PRESENTED BY:

SUNLEE PHUKAN
SHANKUMONI KALITA
PUNDARIK KASHYAP SAVAPONDIT
Technique for the evaluation of well
conditions and reservoir characteristics.

Recording of change in Pressure with

respect to the flow rate.
*To evaluate well condition and reservoir
characterization;
*To obtain reservoir parameters for reservoir
description;
*To determine whether all the drilled length of
oil well is also a producing zone;
*To estimate skin factor or drilling- and
completion-related damage to an oil well.
*Incompressible fluids
*Slightly compressible fluids
*Compressible fluids
*Steady-state flow
*Unsteady-state flow
*Pseudo steady-state flow
*Radial flow
*Linear flow
*Spherical and hemispherical flow
In the absence of severe reservoir heterogeneities, flow into or
away from a wellbore will follow radial flow lines from a
substantial distance from the wellbore. Because fluids move
toward the well from all directions and coverage at the
wellbore, the term radial flow is given to characterize the flow
of fluid into the wellbore.
Linear flow occurs when flow paths are parallel and the fluid
flows in a single direction. In addition, the cross sectional area to
flow must be constant. A common application of linear flow
equations is the fluid flow into vertical hydraulic fractures.
Depending upon the type of wellbore completion configuration, it
is possible to have a spherical or hemispherical flow near the
wellbore. A well with a limited perforated interval could result in
spherical flow in the vicinity of the perforations.
A well that only partially penetrates the pay zone could result in
hemispherical flow.
*Provide a means of quickly controlling the pressure
and shutting in the well.
*Separate produced fluids into gas, oil and water
phases, allowing the constituents to be metered,
and record key data such as temperature and
pressure.
*Allow representative samples of the produced
fluids to be taken.
*Dispose of produced fluids in an environmentally
acceptable manner.
*Flowhead
*Choke Manifold
*Heater / Steam Exchanger
*Test Separator
*Surge Tank
*Pumps and Manifolds
*Burners
*Emergency Shut Down Systems
Surface shut-in is usually provided by a flow
control head or flowhead, which functions
as a temporary Christmas tree. The
flowhead comprises four valves, the master
valve, the swab valve, the flow valve and
the kill valve.
* It controls the flow rate. A choke is
simply a restriction to flow.

* It also allows monitoring of flowrates

and pressure drops across the choke
manifold during clean-up.
 It is necessary to separate the oil
from the produced water. Under
certain conditions, the oil and water
emulsify and will not separate unless
chemicals are injected or the
temperature is raised by the use of a
heater.
* To accurately measure flow rate and
take samples, the produced fluid must be
separated into oil, gas and water. For this
purpose Test Separators are use.

* Test separators are capable of handling

all types of output; gas, gas condensate,
light oil, heavy oil, foaming oil, water and
spent stimulation fluids such as acids.
The gas is usually directed via a gas
manifold to the gas flare where it is
burned. The oil is sent to the oil
manifold and either burned through the
oil burner or diverted to a tank. The
tank can later be emptied via a transfer
pump, and the oil directed to the
burner.
Emergency shutdown systems are used to
control the process chain in the event of
an unforeseen hazard.
*In well testing, we provide input and observe the
output.

*Input is the parameter under our control whereas,

output is dependent upon system and input

*In well testing input is a change in flow rate and

output is the pressure response

*Input may be change in production rates or change in

injection rates (if applicable)
Types of Well tests:

* Drawdown test
* Buildup test
* Injection test
* Fall off test
* Drill Stem Test
* Interference test
Drawdown Test
In a drawdown test, we start flowing
a well that is initially shut-in, static
and stable.

The flow rate is supposed to be

constant.
Drawdown Test
Suitable for reservoir Difficult to flow a well
limits. at a constant rate.
Traditional analysis Well conditions may
methods are not be static or stable.
developed for
drawdown tests.
Buildup Test

In a buildup test, a well that is

flowing (ideally at a constant rate)
is shut in and downhole pressure
measured as the pressure builds
up.
Buildup Test
Constant flow rate Difficult to achieve
condition is easily constant rate
achieved as the flow production prior to
rate is zero. shut in.
Only slight Production loss while
modification of the well is shut in.
analysis techniques
used for drawdown
analysis is required
Injection Test

Similar to drawdown test

except that the flow is into
the well rather than out of it.
Injection rates Complicated
are easier to analysis if
control than multiphase
the production effects are
rates. observed
Fall off test

Similar to buildup test except

that injection is stopped
rather than production. In fall
off test we observe pressure
decline.
Injection rates Multiphase
are easier to effects make
control. analysis difficult
Production loss is
small as
compared to
buildup test
Interference Test
In an interference test, one well is
produced (or shut in) and the
pressure response is measured at
another well (or wells). Interference
tests helps to characterize the
reservoir over a larger scale than
the single well test. Interference test
is possible with any type of
pressure disturbance (drawdown,
buildup, injection, fall off)
Drill Stem Test

This test is carried over a newly

drilled well. We temporarily
complete the well and produce it
for a small period of time. Then
we shut in. Again we start producing
but this second flow period is
longer. Then we shut in the well
again.