MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) A set of computer instructions designed to solve a specific problem is referred to as a 1)

A) device. B) hardware concept.
C) solution. D) program.

2) ________ is what allows a computer to function as a word processor, then a browser, and then a 2)
spreadsheet.
A) Drivers B) Firmware C) Software D) Hardware

3) Compilers and translators are one form of 3)

A) hardware. B) RAM. C) ROM. D) software.

4) Errors in a software program are referred to as 4)

A) viruses. B) bugs.
C) software omissions. D) bad recipe.

5) A set of step-by-step procedures for accomplishing a task is known as a(n) 5)

A) hardware program. B) algorithm.
C) firmware program. D) software bug.

6) When a programmer checks to see if a program functions correctly and then corrects errors, it is 6)
known as
A) error-proofing a program. B) de-erroring.
C) default-error checking. D) debugging.

7) For a program to be read by the CPU, it must be loaded into 7)

A) the BIOS.
B) read-only memory (ROM).
C) the hard disk.
D) memory or random access memory (RAM).

8) When reading a program, the CPU ________ instructions from the program. 8)
A) opens and reads B) executes and opens
C) runs and operates D) fetches and executes

9) Machine language uses 9)

A) Java language. B) English language codes.
C) human instructions. D) numeric codes.

10) Typical computer programming languages used today include all of the following EXCEPT: 10)
A) Visual Basic. B) C++.
C) machine language. D) Java.

11) Java is referred to as a(n) 11)

A) programming mid-level language. B) hardware device driver.
C) low-level language. D) high-level language.

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12) A compiler is 12)
A) English-like instructions.
B) the most common type of translator program.
C) the same thing as a device driver.
D) physically located in the CPU.

13) Programs now resemble ________ much more than in the past. 13)
A) natural language B) machine language
C) compiler and translation software D) low-level language

14) Common in today's software, ________ supplement(s) the help files that are available at the user's 14)
request.
A) online help B) printed manuals
C) help DVDs D) read Me files

15) The process of eliminating problems and errors and improving the software is known as 15)
A) software advancement. B) downgrading.
C) free service packs. D) upgrading.

16) Minor revisions in software are often reflected in the use of 16)
A) whole numbers. B) version letters.
C) upgrade code letters. D) decimal numbers.

17) Most companies use ________ numbers to indicate minor revisions and whole numbers to indicate 17)
major
revisions.
A) whole B) codes C) decimal D) version

18) EULA stands for 18)

A) employee-use legal arrangement. B) end-user license agreement.
C) end-use license arrangement. D) environmental use licensing agreement.

19) When a user purchases software, ________ is actually purchased. 19)

A) a set-up of CDs, therefore, the software itself
B) digital rights management
C) a license to use the software
D) an open agreement allowing the user to copy the software

20) A campus or a mid-size company may purchase ________ so all users have legal access to the 20)
software.
A) simultaneous-user licenses
B) just one license and copy it to all machines
C) a standard software license
D) volume licenses

21) Nearly all commercial software is 21)

A) free for copying. B) copyrighted.
C) shareware. D) trademarked.

2
22) Software that is free to everyone is known as 22)
A) public-access software. B) shareware.
C) Microsoft Office. D) public domain software.

23) Which software is free to use for a trial period, but requires some minimal payment after the trial 23)
period?
A) freeware B) open-source software.
C) shareware D) graphics program

24) An application designed for a particular business is called 24)

A) a vertical-market application. B) a programming language.
C) open-source software. D) a compiler.

25) Operating systems and utility programs are in a class of software known as 25)
A) system software. B) application software.
C) BIOS software. D) software suites.

26) Every general-purpose computer must have a(n) 26)

A) operating system. B) software license agreement.
C) software suite. D) word-processor program.

27) If the computer is on and the computer is running properly, the ________ must be active and 27)
running.
A) BIOS instructions B) ROM
C) large array of utility programs D) operating system

28) When the operating system concurrently executes many programs, it is called 28)
A) BIOS instructions. B) multithreading.
C) authentication. D) multitasking.

29) ________ is useful when there isn't enough RAM to store all of the necessary data and instructions 29)
for currently running applications.
A) Virtual memory B) Applications software
C) System software D) RAM

30) On multiuser systems, the ________ is responsible for authentication. 30)

A) large array of utility programs B) user
C) operating system D) compiler

31) When a computer is off, what is in RAM? 31)

A) nothing B) the operating system
C) the BIOS D) the software applications

32) When a computer is turned on, where does it get the first instructions that it loads into RAM? 32)
A) from a CD B) from ROM
C) from the hard disk D) from RAM

33) What handles communication between the CPU and the disk drive(s)? 33)
A) the CPU B) RAM
C) the operating system D) ROM

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34) Utility programs make it easier to complete all of the following EXCEPT: 34)
A) translate files. B) guard against viruses.
C) write a letter. D) repair damaged data files.

35) The program that allows I/O devices to communicate with the computer is known as a(n) 35)
A) utility program. B) operating system.
C) device driver. D) operating device file.

36) ________ is when the operating system is loaded into RAM. 36)
A) Device driving B) Booting C) Multitasking D) Copying

37) ________ is the look and feel of the computing experience from a human point of view. 37)
A) User interface B) Application
C) Device driver D) RAM resident portion

38) GUI refers to 38)

A) graphics utilized internally. B) graphical user interface.
C) graphical user interaction. D) guaranteed user interface.

39) The ________ operating system used a command-line interface. 39)

A) MS-DOS B) Linux C) Mac OS D) Windows

40) All of the following are types of menus found in Windows, EXCEPT: 40)
A) graphical menus. B) context-sensitive menus.
C) hierarchical menus. D) pop-up menus.

41) What is the name of the operating system that is rarely found on personal computers or laptops 41)
but is used in servers and high-end workstations?
A) UNIX B) Windows C) Mac OS D) MS-DOS

42) What is the most recent version of Windows? 42)

A) Windows 7 B) Windows XP C) Windows 2000 D) Windows Vista

43) Windows Phone ________ is a relatively new operating system for mobile phones. 43)
A) 2011 B) XP C) Vista D) 7

44) Putting electronic marks on a disk as tracks and sectors is known as 44)
A) formatting. B) copying. C) defragmenting. D) clustering.

45) A ________ file is a file allocated to noncontiguous clusters. 45)

A) scattered B) blocked C) tracked. D) fragmented.

46) Some programs have features that a user may need to learn how to utilize. One way to learn how 46)
to utilize features in software is
A) service packs. B) tutorials. C) compartments. D) hardware.

47) The program counter keeps track of 47)

A) the next instruction. B) the compiler code.
C) the address of the result. D) the address of the next instruction.

4
48) The three major categories of software defined by your textbook are 48)
A) system software, software applications, and hardware.
B) system software, software applications, and utility programs.
C) system software, software applications, and shareware.
D) compilers and translator programs, software applications, and system software.

49) The instruction execution cycle three-step rhythm is 49)

A) fetch the instruction, increment the program counter, and perform the specified task.
B) fetch the instruction, increment the program counter, and defer the specified task.
C) fetch the instruction, decode the compiler, and defer the specified task.
D) fetch the instruction, decode the compiler, and store the result on the hard drive.

50) ________ enable(s) users to control computers without having to think like programmers. 50)
A) Binary number systems B) Hardware devices
C) Software applications D) CMOS

51) Problems that software users encounter can be solved by using the following EXCEPT: 51)
A) tutorials. B) help files.
C) reference materials. D) lifelines.

52) Software companies will release free ________ when they have a bundled update for a program. 52)
A) new versions B) downgrades C) service packs D) Trojan horses

53) For software to run optimally it must be ________ with hardware. 53)
A) compatible B) multitasking C) shared D) co-authored

54) According to ________ law, it is illegal to produce, distribute, or use technology that circumvents 54)
digital rights management.
A) groggy B) copy protected
C) write enhanced D) copyright

55) Some software CDs and DVDs are ________ with digital rights management (DRM) technology to 55)
ensure that they can't be duplicated with conventional copying techniques.
A) copyright B) groggy
C) copy protected D) write enhanced

56) Software companies use several methods to stop ________ because programming is difficult and 56)
software development is expensive.
A) software piracy B) volume licenses
C) Web applications D) public domain software

57) All of the following types of software can be legally copied and shared freely EXCEPT: 57)
A) open-source software. B) copyrighted software.
C) Download.com D) public domain software.

58) Wikipedia, a collection of Web pages that can be edited by anyone, is an example of a 58)
A) Mac OS application. B) Web application.
C) Microsoft Office application. D) PC application.

5
59) This software is the bridge between your application software and the computer's hardware: 59)
A) virtual reality. B) freeware.
C) virtual memory. D) operating system.

60) This software is responsible for the location of all programs and files in the computer's file system: 60)
A) operating system. B) Web applications.
C) application software. D) virtual memory.

61) Application compatibility is usually defined by these two items: 61)

A) user interface and Internet connection. B) GUI and CMOS.
C) RAM and ROM. D) operating system and hardware.

62) These programs serve as tools for doing system maintenance and repairs that are not handled by 62)
the operating system:
A) user profile setters. B) Control Panel.
C) utility programs. D) Windows Explorer.

63) The ________ driver functions as a behind-the-scenes intermediary whenever the user requests 63)
that a document be printed on a printer.
A) Unix B) printer C) ROM D) device driver

64) This type of menu offers choices based on what object you have selected in a program: 64)
A) iconic. B) context-sensitive menu.
C) GUI. D) command line.

65) If you are having problems with an application because it is frozen, you can use the system's 65)
________ option to get the program to close.
A) disk defragmenter B) power on self test
C) force quit D) profiler

66) All of the following are helpful ways to deal with software problems EXCEPT: 66)
A) install current updates. B) replace the computer.
C) restart the application. D) reboot the system.

67) A(n) ________ program translates all Windows-related instructions into instructions the Mac's 67)
operating system and CPU can understand.
A) Macintosh B) iOS C) emulation D) translation

68) This allows multiple operating systems to exist as one machine: 68)
A) device drivers. B) cross-platform applications.
C) virtualization. D) networked operating systems.

69) Sectors on disk drives are grouped into 69)

A) cones. B) fragments. C) clusters. D) tracks.

70) Windows Explorer is an example of this type of utility: 70)

A) BlackBerry. B) Java.
C) file management. D) defragmentation.

6
 71) The ________ commands are designed to help answer the common computer user's question, 71)
"Where's my stuff?"
A) Save and Save As B) Search and Find
C) Locate and Open D) Open and Save

72) This application allows millions of people to share music, movies, and other files over the Internet: 72)
A) Kazaa. B) ConAgra. C) virtual reality. D) Pandora.

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

73) Java is a platform-neutral programming language that was developed by Sun Microsystems. 73)

74) Three fundamental categories of software are compilers, software applications, and system 74)
software.

75) High-level language falls between natural human language and precise human language. 75)

76) Languages such as C# and C++ are known as low-level languages. 76)

77) Most game machines and smart phones store their operating systems permanently in RAM. 77)

78) The operating system is responsible for authentication and authorization. 78)

79) Restarting a computer is also known as rebooting. 79)

80) You can use a file-management utility to see the location of a file or folder in a storage 80)
device's hierarchy and view its pathname.

81) Cross-platform software can be used on PCs and Macs. 81)

82) Formatting a disk prepares it for storing files. 82)

83) Formatting a disk removes any information stored on a disk. 83)

84) Because the OS and application are in constant communication, control—the location in memory 84)
where the CPU is reading program instructions—stays in the same location.

85) One of the things you can do you if a program freezes or your system crashes is reboot the system. 85)

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

86) The main folder on the C drive, called the ________ directory, contains all the other files 86)
and folders kept on the disk.

87) Legally, the definition of ________ property includes the results of intellectual activities in 87)
the arts, science, and industry.

88) ________ is the best known example of open-source software. 88)

7
 89) Every file and folder has a unique ________, which describes the nesting of folders 89)
containing it.

90) When you discover a problem or mistake within a software program, you have found a(n) 90)
________.

91) The process of the CPU accessing an instruction of a program is known as ________. 91)

92) At the most basic level, a computer processes software instructions in a native ________ 92)
language.

93) ________ refers to the usability of software based on the operating system and the 93)
computer resources.

94) ________ is software that is initially free with eventual payment of a fee if the user chooses 94)
to continue using the software.

95) A program that lets a user copy, move, and rename files is called a file-________ utility. 95)

96) To save a previously saved file to a different location or with a different name, you use the 96)
________ menu option.

97) Specialized software such as medical billing, library cataloging, or auto parts purchasing, 97)
are applications known as vertical-market or ________ applications.

98) System software is a type of software that includes the operating system and ________ 98)
programs.

99) Interaction between the application and the ________ of a computer is handled by the 99)
operating system.

100) ________ ensures that users have permission to perform a particular action on a multiuser 100)
system.

101) The process of printing a term paper while entering data into a spreadsheet while also 101)
downloading clip art from the Internet is known as ________.

102) Virtual memory is broken into same-sized blocks called ________. 102)

103) When the operating system requests an application program to be executed, it is 103)
temporarily stored in memory, also known by the acronym ________.

104) MS-DOS used a command-line ________ that required the user to type commands that 104)
the computer responded to.

105) MS-DOS stands for ________ Disk Operating System. 105)

8
106) The multiuser operating system historically used by academic and government 106)
institutions is ________.

107) The current Macintosh operating system is called ________ OS X. 107)

108) Google ________ OS is a Linux-based OS designed for low-cost PCs, netbooks, and tablet 108)
devices.

109) ________ law protects symbols, pictures, and sounds used by a business to identify goods. 109)

110) ________ memory uses hard drive space when there isn't enough room in memory for 110)
data and idle instructions.

111) ________ software, also known as compiler software, makes programming easier and less 111)
error prone.

112) Microsoft Disk Operating System used a ________-line interface. 112)

113) If a computer is locked up, you can force a ________ by holding down the power button 113)
on your computer for a few seconds.

114) Rebooting a computer in ________ mode may allow a user the chance to diagnose any 114)
software conflicts.

115) ________ is a function that may prevent the loss of information when an application 115)
freezes.

116) Windows ________ is included with the operating system and allows you to see both the 116)
contents of a folder and the location of the folder in the storage device's hierarchy.

117) A(n) ________ protects mechanical inventions. 117)

118) ________ laws protect forms of literature, songs, paintings, and photographs. 118)

119) ________ law has protected trade secrets. 119)

120) ________ reality user interfaces create the illusion that the user is immersed in a world 120)
inside the computer to some degree.

9
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.

Match the term on the left to its corresponding definition on the right.
121) hierarchical menus A) choices depend on the onscreen 121)
object currently selected
122) Mac OS
122)
B) Replaced Windows Vista
123) directory
123)
C) operating system by Apple Inc.
124) context-sensitive menus
124)
D) also known as a folder
125) Windows 7
125)
E) GUI
126) The Mac was the first low-cost
126)
computer that had an operating F) organization into compact submenus
system designed with a graphical
user interface, known as a ____ G) C

127) A Windows PC's primary hard disk

127)
is usually given the letter ________

10
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED43

1) D
2) C
3) D
4) B
5) B
6) D
7) D
8) D
9) D
10) C
11) D
12) B
13) A
14) A
15) D
16) D
17) C
18) B
19) C
20) D
21) B
22) D
23) C
24) A
25) A
26) A
27) D
28) D
29) A
30) C
31) A
32) B
33) C
34) C
35) C
36) B
37) A
38) B
39) A
40) A
41) A
42) A
43) D
44) A
45) D
46) B
47) D
48) D
49) A
50) C
11
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED43

51) D
52) C
53) A
54) D
55) C
56) A
57) B
58) B
59) D
60) A
61) D
62) C
63) B
64) B
65) C
66) B
67) C
68) C
69) C
70) C
71) B
72) A
73) TRUE
74) TRUE
75) TRUE
76) FALSE
77) FALSE
78) TRUE
79) TRUE
80) TRUE
81) TRUE
82) TRUE
83) TRUE
84) FALSE
85) TRUE
86) root
87) intellectual
88) Linux
89) pathname
90) bug
91) fetch or fetching
92) machine
93) Compatibility
94) Shareware
95) management
96) Save As
97) custom
98) utility
99) hardware
100) Authorization
12
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED43

101) multitasking
102) pages
103) RAM
104) interface
105) Microsoft
106) UNIX
107) Mac
108) Chrome
109) Trademark
110) Virtual
111) Translation
112) command
113) reboot or shutdown
114) safe
115) Autosave
116) Explorer
117) patent
118) Copyright
119) Contract
120) Virtual
121) F
122) C
123) D
124) A
125) B
126) E
127) G

13