Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Introduction
• In today’s IT driven business era, Managers must
understand the working of software, which is the
driving force of IT.
• Understanding software programming helps the
managers to develop problem solving skills using
computers, to know what software development
is and what software developer do.
• It helps Managers to be familiar with
programming concepts and terminology to
facilitate communication with software
developers.
Program Development Life Cycle
• Problem Definition
• Requirement Analysis
• Designing a program model
• Determining correctness of the program
• Coding the Program
• Testing and debugging the program
• Documenting the program
Problem Definition
• Generally the problems in real life are not precise
and sometimes may be ambiguous.
• To obtain solutions for such problems we need to
define problem specifically. The problem must be
clearly understood as to what must be done
rather than how to do it.
• The problem definition should be in user’s
language and should be described from the user’s
point of view. It should not be stated in technical/
computer terms.
Requirement Analysis
• An explicit set of requirements is important as they
help to ensure that the user and not the programmer
drives the program’s functionality.
• Only if the requirements are explicit the user can
review them and agree to them, which reduces the
burden on programmer to guess what the user wants.
• Specifying requirements adequately is a key to the
program’s success.
• Essentially, we must look at three main components
1.What is given as input
2.What is expected as output
3.How to arrive at the solution
Example
A program is required to retrieve motor
vehicle registration records from a file upon
receipt of a request from an operator at a
terminal. The operator will supply a vehicle
registration number and the program will
display the details of its vehicle and its owner.
An error message will be displayed if the
program is unable to locate the vehicle’s
record.
Example…
• Input :-Vehicle Registration number
• Process :-Using the registration number, search
for it , and if found, retrieve the details of the
vehicle and it’s owner’s name from the disk.
• Output :- If retrieval was successful, then allow
the details of the vehicle to be displayed on the
screen but if unsuccessful, indicate the absence
of the vehicle registration on the disk and display
a suitable error message
.
Designing a program model
An algorithm is a formula, a recipe, a step by
step procedure to be followed in order to
obtain the solution to a problem. To be useful
as a basis for writing a program, the algorithm
must:
– Arrive at a correct solution within a finite time
– Be clear, precise, unambiguous and
– Be in a format which lends itself to an elegant
implementation in a programming language
Designing a program model