5.1 Newton’s laws of Motion. Work sheet 1. QI. A large car of mass 1600 kg starts from rest on a horizontal road with a forward thrust of $400 N due east. The sum of the forces resisting the motion of the car is 600 N. " (@) Determine the acceleration of the car. éeo (Ss Wepre — eo EF -5400~ 600 are me 400 east a=*H2 2|3.0 ms? east () The same car is used to tow a 400 kg trailer with the same forward thrust as before, The sum of the forces resisting the motion of the trailer is 200 N. 5400 aa Res —_— _ or (i) Determine the acceleration of the system of the car and the trailer °° ©“ cow AF: co~- 200-600 AFe ma * + 460053 east a+ Gitta + [2.8 mat cast | (Gi) What is the magnitude of the force exerted by the trailer on the car? oe _ (AFema Fy car ontiaier = 920 +200 5 | Fhytraiteromcar Teailer » 400% 2.3 = W20N east 2 \20N = AZON east x 0ON Q2. A downhill snow skier of mass 70 kg is moving down a slope inclined at 15° to the horizontal with a constant velocity. is Determine: (@) the normal reaction force cos(is) = my Fr Foxa.gxces(s) = 663 2/G60N pecendialar (b) the sum of the resistance forces acting on the skier. to the surface Resistance = 1g component down slope as AF=0 (constant sped) sintis)s > Far Foraersinls) & Fa 198 2 | 1800 up the store (HERS Sean S| Q3. A 1500 kg car is resting on a slope inclined at 20° to the horizontal. It has been left out of gear, so the only reason that it doesn’troll down the hill is that the handbrake is on. (a) Draw a labelled diagram showing the forces acting on the car. (b) Calculate the magnitude of the normal reaction force. ex (as) = 5S, Fue 500% 4.6 x coo(20) 2 13813 & [410%] (©) What is the net force acting on the car? Car is vesting, so +0 and a= . [ae-ol (d) What is the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the car? ee ental © ‘3 Fj + 100« 4-8* sin(ac) = 5028n * [sorw'y]Q4. An experienced downhill skier with a mass of 60 kg (including skis) moves in a straight line down a slope inclined at 30° to the horizontal with a constant speed of 15 m s~1 (a) What is the direction of the net force acting on the skier? Constant speed means | AF= Ov ~ ' o (b) What is the magnitude of the sum of the air resistance and fri sin (36) = ea I forces opposing the skier’s motion? Fhisn # 60*4.8xsn(3c) - 2440 8 | 300N QS. When a stationary car is hit from behind by another vehicle at moderate speed, headrests behind the occupants reduce the likelihood of injury. Explain in terms of Newton's laws how they do this, The car_wil accelerate Rrwaeds and the seats will push onthe passages. fo Accelerate them fusaids too. if there were no headrests , the Passengers heads would have ne support and would St Pulled Teruneds hy the spine, causing nek damage Q6. A waterskier of mass 70 kg is towed in a northerly direction by a speedboat with a mass of 350 kg. The frictional forces opposing the forward motion of the waterskier total 240 N. stationary until (a) Ifthe waterskier has an acceleration of 2.0 ms due north, what is the tension in the rope towing the waterskier? BE * Freres ~ Ffnction = AF ama. * x 7 2 70x 2.0 HO = Treasicn = 240 pes = dow ee gee 4 noe Sco Henson = SBON north se (b) If the frictional forces opposing the forward motion of the speedboat total 600 N, what is the thrust force applied to the boat due to the action of the motor? BF beat 2 A BLT = Faneunt ~ Fermin ~ Tfiiction ee Fist # 7004380 +600 = Foon Q7. A cyclist is towing a small trailer along a level bike track (Figure 1). The cyclist and bike have a mass of 90 kg, and the trailer has a mass of 40 kg. There are opposing constant forces of 190 N on the rider and bike, and 70.N on the trailer. These opposing forces do not depend on the speed of the bike, backwards Powacas, i decease‘The bike and trailer are initially travelling at a constant speed of 6.0 ms 4), What driving force is being exerted on the road by the rear tyre of the bicycle? constant Speed so AF- ON dlrwing Porte equals oppesing Ries so Taiwig = 140 +70 =\260N forwacds ‘b). What is the tension, T, in the bar connecting the bike to the trailer? AF0 = [T= FON founds a et Fon The cyclist stops pedalling, and the bike and trailer slow down. c). How far will the bike and trailer travel before they come to rest? AF= 140470 uso we utd Zax > 260 bacwads = S4ar(20)= BF = oma a20 yy: 40x > |x = 4.0m a ?BYiyg 2 -2.0m5" es? Q8. A power boat of mass 1500 kg accelerates from rest. As it accelerates, the total resistive forces acting on the boat (due to drag from the water and air resistance) increase according to the graph shown in Figure 2. 4 total esse treo clefela 1 + Bags ge i" i tfe[> [els eo © f0 0 am ay om 6m mo om sw 1000 vO stance ever) Figure2 Afier travelling 500 m, the boat is moving at a constant velocity. The boat engine exerts a constant driving force throughout the motfon. a). Calculate the magnitude of the net force acting on the boat when it has travelled 100 m. After 500m, ZF=O so Arivingforce = 10000N thicughout Ak 10m, Fanning = (0000u Freisiwe ? FOOOW 1b). Calculate the speed of the boat after it has travelled 500 m, Area under ane graph is work done > 19.5 aq x 00x 2000 = 3.9 10% pam Yo overcome resistance, 2 34K 108 5 Total work dene = 10Q00n x Sc0m - S-0% 10% nm = S010 J stat we “ S.0x108- 3.q Ko = JI xo 5 ohm? & € a‘The power boat is now used to tow a water-skier along a river. The skier is directly behind the boat and the boat travels in a straight line at a constant speed of 90 km h-! seat 8 = 9008 : gs forwards bbacknwords Per Q9. The total mass of the skier and his ski is 85 kg. The tension in the ski rope is 2500 N and the total resistive force acting against the boat is 9000 N. Calculate the total resistive force acting on the water ski. Skier is at constant peed , © AFO Fi Fonciarty bat = 26000 Pinole co Frese = 2600N bedkwods = \2 6 X10 backwoods The following information relates to Questions 10 t0 12. Brice pushes two blocks, BI and B2, with a force of 45 N. As a result, the two blocks move together along a floor to the right, as shown in Figure 4. The blocks have a mass of 16 kg and 8 kg, respectively, and they encounter constant friction force of 7 N and 3 N, respectively. force applied motion Figure 4 Q10. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of block B1? Zpema AF: 45-7-3 = 35n a QI1. What is the magnitude of the force exerted by B1 on B2? Show your working 2 oo ter * ee \ Ff ona? 1243 2Qx15 +a ery (Q12. What isthe force magnitude of the force exerted by B2 on BI? Show your working. Fob erent = - FefpenBs 2\16n