MUSIC GENRE AS PREDICTOR OF PERSONALITY

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A Research Paper Presented to the Senior High School Department of

St. Jaime Hilario School – De La Salle Bataan
Bagac, Bataan

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In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Grade 12 Curriculum Research in Daily Life II

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by
Estefaniechen Guevarra
Janre De Guzman
Lemmor Vitug

September 2019
 APPROVAL SHEET

This research paper titled “MUSIC GENRE AS PREDICTOR OF PERSONALITY”

prepared and submitted by ESTEFANIECHEN GUEVARRA, JANRE DE GUZMAN
AND LEMMOR VITUG in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Grade 12
Curriculum: Research in Daily Life II has been examined and is recommended for
acceptance and approval for research proposal Oral Examination.

Research Paper Committee

MR. JOHN RAINER L. PULVERA
Chair

MS. JOSIE ANN TAMAÑO MR. BRYAN EXEL SUMUGAT

Member Member

MRS. NANCY DIVINA

Member

MRS. GRACE DEL ROSARIO

Research Mentor

PANEL OF EXAMINERS
Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination as Passed with
[] no revisions [] minor revisions [] major revisions in September 2019.
MR. JOHN RAINER L. PULVERA
Chair

MS. JOSIE ANN TAMAÑO MR. BRYAN EXEL SUMUGAT

Member Member

MRS. NANCY DIVINA

Member

MRS. GRACE DEL ROSARIO

Research Mentor
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page i

Approval Sheet ii

Table of Contents iii

Chapters

1. THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Introduction 1

Review of Related Literature 4

Theoretical Framework 9

Statement of the Problem 15

Objectives of the Study 15

Significance of Study 15

Scope and Limitations 15

2. METHOD

Research Design 17

Research Locale 17

Research Respondents 17

Data Gathering Procedure 18

Research Instruments 18

Treatment of Data 20
 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Personality reflects what you are saying and doing. Based on the study written by
Padlyalpattani (2015), personality essentially defines who you are. Your behavior
represents your character and tells how you are distinct from others. The personality of an
individual is a complex mental property that makes them unique from other people. It
includes all the patterns of thoughts and emotions that make us do things and say things in
a particular way. Values, beliefs and expectations that are possessed by an individual are
also vivified by our personality. Increasing number of studies suggest factors that affects
shaping of personality. One of these is psychological factors that includes our ability to
observe, perceive and imagine, intellectual capacity, our way of reasoning and our acquired
interests. (Padlyalpattani, 2015).
Since media age has dominated the world, music is presently readily available in
every culture. Individuality has never been so autonomous and universal at the same
moment. Individual interests have been expressed in music based on their setting,
background and separate discernments. (Knowles, 2013). In this advance world, music has
been widespread that can be heard in different areas such as public malls, parks, groceries
and others. We are constantly subjected to music without necessarily wanting to hear it,
apart from actively selecting to experience music through the radio, going to concerts or
otherwise. Undeniably, it is impossible to get away from music. Music has influenced
almost our everyday actions and even our emotions. According to Hippler (2011), music
is ingrained part of contemporary world thus, a part of our identity. Upon frequent listening
to music comes the idea of how it affects the masses and an individual. (Hippler, 2011).
With all the type of music a person listens to, connections our believed to influence one’s
personality, behavior or thinking.
It takes just a few seconds to hear a song to determine whether or not the music is
pleasurable. This is an indication that music has its own distinctive flavor for individuals.
(Tartu, 2016). According to Treacy (2013), our music preferences could influence other
aspects of our lives, for instance our ability to cope, or even impact our perceptions of our
abilities in other areas, such as academia. Our personalities have long been a subject of
concern to psychologists, and the differences discovered between each and every
individual. It seems almost redundant to state that personality variables affect our musical
preferences. (Treacy, 2013).

Commented [LV1]: Why is there a need for this study to

be conducted in our school?
 Review of Related Literature

Doctor Justin Wildridge (October 2018), believes that music has its big role in
human beings' lifestyles. He said that even before there was no technology or
advancements, music has been wildly created. It says that music was discovered in the
very beginning where ancient ancestors used their voice to talk. The production of the noise
that they made has tempo, dynamic and pitch thus considering it the first-time music was
born.
Music has different uses in our contemporary society, even though it has may
purposes. Music can be used in mood enhancement. This can also be a type of relief from
diversion and stress. It can also be used in various medical instances that need this sort of
therapeutic therapy, not only with enjoyment. (Aloisio, Tång & Reeta Pesonen, 2015)
Personality can be defined in many ways. The word personality originated from
the Latin term “persona” which means making a sound of a character, a mask worn.
Personality is a condition of different organized human traits, and related traits that forms
personality type (Eysenck, 1967). Hans Eysenck, a German psychologist used factor
analysis in identifying primary divisions which are extraversion and neuroticism, later
added another which is psychoticism - Three Factor Theory. (K. Cherry, June 2019).
Based on the journal written by Leonid Perlovsky titled "The Personality of Music
Genres" it is stated that Rentfrow, Goldberg and Levitin (2011) analyzed the musical
preference and its structure that resulted into having five factors. Langmeyer, Rudan and
Tarnai (2016) conducted a study and found out that it is possible to see individual's
personality by their choice of music. They used the Big Five model and was guided by the
music preference made by the team of Goldberg. Leonid Perlovsky gathered different
research materials for his study titled “The Personality of Music Genres”. One of them is
written by Rentfrow, Goldberg and Levitin (2011,) according to their analyzation there are
5 typology of music preferences. There are the following: (1) the mellow factor which
compromise smooth and relaxing music (2) unpretentious factor which compromise a
variety of country, singer-songwriter music (3) sophisticated factor covering complex,
intelligent, inspiring style (classical) (4) intense factor defined by loud, forceful, energetic
(punk) (5) then contemporary factor defined by rhythmic and percussive music (rock).
Leonid also used a research than by Lang Meyer, Rudan, Tarnia (2016) assist reference.
The team of Lang Meyer found out that we can see individual’s personality by their choice
of music. They use the Borg Five Model or what is known as the OCEAN; Openness to
experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and Neuroticism, and was
guided by the typology of music preferences made by the team of Rentfrow to come up
with this conclusion. Indeed, they found that music preferences can be an indicator of one’s
personality. Allport defined personality as "dynamic organization within an individual of
those psycho-physical system that determine the unique adjustment to his environment."
(1948) These definitions are complex ideas that deals everything about human beings.
Personality is not just a collection of traits but a complex structure thus the personality
type. (Saverna and Ganesha Bhata, 2016)
Statement of the Problem
Exposure to similar genres in most days of a humans’ lives tells something about
things they gradually acquire, adapt and develop into a part of their personality. From these
ideas, music could be a possible predictor of one’s personality type. The study sought to
answer the following questions:
a. Can one’s preference in music be a predictor of their personality?
b. Do choices of genre tell someone’s level of extraversion and introversion?

Research Hypothesis
The researchers hypothesized that if the person listens to aggressive, upbeat or
energetic type of music, are more extroverted, if the student listens to classical types, he/she
is more likely to be introverted and all that listens to genres in between relaxing and
aggressive are more likely to be ambivert.

Research Objectives
The research sought to achieve the following objectives:
a. To identify the number of students who are likely to be introvert and extrovert
b. To identify the top 3 personality types based on the test thing.

Scope and Limitation

The respondents will only limit to the Grade 10 population of St. Jaime Hilario
School- De La Salle Bataan. The researchers ought to prove that music preferences can
really tell the level of their extraversion. The researchers chose the Grade 10 students
because these students are technically the oldest from all junior high school students and,
they are much more aware of what type of music they expose themselves.
 Chapter 2

METHOD

This part of the research will discuss the following: research design, research locale,
research respondents, data gathering procedure and treatment of data that will help the
researchers in accomplishing the research.

Research Design
This research will use quantitative – exploratory approach. This process will
discover the correlation of music preferences to the extroversion of the students through
analyzation of data.

Research Locale
The researchers will conduct this study in St. Jaime Hilario School - De La Salle
Bataan. A school built in 2006 and currently has a population of 600+, including students,
faculty and staff members. The said school is located in Sitio Looc, Banawang, Bagac,
Bataan.

Research Respondents
The respondents will be students from Section A and B of the Grade 10 in St. Jaime
Hilario - DLSB. The students are currently enrolled in the school year 2019-2020.

Data Gathering Procedure

Permission will be asked from the advisers, subject teachers and an oral consent
from the participants. The survey will be given to them and will probably consume more
or less 20 minutes.
Research Instruments
The survey questionnaire will consist of the following parts: Demographic Check
which consists of age and sex, Music Preferences that presents 5 choices of typology; (1)
the mellow factor, (2) unpretentious factor, (3) sophisticated factor, (4) intense factor and,
(5) then contemporary factor. Each description will be provided on the questionnaire and
MBTI test that has 20 questions aiming to identify whether he/she is an introvert or an
extrovert.
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