STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

TRAVEL SYSTEM

TRAVEL CIRCUIT

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD
OPERATIONAL AND CONTROL FEATURES
OPERTIONAL AND CONTROL FEATURES (1)
q Machine speed relates to hydraulic motor
speed.
q Hydraulic motor speed depends upon the flow of
hydraulic oil, which depends upon size of the
aperture created by the position of the spool in
the control valve.
q The position of the spool in the main control
valve relates to the pressure level created by the
pilot pressure control valve (PPC). This takes the
form of a pressure regulating valve (pressure
reducer) operated by the travel pedal. The fur-
ther the pedal is pressed the higher the pilot
pressure is generated, resulting in a greater level
of proportional spool movement and correspond-
ing oil flow rate to the motor.
q Hydraulic motor direction is controlled by the
position of the travel ’forward and reverse’ sole-
noid valve which in turn directs the pilot signal
from the foot pedal control valve to the pilot sec-
tion of the main control valve travel spool. The
foot pedal control valve receives its pressure
supply from the ’travel / neutral solenoid valve’.
q Initiation of the ’forward and reverse’ solenoid is
via the switch on the front face of the RH control
lever. This is interlocked with the travel / neutral
solenoid valve.
OPERATIONAL AND CONTROL FEATURES (2)
q For a fixed oil flow the speed of the machine is
governed by the level of motor displacement.
Higher the displacement, the lower the speed
and visa versa.
q The level of motor torque per unit of pressure is
also a product of displacement.
q Motor displacement and the corresponding
speed and torque characteristics are therefore
affected by the following operations:
Operators Input via travel mode switch
Selection of creep mode by the operation of the
travel creep solenoid. This valve sets the travel
motor displacement to maximum, this in turn rep-
resents the lowest speed per litre of flow and the
highest torque per unit of pressure. This repre-
sents a maximum travel speed of 2.2 kph.
Torque Maximisation
When travel / reverse solenoid is selected the
respective pressure switch in the line initiates the
2 stage relief valve solenoid valve. This valve
directs a pilot signal into connection Px1 and
Px2. This action raises the pressure of the 2
10-204
TRAVEL SYSTEM
stage relief valves in the main direction control
valve to 34.8MPa (355kg/cm2 ). This increase in
pressure raises the torque potential of the
hydraulic motor.
OPERATIONAL AND CONTROL FEATURES (3)
Operator’s Input via travel mode switch
q In Hi mode the controller automatically defaults
the transmission clutch control solenoid valve in
to the off condition. This gives a travel speed
range of 0 - 30 kph.
q In Lo mode the controller energises the transmis-
sion clutch control solenoid valve in the on posi-
tion. This gives a travel speed of 0 - 8.8 kph.
NOTE: Signal on Hi mode enables the drive through
to Lo mode.
In both of these operating modes, w/hen the
motor pressure reaches 275 bar this represents
the cracking pressure of the torque / speed con-
trol valve.
The valve has a switching range of 38 +0/-3 bar.
This gives a progressive increase in motor dis-
placement, resulting in a controlled increased
rate of traction force and corresponding reduc-
tion in motor speed per litre of fluid supplied.
OVERRUN PROTECTION. This is dealt with
through the action of the counterbalance spool in
the motor control block.When the machine
begins to overrun the travel motor momentarily
changes its operational mode and becomes a
pump. The change in pressure within the supply
and return line causes the normal pilot signal on
the counterbalance valve to fall, thereby allowing
it to slightly close. This action causes the pres-
sure to rise on the motor return side thereby pro-
viding a braking force and controlled vehicle
movement.
PW130-7K
STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

1. Travel Motor.
1.1. Shown in the neutral position.

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

1.2. Flow path representing: Low Torque - High the speed of the machine is governed by the
speed with counterbalance taking up an active level of motor displacment.
position. (Default for Travel)
The counterbalance valve (3) is activated ehich
allows a constant flow of oil around the circuit.
From port A through to port B the motor displace-
ment is at minimum pending maximum speed.

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

1.3. Introduction of Creep control: High Torque - Low supply the motor displacement to maximum giv-
Speed. ing creep speed of 2.2kph
It can be seen from the diagram that the spool
moves across on the torque speed control valve
(2) which directs the flow to move the servo and

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

1.4. Opposing load torque on motor increases caus-

ing Torque / Speed control valve to react.
Diagram showing Hi speed with minimum dis-
placement

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

1.4.1 Motor displacement is increased progressively will move the motor displacement towards maxi-
towards maximum: High Torque - Low Speed mum providing low speed
mode. During travel the travel motor will engage
low speed if the spool (2) moves across which

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

1.5. Motor begins to overrun and pressure falls on

supply side: This causes counterbalance valve to
begin to close and throttle return flow from motor.

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

1.6. Motor begins to overrun and pressure falls on

supply side: This causes counterbalance valve to
begin to close and throttle return to flow motor.
Pressure line in return line rises providing a brak-
ing torque.

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

1.7. Travel Motor Performance.

1.7.1 High Torque - Low Speed.

q represents motor maximum displacement

angle (usually 35o), Fr represents the radial force
developed by the hydraulic oil pressure which in
turn develops the corresponding driving or brak-
ing torque.
q Where a high starting torque is required the oper-
ation of the travel creep solenoid valve will move
the motor into this mode via the torque speed
control valve at the motor.
q The same action will occur automatically when
the motor load pressure due to the opposing
torque reaches the setting of the torque speed
control valve.
q In an overrun situation the rise in pressure in the
motor return line as the counterbalance valve
closes will also increase and provide an effective
braking torque.

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

1.7.2 Low Torque - High Speed.

q represents motor minimum displacement

angle (usually about 5 to 7o). Fr represents the
radial force developed by the hydraulic oil pres-
sure which in turn develops the corresponding
driving or braking torque.
Motor size:
31 - 107cm3 / rev for machines rated at 35 kph.

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

2. Travel Pedal

2.1. Travel Pedal valve.

2.2. Travel Pedal: Located to the extreme right of the

steering column on the floor of the Operators
cab, a proportional valve when activated controls
the flow of oil to the travel motor.

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3. Forward / Neutral / Reverse Switch (F-N-R)

3.1. F-N-R Switch Schematic NOTE: Machine cannot be started unless the switch
. is in the neutral position.
The signals of this switch go to the controller and the
controller operates the travel Neutral solenoid and
the travel Forward/Reverse solenoid.

F/N/R Status Table

FNR Signal
Status
F N R

0 0 0 N (Error)

0 0 1 N

0 1 0 R

0 1 1 N (Error)

1 0 0 F

1 0 1 N (Error)

1 1 0 N (Error)

1 1 0 N (Error)

3.2. F-N-R Switch: Located on the front of the RH

control lever, this rocker type switch determines
whether the travel direction is forward, reverse or
neutral.

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

4. Forward / Reverse Travel Solenoid

4.1. Forward / Reverse Travel Solenoid Schematic

4.2. Forward / Reverse Travel Solenoid: Located on

the 4-stage solenoid block in the service com-
partment to the rear of the operators cab. This
device controls the travel motor direction (for-
ward or reverse) by a signal from the F-N-R
switch.
Solenoid energised ~Forward or Reverse. Travel
is engaged, this is interlocked with the travel neu-
tral solenoid. If travel Reverse is selected, con-
troller drives this valve and travel PPC pressure
spool is reversed.

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

5. Travel / Neutral Solenoid.

V06

5.1. Travel Neutral Solenoid Schematic.

5.2. Travel Neutral Solenoid: Located on the 7-

stage solenoid manifold in the service compart-
ment beneath the main control valve. This device
interlocks with the forward / reverse solenoid to
give supply pressure to the foot pedal control
valve.
Solenoid active - PPC pressure to foot valve
Solenoid inactive - No pressure to foot valve
If the travel neutral signal is selected the control-
ler doesn’t drive this solenoid so no PPC travel.

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

6. Travel Creep Solenoid.

V07

6.1. Travel Creep Solenoid Schematic.

6.2. Travel Creep Solenoid: Located on the 7-stage

solenoid manifold in the service compartment
located beneath the main control valve. When Travel Mode Travel Speed
this device is activated ’CREEP’ mode is Creep Solenoiid
Selected (kph)
selected and travel speed, sends PPC pressure
to port X on travel motor ensure ttravel motor On Creep 0 - 2.2
stays at maximum displacement. Off Low 0 - 8.8
Off High 0 - 30
Off Auto 0 - 30

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

7. 2-Stage Relief Solenoid.

V02

7.1. 2-Stage Relief Solenoid Schematic.

7.2. 2-Stage Relief Solenoid: Located on the 7-stage q Operating condition for turning on 2-stage relief
solenoid manifold in the service compartment function.
beneath the main control valve. This device is
activated when the forward / reverse travel sole-
noid is selected.
q The relief pressure in the normal working mode
is 31.9 Mpa (325 kg/cm2 ). If the 2-stage relief
function is turned on, however, the relief pres-
sure rises to about 34.8 MPa (355 kg/cm2).
By this operation, the hydraulic force is increased
further

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

Condition Relief pressure

During travel 31.9 Mpa

When swing lock switch is turned on (325 kg/cm2)

When boom is lowered

When one-touch power maximizing 34.8 Mpa

function is turned on. (355 kg/cm2)
When L mode is operated

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

8. Transmission Clutch Control Valve

8.1. Transmission Clutch Control Valve Schematic.

8.2. Hi / Lo Solenoid Valve: Located on the 2-stage

solenoid block in the service compartment
beneath the main control valve. This device is Solenoid On Lo 0 - 8.8 kph
activated when ‘HI or ’LO’ speeds are selected. Solenoid Off Hi 0 - 30 kph *

* : To max speed

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

9. Solenoid Valves & Pressure Switches

6 station solonoid block

6 5 4 3 2 1

Solenoid Valves

1 PPC hyd pressure lock () 4 Suspension lock valve

2 2 stage relief (see page 10-219) 5 Travel neutral (see page 10-217)

3 Swing brake 6 Travel creep (see page 10-218)

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STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & MAINTENANCE STANDARD TRAVEL SYSTEM

4 & 2 station solonoid blocks, manifold block.

1 2

6
9
7

10

8 11

12

13

14
4 3

15

4 Station solenoid block

16

17

Manifold block

2 Station solenoid block

Solenoid Valves Pressure Switches

1 Boom / Stabilizer Down 6 Travel reverse

2 Forward / Reverse Travel 7 Travel forward

3 Boom / Stabilizer Up 8 Boom / Stabilizer Down

4 Rotate - CW / ACW 9 Boom / Stabilizer Up

5 Hi / Lo 10 Bucket dig

11 Bucket dump

12 Swing left

13 Swing right

14 Arm dump

15 Arm dig

16 Boom retract

17 Boom extend

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