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TEMPEST-SHIELDED
FACILITIES
12-1. Outline
12-2. Introduction
a. Primary emphasis
b. Combining with EMPprotection
12-3. Design criteria for 50-decibel facilities
a. TEMPEST-on1 y appl i ca t i ons
b. Personnel en tryway
c. Emergency exi ts
d. Mechanical penetrations
e. Electrical penetrations
f. RED and BLACK
12-4. RF shield design for 50-decibel facilities
a. Defining the shielded volume
(1) Limiting extent
(2) Efficient floor plan
b. Shielding materials and joining methods
(1 I Small and 1 arge volumes
(2) Modular shielded enclosure
(3) Materials
(4) Operating life
c. Design of modular shielded enclosures
(1) Purchased shields
(2) Shield performance
(3) Manufactured panels
(41 Screen enclosures
(5) Penetration panel
(61 On-site assembly
(7) Specifying shields
(8) Shield subassemblies
d. Foil shield construction
(1) Foil shields
(2) Thick sheet metal
(3) Installation costs
(41 Absence of data
(5) Floor shield design
(6) Wall and ceiling shield design
e. Shield quality assurance during construction
12-5. Penetration protection devices
a. 50-decibel vs loo-decibel
(1) Aspect
(2) Filter insertion loss
12-1
(3) Joint treatment
(4) Pipes and conduits
(5) Electrical surge arresters
b. Penetration through plates
c. Shield doors
d. Specifying insertion loss
12-6. Cited references
12- 7. Unci ted reference
12-2
maintaining performance of high-quality shielded doors; therefore, this more
costly arrangement is not justified and is not recommended in 50-decibel
(nominal) applications.
f. RED and BLACK. The shielded volume should contain only RED equipment;
however, it is seldom possible to completely exclude BLACKcircuits. The
RED/BLACKisolation guidelines of NACSIM5203 must therefore be followed (ref
12-4).
12-3
(a) The size of the shielded volume will be minimized (shielding
costs are approximately proportional to the shield surface area).
(b) Large volumes are shielded areas that occupy a major fraction of
the facility and probably require integration into the structural design.
12-4
straps, special metallic tapes having conductive adhesives, or solder (for
copper foils).
12-5
advantages of screen enclosures are simplified ventilation requirements and
light weight. The most serious problems are the fragility of the screen and
the unrestricted light and sound passage through the walls. The latter
problem implies that physical controls and personnel security clearance/need-
to-know requirements in areas around the shield should be the same as those
required within the shielded volume.
(b) The overall length, width, and height of the shielded enclosure
shall be listed in the specifications.
(c) The requirement for and location of the vestibule entrance shall
be specified. It should be stated explicitly that the shielding effectiveness
requirement applies when one vestibule door is open and the other door closed,.
(d) The size and location of other shielded doors shall be listed in
the specifications.
12-6
(8) Shield subassemblies. This discussion has dealt only with the
shielding, shield doors, and blank penetration panels. Virtually all
shielding vendors can also provide finished piping, ventilation, and filter
(ESA, if required) assembly penetration panels. These subjects will be
addressed later in this chapter for 50-decibel (nominal) applications.
Furthermore, most modular shield enclosure vendors can provide much of the
installation work unrelated to the shielding and penetration protection
performance. (This information is provided only for the convenience of
designers, as the support subsystems are not areas of interest in this
manual.) Examples include the following:
(1) Foil shields. The first method uses stainless steel foil, from
0.05 millimeter to 0.2 millimeter thick, or copper foil, from 0.1 millimeter
to 0.2 millimeter thick, to form the electromagnetic barrier. The foils can
be applied to wallboard using a standard adhesive similar to installing
wallpaper or other supporting material using nails/staples. The seams are
usually closed by overlapping the foils, clamping, soldering, and sealing with
a special conductive tape or by using a combination of these methods. In some
instances, several layers of foil are applied. Another layer of wallboard is
normally used as an overlay material to protect the fragile shielding
material.
12-7
-
shielding costs in two ways--higher material costs and increased labor because
the foil is made in relatively narrow widths.
(5) Floor shield design. Sheet metal floor shield is recommended for
most floor shield designs because of the high stresses placed on the floor
shield and the extreme difficulty in effecting repairs after the facility is
operational. In unusual cases, such as a temporary facility with a short
useful lifetime, a foil shield floor can be used.
(a) The basic shield materials are 22- to 26-gauge galvanized steel
sheets in the largest available and most convenient to handle size. Sheets to
be used at the edges of the floor shield should be bent upward to form a
vertical section about 10 centimeters to 20 centimeters high for interfacing
with the wall shield. The sheets should be laid on a vapor barrier over the
concrete floor slab so that adjacent sheets overlap by approximately 5
centimeters, as indicated in figure 12-4.
(b) Figure 12-5 shows the suggested methods for treating floor
shield seams. As noted, the sheets should be secured in place with either a
clamping strap or periodic tack welds. The strapping technique, which is
preferred in high-humidity environments or in cases for which a wear slab is
to be poured over the floor shield, uses galvanized steel bars held in place
by anchor studs fired into the foundation through the sheet metal. Strapping
need not be continuous, but must be sufficient to ensure good surface contact
12-8
between the sheets. Under less corrosive conditions, periodic tack welds can
be used for this purpose. The accessible seam is then taped continuously with
stainless steel or tin-plated copper tape that has a conductive adhesive.
(6) Wall and ceiling shield design. A copper or stainless steel foil
shield (or sheet metal shield similar in design to the floor) is recommended
for use with wall and ceiling shield design and construction. Aluminum foils
are also available but should not be used because of the potential for surface
oxidation. Foils backed by paper with impregnated fibers are preferred over
bare foils because of improved resistance to tearing.
12-9
penetrations. This fact shall be emphasized strongly in the shield
maintenance procedures.
(2) Filter insertion loss. The filter insertion loss requirements are
lower.
(4) Pipes and conduits. Pipe and conduit penetrations can be made with
compression fittings and threaded joints rather than circumferential welds.
12-10
will have a clear area of about 15.2 centimeters wide around the periphery for
interfacing with the bulk foil shield.
12-11
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MISCELLANEOUS
SPACES POWER BENERATION/
(OFFICES, STORAGE, DISTRIBUTION AREA
BREAK ROOM,
LAVATORIES)
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CORE MATERIAL
( PLYWOOD, MASONITE, GALVAN I ZED STEEL
RIGID FOAM, ETCJ J
SHEETS (22-26 ga.) Y
(a)
WOOD FRAME
7
L GALVANIZED STEEL
OR COPPER
(b)
12-13
BLANK PENETRATION PLATE
(FOR PIPING, VENTILATION
OR ELECTRICAL PPDd
OUTSIDE
RFI GASKET
OVERLAPPED,
SPOT-WELDED
AND TAPED SEAMS
- 5 in.
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STEEL SHEETS
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ANCHOR
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TACK WELD AT
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OVERLAb
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22 -26 GAUGE’ GALVANIZED STEEL STRAP
GALVANIZED STAINLESS STEEL OR
STEEL SHEET TIN PLATED COPPER TAPE
CONCRETE
FOUNDATION -/
12-16
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12-17
FOlL OVERLAP
b-2 h-4
STAPLE OR SCREW
(IF REQUIRED)
4x
12-18
WALLBOARD GALVANIZED
A- PFfXl STEEL PLATE
12-19
PENETRATION PLATE -FOIL SEAM
PENETRATION
-.
CIRCUMFERENTIAL
ELECTROMAGNET1C
12-20