AGRICULTURE: BRANCHES AND OCCUPATIONS
COMUNICACIÓN EMPRESARIAL
2 1. BRANCHES OF
(SECOND WEEK)
AGRICULTURE
The main branches of agriculture are:
 Crop science
 Soil science
 Animal science
 Agricultural engineering
 Agricultural economics
 Agricultural Education
Crop science
Crop science deals with the production
of plants which are of economic
importance to human beings. It
includes:
 crop protection, whereby the
farmer protects his crops against
pests and diseases to ensure high
yields and good quality.
 crop improvement, which deals
with the selection and breeding of
new plant varieties.
Soil science
Soil science emphasizes the need for
maintaining a high level of fertility in
the soil. It involves the study of:
 soil formation
 soil characteristics
 soil management.
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Animal science
Animal science involves the study of
producing livestock. Some important
aspects are:
 selection of animals
 livestock management
 control of pests and diseases
 breeding of animals.
Agricultural engineering
Agricultural engineering involves the
following:
 designing and constructing farm
machines and farm buildings
 laying out drainage and
irrigation systems
 maintaining farm machines and
equipment.
Agricultural economics
Agricultural economics deals with the
science of managing farm resources
such as land, labor and capital, to
achieve a desired level of production
in agriculture. Important aspects of
this branch are:
 farm management
 marketing of farm produce
 farm record keeping.
Agricultural education
Agricultural education includes
training for farm occupations as well
as for non-farming occupations. It
involves:
  training and education of
children in schools
 training of farmers by
extension workers
 training and education of
specialists in various fields of
agriculture.
2. OCCUPATIONS IN
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
The classification includes all
occupations involved in production of
food and fiber, plants and animals,
either on a self- employed basis or as
an employee, usually on a farm.
The farmer
The farmer is engaged in the
production of crops and livestock. He
also prepares his produce for the
market. A farmer must have interest
in his work so as to ensure maximum
yields. Training in agriculture can be
of help to the farmers.
The group of farmers include those
involved in the following farm
operations:
 Animal husbandman
 Animal producers
 Fruit growers
 Grain producers
 General farmers
 Poultry producers
 Poultry farm managers
 Truck farmers
 Part-time farmers
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 Speciality farmers
 On farm employees
 Farm laborers
3. OCCUPATIONS IN
AGRICULTURE BUSINESS,
INDUSTRY AND SERVICES.
The classification includes all
occupations involved in buying
agricultural produce, truckers of some
farm commodities and most workers
engaged in processing, packaging and
selling farm products. Included in this
group will be workers who perform
services for farmers, sells to them or
the public in activities where he needs
agricultural training or experience.
This grouping includes:
 Processing and distributing of
crops
 Distributions to farmers
 Farm and agricultural services
 Agricultural technicians
a) Exercises:
Make a summary of each topic.
b) Questionnaire
 What are the branches of
agriculture?
 What did you understand about
occupations in agriculture
production and agriculture
business, industry and services?