Series and Parallel Resonance

Series Resonant circuit

L C

4.7mH fr = ? VC = ?
0.001µF
XC = ? VL = ?
R
XL = ? Q=?
47Ω
Vin
IT = ? ∆f = ?
1V (p-p)
Θ=?
 Find fr
1 1
• fr = = =
2𝜋 𝐿𝐶 6.28 4.7×10−3 0.001×10−6
1 1
= = 73.412kHz
6.28 4.7×10−12 1.362×10−5
 Find reactances
• XL = 2πfL = (6.28)(73.142X103)(4.7X10-6) =
2.168kΩ
1 1
• XC = = =
2𝜋𝑓𝐶 6.28 73.142×103 0.001×10−6
1
−4 = 2.168kΩ
4.613×10

Since XC and XL are equal, along with being 180° out

of phase, the net reactance is zero which makes the
total impedance equal to the resistor ∴ ZT = R
 Find total current and voltages
𝑉𝑖𝑛 𝑉𝑖𝑛 0.3535
• IT = = = = 7.521mA
𝑍𝑇 𝑅 47
Since this is a series circuit, the current found for
the total will also be the current flowing through
the reactive components.
• VC = (XC)(IT) = (2.168kΩ)(7.521mA) = 16.306V
• VL = (XL)(IT) = (2.168kΩ)(7.521mA) = 16.306V
As you can see, the resonant circuit appears to
amplify the voltages.
 Find the Q of the circuit
𝑋𝐿
• Q=  Since there is no value given for a
𝑟𝑠
resistance of the coil, we have to use the only
resistance in the circuit to find this value
𝑋𝐿 2.168𝑘𝛺
∴Q= = = 46.128
𝑅 47𝛺
 Solve for Bandwidth and Cutoff
frequencies
𝑓𝑟 73.142𝑘𝐻𝑧
• ∆𝑓 = 𝑓2 − 𝑓1 = = = 1.592kHz
𝑄 46.128
This means the frequency will vary ±796Hz
∆𝑓
. The entire range is also known as
2
Bandwidth.
∆𝑓
• f2 = fr + = 73.412kHz + 796Hz = 74.208kHz
2
∆𝑓
• f1 = fr - = 73.412kHz - 796Hz = 72.616kHz
2
• θ = 0° since XL and XC are canceling, which means
at resonance the circuit is purely resistive.
 Parallel Resonant circuit

fr = ? IL = ?

XL = ? Q=?
L
100µH
C XC = ? Zeq = ?
162.11pF
VA IC = ? IT = ?
10v(p-p) 50% rs
7.85Ω ∆f = ?
 Solve for fr
1 1
• fr = = =
2𝜋 𝐿𝐶 6.28 100×10−6 162.11×10−12
1 1
= = 1.25MHz
6.28 1.621×10−14 799×10−9
 Find the reactances
• XL = 2πfL = (6.28)(1.25X106)(100X10-6) =
785.394Ω
1 1
• XC = = =
2𝜋𝑓𝐶 6.28 1.25×106 162.11×10−12
1
−3 = 785.417Ω
1.273×10

Since this is a parallel circuit, we presume the

applied voltage will be across each reactive
component.
 Find branch currents and the
equivalent impedance
𝑉𝐴 10
• IC = = = 12.732mA
𝑋𝑐 785.417
𝑉𝐴 10
• IL = = = 12.732mA
𝑋𝐿 785.398
𝑋𝐿 785.398
• Q= = = 100.051 ≅ 100
𝑟𝑠 7.85
• Zeq = QXL = (100.051)(785.398) = 78.58kΩ 
Since this is the only way we are going to get
the total impedance, we now need to use it to
find the total current.
 Find total current
𝑉𝐴 10
• IT = = = 127.259µA
𝑍𝑒𝑞 78.58𝑘𝛺
Again, we can see the magnification of the
current due to resonance.
 Solve for Bandwidth and Cutoff
frequencies
𝑓𝑟 1.25𝑀𝐻𝑧
• ∆𝑓 = 𝑓2 − 𝑓1 = = = 12.494kHz
𝑄 100.051
This means the frequency will vary
∆𝑓
±6.247kHz
2
∆𝑓
• f2 = fr + = 1.25MHz + 6.247kHz = 1.256MHz
2
∆𝑓
• f1 = fr - = 1.25MKz – 6.247kHz = 1.243MHz
2