Automatic detection of

Diabetic retinopathy using

Linear Regression analysis

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 Work plan
Semester Work decided Work done Database used

1st Semester Literature Survey, Completed

Course work

2nd Semester Study DR, obtain blood vessels in Completed DRIVE

retinal images

3rd Semester Obtain Optic disc in normal and Completed and checked DRIVE and STARE
pathological retinal images. on DRIVE database.

4th Semester Obtain both blood vessel and OD

same time.
(work planned)
Obtain Pathological features like
MA, and Hemorrhages.

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 Dictionary Creation
• Hand-marked sub-images with OD at the center, at multiple scales, are utilized to
create the scale-embedded dictionary. The sub-images are resized to n1 * n2 for
computational ease.
• The dictionary elements are obtained by representing these sub-images as a
column vector.
• Similar-sized matrices with a single non-zero entry for each of the n1 *n2 locations
are also included in the dictionary to handle noise.

•Dictionary contains training

samples and identity matrix as
shown in equation below.
Y=Tα+ Iβ

Fig. Dictionary generation

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 Assumption used
• It is assumed that all sub-images containing OD at the center,
lie in a single subspace, and that any given sub-image, that
contains OD at its center, can be expressed as a linear
combination of the positive samples among the training
images.

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 Linear Regression analysis
• Simple regression model as follows:
Y = β*X + e
Where Y is dependent variable
X is independent variable
Β is coefficient vector and e is error.
In multiple linear regression
Y = β0*X0 +β1*X1 + β2*X2 + e

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• Let us assume that the sub-images with the OD at their
center constitute a sub-space, with its basis elements
defined by the pixel values of the training sub-images
{v1, v2, . . . vn}.
• while similar-sized sparse matrices with a single non-
zero element for each of the pixel locations {r1, r2, . . .
rm}.
• Hence dictionary is A = {v1, v2, . . . vn, r1, r2, . . . rm}
• We assume that a given sub-image y, can be expressed
as a linear combination of the basis elements
y = α1*v1+α2*v2+. . .+αn*vn+β1*r1+β2*r2+. . .+βm*rm
Or y = Ax
Where x = [α1, α2 . . . αn, β1, β2 . . . βm] is the coefficient
vector.
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• It is clear that If the sub-image contains OD at
its center, it would belong to the sub-space
spanned by the positive training basis {v1, v2, .
. . vn}, and hence the coefficient vector would
resemble {α1, α2, . . . αn, 0, 0, . . . 0}.
• if a given test image does not contain OD
then the coefficient vector {0, 0, . . . 0, β1, β2,
. . . βm}.

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 Future work
• In future I would like to obtain anatomical
features in Pathological retinal images.
• I would like obtain pathological features (MA,
Hemorrhages, and Exudates automatically).
• I would like to classify image as Normal, or DR
effected image.