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Use the following to answer questions 1 - 4:
___1. What organelle is illustrated above? A) mitochondrion
B) chloroplast C) ribosome D) golgi apparatus
___2. What is the term for the stucture labeled “a”?
A) granum B) stroma C) crista D) thylakoid
___3. Which statement is NOT true of the set of reactions labeled “d”?
A) They are referred to as the Calvin Cycle.
B) Carbon dioxide is “fixed” during the process.
C) Most carbon is converted into RuBP.
D) The process must occur in the presence of light.
___4. Reduced carbon dioxide is one of the end products shown in the
diagram. The other end product, labeled “b” must be ;
A) water B) ATP C) NADPH D) oxygen gas
___5. In the electron transport chain, the hydrogen ions enter
the inner compartment of mitochondria through special
channels formed by
a. ATP synthase. c. acetyl CoA.
B. coenzyme A. D. oxygen.
___6. Which of the following is true concerning glycolysis?
a. It is an aerobic process.
b. A net of 2 molecules of ATP are produced.
c. A total of 38 ATP are produced.
D. 4 NADH are produced.
___10.
a. 2 b. 4 c. 34 d. 38
___11. Using the figure, skeletal muscle and brain cells using aerobic
respiration produce ____________ molecules of NADH
which generates __________ molecules of ATP total.
a. 2; 4 b. 10; 28 c. 10; 30 d. 10; 36
___12. Refer to the figure below. In aerobic respiration, each
glucose molecule forms _______ molecules of FADH 2
that yields _______ molecules of ATP.
a. 2; 6 b. 10; 28 c. 10; 30 d. 2; 4
___13. In the human skeletal muscle and brain cells, the energy
yield per molecule of glucose in aerobic respiration is
________ times higher than the energy yield in
anaerobic respiration.
a. 2 b. 16 c. 18 d. 19
___14. In the liver, kidney, and heart cells, the total number of ATP molecules generated per glucose in aerobic
respiration is a. 2 b. 30 c. 36 d. 38
___15. When lactose is digested, it yields two monosaccharides called
a. glucose and glucose. c. glucose and fructose.
b. maltose and glucose. d. glucose and galactose.
___16. Which statement is NOT true about the cyclic electron pathway?
A) It produces ATP. C) It produces NADPH.
B) It involves Photosystem I. D) Electrons lost from Photosystem I eventually return to Photosystem I.
___17. Which statement is NOT true about the noncyclic electron pathway?
A) Electrons are boosted to higher energy level in Photosystem I. C) It produces ATP.
B) Sunlight excites electrons in Photosystem II. D) It produces NADPH.
E) It produces carbohydrates through carbon dioxide fixation.
___18. Which of these is most closely associated with the process of electron transport?
A) the double membrane of the chloroplast C) a stack of thylakoid membrane structures
B) a flattened disk or sac in the chloroplast D) the central fluid-filled space of the chloroplast
E) the pigment complex in the membranes of the thylakoids
___19. Although it is not possible to be exact about when cyanobacteria first appeared on earth, most scientists agree
that about two billion years ago, they expanded rapidly and raised the oxygen in the earth's atmosphere to
present levels in about 500 million years. This appearance of oxygen and the beginning of aerobic life was made
possible by the appearance of
A) fermentation. B) Photosystem I. C) Photosystem II. D) ATP hydrolysis.
___20. Which statement is NOT true about photosystems?
A) Photosystem I passes electrons on to Photosystem II.
B) Each photosystem contains numerous pigment molecules that act as antennas to capture light.
C) Photosystem II contains a reaction center molecule that loses electrons which are then replaced by electrons
from water.
D) Electrons in the reaction center molecule are excited by absorbed solar energy and are passed along to an
acceptor molecule.
PROCESS
___1. Which of the following human activities reduces the level of ozone in the atmosphere?
A using artificial lighting in scientific polar stations
B using large banks of solar cells for energy production
C releasing chlorofluorocarbons from aerosol cans
D destroying large areas of the equatorial rain forests
___2. _________ is a new branch of science that studies all aspects of biodiversity with the goal of
conserving natural resources.
A. Human biology C. Agronomy
B. Conservation biology D. Wildlife management
___7. What statement is true about pollution?
A. pollution is any environmental change that adversely affects living things
B. pollution is the third main cause of extinction
C. pollution can lead to disease
D. All of these are true about pollution
___5. Why is biodiversity valuable and desirable to humans?
A. for medicinal purposes C. for consumptive use