its base on HP, completely penetrated by
another cylinder of same size. The axis of the penetrating cylinder is parallel to both HP and VP and is 8 mm
away from the axis of the vertical cylinder. Draw the projections of the solids showing curves of penetration.
47. A vertical square prism base 50 mm side has its faces equally inclined to VP. It is completely
penetrated by another square prism of base 30 mm side, the axis of which is parallel to both the planes and is
6 mm away from the axis of the vertical prism. The faces of the horizontal prism are equally inclined to the
VP. Draw the projections of the solids showing lines of intersection.
48. A square prism of 40 mm side and 70 mm height, resting on HP with one face inclined at 30o to VP
is penetrated by another square prism of 32 mm side and 90 mm long the faces of which equally inclined to
VP. The axes of two prisms are parallel to the VP and bisect each other at right angles. Draw the projections
of the solids showing the lines of intersections.
49. A cylindrical slab 70 mm diameter and 40 mm thick is surmounted by a cube of 35 mm edge. On the
top of a cube rests a square pyramid altitude 35 mm and side of base 20 mm. the axes of the solids are in the
same straight line. Draw isometric views of the solids.
50. A cube of 40 mm sides rests centrally on a square block of 60 mm edges and 20 mm thick. Draw the
isometric projections of the two objects with the edges of two block mutually parallel to each other.

100106: Manufacturing Practices
L T P C
2 1
Syllabus
Course Objectives:
3. To familiarize with the basics of tools and equipments used in fitting, carpentry, sheet metal, welding
and smithy.
4. To familiarize with the production of simple models in the above trades.
UNIT-I
Introduction: Manufacturing Processes and its Classification, Casting, Machining, Plastic deformation and
Metal forming, Joining Processes, Heat treatment process, Assembly process.
Black Smithy Shop

Use of various smithy tools, Forging operations; Upsetting, Drawing down, Fullering, swaging, Cutting
down, Forge welding, Punching and drafting.
Suggested jobs: Forging of chisel, forging of Screw Driver.
UNIT-II
Carpentry Shop
Timber: Type, Qualities of timber disease, Timber grains, Structure of timber, Timber seasoning, Timber
preservation. Wood Working Tools: Wood Working Machinery, joints and joinery, various operations of
planning using various carpentry planes sawing & marking of various carpentry joints.
Suggested Jobs: Name Plate, Any of the carpentry joint like mortise or tennon Joint
UNIT-III
Fitting Shop:
Study and use of measuring instruments, Engineer steel rule, Surface gauges caliper, Height gauges, feeler
gauges, Micrometer. Different types of files, File cuts, File grades, Use of surface plate, Surface gauges
drilling tapping Fitting Operations: Chipping filling, Drilling and Tapping.
Suggested Jobs: Preparation of job piece by making use of filing, sawing and chipping, drilling and tapping
operation.
UNIT-IV
Foundry:
Pattern Making: Study of pattern materials, pattern allowances and types of patterns. Core box and core
print, Use and care of tool used for making wooden patterns.
Moulding: Properties of good mould & Core sand, Composition of Green, Dry and Loam sand. Methods
used to prepare simple green and bench and pit mould dry sand bench mould using single piece and split
patterns.
UNIT-V
Welding: Study and use of tools used for Brazing, Soldering, Gas & Arc welding. Preparing Lap & Butt
joints using Gas and Arc welding methods, study of TIG and MIG welding processes. Safety precautions.
Course Outcome: After successful completion of this course students will be able to:
1. Understand applications of hand tools, machine tools and power tools.

2. Utilization of appropriate tools required for specific operation.
3. Understand safety measures required to be taken while using the tools in floor shops, Machine ships
and carpentry shop.
4. Use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for manufacturing and production
engineering.
5. Design and conduct experiments in the field of Production engineering.
6. Design a system, components, or process to meet desired needs, ethical, health and safety,
manufacturability and sustainability.
Text & References Books:
1. Bawa HS; Workshop Practice, TMH

2. Rao PN; Manufacturing Technology-Vol.1 & 2, TMH
3. John KC; Mechanical Workshop Practice; PHI
4. Hazra Choudhry; workshop Practice-Vol.1 & 2.
5. Jain R. K.; Production Technology
Laboratory Work:
Relevant shop floor exercises involving practice in forging, Carpentry, fitting, pattern making, Sand
casting, moulding, Welding, Sheet metal fabrication techniques.

BE I Year Scheme &amp; Syllabus

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MADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, GWALIOR

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED SCIENCE

Subject: Engineering Physics Paper code-100201

Unit-I Quantum & Nuclear Physics

Unit II Wave Optics

Unit III Solid State Physics & Superconductivity

Unit IV Electronic materials and applications

Unit V Laser Physics and Fiber Optics

1. Develop an understanding of the concepts of Modern Physics at Engineering level

TUTORIAL-BE 1ST YEAR ENGINEERING PHYSICS

1. State Heisenberg uncertainty principle.

BRIEF ANSWER QUESTIONS (02 /03 MARKS)

1. Starting from the de-Broglie concept, obtain Heisenberg uncertainty principle.

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (06/7MARKS)

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (06/07 MARKS)

S.No. Content No of Lectures

6 Indian initiatives of reduction in green house gases. Environmental 1

7 Impact of waste on society, management of e-waste 2

1) Define Renewable and non renewable energy.

Unit II Energy conversion

1) Explain followings with neat sketch:

Unit III Ecology

1) What is Ecosystems. Also explain their concept, components & types.

Unit V Values and ethics

8) Explain the Self development concept.

UNIT-II BASIC CONCEPTS OF PROGRAMMING

UNIT-III OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS

UNIT-IV DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

S.No./ Description Total No. Remark

Memory: Memory Representation, RAM, ROM,

Madhav Institute of Technology and Science, Gwalior (MP)

Unit Unit Title Lecture Course to be cover

7 shear testing of materials

8 hardness and fatigue testing of materials

24 Zeroth, First, second and third law of

MADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, GWALIOR

5. An ability to function on multidisciplinary teams.

6. An ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems.

7. An understanding of professional and ethical responsibility.

8. An ability to communicate effectively.

11. Knowledge of contemporary issues.

15. Able to get good score in qualifying & competitive exams.

1. S. Ramamrutham & R. Narayan; Basic Civil Engineering, Dhanpat Rai Pub.

Subject: Basic Civil Engg. &Mechanics, Subject Code: 100205

Q.No.1 Explain conventional methods of measurement of distances

Q.No.10 Explain various method of leveling.

Q.No.11 What are various types of leveling.

Q.No.12 Write a short note on Reciprocal leveling.

Q.No.13 The following consecutive readings were taken on a ground :

Tutorial Sheets – III

(a) Simpsons rule

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1 Define the following terms:

MADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, GWALIOR

MADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE GWALIOR

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UNIT – I Chemistry of Water Analysis

Lubricants-Introduction, functions of lubricants, types and classification of lubricants, solid lubricants,

UNIT – III Chemicals of industrial importance

UNIT – IV Polymers of engineering importance

UNIT – V Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis

Introduction to Chromatography- Classification of Chromatography Methods, Principle of

Unit Topic covered Total no. of

Fossil fuels & classification, Calorific value, Determination of 2

BE I Year Scheme & Syllabus

BE I Year Scheme & Syllabus