Volcano - is a mountain that is disclosed downward Dormant Volcano- It is an active volcano that is

to a pool of molten rock beneath the surface of the not erupting, but it supposed to erupt again.
earth and whenever pressure builds up, the
eruptions occur. Ex. Mauna Kea in Hawaii and Mount Fuji in Japan

Structure of the Earth Extinct Volcano- It means it hasn't erupted in a

very long time, so it probably won't ever erupt
Crust again.
* Outer layer of the earth
* Thickness- 5km to 70km Ex. Deccan Traps in India and Mount Kalimanjaro
in Tanzania
Mantle
* The mantle makes up about 85% of the Earth's Classification (Shapes)
weight Shield Volcano- are shaped like a shield or a bowl
* Second Layer in the middle with long gentle slopes made by the
* Thickness- Around 2900km's lava flows. In this type the magma is too runny so
* Silicate rocks the gas moves away easily and the magma simply
Outer Core comes out of the mountain and flows down the
* Very Hot sides.
* Thickness- around 2300km's Ex. Mount Etna in Hawaii
* Made up of hot liquid Nickel and Iron
* It creates magnetic field and makes a blockade Composite Volcano- These are steep-sided
around the earth volcanoes and composed of many layers of volcanic
rocks that are usually made from the thick sticky
Inner core lava, rock debris and ash. In this type, magma is
* Made up of solid Nickel and Iron thick ang gluey so gas cannot escape and builds up,
* Thickness- around 2400km's until it explodes sending huge clouds of burning
* Hot as Sun- Over 5000 degrees C rocks and gas.
* Temperature- 4982C - 7204C
Ex. Mount Cotopaxi in Equador and Mount Fuji in
Tectonic Plates- tectonic plates are around 62 miles Japan.
thick. They are floating on the top of liquid mantle
very slowly. Cinder Cone Volcano- These are oval or circular
cones and made from erupting lava that breaks into
Magma- Hot melted material that comes out of small pieces when it shoots into the air.The small
Earth. pieces falls back to the land , they cool and creates
Lava- the red liquid that is coming out from the cinder around the vent.
volcano. Ex. Parícutin in Mexico and Mauna Kea in Hawaii
3 Types of Volcano Volcano Lava Dome- build up by viscous magma,
Active Volcano- In this, eruption can be anytime being flared up effusively onto the shallow and the
and often. stacking up around the vent.

Ex. Mount Vesuvius in Italy and Sakurajima in Ex. Katla Lava in Iceland and Lassen Peak in US
Japan.
Largest Volcanoes in the World
10. Mount Mazama Oregon, USA
To start this top, we have to warn you about this
volcano’s dimensions, which are unimaginable. It
has 8156 feet in height, this volcano is not so visible
because the main attraction from this area is the
beautiful landscape which has big lake.
Inactive Volcano, 8156 ft.
9. Paricutín, México
This volcano is placed in Michoacan, Mexico and
it’s considered as one of the World’s natural
wonders, also it’s known as the youngest from the
American continent because it was formed in 1943.
Cinder Cone Volcano and Extinct, 9200 ft.
Crater Size- 660 ft wide.
8. Mount Tambora, Indonesia
This volcano is placed in Sumbawa, Indonesia and
reaches 9350 feet above the sea levels. Besides its
height, this huge wonder has the title for the biggest
volcanic eruption ever registered.
Active Volcano, 9350 ft.
7. Mount Etna, Sicilia, Italia
Now, we go straight to Sicilia, Italy, to meet this
amazing volcano that reaches a height of 10925 feet
above the sea level, characteristic that makes this
the highest active volcano all around the Eurasian
plaque.
Most Active Volcano, 10925 ft.
6. Ichinsky, Russia
Situated in one of the coldest countries, we find this
enormous geographic construction. It’s obviously
located in Russia, to the far east of the Kamchatka’s
peninsula to be exact. Highest according to the
volume area of approximately 110 cubic miles.
Inactive Volcano, 11834 ft.
5. Mauna Loa, Hawaii
And, evidently, if we want to talk about volcanoes
we can’t stop mentioning Hawaii, and it’s because
Mauna Loa, which in Hawaiian means “large
mountain”, is one of the five volcanoes that
conform it. Considered as one of the biggest
volcano in earth in volume reaching 17996 cubic
miles,
Active Volcano, 13678 ft
4. Tamu Massif
Unlike most of the volcanoes in this top, this is
located under the Pacific Ocean at the east of Japan,
it’s worth mentioning it has a height of 14620 feet
tall and it’s considered as the biggest volcano ever
discovered.
Extinct Volcano, 14620 ft.
3. Black Mountain, México
Returning to the ground, in Puebla, Mexico, we find
another volcano with more than 15026 feet above
the sea level.This giant occupies the 5th place of the
highest summit in the country.
Extinct Volcano, 15026 ft.
2. Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia
Getting closer to the first place, we encounter a
volcano placed in the center of Colombia, at a
height of 17457 feet above the sea level. One of its
characteristics is its geological formation, which is
covered mostly by glacier. It has been active for
more that 2 million years. Armero Tragedy.
Active Volcano, 17457 ft.
1. Ojos del Salado, Chile - Argentina
And in the first place, we find the heights volcano
reaching 22910 feet above the sea level,
measurement that qualifies it not only as the highest
volcano in the world but also as the second highest
summit of the whole occident.