English Book For Posgraduate Students 2 Unit

English Book for Postgraduate Studies
POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 22

Module 2: Describe now and daily actions.

2.1 Places to buy food and drinks.
1. Listen and repeat.
 fast food restaurant  grocery store

 café  supermarket
 takeout restaurant  delicatesen
 restaurant  bakery
 butcher shop  fish market
 pastry store  ice-cream parlor
2. In which of these stores can you eat/ drink/order/buy…

a. a burger? ______________ i. ice cream? ______________
b. coke? ______________ j. chicken? ______________
c. tomatoes? ______________ k. ham? ______________
d. bananas? ______________ l. eggs? ______________
e. tea? ______________ m. candy? ______________
f. lemonade? ______________ n. rice? ______________
g. bread? ______________ o. meat? ______________
h. celery? ______________ p. popcorn? ______________
3. Look at the map and find the store.

a. It’s on the corner of Main Road and Lincoln Street. It’s the music store.
b. It’s next to the mall. _________________________
c. It’s between the grocery store and the pizzeria. _________________________
d. It’s on the left of the fast food restaurant. _________________________
e. It’s in front of the jewelry store. _________________________
Prepositions of place
We use prepositions of place to describe where things are.
There are four files on the desk.
There’s a printer under my chair.

4. Label the pictures with the words in the box. on – next to – in – opposite – behind – under –
on the left – between – near – in front of – at –
on the right - over
1 2
3
4
1. _____ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. ______

5 7 8
6
5. ________ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. ______
9 11 12 13
10
9. _____ 10. _______ 11. _______ 12. _____ 13. ____
5. Look at the picture and complete the sentences with the correct preposition of
place (in, next to, behind, on, between, in front of).

1. There are four people _______________the open green car.

2. The grocer's is _______________the "7 til' late" shop.
3. Saint Mary's school is_______________ the shops.
4. The woman is waiting with her bags_____________ the block of flats.
5. The little children are walking_______________ the two teachers.
6. There are four children _______________the school bus.
7. There is a shower_______________ the top floor of the building.
6. Look at the picture of the living room. Then ask and answer, as in the example.
 vase/table  sofa/armchair  coffee table/fireplace

 fireplace/lamps  painting/window  carpet/floor
 sofa/window  blue lamp/fireplace  window / sofa
 coffee table/carpet  yellow lamp/sofa
S1: Where’s the vase?
S2: It’s on the table. Where’s the fireplace?
S1: It’s opposite the table. Where’s …?
S2: …………………..
7. Look at the pictures and complete the sentences.

1. The cat is _________ the table. 7. The switch is ________ the window.
2. There is a big tree ______ the house. 8. The cupboard is _________ the sink.
3. The plane is flying _____ the clouds. 9. There are some shoes _____ the bed.
4. She is standing _________ the piano. 10. The plant is _________ the piano.
5. The cinema is _________ the right. 11. Paul is sitting _________ Fiona.
6. She’s sitting _________ the phone. 12. In Britain people drive _____ the left.
2.2 A place to work.
1. Label the offices with the words in the box.

modern open-plan shared traditional
1. __________________ 3 __________________
2 __________________ 4 __________________
8. Read the article and choose the sentence a, b, c that best describes the main point.
a. All employees have tidy desks.
b. A tidy desk isn’t always important.
c. We don’t like desks.
9. Read the article and answer the questions.

1. What things made from paper does the writer have on his desk?
_______________________________________________________________

2. What is next to the keyboard?

_______________________________________________________________
3. Where do workers usually put their documents?
_______________________________________________________________
4. How much time do people with untidy desks spend looking for things each day?
_______________________________________________________________
5. How many types of worker does the article mention?
_______________________________________________________________
6. What are the disadvantages of being a “filer”?
_______________________________________________________________
7. What are the advantages of being a “piler”
_______________________________________________________________
8. What should you do next time you tidy your desk?
_______________________________________________________________
The paperless office
Leave my desk alone. It works
Experts say that a person who 5
Now let’s look at “pilers”. They
works at an untidy desk is not often have an untidy desk, but
organized and spends about they aren’t always disorganized.
one-and-a half hours a day Some experts say that a busy desk
looking for things. An helps “pilers” to think about
organized worker always has current projects and makes it easy
a tidy workspace. find documents.
3 6
But is that true? Research So next time you tidy your desk,
shows that there are two types stop and think. Perhaps an untidy
of workers. The first type is desk makes it easier to find
1
I’m writing this article at my the “filer”. They receive a things.
desk. It isn’t a tidy desk – there document and immediately file
are lots of things on it (books, it. The second type is the
brochures, files, notepads and “piler”. They have piles of
newspapers). There are six pens paper on their desk. Who do you
and some documents next to the think can find things quickly?
keyboard and there’s a printer The answer may surprise you.
4
under my chair. It isn’t a problem, Worker who file everything
and there are a lot of desks like have a tidy desk, but they file
mine in The Economist’s offices. too much. There are two main
2
But in many companies it’s very problems with this. First, the
important to have a tidy office. files and filing cabinets take a
Some companies say that workers lot of space in the office. And
can’t leave documents or paper on second, there are so many files
their desk at the end of the day. that it takes time to remember
Employees put all the documents where a particular document is.
into filing cabinets or drawers.
10. Which kind of worker are you – a “filer” or a “piler”? Why? Do you tidy
things on your desk in the same way?

2. Label the pictures with the words in the box.
file keyboard shredder bookcase printer chair stapler

envelope mouse cupboard paperclip sofa
1. __________________ 2. ___________________ 3. _______________ 4._________________

___
5.____________________ 6.____________________ 7. ___________________ 8. ______________

_______ _______
9. ___________________ 10. ____________________ 11. _____________________ 12. _____________

_____
11. Listen to three people describing their offices. Which speaker (1, 2 or 3) talks
about this office?

12. Complete the text with prepositions. Listen again and check.
1. There is a PC and a telephone 1. ______________ the desk. The printer is 2.
______________ the desk. There’s a bookcase 3. ______________ the filing
cabinet.
2. My desk is 4. ______________ the door. The monitor is 5. ______________ the
printer. All my files are 6. ______________ the cupboard. It’s 7. ______________
the photocopier and the bookcase.
3. I sit 8. ______________my sofa with a laptop. The sofa is 9. ______________the
door. There’s a bookcase 10. ______________ the sofa. There are two filing cabinets
11. ______________ the bookcase.
There is / There are

We often use There is or There are when we describe what is in a place.
There is (There’s) a file next to the PC. There are six books on the desk
There is not (There isn’t) a file next to There are not (there aren’t) six books on
the PC. the desk.
13. Choose There is or There are to complete the sentences.

1. There is / There are some sticky notes on the table.
2. There is / There are a calendar on the wall.
3. There is / There are two posters in my room.
4. There is / There are a highlighter pen in this basket.
5. There is / There are six chairs in the kitchen.
6. There is / There are lots of staple removers in the shelf.
7. There is / There are a tray on our desk.
8. There is / There are 12 cushions on the sofa.
9. There is / There are a rubber stamp near my sister's pen.
10. There is / There are scissors in the shelf.
14. Write there is / there isn’t / is there or there are / there aren’t / are there.
1. Kentham isn’t an old town. ______________ any old buildings.
2. Look! ______________ a photograph of your brother in the newspaper?
3. “Excuse me ______________ a bank near here?” “Yes, at the end of the street.”
4. ______________ five people in my family: my parents, my two sisters and me.
5. “How many students ______________ in the class?” “Twenty”
6. The road is usually very quiet. ______________ much traffic.

7. “______________ a bus from the city centre to the airport?” “Yes, every 20
minutes.”
8. “______________ any problems?” “No, everything is OK.”
15. Complete the brochure on the right with There’s or There are.
A Quick Guide to Five English Towns
Brighton Brighton is only one hour from London.

Brighto
n 1__________a beach near the center of
town, and 2__________small stores and
coffee shops in Brighton.
Canterbury 3__________a great shopping in

Canterbury, and 4__________a beautiful
river: the River Stour.
Nottingham 5___________good restaurants in

Nottingham, and 6_____________great
tourist attractions near the center of town.
York
York is very old, and 7____________
600-year-old streets in the town.
8_________ also beautiful buildings.
2.3 Talk about your diet and lifestyle

1. The food pyramid.

2. Look at the picture above and match the numbers (1-35) with the letters (a-
ii). Then listen and check your answers.
a) _________ cereal m) _________ beans y) _________ fish
b) _________ eggs n) _________ rice z) ________ potatoes
c) _________ carrots o) _________ pear aa) _________ peaches
d) _________ orange p) _____ strawberries bb) _________ cookies
e) _________ yogurt q) _________ meat cc) _________ chicken
f) _________ pasta r) _________ onions dd) _________ lettuce
g) _________ broccoli s) _________ apple ee) _________ melon
h) _________ tomato t) _________ cherry ff) _______ chocolate
i) _________ cheese u) _________ nuts gg) _________ milk
j) _________ bread v) _________ spinach hh) _________ peppers
k) ______ mushrooms w) _________ bananas ii) _________ lemons
l) _________ grapes x) _________ olive oil
3. Which of the products in the pyramid food are….
a. Facts and oils: _________________________________________
b. Milk and dairy products: _________________________________________
c. Grains: _________________________________________
d. Meat, beans, fish and nuts: _________________________________________
e. Fruits: ________________________________________
f. Vegetables: _________________________________________
Plurals – Countable / Uncountable nouns

4. Study the table and complete the chart. Then complete the rules.
1. cereal 17. melon 33. fish
2. pasta 18. lemons 34. chicken
3. bread 19. orange 35. eggs
4. rice 20. tomato
5. onions 21. grapes
6. spinach 22. strawberries
7. potatoes 23. cherry
8. lettuce 24. olive oil
9. peppers 25. cookies
10. carrots 26. chocolate
11. broccoli 27. milk
12. mushrooms 28. yogurt
13. pear 29. cheese
14. apple 30. beans
15. bananas 31. meat
16. peaches 32. nuts

Plural Nouns
 Most nouns take ______ to form their plural. For example: carrot →carrots.
 Nouns ending in –s, -ss, -x, ,-o take ______. For example: bus →buses, glass
→glasses, box →boxes, peach →peaches, tomato → tomatoes.
 Nouns ending in consonant + ______ drop ______ the and take ______ For
example: berry →berries
 Irregular Plurals: man → men, woman → women, child → children, person →
people, foot → feet, tooth → teeth, cactus → cacti, stimulus → stimuli, axis →
axes, analysis → analyses, hypothesis → hypotheses, synthesis → syntheses,
thesis → theses, ox → oxen, mouse → mice, louse → lice, deer → deer, fish →
fish, sheep → sheep, goose → geese, bacterium → bacteria, criterion → criteria,
phenomenon → phenomena.
 Some nouns don’t have a singular form: clothes, pants, glasses, scissors, pyjamas,
binoculars, pilers, outskirts, etc.
Countable / Uncountable nouns

 Countable nouns are nouns we can count. For example: a/one apple → two
apples
 Uncountable nouns are nouns we cannot count. For example: water ( NOT:
a/one water → two waters
We use some with uncountable nouns or countable plural nouns. For example: some
water, some apples.
5. Write “C” for countable nouns and “U” for uncountable ones.
time butter oil tomato baggage
books pencil cars cream school
sugar bread salt honey luck
milk jam house carrot news
pens friend cheese man tree
sand finger rice computer kilo
chairs flour tea hall rubbish
meat apple game water cup

6. Look at the picture and guess. Who is he?
7. Listen and complete the information. Then tells the class what Phelps eats
during a typical day.
Michael Phelps has ______________ meals a day. For breakfast he has 3 fried-eggs
_________________ with _________________, _________________,
_________________, fried ________________ and ________________, 2
_________________ of coffee, a five egg omelet, a bowl of grits, 3 slices of
_________________ topped with sugar and 3 ________________ pancakes. For
lunch he has a bowl of ________________ with _______________ sauce, 2 large
________________ and cheese sandwiches with mayonnaise and 2 _______________
of energy drink. For dinner he has a bowl of ________________ with _____________
sauce, 6 to 8 slices of _______________ and 2 _______________ of energy drink.
Containers & Quantifiers

8. Fill in the blanks with …
bottle – glass – carton – cup – bowl – pack – slice – pot – loaf – can – piece
1
1. a ____________________ of milk.
2 3 4
2. a ____________________ of bread.
3. a ____________________ of tea.
4. a ____________________ of apple juice.
5. a ____________________ of bread.
7
6. a ____________________ of spaghetti. 6
7. a ____________________ of cake.
5
8. a ____________________ of ketchup.
10
9. a ____________________ of popcorn.
8
10. a ____________________ of baked beans.
9 11
11. a ____________________ of yogurt.

Study the table

Countable Uncountable
How many apples are there? How much coffee is there?
There are too many apples.
There is too much coffee.
There are a lot of apples. There is a lot of coffee.
There are some apples. There’s some coffee.
There are few apples. There’s little coffee.

There aren’t many apples. There isn’t much coffee.
There aren’t any apples. There isn’t any coffee.
Quantifier Countable Uncountable Affirmative Interrogative negative

Some X X X X(*)
Any X X X X
A little X X
A few X X
Much X X X
Many X X X
A lot of X X X X
(*)We can use some in questions when offering/requesting.
9. Complete the sentences with “a”/ “an”, “some” or “any”.

1. I want _________________apple juice.
2. There’s _________________meat in the dish.
3. It’s _________________ Italian pizza.
4. There wasn’t _________________ litter on the beach.
5. There aren’t_________________ sandwiches for my party.
6. _________________ dog will bite if it’s afraid.
7. There isn’t _________________pencil in the drawer.
8. There is_________________ rice left.

10. Write some or any.

1. I bought _______ cheese, but I didn’t buy _______ bread.
2. I’m going to the post office. I need _______ stamps.
3. There aren’t _______ shops in this part of town.
4. Gary and Alice haven’t got _______ children.
5. Have you got _______ brothers or sisters?
6. There are _______ beautiful flowers in the garden.
7. Do you know _______ good hotels in London?
8. “Would you like _______ tea?” “Yes, please”
11. Write How much or How many.

1. ____________ people are coming to the party?
2. ____________ milk do you want in you coffee?
3. ____________ bread did you buy?
4. ____________ players are there in a football team?
12. Fill in the blanks with: much –many – some – any – a lot of - little
1. How ___________ cheese do you need? Not ____________.
2. Are there __________ oranges? Yes, there are __________ oranges, but there
aren’t _________ apples.
3. There’s very _______________ milk left. OK! Let’s buy _________________.
4. Can I have ______________ cherries? Sorry, but there aren’t ________________.
5. How _________________ pears do you want? Not _________________. Just two.
13. Underline the correct item.

1. Are you hungry? There is a little / a few roast beef left.
2. I can’t make a cake. We haven’t got much / any eggs.
3. There is a few / a lot of sugar in the cupboard. We don’ need to buy any.
4. Can I have some / much milk for my coffee?
5. We need a few / much more peppers to make the dish.
6. We’ve got a lot of / a little bananas so you don’t have to buy any.
7. There isn’t many / much food left. We’ll have to go shopping.
8. The restaurant offers a few / a little vegetarian dishes.

14. Complete with the right quantifier

1. This bag is very heavy because it has got __________ books in it.
A) a little B) a lot of C) a few
2. Meral and Ahmet have got _________ friends from America.
A) any B) much C) a few
3. Have we got _________milk in the fridge, mother?
A) many B) a few C) any
4. How ______money have you got in your purse?
A) many B) any C) much
5. My mother has got _________ friends.
A) a little B) a lot of C) much
6. We have got ________ apples and ________ oranges in the fridge.
A) a little / some B) many / a little C) a few / some
7. Are there ________ children in the school garden?
A) a little B) any C) much
8. My teacher hasn’t got _________ 6th grade students this year.
A) some B) any C) a few
9. Sam, ____ there _____ milk in the fridge?
A) are / any B) is / any C) is / a few
15. Write a paragraph about what a person eats for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner, as the
example below. Then read it to the class.
Mr Gonzalez has hypothyroidism. He usually eats fruit salad with yogurt for breakfast and a cup of
milk. After 4 hours before lunch, he sometimes eats a serving of raisins. For lunch, he has a large slice
of chicken or beef, vegetable salad and a small portion of rice. Before dinner, he usually eats some
toasted nuts. For dinner, he has a slice of integral bread and cheese or chicken and a cup of coffee.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
____________

16. Look at the phone conversation between a customer and a sales assistant in a
bureau de change. Complete the conversation using: some, any, much or many.
Customer: Good morning, I’d like to change 1. __________ money.
Do you have 2. __________Australian dollars?
Sales assistant: Yes, sir. How 3. __________dollars would you like?
Customer: 1.500. How 4. __________is the commission?
Sales Assistant: 1 % Do you need 5.__________other currencies, sir?
Customer: Yes, Can I have 6. __________Mexican pesos, please?
Sales Assistant: How 7.__________?
Customer: 2.000 please.
17. Practise the conversation with a partner.

18. When a company sells goods, they send an invoice to the customer within
formation about the order. Look at the invoice below and complete the
information with the words in the box.
Account free discount total supplier quantity
19. Look at the invoice again and answer the questions.

1. What is the product code? __________________________
2. What is the customer ordering? __________________________
3. How many does he want? __________________________
4. How much is the discount on the order? __________________________
5. Is it necessary to pay for delivery? __________________________
6. How much does the customer pay? __________________________

20. Listen to a telephone conversation between a supplier and a customer and

complete the order form.
2.4 Home, sweet home

1. Look at the picture. What is strange about this house? What is in it? Listen
and read to find out.
The Walking House was the idea of a group of friendly because it runs on solar
designers from Denmark who and wind energy. It also collects
worked with engineers at MIT in rain water for use in the kitchen
Massachusetts, USA. while a small wood-burning stove
The house has a living room, a provides heat inside. Do you need
kitchen, a toilet, and a bed. A a change of scenery? Do you need
computer controls the legs, but to live closer to your job? Do you
there must always be three legs on want to avoid your noisy
the group to keep it stable. The neighbours? Simple – just take
house does not travel very fast – the house for a walk! How cool is
Imagine a home that can walk about 160 metres an hour, but it that?
slowly around town on six legs! can walk on any kind of land and
This amazing 10ft-high house can escape floods. It is very eco-
2. Read the article again and answer the questions.

1. What is inside the house? ____________________________________________
2. How does it move? _______________________________________________
3. How fast does it travel? _____________________________________________
4. How is it eco-friendly? ______________________________________________
5. Why is the house cool? ______________________________________________

The Imperative
3. Read the sentences below. Use the verbs turn off, install, not leave, not waste, plant,
unplug to write sentences using the imperative.
1. ________________________ the lights when you don’t need them.
2. ________________________ the charger when the cellphone is charged.
3. ________________________ the refrigerator door open.
4. ________________________ water. Fix leaky faucets.
5. ________________________ solar panels to heat your water.
6. ________________________ trees next to your home.
Study the exercises before and complete the rules below about the imperative.
 We use the base form of the verb to give ________________, orders, advice or
request.
Example: Turn off the lights.
 We use ________________ + base form of the verb to make a negative
imperative.
Example: Don’t turn on the heater.
4. Work in pairs. Label the diagram with the words in the box. Then listen and
check your answers. axle – deck – nose – plate – tail – truck - wheel

5. Match the words with the pictures. nails – bolts – nuts – spanner – washers –
staples – screws - screwdriver
6. Work in pairs. You want to assemble a skateboard. What do you need? Choose
items from the exercise 4.
7. Listen and complete the checklist.
Size Quantity
spanner _________mm 1
nuts _________mm _________
bolts M_________ _________
8. How do you assemble a skateboard? Put the diagrams in order. Use the
expressions below to organise your ideas.
1. Put the plate on the four bolts. 6. Tighten the nut.

2. Put the nuts on the bolts. 7. Put the wheels on the axle.
3. Tighten the nuts. 8. Put the nuts on the axle.
4. Put the axle on the large bolt. 9. Tighten the nuts.
5. Put the large nut on the large bolt.

2.5 Describing my everyday activities

1. Look at the picture and write the actions.
1 2 3
8
5
4
2. Complete the paragraph with the actions or expressions from the exercise 1.
I 1. ___________________ at about 7 am. Then, I 2. _________________________ and
3. ___________________ my teeth. Next, I get dressed and 4.
________________________. Next, I 5. ___________________ the newspaper or 6.
___________________ TV. After that, I get ready to go to university. I 7.
___________________ home at 10 am. I 8. ___________________ classes at 11 a.m.
3. Use rows to indicate the correct sequence of the events in the exercise 1 according
to the text in 2.

4. Read the text in the exercise 2 and circle the sequencers, then list them, as the
example.
1. ________then______________ 4. __________________________
2. __________________________ 5. __________________________
3. __________________________ 6. __________________________
Telling the Time

We talk about the time in different ways.
Rob has lunch at one o’clock. Rob checks emails at half past ten.
Rob has lunch at one in the afternoon. Rob checks emails at half past ten in
the morning.
Rob has lunch at one. Rob checks emails at ten thirty.
5. Read the text bellow. Then match the numbers with the letters.
Clara Zuñiga is a nurse at Almanzor Hospital. She lives in a house with two
people, Andrea and Rob. They work for the same hospital, but in different
departments. Andrea is a neurologist, and Rob is in HR (Human Resources).
Andrea and Clara usually drive to work because they start their job at 7:15
a.m. They are always punctual. However, Rob starts work at 8:30am, so he
often travels by van. On Friday, they all start at 7:45am and drive to the
hospital together. Rob often goes out and has lunch in the hospital canteen at
1:30pm, but Andrea and Clara usually have lunch at 2:40pm because they’re
busy. On Thursday, they meet colleagues from other departments after work.
1. Clara and Andrea usually start work at

___ a. half past one
2. Rob starts work at ___ b. a quarter to eight.
3. On Friday, Clara and her friends start c. eight thirty
work at ___ d. twenty to three
4. Rob has lunch at ___ e. a quarter past seven
5. Andrea and Clara have lunch at ___
6. What time do you have meals in your country?
7. Listen to Doug Scott talking about his job. What time does he start and finish
work?

Preposition of time
in on at
th
the morning April 14 weekend
the afternoon Saturday (s) night
1971 Monday evening 10 o’clock
August weekdays Christmas
winter. autumn, vacation midnight
summer, spring Christmas day lunch time
the week Mother’s day noon
15th century my birthday midday
the 80’s on holiday sunset
8. Complete the sentences with the correct preposition of time

1. My birthday is _______ October 13th.
2. The English class is _______ Tuesday, _______Thursday and _______ Friday.
3. The Biology class is _______ 12:45.
4. The Winter is ____ June, ___ July and ____August.
5. The family is together _______ my grandfather’s birthday.
6. I’m in the office _______ midday _______ Saturdays.
7. His school classes are _______ the afternoon.
8. _______ summer it’s hot and sunny.
9. My friends are in Piura _______ weekdays.
10. The Beatles were popular ______the 1960s.
11. His birthday is ______June.
12. The class is ______9am ______Monday mornings.
9. Watch the video about John Williams’ routine. And choose the best
alternative.
1. I am a. 32 b. 34 c. 52
2. I live in a. Münich b. Manchester c. Oxford
3. I get up at a. 7 o’clock b. 5 o’clock c. 6 o’clock
4. I don’t a. run b. smoke c. a and b
5. Sarah doesn’t get up a. 7 o’clock b. 6 o’clock c. a and b
6. Sarah gets up at a. 7 o’clock b. 5 o’clock c. 6 o’clock
7. Sarah finishes work at a. 5 o’clock b. 6 o’clock c. 7 o’clock

Present simple affirmative and negative.

We use the present simple for routines and regular activities, and also for permanent and
long-term situations. Study these examples and answer the questions below.
I get up at 6 o’clock. Sarah gets up at 7 o’clock.
I finish work at 5 o’clock. Sarah finishes work at 6 o’clock.
We have cereal and a cup of tea. The cat has breakfast in the morning.
I don’t smoke. Sarah doesn’t get up at 6 o’clock.
a. What letter do we add to a present simple verb in the third person singular?
b. What is the third person singular of the verb have?
c. What is the negative word for I, We, You and They?
d. What is the negative word for third person singular?
e. Does the verb change in the negative sentences?
SINGULAR PLURAL
I/You walk to school. We /You walk to school.
He /She/It walks to school. They walk to school.
We use the present simple to talk about:
 Daily routines: Every morning, I eat eggs for breakfast.
 Habits: John plays tennis on Saturdays.
 Permanent states: They live in London.
Time expressions: every day/week, every afternoon/evening, on Mondays, etc.
Spelling rules
 Verb + -s: I run – he runs
 Verbs ending in –ch, -o, -sh, -ss, -x, + -es: I watch – he watches, I go – he
goes, I wash – he washes.
 Verbs ending in consonant + y drop the -y and take –ies: I study – he studies.
10. Fill in the present simple of the verbs in brackets.

1. Amanda______________( go) to school every day.
2. We ______________(like) swimming.
3. Our friends ______________( play) badminton on Saturdays.
4. My class ______________(begin) at 9 a.m.
5. Her parents ______________(go) to the cinema.
6. Elli______________(love) chocolate.
7. I______________(study) French.
8. The girls ______________( live) in Amsterdam.

9. Alfred ______________(work) in a bank.

10. Esther and Julie______________(play) the piano.
11. Josue______________(cook ) lunch every day.
12. His little brother______________(clean) his room at the weekends.
13. Alice and I______________(like) reading detective stories.
14. Mr. Tureau______________(come) from France.
15. Nancy______________( go) to restaurants on weekdays.
16. Our mother______________(study) English every evening on line.
17. My plane______________(leave) at 11 p.m.
18. The teens ______________(go) to the park on Sundays.
19. He ______________(like) taking photographs.
20. The moon______________(go ) around the earth.
11. Match the departments in a company 1 – 9 with the definitions a – i
1. Design a. makes products.

2. Marketing b. sell to customers.
3. IT c. buys products or services for the company.
4. Production d. deals with the company’s accounts.
5. Finance e. hires new employees and organizes training
6. Buying f. arranges artwork.
7. Sales g. maintains the company’s computer systems.
8. Human Resources (HR) h. invents and develops new products.
9. Research i. promotes products or services.
and Development (R&D)
NEGATIVE
I/You/We/They don’t play sport. He/She/It doesn’t play sport.
Yes / no Questions
Interrogative Short answers
Do I/you/we/they go running on Saturday? Yes, I/you/we/they do.
Does He/She/It cook on Sunday afternoons? No, I/you/we/they don’t.
Yes, He/She/It does.
No, He/She/It doesn’t.

12. Fill in the correct of the verbs in brackets.

a. _______________________a lot in England? (it/ rain)
b. _______________________a room with her sister? (Janet/ share)
c. _______________________at the bus stop? (we/ wait)
d. _______________________dolphins? (your father/ like)
e. He _______________________ TV every day.(not/watch)
f. I _______________________computer games.(not/like)
g. I _______________________ from Spain.(not/be)
h. _______________________in the mornings? (Christian/ smile)
i. John _______________________ nice.(not/be)
j. My sisters_______________________ volleyball every week.(not/play)
k. _______________________sports after school? (those boys/ do)
l. Steve _______________________ nice pictures.(not/draw)
m. _______________________strawberries in the morning? (Amanda/ eat)
n. _______________________their relatives to the party? (they/ invite)
o. They _______________________English.(not/speak)
p. This car _______________________ a lot of noise.(not/make)
q. _______________________to the beach in summer? (Nancy and Kevin/ go)
r. _______________________to the office? (you/ walk)
s. We _______________________ from Greece.(not/be)
13. Jo is a nurse. Fill in the gaps in the description of a typical workday for her by
putting the verb in brackets into the correct present simple tense form.
Jo 1. _________________ (be) a nurse. She 2. _________________

(work) at a medical clinic near her home in Chiclayo. She 3.
_________________ (get) to work at 8 am every weekday . she first 4.
_________________ (check) the phone for voice messages and the fax
machine for faxes. She then 5. _________________ (talk) to the doctors
about the day’s appoitments. At 8:30 she 6. _________________ (make)
sure that the medical instruments 7. _________________ (be) ready for
using and everything 8. _________________ (be) clean and tidy.
The doctors and nurses 9. ______________ (start) seeing patients at 9:00. Jo 10.
_______________ (spend) a lot of time giving babies and children vaccinations. She 11.
_______________ (talk) to their parents about any worries they 12. _______________ (have).

The doctors 13. _________________ (call) her for help with bandaging or test. She 14.
_________________ (be) also available at all times for medical emergencies.
At lunchtime Jo 15. _________________ (answer) the phone while the receptionist is having
her lunch. It 16. _________________ (be,not) a busy time so Jo usually 17.
_________________ (have) a cup of tea. She 18. _________________ (try) to do any
paperwork during this time too. The clinic 19. _________________ (have,not) as many
patients in the afternoon unless it 20. _________________ (be) a Friday.
At around 4:00 she 21. _________________ (check) that her computer files 22.
_________________ (be) up-to-date. She 23. _________________ (look) at the clinic’s stock
of medical supplies and 24. _________________ (phone) the manufactures to order more of
something, if necessary. Finally, Jo 25. _________________ (talk) to the doctors and other
nurses about the day’s work. She 26. _________________ (go) home around 5:00. She 27.
_________________ (be) usually late leaving work. Jo 28. _________________ (love) her
job but the pay 29. _________________ (be,not) very good.
14. Writing and Speaking. What’s your routine? Present it to the class.
Frequency Adverbs
15. We use frequency adverbs (e.g. never, usually, etc.) to say how often things
happen. Study the examples from the exercise 5 on page 42 and underline the
frequency adverbs.
a. Andrea and Clara usually drive to work because they start their job at 7:15 a.m.
b. They are always punctual
c. Rob often travels by van.
d. Andrea and Clara usually have lunch at 2:40pm
16. Complete the rule with before and after.

Adverbs of frequency usually go ______________ the verb to be and
______________ all other main verbs.
17. Use frequency adverbs (chart below) to tell your partner how often you do
things.
go to meetings – get up early – have lunch in a restaurant – read a newspaper - read
an article in English – play sports – be late for appointments – check facebook.

ADVERB FREQUENCY
always 100%
usually 90%
normally 80%
generally 75%
often 70%
frequently 60%
sometimes 50%
occasionally 40%
seldom 30%
hardly ever 10%
never 0%
18. Rewrite the complete sentence using the adverb in brackets in its correct
position.
1. He listens to the radio. (often)
____________________________________________________
2. Pete gets angry. (never)
____________________________________________________
3. Tom is very friendly. (usually)
____________________________________________________
4. I take sugar in my coffee. (sometimes)
____________________________________________________
5. Ramon and Frank are hungry. (often)
____________________________________________________
6. My grandmother goes for a walk in the evening. (always)
____________________________________________________
7. Walter helps his father in the kitchen. (usually)
____________________________________________________
8. They watch TV in the afternoon. (never)
____________________________________________________
9. Christine smokes. (never)
____________________________________________________
10. Peter doesn’t get up before seven. (usually)
____________________________________________________

19. Read the article and choose the correct answer a – c to complete the sentences.
3. A person who is good at boat
1. Management gurus often compare racing…
business to… a. is always good for the team.
a. boat racing. b. is good at all sports.
b. football and rugby. c. sometimes isn’t good for the
c. golf. team.
4. People that work with the team…

2. Members of a boat club need to... a. aren’t good team members.
a. compete and co-operate. b. help to win the race.
b. talk about teamwork. c. are great boat racers.
c. have lessons in business.
5. The writer thinks it is important
that the team…
a. likes each other.
b. likes racing.
c. likes business.
The Economist
Team sport and business
But there are some very good at the sport. So

similarities between rowing they think it isn’t important
and business teams. The to be nice to their colleagues
members of the boat club or to work with the team.
need to compete for a place Other members of the club
in the team. They also need are not so good at the sport,
to co-operate as team but they work with the team
members at the same time. – and they are the team
Management gurus often This is also true in a members that help to win the
compare business to sport. company. Colleagues try to race.
They sometimes use be the best, but at the same This is a good lesson for
examples from football or time they need to work managers: a team with
rugby when they talk about together. members that like each other
teamwork. But it isn’t often A person who is only works together. And it is the
that they say that rowing has good at rowing is not always team that works well
lessons for business. good for the team. Some together that gets really good
members of a boat club are result.

2.6 Rain and shine

1. Listen and repeat.
2. Listen to the weather report and complete the sentences.

Let’s have a look of the weather map from Europe. Starting in the north, the weather isn’t
very good in Scandinavia. It’s 1.____________ in Sweden. It’s 2. ____________ in the east
of the UK, and at the moment, it’s 3. ____________ heavily in the north of Germany. It’s
quite 4. ____________ today in Poland. It’s about 5 degrees in the east and it’s very 5.
____________ in France. It’s 6. ____________ over the whole of France. The weather is
looking good in the south of Europe, then. As usual, it’s very 7. ___________ in the south
of Spain and it’s 8. ___________ in Greece, up to about 20 degrees today. Finally, be careful
if you’re driving in the northern of Italy it’s very 9. ___________. The wind is coming down
of the mountains and it’s very strong. That’s it from the weather forecast from Europe.

3. Look at the information. Complete the title.

Last week we asked for examples of health problems in good or bad weather. We had
hundreds of letters! Here are a few.
YOUR HEALTH
YOUR HEALTH AND THE ______________
Your article was very interesting. I always get headaches when the weather changes from sunny
weather to rain. My head isn’t hurting now because it’s summer and the sun is shining.
Pablo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
I live in Seattle and it often rains here. My whole body aches when it rains – my legs, my arms.
I’m aching badly at the moment because it’s raining heavily today.
Miriam, Seattle, USA
The weather also affects our moods. In Norway a lot of people get depressed in the winter becuse
it stays cold and dark all the time, especially in the north. We’re all feeling depressed at the moment
– it’s November and there’s another three months of darkness!
Lars, Osio, Norway
4. Read the information and complete the chart below.

Person / city Type of weather Health problem
Change from sunny

weather to rain
Miriam / Seattle
Feeling depressed

2.7 Materials testing

Present Continuous
We use the present continuous to talk about things that are happening now (at the
moment of speaking) and for temporary actions (things that are happening around
now). Study the examples from the exercise 2 on page 50 and complete the rules
below.
a. At the moment, it’s raining heavily in the north of Germany.

b. The weather is not looking good in the north of Europe,
c. Are you driving in the northern of Italy?
d. The wind is coming down of the mountains.
1. We form the present continuous by using am, _____ or _____ and a verb + _____.
2. We form the negative by putting _____ between am/is/are and the verb.
3. We form the _____ by putting am/is/are before the subject.
AFFIRMATIVE
LONG FORM SHORT FORM
I am walking. I’m walking.
You are walking. You’re walking.
He / She / It is walking. He’s / She’s / It’s walking
We / You / They are walking. We’re / You’re / They’re walking.
We use the Present Continuous for actions happening now / at the moment /
today.
Form: noun / pronoun + verb to be (am – is – are ) + verb – ing form
Time expressions with the Present Continuous: now, at the moment, today.
Spelling rules
 Most verbs: + - ing: fly – flying, eat – eating
 Verbs ending in consonant + - e: E + - ing: come – coming
 Verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant: double the consonant and take –
ing: shop - shopping
Expressions used with present progressive
TEMPORARY FUTURE
Now Tomorrow
Right now Next Monday
At the moment Next week
In this moment Next month
At present Next august
Today Next season
This week Next summer
This month Next year
This year

NEGATIVE
I am not / ‘m not
You / We / They are not / aren’t wearing a scarf.
He / She / It is not / isn’t
INTERROGATIVE SHORT ANSWERS

Am I winning? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
Are You / We / They winning? Yes, You / We / They are./
Is He / She / It winning? No, You / We / They aren’t
Yes, He / She / It is. /
No, He / She / It isn’t.
4. Work in pairs. Read the instructions and answer the question.
break – nylon - polycarbonate - pull – stretch - strike
 Look at the helmet and rope. What are they made of?
5. Listen and answer the questions.
a. What material is the rope made of?
_____________________________________________________
b. What is the lecturer doing?
_____________________________________________________
c. Is the rope breaking?
_____________________________________________________
6. Listen again and complete the dialogue.

A: I'm (1) __________________ the rope. I'm (2) __________________ it.
Is it (3) __________________ ?
B: No, it (4) __________________
A: That's right. It (5) __________________ __________________.
7. Match the actions with the verbs in the box.

bend – compress – cut – drop – heat – scratch – stretch – strike

8. The lecturer is testing other materials. Complete his description.

Now I (1) 'm heating (heat) this plastic to 100°C. Can you see?
It (2) _____________________ (not melt).
OK, now I (3) _____________________ (put) this helmet on the floor. And now the
machine (4) _____________________ (drop) a 10 kg weight on it.
Right, now look at Dr Wilson. He (5) _____________________ (strike) the metal plate
with a hammer. But the plate (6) _____________________ (not bend).
OK, now the jaws of the vice (7) _____________________ (compress) this plastic
block. The block (8) _____________________ (not break).
Now Dr Wilson (9) _____________________ (hang) a weight of 500 kg from the ropes.
But the ropes (10) _____________________ (not stretch).
9. Speaking. What are the people in the gym doing? Describe this picture using the
words in the box.
bend – cycle – hold – lift - pick up – pull – push – run – sit – stretch – touch
10. Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about the picture in 9.
A: What’s D doing? Is he pushing the bar up?
B: No, he isn't. He's pulling the bar down.

11. Listen to two people talking about their companies and complete the table to
show what the companies usually do and what they are doing at the moment.
USUALLY AT THE MOMENT
MET scan
We 1. manufacture machines for The medical team 3.________________
2.________________ . equipment that people can use at
4.________________ .
Norwest
We make 5.________________for the Our team 7.________________a new
6.________________market. 8.________________for the
9.________________ market.
12. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in italics.
1. I work /am working for Corus plc. I started here seven years ago.
2. What do you do / are you doing at the moment?
3. I organise / am organising a project in Rotterdam this month.
4. What time do they have / are they having breakfast in the morning?
5. Martina finishes / is finishing a report at the moment.
6. How do you usually travel / are travelling to work?
7. I'm driving / drive at the moment, but usually I'm taking / take the train.
8. Do they send / Are they sending the report now?
13. Listen to two people meeting and complete the beginning and end of the
conversation.
Beginning
Lucy : Hi, Ethan. We met at the 1.training course in Rome last July.
Ethan : Hi, Lucy. How are 2.________________with you?
Lucy : Fine. Are you 3.______________ working in Shanghai?
Ethan : No, I’m working in the Delhi 4.________________for 8 months.
Lucy : That 5.________________interesting!
End
Lucy : I’m in Delhi 6.________________month for some meetings.
Ethan : Great! 7.________________have lunch together.
Lucy : That’s a good idea. Here’s my 8.________________card.
Ethan : Thanks. Here’s my card. Well, it was good to see you 9.________, Lucy.
Lucy : Yes, it was good to see you, 10.________________.

14. Read the email from an old colleague. For each sentence 1 – 6 find one mistake
and correct it.
15. Write a reply (40 – 60 words) to Jerry’s email in exercise 14. Use the information
below.
Include this information about your current situation:
- work: __________________________________
- job title: __________________________________
- live: Boston, USA. (for next six months)
- other: You visit Dubai this week on business Jerry wants to meet for
lunch?
Hi Jerry
Thanks for your email. The new company sounds interesting.
I left my job of ………………… last year. Now, I ………….

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English Book for Postgraduate Studies

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 22

Module 2: Describe now and daily actions.

 fast food restaurant  grocery store

2. In which of these stores can you eat/ drink/order/buy…

3. Look at the map and find the store.

There’s a printer under my chair.

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 23

1. _____ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. ______

5. ________ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. ______

9. _____ 10. _______ 11. _______ 12. _____ 13. ____

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 24

1. There are four people _______________the open green car.

 vase/table  sofa/armchair  coffee table/fireplace

7. Look at the pictures and complete the sentences.

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 25

2.2 A place to work.

1. Label the offices with the words in the box.

9. Read the article and answer the questions.

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 26

2. What is next to the keyboard?

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 27

2. Label the pictures with the words in the box.

file keyboard shredder bookcase printer chair stapler

1. __________________ 2. ___________________ 3. _______________ 4._________________

5.____________________ 6.____________________ 7. ___________________ 8. ______________

9. ___________________ 10. ____________________ 11. _____________________ 12. _____________

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 28

There is / There are

13. Choose There is or There are to complete the sentences.

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 29

A Quick Guide to Five English Towns

Brighton Brighton is only one hour from London.

Canterbury 3__________a great shopping in

Nottingham 5___________good restaurants in

2.3 Talk about your diet and lifestyle

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 30

Plurals – Countable / Uncountable nouns

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 31

Countable / Uncountable nouns

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 32

6. Look at the picture and guess. Who is he?

Containers & Quantifiers

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 33

Study the table

There are a lot of apples. There is a lot of coffee.

There are some apples. There’s some coffee.

There are few apples. There’s little coffee.

There aren’t any apples. There isn’t any coffee.

Quantifier Countable Uncountable Affirmative Interrogative negative

9. Complete the sentences with “a”/ “an”, “some” or “any”.

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 34

10. Write some or any.

11. Write How much or How many.

13. Underline the correct item.

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 35

14. Complete with the right quantifier

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 36

17. Practise the conversation with a partner.

19. Look at the invoice again and answer the questions.

POSGRADUATE SCHOOL - UNPRG Página 37

20. Listen to a telephone conversation between a supplier and a customer and

2.4 Home, sweet home

1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. __

5. ____ 6. _ 7. _ 8. __

9. _ 10. _ 11. ___ 12. _ 13. __

1. ________ 2. _ 3. _ 4.___________

5.__________ 6. 7. _ 8. ______

9. _________ 10. 11. _ 12. ___

Jo 1. _ (be) a nurse. She 2. _