Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
90 minutes
LISTENING
Questions 1-10
Complete the form below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Example Answer
Name
….Cirilla Fionna….
4 - a lot of 5 $40
………COMPUTER………… ……KEYBROAD……………
are missing
Questions 1 – 5
DÉJÀ VU TELEVISION
Stories have been reinvented for centuries. Shake Speare reworked Chaucer's poem "Troilus
and Criseyde" into a play. "The Lion King" bears a noticeable trace of "Hamlet". In "Wide
Sargasso Sea" (1966), Jean Rhys unraveled the history of Antoinette Cosway, Mr.
Rochester's spurned wife in "Jane Eyre". These works provoke us into analyzing the original
story: what was left out, and why? Why do its themes endure?
Television networks, too, are increasingly finding new content in old stories: 2017 will see the
premiere of shows drawing on "Romeo and Juliet", "The Wizard of Oz", 'Anne of Green
Gables", "Rapunzel", "Watership Down", the DC Comics Universe and "Star Trek", to name
but a few. Each production hopes to offer a new perspective on the existing story. NBC'S
"Emerald City" promises to remind viewers that "there's no place like Oz". "Still Star -Crossed",
on ABC, begins with Montagues and Capulets sparring once again "in the wake of the young
lovers' tragic fate". "Taken", another NBC show, is a prequel series to the films that starred
Liam Neeson; it will explore how Bryan Mills learned his "very particular, and very dangerous,
set of skills".
In many cases, this is a shrewd move. "Powerless", also on NBC, offers a window into the
lives of insurance brokers in the world of superheroes, poking fun at the genre and appealing
to those left cold by the numerous spandex-heavy spin-offs on the silver screen. Netflix has
been astute in taking up Lemony Snicket's "A Series of unfortunate Events". Fans of the books
who felt let down by the 2004 film adaptation are excited: whereas the film crammed three
books into 107 minutes, each book will receive two hour-long tv episodes. This will give scope
for greater characterization, scene–setting and attention to detail. Neil Patrick Harris, who
stars as the villainous Count Olaf, says the extra running time allows a "much darker take on
the material".
If there are no new voices or perspectives to add, networks should refrain from adapting old
material. Not only does it disappoint audiences (Fox's "Lethal Weapon", which aired in
September 2016, is described by Rotten Tomatoes, an online review aggregator, as having a
"tired narrative"), it also produces safe bets rather than innovative, unusual screenwriting. It
would be a shame if the next “Breaking Bad" lost out to a reboot of "Buffy the Vampire Slayer".
Complete the below summary of the passage. Choose ONE OR TWO WORDS from the
reading passage for each answer.
SUMMARY
For hundreds of years, famous playwrights and writers have been borrowing ideas from
other materials that had existed before their time to 1…original………… stories. Such an
The year 2017 will witness a rising trend in the comeback of classical movies and TV
series on screen in a new modern form with a hope to bring a more in-depth 2
critics constantly express their concern that this is just a form of 3 …………… among
networks should put a pause in using 4 …………… without any new perspective.
dissatisfaction and a culture that embraces boring safety in screenwriting which should
A simple calculation lies at the heart of a lot of mainstream weight loss advice. If calories out
exceed calories in, you will lose weight. It is why both exercise and diet are said to be key to
staying trim, and why many of us feel we can make amends for overindulging by joining the gym
or dusting off our running shoes. It now turns out something weirder is going on. Working out a
lot doesn’t appear to burn more calories than doing a little. In fact, going mad in the gym doesn’t
seem to burn any more calories than moderate activity a few days a week and taking the stairs,
for instance.
Some of the biggest clues that something was up with the exercise and weight loss equation lie
far from the gym, on the plains of Tanzania. Here, the Hadza people live as we all once did, as
hunter-gatherers. The men walk about 10 kilometres each day, stalking game with bows and
arrows, while women spend hours on the move, digging for wild tubers and picking berries. A few
years ago, Herman Pontzer, an evolutionary anthropologist at Hunter College in New York, and
his colleagues headed to Tanzania to study the Hadza and their metabolism. Pontzer wasn’t
expecting to reveal any big mysteries around exercise. “It started off that we wanted to just ask a
basic question: ‘How many calories do you need to burn to live as a hunter-gatherer?'” he says.
To the team’s amazement, the Hadza got through only slightly more than Westerners who drive
to a job to sit all day, with the men using up about 2600 calories and the women 1900. “I couldn’t
believe it,” says Pontzer.
The findings caused a stir. They called into question the widely accepted idea that sedentary
lifestyles in many societies are responsible for the obesity epidemic. Instead, Pontzer and his
team began to wonder whether our daily energy expenditure could have evolved to be fixed at
these levels, regardless of whether we sit at a desk all day or search the plains looking for our
next meal.
To back up the idea, what’s needed is to study other ways of living too, including populations with
Western lifestyles. That’s where Lara Dugas of Loyola University Chicago comes into the story.
Her team kitted out nearly 2000 people from the US, Ghana, Jamaica, South Africa and the
Seychelles with activity monitors for eight days to gauge their basic pattern of physical activity.
She then tracked their weight over several years. The upshot? Activity levels didn’t predict weight
two years later. In fact, those who met the US guideline of 150 minutes of moderate-intensity
exercise per week, according to the monitor data, tended to have put on more weight than those
that did less. A paradox indeed.
In 2016, Pontzer and Dugas joined forces. They looked in more detail at over 300 of the people in
Dugas’s original study. It turned out that those who were moderately active used up about 200
more calories per day than sedentary people, but after that, calorie burning plateaued. Those
who exercised every day didn’t burn any more than those who worked out a few times a week.
“Only at the very, very low end did we see anything like a trend of lower activity being paired with
lower energy expenditure,” says Pontzer.
This view tallies with calculations of how much people exercise when viewed over longer time
spans, says Glenn Gaesser at Arizona State University. “If you add up the amount of calories
individuals would expend doing 150 minutes of exercise a week, times 52 weeks of the year, you
come up into the literally tens of thousands of calories that are expended.” And yet exercisers
only weigh around 2 kilograms less on average, he says. As the evidence piles up, says Pontzer,
the idea that activity dictates how many calories you burn looks “pretty naive”.
It seems time to put the calories in, calories out equation to rest. But how can it be that people do
more exercise without seeming to expend extra energy? The assumption has been that they eat
more to make up for it, whether because they are hungrier or feel like they have earned it. “You
can consume a doughnut in less than a minute,” says Gaesser. “But that minute of consuming
the doughnut might take an hour or more of walking to match in terms of calories.” It also doesn’t
help that people grossly overestimate their energy use during exercise. In one study, people were
assigned a treadmill workout and then told to estimate how many calories they burned and eat an
equivalent amount from a buffet. They guessed they used up 800 calories and ate about 550. In
reality, they had burned just 200. That might help explain why Dugas found that those meeting
US exercise guidelines tended to have put on more weight. But it wouldn’t explain why the
Hadza’s prolific activity doesn’t add up to much more energy consumption over the course of a
day than a sedentary lifestyle.
So another suggestion for this exercise paradox is that our bodies compensate for a hard workout
by moving less the rest of the day. Some clues have come from mice. When given running
wheels to prompt exercise, they were found to move around less than usual in between bouts of
activity. The number of calories saved from moving less the rest of the day almost exactly
negated the calories burned from running. It seems people make similar sorts of adjustments
when they embark on a new exercise regime, even if they don’t realise it.
Rather than think of people as active or sedentary, an increasing number of us are both active,
playing sports or working out regularly, and sedentary, spending the rest of the day sitting, says
James Betts, who studies nutrition and exercise at the University of Bath, UK. So it is a mistake
to just count the calories burned on a treadmill and not consider the rest of the day, he says. “All
these other parts of exercise, just moving around more, can be the biggest component of energy
expenditure and can dictate which person might be lean and which person might be obese,” he
says.
Ultimately, it is hard to avoid the conclusion that diet offers greater potential than exercise to get
the calorie equation working more in your favour. But exercise does still have a place in the
weight-loss journey: once you lose weight, it can help prevent the common problem of putting it
back on. And there are plenty of other excellent reasons to exercise. “The Hadza are about three
times more physically active than any Western population,” says Pontzer. “And, not a shocker,
they also have excellent heart health, they never get diabetes, they’re not overweight. They age
extraordinarily well.” Being active improves overall health, mobility and brain function, and
reduces the risk for many chronic conditions including Alzheimer’s disease. “Exercise has health-
promoting actions that far exceed its role of regulating weight,” says Gaesser, “so don’t be
disappointed if you don’t lose a lot of weight.”
Look at the following research findings and the list of researchers below.
6 - The amount of energy expended from doing exercise is not equally matched with the amount
of calories gained from food.
7 - The purpose of exercise is far more significant than to help a person lose weight.
8 - In the long term, people who follow a rigorous weekly exercise regime show no
correspondingly marked results in weight loss.
9 - Energy expenditure from a person’s daily activities, besides regular workouts, can largely
determine their body weight.
10 - The idea that more exercise corresponds to higher energy expenditure is not empirically
proven.
11 - Some evidence suggests that people underestimate the complexity of what causes obesity.
A. Herman Pontzer
B. Glenn Gaesser
C. James Betts
Complete the notes below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORD from the passage for each answer.
Numerous studies are indicative of the more considerable 17 ………………. of proper dietary
regimes compared to that of exercise. That said, regular exercise holds remarkable health-related
merits, not limited to 18………………., as can be seen in the lifestyle of the Hadza, who are much
more 19………………. active than Westerners are. Exercise can not only better a person’s
overall health, mobility and brain function but ward off many 20……………..… as well.
VOCABULARY TEST
Match the right word with each meaning. If you DO NOT know the meaning of a word, DO NOT TRY
TO GUESS.
Nối từ phù hợp với từng định nghĩa. CHỈ LÀM NHỮNG TỪ MÀ BẠN NGHĨ MÌNH HIỂU NGHĨA.
KHÔNG ĐƯỢC KHOANH BỪA ĐÁP ÁN.
1 6
a. benefit a. achieve
b. labour __b___ work b. conceive _____ form an idea
c. percent _c____ part of 100 c. grant _d____ connect together
d. principle _____ general idea used to d. link ___a__ finish successfully
e. source guide one's actions e. modify
f. survey f. offset
2 7
a. element __b___ money for a special a. convert
b. fund purpose b. design __d___ make something possible
c. layer ___f__ skilled way of doing c. exclude _f____ stay alive
d. philosophy something d. facilitate _b____ change from one thing
e. proportion _d____ study of the meaning e. indicate into another
f. technique of life f. survive
3 8
a. consent a. anticipate
b. enforcement _____ total b. compile __c___ control something skilfully
c. investigation _____ agreement or permission c. convince _____ expect something will
d. parameter _____ trying to find information d. denote happen
e. sum about something e. manipulate _____ to be a sign of something
f. trend f. publish
4 9
a. decade a. equivalent
b. fee _a____ 10 years b. financial ___f__ most important
c. file _f____ subject of a discussion c. forthcoming _____ equal in meaning, importance,
d. incidence _b____ money paid for services amount etc.
e. perspective d. primary _b____ concerning money
f. topic e. random
5 f. visual
a. colleague 10
b. erosion _____ action against the law a. alternative
c. format _____ wearing away gradually b. ambiguous _____ last or most important
d. inclination _____ shape or size of something c. empirical _____ not clear in meaning
e. panel d. ethnic
f. violation e. mutual _____ shared by two or more people
f. ultimate
WRITING
Exercise 1:
There are a number of advantages of living in a big city.i can get more job opportunities for
me in big city.Biside,i can get easy acces to all kind of information.Another reason is the
culture life here attract me a lot:the entertainment and English corners to learn English ...............
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Exercise 2:
Many people think that libraries are no longer necessary because we can read books
from the Internet.
Answer
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