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2019 wf.daia;=
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contents
ckdêm;s
t,jkak fkfjhs f;darkak Pkafo fokak 04 - 05 udj;
Pkaoh iy úl,amh 06 - 07
m%fndaO r;akdhl
2019 ck;djf.a isysk ckdêm;sjrhd ljqo@ 08 - 10

78
issysk ckdêm;sg m%Yak m;%hla 11 - 13 jHjia:dj wkqj wm
uyue;sjrKfha§
W;=rg ke;s uy rcdfKda 14 - 15 ksfhdað;hka f,i 225
fofkl= md¾,sfïka;=jg m;alr
wd.ñl kS;s whs;sjdislï j,g hghs 16- 17 ksfhdað; m%cd;ka;%jdoh l%shd;aul
lr .kakd w;r ckdêm;sjrKfha§
kS;sfha l¨ i¿ bj;a l< hq;af;a wehs@ 18 - 20 úOdhl ckdêm;sjrfhl=
m;alrf.k tu m%cd;ka;%jdoh
uqia,sï kS;sh .ek fláfhka 21
w;aysgqjd .kS'
Y%S ,xldfõ <ud újdy 22 - 24
md¾,sfïka;=j m%cd;ka;%jd§
jHqyhla hehs wm mjikafka wehs@
lú msgqj 25 ir, WodyrKhla f,i fï Èkj,
udOH u.ska ks;r fmkajk fldama
we;a;u uqia,sï m%Yakh 26 - 28 lñgqfõ úu¾Yk foi n,kak'
tys iNdm;sjrhd ck;d úuqla;s
uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido mk; ixfYdaOkh fmruqfKa iqks,a y`ÿkafk;a;s
lsÍu i|yd m;alrk ,o lñgqfjys ks¾foaY 29 uka;%Sjrhdh' lñgq idudðlhka
w;r ohdisß chfialr" uyskaodkkao
fï uqia,sï wef.a y`vhs 30 31 w¨‍;a.u‍f.a jeks úmlaI uka;%Sjreka
isák nj fmfka' Tjqka w;ska oeä
brKug tfrys .eyekqkaf.a wr.,h 32 - 33 m%Yak lsÍïj,g ,lajkafka rdcH
wdh;k iy wdKavqfõ l%shdldÍ;ajhs'
19 rgg Ydmhlao@ 34 - 35
mdial= bßod m%ydrh iïnkaOfhka
m%udo ù ,enqKq hqla;sh 36 - 37 l%shd;aul jk úfYaI ldrl
iNdj o tjekakls' tys úúO mlaI
rfÜ rdcH fiajh ldgo@ 38 - 39 iy úúO woyia ksfhdackh lrk
lñgq idudðlhka isák w;r
Tjqka ;ukaf.a idïm%odhsl mlaI
N+ñldfjka neyerj úu¾Yk lghq;=
isÿ lrkq olakg ,efí' woyiaj,
WmfoaYl l¾;D - kS;s{ m%fndaO r;akdhl ;sfnk úúO;ajh ksidu we;eï úg
l¾;D uKav,h- reúks wfhaId ìh.u" chks wfífialr fï lñgq idudðlhka w;r úixjdo
we;s jkq olakg ,efí' óg wu;rj
.%e*sla ks¾udK yd msgq ieliqï - frdIdka fikr;a
ixjdo" úixjdo" Pkao úuiSu" uv

.eiSï" .y.ekSï" l=Kqyrem" kskaohEï jeks wmf.a
tÈfkod Ôú;fha ;sfnk ish¨‍ fyd`o krl tf,u
wmj ksfhdackh jk md¾,sfïka;=j ;=<;a ;sfnkq we;'
th wm f;areï .; hq;af;a uyckhdf.au m%ldYkhla
f,ihs'
úOdhl ckdêm;sjrhdo uyck Pkaofhka
m%cd;ka;%jd§j m;ajqj;a th jHqyd;aulju
l%shd;aul jkafka md¾,sfïka;=jg by<ska isák ;ks
mqoa.,fhl=f.a wNsu;h mßÈh' 19 jk ixfYdaOkfhka
fuys hï wdlD;suh fjkila isÿ jqjo úOdhl
ckdêm;sjrfhl= yd neÿk ck uki ;ju fjkia ù
fkdue;'
rfÜ miq.sh ld,fha meje;=k m%cd;ka;%jd§
wjldYh ksid fujr ckdêm;sjrKh wdrïNfha isgu
újD; igkla ù we;' wjika igkg m%Odk mlaIj,ska
wfmalaIlhka ;=ka-y;r fofkl= mjd bÈßm;a ùug
bvla mj;sk w;r mlaIj,g iïnkaO fkdue;s
úl,am wfmalaIlhka lsysmfofkl=o hï ixjdohla
we;s lrñka isà' fuh m%cd;ka;%jdoh w;ska b;d
iqNodhl fohls'
fï fudfydf;a§ wfmalaIlhd ljqo hkak udOH
úiska biau;= lrk ,o m%Yakhla ñi ienE f,iu
jeo.;a m%Yakhla fkdfõ' ue;sjrKh i`oyd ;j
ld,hla mj;S' udOH úiska biau;= lrk wfmalaIlhska
ljqo hk ldrKh yuqfõ u. yefrkafka wfmalaIlhska
ljqreka jqj;a l< hq;af;a l=ula o hk w;sYh jeo.;a
m%Yakhhs'
miq.sh w;aoelSï wkqj wfma Pkaoodhlhskaf.ka
;SrKd;aul fldgila jk ;reK Pkao iy wúksYaÑ;
Pkao fndfyda úg Pkaoh Ndú;d lrkafka úfrdaOh
m%ldY lsÍug ñi ksjerÈ foa Èkùug fkdfõ' th tu
msßfia jrola fkdfõ' ukao Èkúh hq;= ksjerÈ foa
l=ulao hkak iEu úgu wjq,a iy.; ksidh' tys je/oao
we;af;a ksYaÑ; jevms<sfj,la iudc .; lr.ekSug
fkdyels isú,a iudc iy foaYmd,k md¾Yajhka
fj;h' Pkaoh yqÿ úfrdaOh fjkqfjka Ndú;d fkdlr
ksYaÑ; m%;sm;a;shla Èkùu fjkqfjka Ndú;d lsÍug
nyq;rhla yqre lsÍug kï f.or jev úYd, m%udKhla
isÿ l< hq;=h' úfYaIfhkau isú,a iudch f,i wm
bÈßm;a lrk m%;sixialrK iudcfha ;=< ckm%sh tajd
fkdfõ' ta ckm%sh fkdjk m%;sixialrK ue;sjrK
fõÈldj,ska .e,ùhdug úYd, bvla mj;S' ta ms<sn`oj
y`vdjeà m,la ke;' ta ksid fï ld,fha wfmalaIlhka
miq miq ÿjñka isákjd fjkqjg wm fhdackd lrk
m%;sixialrK ksrjq,aj iudchg bÈßm;a fldg tu.ska
fï wfmalaIlhkag oefkk f,i n,mEula l< yelsh'
wfmalaIlhska ljqreka jqj;a weue;sh hq;= fmdÿ
ldrKd flfrys fujr iuìu wjOdkh fhduq
lrkafka ta ksidh' tu fmdÿ lreKq ;j;a j¾Okh
úh hq;= w;r th isÿ l< hq;af;a iuìu lshjk Tn
úiskah' ckdêm;s udj; m%cd;ka;%jdoh w;ska hym;a
fohla fkdfõ ta ksid fujr ckdêm;sjrKh foi wm
ne,sh hq;af;a md¾,sfïka;= m%cd;ka;%jdoh Yla;su;a
lr .ekSfï udj;la f,iskah' •
3
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
z
we;a;u
uqia,ï
s m%Yk
a h
mdial= m%ydrfhka miqj uqia,sï iudch foi
oeä úfrdaOhla t,a, jQ w;r tu úfrdaOfha ;snQ
mokï úrys; ldrKd rdYshla miq.sh iuìu
l,dmj,ska wm idlÉPdjg ,la lrk ,§' tu
ckm%sh uqia,sï úfrdaOh yuqfõ hgm;a ùug ;snQ
m%Odk ldrKhla kï miq.sh jir ;syl muK
ld,hl isg isú,a iudch m%.;sYs,S uqia,sï m%cdj
iy uqia,sï ldka;djka tlaj f.k .sh uqia,sï
újdy iy Èlalido kS;sfha m%;sixialrKh
ms<sn`o ixjdohhs' th rfÜ mj;sk fm!oa.,sl
kS;s" fmdÿ kS;shg hg;a úh hq;=h hk mq¿,a
ixjdofhau fldgils'
bia,dï wd.u f,dal YsIagdpdrhg ;¾ckhla
f,i kHdh.; l< whf.ka m%uqLia:dkhla
ieuqfj,a yxá.agkag ysñfõ' f,dalh YsIagpdr
kjhlg fjka lrk Tyq" tys§ mjid isákafka
m%Odku foaYmd,ksl .egqu f.dvkef.
kafka ngysr yd ngysr fkdjk YsIagdpdr
w;r njhs' tys§o bia,dï YsIagdpdrh Tyq wka
ljr YsIagdpdrhlg;a jvd i;=re fohla f,i
idlÉPd lrhs' yxá.agkaf.a fï ;¾lh ckm%sh
uqia,sï úfrdaOhg o moku ilikq ,nhs' fï
iïnkaOfhka —bia,ï wka;jdoh - YsIagdpdr w;r
.egqulao@ YsIagdpdrh we;=<; .egqulao@˜ f,iska
,smshla iïmdokh lrk úÿr m%Nd;a uqKisxy iy
fl!I,Hd wdßhr;ak thg hï ixhqla; ms<s;=rla
,nd fohs' úfYaIfhkau bia,dóh iudchkays
uOHia: yd uQ,O¾ujd§ uqia,sïjreka w;r mj;sk
wm%ldYs; .egqfï§ uOHia: uqi,audkqj flfrys
ixfõ§ fjñka lghq;= lsÍu b;d jeo.;a nj tys§
Tjqka wjOdrKh lrhs'
whs;sjdislï ms<sno l;sldjg uqia,sï iudch
tla lr .ekSu b;d jeo.;a iy m%uqL;u fohla
f,i i,lk iuìu by; i`oyka l< uqia,sï
kS;s m%;sixialrKg wod< ixjdoh i`oyd fujr
ie,lsh hq;= bvla fjkalr we;' wmg ckm%sh
uqia,sï úfrdaOhg tfrys úh yelafla isxy,
iudch fï ixjdohg tla lr .;fyd;a mu‚' •
4
jir y;rlska miqj ue;sjrKhl WKqiqu ,.
,.u oefkñka mj;skafka 19 jk wdKavql%u
jHjia:d ixfYdaOkfhka miqj wju úOdhl n,;,
hgf;a ìysjk m%:u ckdêm;sOqrh fjkqfjkah' fï
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

jkúg fmdÿck fmruqfKa ckdêm;s wfmalaIlhd

iy wjqreÿ úiailska miqj ck;d úuqla;s
fmruqfKa wfmalaIlfhl=o ckdêm;sjrKh i|yd
m%ldYhg m;a lr ;sfnkafkah' rfÜ m%cd;dka;%sl
m%;sixialrKhka" ixys|shdj" idOdrK;ajh /l
.ekSu Wfoid fï wjia:dfõ mqrjeishdf.a yd
isú,a iudcfha ld¾hNdrh jkafka l=ulao hkak
ms<snoj idlÉPd lsÍug ziuìfï reúksZ fcHIaG
isú,a iudc l%shdOrfhla jk zúu,a m%kdkaÿZ iu`.
ixjdo.; úh'

2015 ka miafia m%:u j;djg

ckdêm;sjrKhlg ;u Pkaoh

t,jkak fkfjhs
mdúÉÑ lrk Pkao odhlfhda
ñ,shkhlg jvd we;s lsh,d

f;darkak
uu ys;kjd' fï w¨‍;a mrïmrdj
fldfyduo fï ue;sjrKh Èyd
n,kafka lshk tl jeo.;a' ta
f.d,af,da olskjo fjkila'

Pkafo fokak
úu,a m%kdkaÿ
ckdêm;sjrKh i|yd fujr
úúO;ajhlska hq;= wfmalaIlfhd
lsysm fofkla bÈßm;a fj,d fkao@
ckdêm;sjrKh i|yd úúO
j¾.fha wfmalaIfhda bÈßm;a
fj,d ;shkjd' Tjqka úúOhs
;uhs ta;a úúO j¾.fha fkfuhs'
oekg m%Odk wfmalaIlhka
f,i m%ldY fj,d ;sfhkafka
f.daGdNh iy wkqr ú;rhs'
iuyr úg fï mqj;am; msgfjk
fj,dj fjkfldg ta .Kk
;=kafofkla fj,d ;sfhhs' ta;a
fndfydaúg ið;a fyda rks,a
fjkak mq¿jka' fï ;=kafokdu
tlu j¾.fha úúO mqoa.,fhda'
kuq;a thd,f.aa fjkila ;shkjd'
rks,a" ið;a" f.daGdNh foaYmd,k
mjq,a j,ska wdmq whhs' ta wkqj
fï fjoaÈ mdrïmßl foaYmd,k
mjq,a folla ksfhdackh fjk
úÈhg wfmalaIlhka bÈßm;a
ùug kshñ;hs' fï mdrïmßl
foaYmd,k mjq,a j,g bia
biafi,a,du wNsfhda. lf,a
fÊ ù mS tlhs' ckdêm;s
wfmalaIl;ajh ;ju mdrïmßl
Wreulrejkaf.ka wE;a ùula
fmfkkakg keye' wkqr ta
iïm%odhg wysfhda. lrmq flkd
ksid ta w;ska thd fjkia' wfma
rfÜ f,dl=u m%Yakh fj,d ;sfhk
ckjd¾.sl m%Yakh .ek fï ;=ka
fokd fudk ;rï ixfõ§o lshk
ldrKh u; ;uhs fï whf.a
úúO;ajh ;SrKh lrkak mq¨jka
fjkafka' ksoyia idOdrK
mj;sk kS;sh wkqj iduldó
;;a;ajhhla ;sífnd;a ckm%sh
flkd ckdêm;sjrhd úÈhg m;a
fõú' nyqmd¾Yaúl m%cd;ka;%jdoh
lshkafka ´lgfka" tal ck;d
mrudêm;Hfhau fldgila'
wjqreÿ .Kkdjla ue;sjrK
ksÍlaIKfha fhÿKq flfkla
yeáhg fï ue;sjrKfhÈ Pkao
odhlhkaf. yeisÍu fldfydu
fjhs lsh,o ys;kafka@
Pkao odhlhkaf.a yeisÍu
.ek l;d lroaÈ w¨;a Pkao
ál b;d jeo.;a' úfYaIfhka
taflka wmsg ys;d.kak mq¿jka
w¨‍;a mrïmrdj fldhs ;rï
fjkia Pkao odhlfhdao lsh,d'
thd,;a ;d;a;,d .sh mdfru
hkjo lshk tl fï ue;sjrK
m%;sM,fhka wmg n,d.kak
mq¿jka fõú' fïlg miafia
wksjd¾hfhkau md¾,sfïka;=
Pkaohla tkjd' bÈßhg fjk
foaYmd,k fjki fudk jf.ao
lshk tl .ek ta ksid oekg m%ldY
lr,d ;shk wfmalaIlfhda Èyd
n,,d ug lshkak neye' yenehs
wfma rfÜ ;sfhk foaYmd,k
m%pKav;ajh hqoaOh bjr fjoaÈ
wvq fj,d ;sfhkjd' óg;a jvd
YS>%fhka wvqlr .kak mq¿jkalu
uyskaog ;snqK;a tal lf<a keye'
uyskao ;=kafjks mdr;a tkak
n,df.k ta NSIKh mj;ajd
f.k .shd' tafla yjq,aldrhd
f.daGdNh' fldfyduyß oeka
iuyr isxy, cd;sljdÈ ixúOdk
ys;df.k bkakjd uqia,sï m%Yakh"
mdial= m%ydrh w,a,f.k tal
f.kshkak mq¿jka lsh,d' talg
fok jpkh cd;sl wdrlaIdj'
tal ;uhs ,iaik jpkh' ;j;a
msßila 71 bo,d ;snqkq idïm%odhsl
kdhl;ajhg wìfhda. lrkjd
zWkq;a tlhs uqkq;a tlhsZ lsh,d'
oeka wkqrf.a wd.ukh;a lshkak

.;a;d zWkq;a fydre" uqkq;a fydre
;=kafjks wh;a fydreZ lsh,d'
yenehs tal wkqr,g lshkak neye
lshk tlhs uf.a u;h'
wfma rfÜ ñksiaiq Pkaoh
fokak mqreÿ fj,d bkafka
flfklaj f;darkak fkfuhs"
bkak flfklaj t<jkak
5
fï fj,dfõ fydou ckdêm;s
f;dard .ekSu i|yd fyd|u
o¾Ylh fjkafka wfma rfÜ iq¿
ck fldgia" iq¿ wd.ñl fldgia

iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

fï yeufoau tlal Pkao
odhlhkaf.a yeisÍu fudk jf.a
fjhso lshk tl .ek ug ksYaÑ; w¾:l:khla fï
fj,dfj fokak neye'
2015 ka miqj rfÜ ie,lsh hq;= m%cd;dka;%sl fjkila
isÿ jqkd lsh, Tn ys;kjo@
2015 ckdêm;sjrKfhÈ ÿkak m%;s{d iy 19
fjks ixfYdaOkh fï jkúg ck;djg ,eì,d
;sfhkjd' kuq;a m%cd;ka;%jd§ fldaKhlska ie,lsh
hq;= fjkila isÿ jqfk;a keye' úúO idOkSh
m%;s{djka ÿkak ckdêm;s flfkla ;ukaf.a
wkd.; foaYmd,k ðú;h wdrlaId lrf.k j¾.h
ixj¾Okh lSÍfï n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka fï fjoaÈ
jev lrñka bkakjd' rks,a yd wdKavqj 2015 ÿkak
m%;s{d hï úÈhlska bgq l<d' kuq;a thdf.a u;h
wd¾Ól ixj¾Okh ksid ksrdhdifhka iudch
m%cd;ka;%jd§ fjkjd lshk tlhs' hqoaOh wjidk
fjkj;a tlalu iudch hï úÈhlg iqrlaIs;
jqk;a tjlg n,fha ysgmq uyskao
rdcmlaI tal we;s lf<a keye' ta
ksihs Tyqj ck;dj merÿfõ' fï fï fj,dfõ fydou ckdêm;s udkjysñlï l%shdOrhska yeáhg
fjoaÈ iudcfha hï m%cd;ka;%jdÈ f;dard .ekSu i|yd fyd|u lsisfia;au wkqu; lrkafka keye'
fjkila isÿfj,d ;shkjd kï o¾Ylh fjkafka wfma rfÜ
tafl f.!rjh ,nd Èh hq;af;a iq¿ ck fldgia" iq¿ wd.ñl Tjqka jvd;a m%cd;ka;%jdÈhs lsh,d
miq.sh ckdêm;sjrKfhaÈ iy fldgia .ek fï wfmalaIlfhda úYajdihla ;shkak fyd| keye'
md¾,sfïka;= ue;sjrKfhaÈ uyskao ork iqyo;djfha m%udKhhs
rdcmlaI we;=¿ kvh mroaomq
Pkaoodhlhkaghs'
fï fjoaÈ wfma rfÜ wêlrK iajdëk;ajh
.ek ;snqKq ye.Su yqÕdla Yla;su;aj f.dv ke.s,d
;shkjd' WmßudêlrK j,g we.s,s .eiSfï iïm%odh
fjkia fj,d ;shkjd' ta jf.au udkjysñlï
fldñifï l%shdldÍ;ajh;a 2015 ka miqj iqúfYaIhs'
rfÜ ckm;sj jqj;a úfõpkh lrkak yels ;rï
th wo iajdëkhs' wfkla iajdëk fldñIka iNd
m;a lsÍu;a fï wdKavqj wdjg miafia isÿjqk
idOkSh fohla' kuq;a m%Yafk ;sfhkafka ñksiaiq
tajfha m%fhdackh fudk ;rï ÿrg wr .;a;o lshk
tl tlalhs'
ck;dj fï fj,dfj b,a,kafk
fudk jf.a fjkilao@
ckjd¾.sl iduh iy ixys¢hdj ms<sn|j jf.au
¥IKfhka f;dr rgla fjkqfjka ñksiaiqkag
wfmalaIdjka ;sfhkjd' ta jf.au hym;a wd¾Ólhla
lshk ldrfK;a jeo.;a' fï wdKavqjg iuyre
nekakg fï iïnkaOfhka lghq;= lrkak wdKavqj
hï hï úÈ j,ska uq, mqr,d ;sfhkjd' wd¾Ól
jYfhka oekg ;sfhkjdg jvd lems,d fmfkk
fjkila iudcfha we;s fjkak kï fÊ'ù'mS
wfmalaIlhd Èkkak ´k' kuq;a tal wúksYaÑ;hs'
f.daGdNh Èkakd lsh,d m%cd;ka;%jdoh udkjysñlï
iïnkaOfhka m%j¾Okhla kï rfÜ we;s fkdfjk
nj ;uhs uf.a mqoa.,sl woyi'
.ek fï wfmalaIlfhda ork
iqyo;djfha m%udKhhs'
isú,a iudch úÈhg fï fj,dfõ
wfma N+ñldj fudk jf.a tllao@
wms l< hq;af;a fudllao@ wmsg l< yelafla
fudloa o lsh,d folla ;shkjd' fï fj,dfõ wms
jvd m% ;sm;a;s.rel iduhg yd ixys|shdjg ,eÈ
whg foa Ymd,kfha bv yo,d fokak ´k' ta wkqj
wfmalaIlhka w;ßka jvd iqÿiaid f;darkak ´k'
wfma rfÜ ñksiaiq Pkaoh fokak mqreÿ fj,d bkafka
flfklaj f;darkak fkfuhs" bkak flfklaj
t<jkak' ta m%jK;dj wvq lrkak ´k' uu okak
úÈhg ;dhs,ka;fha Pkao m;%sldfõ tl fldgqjla
;shkjd tal ,l=Kq lrkak mq¿jka fï bkak tlu
wfmalaIlfhlaj;a tmd lsh,d' rejection vote lsh,d
talg lshkafka' fï tlu wfmalaIlfhlaj;a ug tmd
lshkak wfma rfÜ Pkao m;%sldfõ f,dl= l;srhla
.yk tl fyda l=Kqyrem ,shk tl lrkjd' tfyu;a
ke;akï Pkaoh fkd§ bkak tl fyda m%;sflaIam
lrk tl lrkjd' th wms isú,a
iudch yeáhg" yd m%cd;ka;%jd§
ljqre ckdêm;s f,i m;a jqk;a
n,hg m;a jqkdg miqj n,h
,efnk ;=re ÿka fmdfrdkaÿ bIag
lrhs lsh,d ys;kak neye' ta ksid
wmsg ;uhs wNsfhda.h ;sfhkafka' wfmalaIlhdg
Èkkak wNsfhda.h ;shkjd jf.a" m%Odk mlaI j,g
Èkkak wNsfhda.h ;shkjd jf.a isú,a iudcfha
mqrjeishkag;a ta ixúOdk j,g;a fï ue;sjrKfha
wNsfhda.hla ;sfhkjd' wmf.a m%;sm;a;sh úh hq;af;a
m%cd;ka;%jdoh" udkjysñlï" kS;sfha wdêm;H /
flk ¥IKhg tfrys fjk jvd ys;lr jvd ixfõÈ
flfklaj f;darkak lsh,d ck;djg lshk tlhs'
kuq;a fïl f,ais jevla fkfjhs' ñksiaiqkag
b;d jvd <`.ska oefkk m%Yak tÈfkod Ôú;fha
;sfhkjd' md,ï keye" fndalal= leä,d" lkak
wÈkak keye jf.a m%Yak ñksiaiqkag ;sfhkjd' uy
f,dl= m%cd;ka;%jd§ l%shdOrhka fkdjqk;a idudkH
ck;dj Wkkaÿhs ;ukaf.a whs;Ska fjkqfjka fmrg
tkak'
ta Wkkaÿj iy Woafhda.h tla;eka lr,d
ks j erÈ me;a;g fhduq lrkak isú,a iudcfha
wms g yelshdjla ;shkjdo lshk ldrKh .ek fï
fj,dfõ is;sh hq;=hs' ta jf.a iuyrekag wu;l
jqkq wfma rfÜ wjqreÿ .Kkdjla ;siafia hqoaOh yd
m%pKav;aj ksid ÿlg m;a jqkq wh yd Tjqkaf.ka
mej; tk wh fjkqfjka bgq úh hq;= idOdrKh;a"
kej; tjeks ;;a;ajhlg rg weo fkdoeóu
fjkqfjka isú,aiudch isÿ l< hq;= j.lSu;a wms
l=uk ckdêm;sjrfhla hgf;aj;a wu;l fkdl<
hq;=hs'•
idlÉPd lf<a reúks wfhaId ìh.u
6
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
Pkaoh iy úl,amh‍
kS;s{
chka; foysw;a;f.a
t
<fUk ckdêm;sjrKh fjkqfjka foaYmd,k
N+ñh ilia lsÍu wdrïN lr ;sfí' fmdÿck
fmruqK úiska ;u wfmalaIlhd f,i
f.daGdNh rdcmlaI uy;d kï lr ;sfí' tlai;a
cd;sl mlaIh ;=< ks, jYfhka fkdjQjo" ið;a
fm%auodi uy;d wfmalaIlhd f,i bÈßm;a lsÍfï
jeä wjia:djla we;s nj fmkS hhs' ffu;%Smd,
isßfiak uy;d m%uqL Y%S ,xld ksoyia mlaIh bÈß
ckdêm;sjrKhl§ .kakd ia:djrh fuf;la
m%ldYhg m;a lr ke;;a" fmdÿck fmruqKg iyh§u
iïnkaOfhka idlÉPd wdrïN lr ;sfí' kd.dkkao
fldä;=jlal= uy;d iy ;j;a wfmalaIlhka ms<snoj
idlÉPd fjñka ;sfí' lreKq tfia ;sìh§ miq.sh 18
jkod .d¨‍ uqjfodr§ w;s úYd, ck iyNd.S;ajhla
ueo cd;sl ck n,fõ.fha wfmalaIlhd f,i wkqr
l=udr Èidkdhl uy;d f;dardm;a lr.ekSu;a iu.
foaYmd,k N+ñh kej; ú.%y lr.; hq;= ;;ajhla
Woa.;j ;sfí'
tcdm$fmdÿck fmruqKq wfmalaIl kdufhdackh
foaYmd,ksl jYfhka iú{dksl ck;dj
;=< tcdmh iy fmdÿck fmruqK fukau
Y%S,ksmh iïnkaOfhka my; úfõpkhka we;sùu
fkdje,elaúh yelalls' jir 71 la jßka jr n,hg
meñ‚ fuu mlaIj, foaYmd,lhka hgf;a Y%S ,xldj
;uj;a ixj¾Okh fjñka mj;sk rgla mu‚' cd;Ska
;jÿrg;a fNao Nskakùu úkd we;sjQ cd;sl iu.shla
ke;' fi!LHu;a Ôú;hlg we;s whs;sh m%dfhda.slj
;yjqre ù ke;' .=Kd;aul fmdÿ m%jdyk fiajhla
 7
;uka Pkaoh Ndú; l< wfmalaIlhd

iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

ch.%yKh lsÍfuka Pkaohg jákdlula
,efnk njg úYajdi lsÍfï .eg¨‍jla
ke;' kuq;a ieneúkau Pkaohg
jákdlula ,efnkafka ck;djd§
jevms,sfj,la ch.%yKh lrùug
W;aiy lsÍfuka ñi Èkk me;a;g
Pkaoh oeñh hq;=hs hk fkdu. hjk
iq¨‍ is;=ú,a, u; l%shd lsÍfuka fkdfõ'

mlaIfha wNHka;r n,fõ.fha bÈß jevms,sfj,

we;s lsÍug wiu;aj we;' w,a,i
¥IKh keje;aùug yels ù ke;'
kS;sfha wdêm;H ia:dms; ù ke;'
ck;djf.a Pkaohg jákdlula
,nd § ke;' wd¾Ól ixj¾Okh
fjkqjg rg oejeka; Kh W.=,l
isr ù we;' oßø;djh ;=rka lsÍu
iïnkaOfhka ksis jevms,sfj,la
ke;' wdÈ jYfhka fldf;l=;a
lreKq fuu ,ehsia;=jg tl;=
l< yelsh'
fuu fpdaokdjka neÆ
ne,augu fmfkkakg ;sìh§"
fmdÿck fmruqfKa wfmalaIlhd
kïlsÍug n,mE lreKq okafka
uyskao rdcmlaI uy;dh'
tcdmfha wfmalaIlhd kï lsÍu
m%cd;ka;%jdofha
wvq¨‍yqvqlï j,g
ue§ù we;' ta wkqj
meyeÈ,s jkafka fulS
m%Odk n,lojqre fofla
wfmalaIlhka kï lsÍfï
l%shdj,Ska foaYmd,kfha§
mej;sh hq;= wju uÜgfï
iodpdrhka iy fldkafoaisj;a
/l.ekSug wiu;aj we;s njhs'
cd;sl ck n,fõ.h yuqfõ
we;s wNsfhda.h
m%Odk n,lojqre fol
iïnkaOfhka fmr fkdjQúrE
;rï wúYajdihla l,lsÍula
we;s ù we;s wjia:djl úúO
ixúOdk iy lKavdhï we;=¨‍
foaYmd,k mlaIj,o tl.;djh
u; wfmalaIlfhl= kï lsÍfuka
cd;sl ck n,fõ.h m,uq
lvbu id¾:lj miq lr we;'
tlS id¾:l;ajhg ;j;a fya;=jla
jkafka wfmalaIdfõ wfmalaIlhdg
¥IK fpdaokd fkdue;sùu;a"
md¾,sfïka;= uka;%Sjrfhl= f,i
iajlSh ld¾hNdrh ld¾hY+r
f,i l%shdfjka fmkajd ;Sìu;a"
mj;akd kvq fyda uyck uqo,a
wjNdú;djka iïnkaOfhka
l=m%lg b;sydihlg ysñlï
fkdlSu;a" ukqIH >d;k fpdaokd
fkdue;s ùu;a h' fojk wNsfhda.h
jkafka ck;dj ;=< cd;sl ck
iïnkaOfhka úYajdih Èkd
.ekSuhs' l%shdjg kexúh yels
jevms,sfj,la" tu jevms,sfj,
l=uk ;;ajhka hgf;a fyda
,.dlr.kakd l%ufõohka iy
ck;dj uqyqK fok .eg¨‍
ioyd ms,shï meyeÈ,sj bÈßm;a
lr isàuhs' jeo.;a jkafka
fuu ue;sjrKfhka ch.ekSuo
mrdch ùuo hkak fkdj
m%Odk n,lojqre m%;slafIm lr
meñfKk ck;djg talrdYSúh
yels fmdÿ fõÈldjla njg cd;sl
ckn,fõ.h m;aùuhs'
Pkaohg jákdlula
;uka Pkaoh Ndú; l<
wfmalaIlhd ch.%ykh lsÍfuka
Pkaohg jákdlula ,efnk
njg úYajdi lsßfï .eg¨‍jla
ke;' kuq;a ieneúkau Pkaohg
jákdlula ,efnkafka ck;djd§
jevms,sfj,la ch.%yKh
lrùug W;aiy lsÍfuka ñi
Èkk me;a;g Pkaoh oeñh hq;=hs
hk fkdu. hjk iq¨‍ is;=ú,a,
u; l%shd lsÍfuka fkdfõ' tksid
Pkaoh leue;a; m%ldY lsÍfï
wruq‚ka fukau m%Odk Odrdjg
wm%idoh oelaùfï wruq‚ka o
Ndú; l< hq;= ;;ajhlg m%Odk
foaYmd,k mlaI ck;d úYajdih
m¨ÿ fldg we;'•
8 2019
isysk ckdêm;sjrhd ljqo@
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
me*ar,a ixúOdkfha úOdhl wOHCIl
frdayK fyÜáwdrÉÑ
1 ckm;sjrKh
m%ldYhg m;a lsßu
ckdêm;sjrKh m%ldYhg m;a lsßu
wdldr folla hgf;a isÿúh yelsh'
1' n,fha isák ckdêm;sjrhd ;r. lsÍu
i|yd ;u wNs,dYhka m%ldYhg m;a
lsÍu wdKavql%u jHjia:dfõ 31^3& —w˜
j.ka;sh
n,fha isák ckdêm;sjrhdf.a m%:u OQr
ld,h wdrïN ù jir 4 l ld,hla .;
jQ miq Tyq fyda weh kej; jrla uyck
jrula ,nd.ekSug wfmalaId lrkafka
kï ta i|yd ;u wNs,dYhka m%ldYhg
m;a l< yelsh' túg ue;sjrK fldñIu
ue;sjrK meje;aùu i|yd wjYH
úêúOdk ie,eiaúh hq;=h'
2' ckdêm;sjrhdf.a ks, ld,h wjikajQ
úg
n,fha isák ckdêm;sjrhdf.a ks,
ld,h wjika ùug uilg fkdwvq
iy udi follg fkdjeä ld,hla
;=< B<Õg m;ajk ckdêm;sjrhd
i|yd ue;sjrKhla mj;ajd iqÿiq
ckdêm;sjrhd f;dard m;alr .; hq;=h'
j¾;udkfha kï 2019 fkdjeïn¾ 09 jk
Èfkka miq yd foieïn¾ 09 jk Èkg
fmr ue;sjrKh mj;ajd iqÿiail= f;dard
.; hq;=j we;' Bg wod, ish¨‍ lghq;=
isÿ lsÍu i|yd ue;sjrK fldñIka
iNdj ne£ isà' tfukau tu lghq;=
je,elaùug yelshdjla jHjia:dodhlhg
fyda úOdhlhg fkdue;'
2 ckdêm;sjrKhg wod,
ld, rduqj
1' ckdêm;sjrKh m%ldYhg m;a lsÍu
2' kdu fhdackd le|ùu ^kdu fhdackd
le|ùu ^ilia lsÍu& wju jYfhka
Èk 16 isg Wmßu jYfhka Èk 21 la
ysñfõ&
3' wem ;ekam;a lsÍu ^kdu fhdackd ndr.
kq ,nk Èkg fmr Èk uOHyak 12 g
fmr wem ;ekam;a l, hq;=h' iajdëk
wfmalaIlfhl= kï Tyq fyda weh
uka;%Sjrfhla jYfhka isá nj fyda isák
njg md¾,sfïka;= uyf,alïjrhdf.ka
,nd.kakd iy;shla bÈßm;a l, hq;=hs&
4' kdu fhdackd ndr .ekSu ^ue;sjrK
fldñiu kshu lrk tla Èkhl§
fm'j 9'00 isg fm'j 11'00 olajd ld,
iSudj ;=<§ isÿlrkq ,nhs&
5' úfrdaO;d bÈßm;a lsÍu ^kdufhdackd
Èk fm'j 9'00 isg fm'j 11'30 olajd
ld,h ;=< úfrdaO;d bÈßm;a lsÍu
i|yd fjka lr we;&
6' m%pdrK lghq;= ^wju jYfhka udihl
iy Wmßu jYfhka i;s yhl ld,hla $
ue;sjrKhg meh 48 lg fmr m%pdrK
lghq;= wjika l, hq;=h&
7' ;eme,a Pkao whÿï lsÍu ^kdufhdackd
oekaùu m,l, Èkfha isg Èk 10 la ;=<
isÿlrkq ,nk w;r fndfyda ÿrg tlS
ld,iSudj ue;sjrK fldñiu úiska
§¾> lsÍug lghq;= lrkq ,nhs&
8' ;eme,a Pkao i,l=Kq lsÍu ^fï i|yd
idudkHfhka Èk folla fyda wjYH
kï Bg jeä Èk .Kkla ue;sjrK
fldñiu úiska ;Skaÿ lrkq ,nhs&
9'
ue;sjrK Èkh ^kdufhdackd
ndr.ekSfuka wk;=rej wju jYfhka
udihla fyda Wmßu jYfhka i;s
yhlg fmr ue;sjrK fldñIka iNdj
úiska ;SrKh lrk Èkhla&
 9
3 ckdêm;s wfmalaIlfhla
ùug ;sìh hq;= iqÿiqlï

iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

1' Y%S ,dxlsl mqrjeisfhla ùu ^fjk;a 1 2 3
rgl mqrjeisfhl= fkdúh hq;=h&

2' jhi wjqreÿ 35 g jeäúh hq;=h
3' Pkao odhlfhl= f,i ,shdmÈxÑ ùug
iqÿiqlï ;sìh hq;=h ^,shdmÈxÑ ù isàu
wjYH fkdfõ&
4' wdKavql%u jHjia:dfõ 91" 92 j.ka;sj,g
wkqj kqiqiqÿiafila fkdúh hq;=h
5' foaYmd,k mlaIhlska f;drj iajdëkj
;rÕ lrkafka kï md¾,sfïka;=
uka;%Sjrfhl=j isá fyda isák flfkl=
úh hq;=h
6' foaYmd,k mlaIhlska ;rÕ lrkafka
kï re'50000 l wem uqo,lao iajdëk
lKavdhulska ;rÕ lrkafka kï
re'75000 l wem uqo,la ;ekam;a lsÍug
yelshdj ;sìh hq;=h
fuu iqÿiqlïj,g wu;rj
iEu wfmalaIlfhl=u ;uka
ckdêm;sjrKhg ;rÕ lsÍu i|yd
kqiqÿiafil= fkdjk njg Èjqreï
m%ldYhla ,ndÈh hq;=h
4
bÈß ckdêm;sjrfha§
fojk yd f;jk ukdm
.Kka lsÍug isÿfõúo@
Y%S ,xldfõ ckdêm;sjrK Pkao úuiSfï
mk;g wkqj ch.%yKh i|yd ue;sjrKfha§
wfmalaIlhka ,nd .kakd uq¿ j,x.= Pkao
m%udKfhka wj,x.= jQ Pkao yer fiiq Pkao
j,ska 50% + 1Pkaohla ,nd.; hq;= fõ' hï
fya;=jlska tl wfmalaIlfhla 50% la
iy ;j;a tla Pkaohla ,nd fkd.;fyd;a
jeäu Pkao ,nd.;a wfmalaIlhka bj;a
lr fiiq wfmalaIlhkaf.a Pkao m;%sldj,
fojk yd f;jk ukdmh i,l=Kq lr
we;aoehs mÍlaId lr tu ukdm m%Odk
wfmalaIlhka fofokd w;f¾ fnod yef¾'
fojk ukdmh hï wfmalaIlfhl= g ,nd §
we;súg Tyqf.a f;jk ukdmh fkdi<ld
yef¾' fojk" f;jk ukdm fnod yeÍfuka
wk;=rej nyq;rh ,nd.;a wfmalaIlhd
ch.%dyS wfmalaIlhd f,i kï flf¾' hï
fyhlska wfmalaIlhka fofokd iudk Pkao
,enqjfyd;a f,d;/hs l%uhg jdikdj WrÕd
nef,a'

5 bÈß ckdêm;s ue;sjrKfha§ ukdm ,l=Kq

lsÍu fl;rï jeo.;a fõúo@

2015 j¾Ifha;a Bg fmr meje;s ckdêm;sjrKj,§ o ;rÕh meje;sfha m%Odk

wfmalaIlhka fofokd w;r mu‚' tfy;a fujr ckdêm;sjrKfha m%Odk
m%jdyhg m%n, wfmalaIlhka lsysmfokla tlajk njg bÕs m,ù ;sfí' tlai;a
cd;sl mlaIh m%uqL ixOdkh" fmdÿck fmruqK m%uqL ixOdkh" Y%S ,xld ksoyia
50%+1

mlaIh" ck;d úuqla;s fmruqK" jD;a;Shfõ§ka yd isú,a ixúOdk tl;= jYfhka

wfmalaIlhka úYd, m%udKhla ;r. lrkq ,enqjfyd;a iy Tjqka w;ßka m%Odk
wfmalaIlhka fofokd yer fiiq msßi ,laI mylg jeä m%udKhla .kq ,enqj
fyd;a lsisÿ wfmalaIlfhl= j,x.= Pkaoj,ska 50%+1 fkd.ekSug bv we;' ta
wkqj fujr ue;sjrKfha§ fojk yd f;jk ukdm ,l=Kq lsÍu jeo.;a jkq
we;' tfy;a idudkH ck;dj ckdêm;sjrKfha§ ukdm ,l=Kq lsÍu ms<sn|j
we;af;a b;d wvq oekquls' fuu ;;a;ajh yuqfõ Pkao odhlhka fojk yd
f;jk ukdm ,l=Kq lsÍu fkd tfiakï (1,2,3) f,i ,l=Kq lsÍu ms<sn|j
oekqj;a lsÍu b;d jeo.;a jkq we;' fï iïnkaOfhka ue;sjrK fldñIka
iNdjg ksÍlaIK ixúOdkj,g" udOH wdh;kj,g úYd, j.lSula mejef¾'
tfukau foaYmd,k mlaI o fï ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu wjYH fõ'
10
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
6 wfmalaIlhd f;aÍfï§ Pkao odhlhd
yuqfõ we;s wNsfhda.

ckdêm;sjrhd i;= n,;,

fujr f;dard .ekSñg kshñ; ckdêm;sjrhd úOdhl ckdêm;s
jrfhl= fkdjQjo ;ju;a ta ms<sn|j Pkao odhlhdg ksis wjfndaOhla
we;s njla fkdfmfka' tmuKla fkdj ue;sjrK i|yd ;r.
lsÍug wfmalaId lrk foaYmd,k mlaI yd kdhlhkago fï nj
;ju;a wjfndaO ù fkdue;' fkd tfia kï wjfndaO ù ;snqKo
th ms<s.ekSug ue,slula olaj;s' 1978 isg fï olajd n,fha isá
ckdêm;sjrekaf.ka nyq;rhla fuu úOdhl n,h Wmßu Ndú;
lr we;s neúka oYl y;rlg wêl ld,hla tu n,h iu. wm
lghq;= lr we;s neúkq;a fuu fjki ms<s .ekSug wm iQodkï
ke;s njla fmfka'

19 jk ixfYdaOkh f.k taug m%:u iy 19 jk ixfYdaOkh f.k tafuka miqj we;s l< m%Odk n,
uQ,dY%j, fjki y÷kd .; hq;=h'

19 jk ixfYdaOkhg fmr ;snQ n,;, 19 jk ixfYdaOkhg miq

md¾,sfïka;=j /ia ù jirlska miq
úiqrejd yeÍu
leìkÜ uKav,h m;a lsÍu
leu;s wud;HOqr ixLHdjla ;ud hgf;a
;nd .ekSug yels ùu
ckdêm;s uqla;sh - wêlrKh bÈßfha
kvq mejßh fkdyelsh'
w. úksiqrejrhd" kS;sm;s jrhd" fmd,siam;s jrhd
jeks by< ;k;=rej,g ;u wNsu;h mßÈ m;a lsÍu
fldñIka iNd idudðlhka m;alsÍu
md¾,sfïka;=j /ia ù jir y;rla
hk;=re úiqreúh fkdyelsh'
w.ue;sf.a Wmfoia msg muKs'
weu;sOqr oeßh yelafla md¾,sfïka;=
uka;%Sjrekag muKs'
ckdêm;sjrhdg tfrysj kvq mejßh
yelsh
jHjia:dodhl iNdfõ wkque;sh u;
mu‚
jHjia:d iNdfõ wkque;sh u; mu‚

m<d;a iNd j,g wod,j ckdêm;sjrhd i;=jQ n,;,
lsisÿ ixfYdaOkhlg ,laj fkdue;'
fuu n,;, w;r md¾,sfïka;=j úiqrejd yeÍu"
weue;sjre m;a lsÍu" bj;a lsÍu ;ud hg;g
m;a lsßu b;d m%n, n,;, fõ' fï n,;,
w;S;fha§ ckdêm;sjreka Wmßu f,i Ndú; lr
we;' 2003 j¾Ifha§ ckdêm;s pkaøsld l=udr;=x.
ue;sksh hgf;a meje;s tlai;a cd;sl mlaIfha
m%Odk wud;H OQr ;ud hg;g mjrd .ekSug;a
md¾,sfïka;=j úiqrejd wdKavqj f.or hjkakg;a
Ndú; lf<ah' wfkla ckdêm;sjre Tjqkag ysñ
fuu n,;, yryd ;udg lSlre wud;H uKav,hla
mj;ajd .kakg Ndú; l< w;r 19 jk jHjia:d
ixfYdaOkh fkdjkakg j¾;udk ckdêm;sjrhdgo
md¾,sfïka;=j úiqrejd yeÍu kS;Hkql+, jkq we;'
tfia jqj;a wm ;kkakg hk ckdêm;sjrhd tjeks
i¾j n,OdÍ ckm;sjrfhla fkdjkq we;'
ckdêm;sjrhd mlaIfha kdhlhd jQ úg
hï fyhlska m;ajk ckdêm;sjrhd md¾,sfïka;=fõ
nyq;rh ysñ mlaIfha kdhlhd jqjfyd;a Tyqg
jHjia:dfjka n,;, fkd;snqko mlaI jHjia:dj
wkqj md¾,sfïka;= uka;%S lKavdhu yeisrùfï n,h
,enqKfyd;a Tyqg fyda wehg jl%j úYd, n,hla
talrdYS lr.kakg yelsjkq we;' ta i|yd Tyqf.a
fyda wehf.a foaYmd,k fm!¾Iho fya;=jkq we;'
tjeks kdhl;ajhla hgf;a ckdêm;sjrhdf.a
m%;sm;a;s m%ldYkhg jákdlula ,efí' tneúka
bÈß ckdêm;sjrKfha§ Pkao odhlhka ;u
wfmalaIlhka f;aÍfï§ fuu lreKq ish,a, i,ld
ne,sh hq;=h'

fujr ckdêm;sjrKh i|yd bÈßm;a
ùug hk wfmalaIhka ms<sn|j m%Odk
Odrdfõ udOHhka jeä bvlvla fjka
lrñka l;d lrk whqre wms fï Èkj,
wiñka olsñka isákafkuq' mqoa.,hd
flfrys olajk Wkkaoqj Tjqkaf.a
jev ms<sfj, flfrys olajk njla
olskakg ke;' tuksid iEu ckdêm;s
wfmlaIlfhl=u ms<s;=re Èh hq;= hehs
is;k uQ,sl m%Yak lssysmhla wm bÈßm;a
lrkafkuq' fuu m%Yak isú,a iudc
ixúOdk iy mqoa.,hka u. fmkaùu u;
;jÿrg;a fmdaIKh l<hq;= nj iuìu
wm is;kafkuq' fï ms<sn|j mdGl Tnf.a
woyiao wm fj; tjjkak'
1'
kj wdKavql%u jHjia:djla$ixfYdaOkhlg
tl`.o@ ke;skï mj;akd jHjia:dj
wkqju lghq;= lrkafkao@
kj wdKavql%u jHjia:djlg$ixfYdaOkhlg
tl`. kï"
1'1' kj wdKavql%u jHjia:djla ilia lr .ekSfï
wruqKska ,xldfõ m<uqjrg ck;d woyia
wkqj ilia l< wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOk
ms<sn`o uyck woyia ,nd .ekSfï lñgqj
úiska bÈßm;a lr we;s jd¾;dj ie,ls,a,g
.kakjdo @
1'2' úOdhl ckdêm;s l%uh ;jÿrg;a mj;ajdf.k
hkjd o@
1'3' md¾,sfïka;= m%cd;ka;%jdoh wdrlaId lsÍug
.kakd mshjr l=ula o @
1'4' tu`.ska w.ue;sjrhd iy wud;H uKav,h
ys;=jlalÍ f,i n,h wjNdú; lsÍu je<elaùu
i`oyd .kakd mshjr l=ula o@
11
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
isysk
ckdêm;sg
m%Yak
m;a;rhla
1'2' ish¨ ckj¾.j, ksfhdackh iy;sl flfrk
jvd;a idOdrK yd úoHd;aul mokula iys;
ue;sjrK l%uhla ^flaj, yd iudkqmd;sl
ñY%Khla& fhdackd lrkfkao@
1'3' cd;sl m%YAkhg úi`ÿula f,i n,h fn§u u;
mokï jQ mßmd,k l%uhla ieliSug tl`. o @
1'4' Y%S ,xld rdcHh wd.ñlo@ wkd.ñlo @
1'5'
udkj ysñlï mßÉfÊoh mq¿,a lrñka
ñksiqkaf.a Ôj;a ùfï whs;sh yd iudc" wd¾Òl
iy ixialD;sl whs;sjdislï jHjia:djg
we;=<;a lsÍug tl`. o @
2'
cd;Ska w;r ixys`oshdj iy iyÔjkh
f.dvke.Su i`oyd ixl%dka;s hqla;s
jevms<sfj< wLKavj bÈßhg f.khEu
fjkqfjka fmkS isákafkao@
ke;skï tu jevms<sfj< w;yer oukafkao@
tu jevms<sfj< fjkqfjka fmkS isákafka kï"
1'1' ,xldfõ m<uqjrg úkaÈ; m%cdjka iïuqL
fjñka Tjqkaf.a woyia wkqj jvd;a fhda.H
ixys`Èhd hdka;%Khka ms<sn`o ks¾foaYhka
bÈßm;a l< ixys`Èhdj Wfoid m%úpdrK ld¾h
idOl n,ld jd¾;dfõ we;=<;a ks¾foaYhka
ls%hd;aul lrkafka o @
1'2' 2015 jif¾ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkj ysñlï uyd
uKav,hg ,xldfõ iu yjq,aldÍ;ajh we;sj
12
bÈßm;a l< 30$1 fhdackdj,sh iïnkaOfhka
.kakd ia:djrh l=ula o@
1'3' oekgu;a msysgqjd we;s w;=reoka ;eke;a;ka
ms<sn`o ld¾hd,h iy ydksmQrK ld¾hd,hkays
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
l%shdldÍ;ajh jvd;a iajdëk yd Yla;su;a
lsÍu;a ta i`oyd rdcH wh jefhka ie,lsh hq;=
uQ,H m%;smdok fjka lsÍu isÿ lrkafkao@
1'4' isÿj we;s hqo wmrdOhka iïnkaOfhka fidhd
ne,Su i`oyd wmlaImd;S iy úksúoNdjfhka
hq;=j i;H fldñiula msysgqùug tl`.o@
1'5' úkaÈ;hskaf.a úYajdih ;yjqre flfrk mßÈ
w;S; wmfhdackhka wduka;%Kh lsÍug
foaYshj l%shd;aul jk" úfoaYsh úfYaI{ iyho
,nd .ksñka úfYaI wêlrKhla msysgqùu
iïnkaOfhka Tfí m%;sm;a;sh l=ula o@
1'6' ;ju;a yuqodj i;=j mj;sk ksoyia fkdlrk
,o W;=f¾ ck;djf.a bvï ksoyia lsÍu i`oyd
fldmuK ld,hla .kakjd o@
1'7' wd.u foaYmd,kfhka meyeÈ,s f,i fjka
fldg mj;ajd .ekSu i`oyd wjYH rdcH
m%;sm;a;shla ilia lr .ekSug iqodkï o@
3'
ish¨ m%cdjkag /ljrK ,efnk mßÈ
cd;sl wdrlaIdj ;yjqre lsÍug Tn kj
mshjr .kafkao@
1'1' udkj ysñlï wdrlAId flfrk mßÈ cd;sl
wdrlaIK jevms<sfj<la l%shd;aul lsÍug .kq
,nk mshjr fudkjd o @
1'2' ikakoaO yuqod" isú,a wdrla‍Il yd fmd,sia
fomd¾;fïka;=j fukau Bg wod< wfkl=;a
wdh;k i|yd ukd mqyqKqjla iys; jD;a;Suh
wdrla‍Il yuqodjla ìyslsÍug lghq;= lrk
w;r Tjqka udkj whs;sjdislï" cd;Hka;r
udkqIjd§ kS;sh yd udkj ysñlï kS;sh ms<sn|
oekqu iy wjfndaOh we;s wh nj iy;sl
lsÍug iqodkï o@
1'3' kS;suh mokula u; cd;sl wdrla‍Il WmfoaYl
uKav,hla msysgqjkafkao@ tys ixhq;sh l=ula
o @ tu uKav,h w.ue;s yd wud;H uKav,h
iu. ukd ffoksl ikaksfõokhla mj;ajd
.ekSug .kq ,nk mshjr fudkjdo@
1'4' ish¨ nqoaê wxY taldnoaO fldg cd;Hka;rj
yd foaYshj l%shd;aul jk kj cd;sl nqoaê
wxYhla ìyslsÍug lghq;= lrkafka o @
4'
rdcH wdh;kj, iy fldñIka iNdj,
iajdëk;ajh ;yjqre lsÍu fjkqfjka
fmkS isákafka o@
1'1' fldñIka iNdj, iajdëk;ajh" j.ùu yd
ld¾hla‍Iu;dj ;jÿrg;a iy;sl lsÍu iy
ld¾h uKav, yd uQ,H iïm;a iïnkaO
.eg¨iy.; ;eka ksrdlrKh lsÍug .kq
,nk mshjr l=ula o@
1'2' ckudOH i|yd fukau iq¿;r ckj¾.j,
iïnkaO;d ms<sn|j lghq;= lrk iajdëk
fldñIka iNd w¨f;ka msysgqùug lghq;=
lrkafka o @
5'
kS;sfha wdêm;H ;yjqre lr wêlrK
iajdëk;ajh ;jÿrg;a ia:dms;
lrkafkao@
1'1' wmf.a wêlrKhkays mj;sk wêl kvq m%udoh
je<elaùu i`oyd ld¾hlaIu hdka;%Khla
ia:dms; lsÍug lrk fhdackd fudkjdo @
1'2' wdKavql%u jHjia:d wêlrKh msysgqùu
iïnkaOfhka woyi l=ula o@
1'3' fY%aIaGdêlrKh yd wNshdpkdêlrKh i|yd
úksiqrejreka m;alsÍu ms<snoj m%;sm;a;sh
l=ulao@
1'4' wdKavql%u jHjia:d iNdj u.ska isÿlrk m;a
lsÍïj,§" w.úksiqref.ka" kS;sm;sf.ka yd Y‍%S
,xld kS;s{ ix.ufhka woyia ,nd.ekSug
hdka;‍%Khla we;s lrkafka o@
1'5' ;%ia;jdoh je<elaùfï mk; we;=¿ u¾okldÍ
wKmk;a wfydais lr cd;Hka;r m%ñ;Skag
wkqj tu kS;s iïmdokh lsÍu iïnkaOfhka
u;h l=ula o@
1'6' h,a mek .sh isú,a yd wmrdO kS;ska fjkqjg
kj kS;ska iïmdokh lsÍug mshjr .kq
,nkafka o@
6'
w,a,i" ¥IKh yd kdia;sh ;=rka lsÍu
fjkqfjka fmkS isákafkao@
w,a,i" ¥IKh yd kdia;sh msgq olskafka kï"
1'1' m%iïmdok fldñiu úiska ilia lr ckdêm;s
ld¾hd,hg hjd ;ju;a tys ysrù we;s NdKav
yd fiajd ,nd.ekSu i|yd jk ks¾Kdhl jyd
kS;s.; lsÍug lgh;= lrkafka o@
1'2' rcfha yd rchg wkqnoaO ish¨u wdh;khkays
m%iïmdok lghq;= m%iïmdok fldñifï
ks¾foaY u; isÿlsÍug tl`. o@
1'3' w,a,ia yd ¥IK úu¾Yk fldñIka iNdj
Yla;su;a lrñka kùk ;dlaIKh yd
ks,OdÍkag wjYH mqyqKqj läkñka ,nd§ug
lghq;= lrkafka o@
1'4' Y‍%S ,xldj w;aika fldg tlÕ ù we;s
wka;¾cd;sl ¥IK úfrdaë m‍%{ma;sh
iïmQ¾Kfhkau l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd wjYH
jk kS;s iïmdokh lsÍu iy wjYH uQ,H
m‍%;smdok jydu ,nd§u isÿlrkafka o@
1'5' ixj¾Okfha uqjdfjka uyck uqo,a wjNdú;
lsÍug tfrysj kS;s Í;s iïmdokh lr yd
Yla;su;a lr ¥IK úfrdaë iïm%odhla we;s
lsÍUg .kakd mshjr l=ula o@
1'6' foaYmd,lhka iy by< ks,OdÍkaf.a j;alï
iy nerlï fy<slsÍu iïnkaOfhka Tnf.a
m%;sm;a;sh l=ula o@
7'
ksIamdokh uQ,sl jQ" lsisÿ ck fldgilg
fjkialulg ,la fkdù ixj¾Okfha njg iy;sl l< yels o@
m%;s,dN ysñjk" wd¾Òl jYfhka 1'7' fm!oa.,sl wxYfhka iemfhk fi!LH
uyck;dj n,.kajk wd¾Òl fiajdjka iy tajdfha ñ, rcfha kshdukhg
m%fõYhla f.dvk.kafkao@
ms<s;=r Tõ kï"
1'1' jl% nÿ m%;sY;h wju lsÍu b,lal lr .;a
Rcq nÿ u; mokï jk nÿ m%;sm;a;shla ilia
lsÍug .kak mshjr l=ula o@
1'2' ldka;djka n,j;a f,i mSvdjg m;alrk la‍Iqø
uQ,H Kh l%uh kshdukh lsÍfï úêúOdk
kS;sfhkau we;s lrk w;r fï jk f;la
Tjqka ,ndf.k we;s la‍Iqø uQ,H Kh lmd
yßSug iqodkï o@
1'3' W;=re" kef.kysr iy j;=lrh hk W!k
ixj¾ê; m%foaYhkays ixj¾Ok lghq;= läkï
lsÍu iy mq¿,a ck iyNd.S;ajhla iys;
jevms<sfj<la f.k tau i`oyd fhdckd lrk
jevms<sfj, l=ula o@
1'4' ,dNh muKla wruqKq lr fkd.;a ixj¾Okhfha
m%;s,dN ieug iudkj fn§ hk iudc
m%;sixialrK iys; wd¾Òl l%shdldÍ;ajhla
fj;g .uka lsÍu ioyd fhdackd fudkjdo @
1'5' lDIsl¾uh iy ëjr l¾udka;h iïnkaOfhka
iïnkaOfhka Tnf.a m%;sm;a;sh l=ulao@
1'6' mdvq ,nk iy wld¾HlaI rdcH wdh;k
iuankaOfhka wkq.ukh lrk m%;sm;a;sh
l=ula o@
8'
iudc idOdrK;ajfhka hq;=j wOHdmkh
yd fi!LH lafIa;%hkays myiqlï yd
fiajdjka fj;g iEu ckfldgilgu
m%fõY ùfï whs;sh ;yjqre lsÍu'
1'1' ishÆu isiq isiqúhkag iïmQ¾Kfhkau
fkdñf,a ,efnk" .=Kd;aul" ishÆfokdu
wka;¾.; lr.kakd yd iudk m‍%d:ñl"
lksIaG yd oaú;Shsl wOHdmkhlska iukaú;
wjqreÿ 13l wksjd¾h mdi,a wOHdmkhla
iy;sl l< hq;=h'
1'2' ishÆu ;reK ;re‚hkag fkdñf,a ,efnk"
.=Kd;aul ;dla‍I‚l" jD;a;Sh yd ;D;Shsl
wOHdmkhla iy;sl l< yels o@
1'3' wOHdmkh i`oyd whjefhka 6]l m%;sY;hla
fjka lsÍug iQodkï o@
1'4' rcfha úYajúoHd,j, uQ,sl Wmdê yd mYapd;a
Wmdê wÈhrj,§ m¾fhaIK i|yd Èß.kajk
l%uhla l%shd;aul l< hq;=h'
1'5' ff;%hs NdId oekqu ish¨u isiq isiqúhkag ,nd
.ekSu i`oyd mdi,aj, myiqlï ie,ish yels
o@
1'6' rch úiska fkdñf,a imhk fi!LH fiajd"
lsisÿ fjkialulska f;drj" rfÜ iEu
13
m‍%foaYhlu isák ishÆ frda.Skag ,efnk
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
hg;a lsÍug tl`. o@
9'
ish¨ cd;Skaf.a ixialD;sl yd iudÔh
wkkH;djhka iq/flk l,d yd
ixialD;sl whs;sjdislï iqrlaIs; lsÍug
tl`. o @
1'1' ixialD;sl m%ldYkhkaf.a úúO;ajh wdrlaId
lsÍu iy m%j¾Okh lsÍu fjkqfjka 2005
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a hqfkiaflda iïuq;sh
wmrdkqu; lr kS;s.; lsÍug iQodkï o@
1'2' l,d ixialD;sl l%shdldrlï i`oyd m<d;a
uÜgñka há;, myiqlï ia:dms; lsÍug
iïm;a imhd.kafka flfia o@
1'3' uQ,sl whs;sjdislï hgf;a ;yjqre flfrk
^l,d;aul& m‍%ldYkfha ksoyi" wd.ñl fyda
foaYmd,ksl ueÈy;a ùulska ixialD;sl
lafIa;‍%fha§ jdrKhg ,laùu je<lSug wjYH
m‍%;smdok we;s lsÍug yels o@
1'4' l,d lD;s ixrlaIKh lsÍu i`oyd wdh;khla
ia:dms; lsÍu iy Y%S ,xld l,d uKav,h
hj;ald,Sk lsÍu l< yels o@ ;jo"
10'
ldka;d foaYmd,k ksfhdack;ajh
ms<sn`o Tnf.a m%;sm;a;sh l=ula o@
11' ixj¾Ok l%shdj,sh i`oyd ldka;d odhl;ajh
,nd .ekSu fjkqfjka .kq ,nk mshjr
fudkjdo@
12' urK o`vqju iïnkaOfhka Tn wkq.ukh
lrk m%;sm;a;sh l=ula o@
13' fm!oa.,sl kS;s iïnkaOfhka wkq.ukh
lrk m%;sm;a;sh l=ulao@
14' lïlre whs;sjdislï ;yjqre lrk w;r
wdfhdaclhka Èß.kajkafka flfia o@
15' j¾Okh jk jeäysá ck.ykh l,ukdlrKh
lr.kafka flfiao @
16' fm!oa.,sl úYajúoHd," ffjoH wOHdmkh
ms<sn`o m%;sm;a;sh l=ula o @
17' rdcH fiajh m%;sjHqy.; lrkafka flfia o @
18' wOHdmk m%;sixialrKj,§ jeä wjOdkhla
fhduq lrkafka l=uk wxYj,go @
19' udOH ksoyi iqrlaIs; lsÍu fjkqfjka fmkS
isáñka ish,qu ckudOH i`oyd wdpdr O¾u
moaO;shla udOH wdh;k iy udOHfõoSkaf.a
tl`.;djfhka ilia lsÍug mshjr .kafkao@
20' ;srir ixj¾Okh flakaø lr.ksñka mßir
ixrlaIKh fjkqfjka jk Tfí jevms<sfj<
l=ulao@
iuìu fjkqfjka m%fndaO r;akdhl iy
chks wfífialr úiska ilia lrk ,§'
14
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

W;=rg ke;s
uy rcdfKda
hdmkh úYajúoHd,fha
isxy, wOHkdxYfha
fÊHIaG lÓldpd¾h
idñkdoka úu,a

w
f.daia;= ui 11 jk Èk úfYaI Èkhla njg fuu
jifrys wf.dia;= 12 jk Èk hdmkfhys m<uq
mqj;am;a jd¾;d lr ;snqKs' thska tl jeo.;alula
ork isÿùu jkafka fuu jifrys wf.daia;= ui 11
jk Èk iji y;rg ;u kdhl;ajfhka hq;= Y%S ,xld
fmdÿck fmruqfKys ckdêm;sjrK wfmaCIhd ;u
fidhqre f.daGdNh rdcmCI nj ks, jYfhka oekqï
§uhs' wf.daia;= ui 11 jk Èkhg wod, wfkla jeo.;a
isÿùu f,iska hdmkfhys mqj;am;aj, i`oykaj ;snqfKa
hdmkh uykqjr ud¾.h jid ouñka hqoaOh wdrïN
lsÍuhs' th isÿjQfõ 2006 jifrys nj;a tlS m%jD;a;sfhys
i`oyka úh' we;af;kau th y`ÿkajd ;snqfKa hqoaO m%ldYh
isÿ l< Èkh jYfhks' .sh jifrys wf.daia;= ui 11
jk Èkfhys hdmkfhys udOH tjeks igykla fkdl<
nj o fuh mqj;am;a l,djg yqre mqreÿ jHdcdfl%dala;s
w,xldrhla nj o f;areï .ekSu myiqh' f.daGdNh
rdcmCI uy;d ckdêm;s wfmaCIl njg m%ldY lsÍu
l< Èkhg wod<j ;j;a jeo.;a isÿùula f,iska fou<
mqj;am;a m< lr ;snQ m%jD;a;shla jkafka bkaÈhdkq
fldx.%ia mCIfhys kdhl;ajhg fidakshd .dkaê
uy;añh m;a lr .ekSuhs' bkaÈhdfjys YS>%fhka j¾Okh
jk Ndr;Sh ck;d mCIfha foaYmd,k jHdmD;sh ;=<
uE;l§ cïuq ldYaórfhys fldgila uOHu wdKavqfjys
md,kh hg;g f.k tñka wdKavql%u jHjia:dfjka
,nd § ;snQ úfYaI n,;, wysñ flreKq ;;a;ajhla ;=<
bka§h foaYmd,kfhys p,khka j,go fou< iudchg
ixfõ§ ùu jeo.;ah'
flfiajqjo fuys§ uu wjOdkh fhduq lrkakg
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka t<fUk ckdêm;sjrKhg wod,
fï jk úg olakg ,efnk foaYmd,k ld,.=Kfhys
fjkiaùug wod<j W;=frys m%dka;Sh foaYmd,kh
;=< olakg ,efnk fjkialïh' ,xldfjys wfkl=;a
 15
W;=frys Pkaoodhlhd md¾,sfïka;= ue;sjrKfhys§ ;u
ksfhdað;hdj f;dard .kakd w;r ckdêm;sjrKfhys§ isÿ

iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

lrkafka ;u ksfhdað;hdg iajdñfhla tfia;a ke;skï ydïmqf;la
fidhd §uhs' taksid W;=frys mqrjeishdg ckdêm;sjrhd iu`. Rcq
ksfhdackd;aul iïnkaOhla fkdue;s w;r ol=fKys mqrjeishdg
wod,j mj;sk uy rcdfKda" wmamÉÑ jeks ye`.=ïnr iïnkaOlï
wod< fkdfjhs'

m<d;aj,g wkqj t<fUk rfÜ ckdêm;s hkak;a ;ju;a

ckdêm;sjrKh hkq fndfydaúg
Y%S ,xld fmdÿck fmruqK iy
tlai;a cd;sl mCIh w;r ;r`.
hla jk w;r Pkaoodhlfhdao
fuu l`ojqre folg wkqj fndfyda
úg O%EùlrKh fjhs' ta wkqj
;uka l=uk l`ojqfrys o hkak
ms<sn`o .eg¨jla we;s fkdfjhs'
kuq;a W;=re kef.kysrg wod,j
;;a;ajh fjkiah' fuu m<d;aj,
foaYmd,k n,h ysñ foaYmd,k
mCIj, iyfhda.h ,efnkafka
l=uk wfmaCIlhdg o thg
wkqj wod< wfmaCIlhd ms<sn`oj
leue;a; fyda wleue;a; ;SrKh
fjhs' ta ksid ;ju ckhdf.a
leue;a; fyda wleue;a; ms<sn`o
we.hSula l< fkdyelsh' fuh
ckdêm;sjrKhg muKla
wod< jk iqúfYaI ;;a;ajhls'
md¾,sfïka;= ue;sjrKfhys§
fyda m<d;a iNd ue;sjrKfhys§
;;a;ajh fjkiah' tys§ ;u
ksfhdað;hd f;dard .ekSu ;u
wNsu;hg wkqj isÿ flfrhs'
ta wkqj W;=frys Pkaoodhlhd
md¾,sfïka;= ue;sjrKfhys§ ;u
ksfhdað;hdj f;dard .kakd w;r
ckdêm;sjrKfhys§ isÿ lrkafka
;u ksfhdað;hdg iajdñfhla
tfia;a ke;skï ydïmqf;la
fidhd §uhs' taksid W;=frys
mqrjeishdg ckdêm;sjrhd
iu`. Rcq ksfhdackd;aul
iïnkaOhla fkdue;s w;r
ol=fKys mqrjeishdg wod,j
mj;sk uy rcdfKda" wmamÉÑ
jeks ye`.=ïnr iïnkaOlï wod<
fkdfjhs' Y%S ,dxlsl hkak ;ju
u;jdÈuh jYfhka j<x.=Ndjhla
rys; mj;sk fyhska tfia;a
ke;skï wfma rg hkak;a wfma
fou< ck uki ;=< h:d¾:hla
fkdjk fyhska fuu ;;a;ajh
olakg ,efnhs' kuq;a fuh
fjkia fkdfjk fyda fjkia l<
fkdye;s ;;a;ajhlah hkakla
fuhska woyia fkdflfrhs'
tfyhska W;=frys mqrjeishkag
fïjk úg ;ukaf.a ol=fKys
ksfhdað;hd ljqreka úh yelso
hk m%Yakh mek ke`.S we;'
th Pkaoh m%ldY lsÍu i|yd
fkdj ;u mqrjeis wjYH;d
fjkqfjkah' /lS rCId iy
;k;=re wdÈh fjkqfjkah'
WodyrKhla f,iska W;=frys
fyda kef.kysr úYaj úoHd,hl
Wml=,m;s ;k;=r .; yelsh'
th ckdêm;sjrhd úiska isÿ
flfrkakla nj o tys§ tu f;dard
.ekSu foaYmd,k ks¾foaYh
m%uqL lr.;a;la nj o wuq;=fjka
meyeÈ,s l< hq;= ke;' ol=fKys§
tys§ jx.=j,ska hEug wjYH
jkafka ke;' kuq;a W;=re kef.
kysrg wod<j ;;a;ajh b;du;a
ixlS¾Kh' ckdêm;sjrKfhka
Èkkafka l=uk mCIh o hkak
muKla fkdj tu mCIfhys
W;=frys ksfhdað;hd ljqo
hkak;a wjfndaO lrf.k lghq;=
lsÍu fuys§ jeo.;ah' fuys§
cd;sl foaYmd,k mCI jYfhka
mj;sk tlai;a cd;sl mCIh
fyda Y%S ,xld ksoyia mCIh fyda
ksfhdackh lrk wh ta ;rï
jeo.;a fkdfjhs' W;=re kef.
kysrg wod< fou< foaYmd,k
mCI m%Odk fjhs' tfyhska
fld<U foaYmd,kh meyeÈ,s
jqk o m%dka;Sh foaYmd,kh ;ju
wmeyeÈ,sh'•
16
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

wd.ñl
kS;s
whs;sjdislï
j,g
hghs
uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido mk; m%;sixialrKh lsÍu ms,sno idlÉPdjg uqia,sï fkdjk
ia;%shla f,i t<öu b;du;a wmyiq ld¾hhla fõ' mdial= m%ydrhg miqj iudch ;=, W;aikak
ù we;s uqia,sï úfrdaë woyia moaO;sh ksidfjka tu ld¾hh ;j;a wmyiq ù ;sfí' uqia,sï
kS;sh wfydais lr ish¨‍ fokd fmdÿ kS;shla hg;g meñKsh hq;= nj;a" uqia,sï kS;shla wjYH
kï wrdìhg hd hq;= nj;a isxy, iudch ;=, b;du;a ckm%sh woyia" uqia,Sï kS;sh fukau
fmdÿ kS;sh iïnkaOfhka we;s jerÈ jegySï ksidfjka iy cd;sjd§ foaYmd,k m%jdy úiska
is;du;d jerÈ f;dr;=re iudc.; lsÍu ksidfjka uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido mk; ixialrKh
lsÍu ms,snoj idlÉPdj idOkSh f,i isÿ lsÍug ksrka;rfhka ndOd t,a, fõ' flfia fj;;a
fuu ,smsfha wruqK fjkafka uqia,sï fkdjk mqrjeisfhla f,i yd ia;%shla f,i uqia,sï kS;s
m%;sixialrK ms,snoj idlÉPd l, yels rduqjla f.dv k.d .; yelafla l=uk uQ,O¾u
hgf;ao hkak idlÉPd lsÍuhs'

wkqj hg;aúð;hka md,kh lsÍuhs' ta wkqj bx.%SiS

kS;s{ ,laud,s fyaupkaø
iajfoaYslhska yd wd.ka;=lhska
úfYaIfhkau wo ojfia uqia,sï kS;sh ms<sn|
idlÉPdj ;=, iajfoaYslhska yd wd.ka;=lhska
ms,sn|j woyila .eíj mj;skafkah' isxy,hd
furg ld,dka;rhla Ôj;a jk ,o iajfoaYslhd
f,i;a uqi,audkqjd furgg meñ‚ wd.ka;=lfhla
f,i;a yÿkd .ekSu ksid fndfyda cd;sjd§ woyia
olajkakka m%ldY lr isákafka ,xldfõ tla fmdÿ
kS;shla mej;sh hq;= nj;a uqia,Sï kS;shla wjYH
kï wrdìhg hd hq;= nj;ah'
flfia kuq;a ,xldfõ uqia,sï kS;sh fukau
f;aij,dfuhs" Wvrg kS;sh jeks fm!oa.,sl kS;s
mj;skafkau iajfoaYslhd yd wd.ka;=lhd 18 jk
ishjfia§ wêrdcHjd§ka jgyd .;a wdldrh u;
mokïjhs' 1796 j¾Ifha§ Y%S ,xldj ì%;dkHhka úiska
hg;aúð;lrKhg ,la lrkd úg ì%;dkHhkaf.a
hg;a úð; m%;sm;a;sh jQfha nyq;aj kS;s moaO;shlg
kS;sh hg;a úð;hkag wdkhkh lrkjd;a iu.u
Tjqka ,xldj jeks hg;a úð; rgj, meje;s
iajfoaYSl kS;sj,g wkqj iajfoaYSlhskaj md,kh
l, hq;= hehs ;SrKh fldg ;sì‚' ta wkqj hg;a
úð; ;=, jdih l, bx.%SiS md,lhskag Tjqkaf.a
kS;sh;a" iajfoaYslhskag Tjqkaf.a kS;sh;a ta wkqj
fjka fjkaj l%shd;aul jQfõh' ta jk úg ,xldfõ
iajfoaYSl ck;dj f,i isá Wvrg isxy," my;rg
isxy," fou< yd uqia,sï ck;dj w;r meje;s úúO
kS;s yd pdß;% tla fldg kS;s ix.%y.; lrk ,oafoa
bx.%SiSka úiska'
bx.%SiSka fujeks m%;sm;a;shla wkq.ukh lrk
,oafoa úfYaIfhkau iajfoaYSl m%N+kaf.a iyfhda.
fhka hg;a úð; mßmd,kh lsÍfï Tjqka jl%
md,k ^indirect rule& m%;sm;a;sh ksidfjks' bx.%Siskag
fmr ,xldfõ fjr,nv m%foaY w;am;a lrf.k isá
,kafoaiSka fï jg úg;a bkaÿksishdfõ meje;s uqia,sï
kS;sh Tjqkaf.a ngdúhdkq jHjia:dj yryd ,xldjg
wdkhkh fldg ;snqKq w;r bx.%Sis wêrdcHjd§ka
th iajfoaYSl uqia,sïjrekaf.a kS;shla f,i Tjqkaf.a
hg;a úð; m%;sm;a;sh hgf;a fudfyduvka ix.%h
f,i kS;s.; lrk ,È' tfukau f;aij,dfu kS;sh
hdmkfha fou, ck;dj u;o" Wvrg kS;sh Wvrg

ck;dj u;o l%shd;aul lrk ,o
w;r ,kafoaiSka úiska b;du;a
iSñ; f,i Ndú;d lrk ,o
frdau ,kafoais kS;sh wfkl=;a
ck;djf.a fmdÿ kS;sh f,ig
bx.%Sis mßmd,lhska Tijd ;nk
,§'
fuys§ úfYaIfhkau u;l
;nd .; hq;af;a fuu kS;s
ix.%y ilia lsÍfï§ ,kafoaiSka
yd úfYaIfhkau bx.%Siska
úiska iajfoaYSl;ajh ms,snoj
jQ woyio ks¾udKh lrk
,o njhs' W.kavdkq cd;sl
foaYmd,k úpdrlfhla jk
fudfyduâ udïodks mjid
isákafka iajfoaYslhd hkqu
hg;aúð;jdÈhdf.a ks¾udKhla
jk njhs' ta wkqj isxy," fou<
yd uqia,sï ck;dj iajfoaYslhska
f,i ks¾udKh lrkafka wfkla
lsisjla fkdj hg;a úð; md,k
m%;sm;a;s úisks' flfia fj;;a
fm!oa.,sl kS;sh njg uqia,sï
kS;sh mßj¾;kh jkafka 18
jk Y;j¾Ifha§ ,xldfõ jdih
lrk ,o iajfoaYsl ck;djf.a
kS;shla f,ighs' ta ksidu uqia,sï
fkdjk msßia uqia,sï kS;sh
m%;sixialrKh lsßu ms,noj
jQ l;sldjg we;=¨‍ úh hq;af;a
uqia,sï ck;dj iajfoaYlhska
f,i ms,s.ksñka yd uqia,sï kS;sh
wrdìfhka wdkhkh lrk ,o
wd.ka;=lhdf.a kS;shla f,i
fkdj ,xldfõ jir 250lg
wêl ld,hla meje;s iajfoaYsl
kS;shla f,i ms,s.ksñkah'
wd.ka;=l kS;s m%;sixialrK
ms,snoj wmg l;d l, fkdyels
jqjo iajfoaYsl jQ" wmf.a jQ
kS;s m%;sixialrK ms,snoj
l;d lsÍug ish¨‍ mqrjeishkag
whs;shla ysñ úh hq;=h' ta wkqj
uqia,sï úfrdaë" cd;sjd§ woyia
u.ska uqia,sï iudch uqia,sï
fkdjk iudcfhka fldka lr"
n,y;aldrfhka uqia,sï kS;s
wfydais lrkq fjkqjg wm isÿ
l, hq;af;a uqia,sï iudcho
,xldfõ iudcfha fldgia
f,i ms,s.ekSu;a ta wkqj tu
iudcfha iqúfYaIs;ajh wdrlaId
lrkd w;r;=r tu iudcfha
ish¨‍ idudðlhskag ^ia;%Ska yd
orejka we;=¨‍& ysñ whs;sjdislï
idudkd;au;djd§ f,i j¾Okh
lsÍu;ah'
uqia,sï kS;s m%;sixialrK
ioyd jQ uqia,sï ia;%shf.a
wr.,h ieneúkau cd;s"
wd.ï" ia;%S mqreI iudcnj
yd ,sx.sl;ajh u;
mSvdjg yd fjkia fldg
ie,lSug ,lajk ish¨‍
ck;djf.a wr.,hla njg
wksjd¾hfhkau mßj¾;kh
úh hq;=j ;sfí'
iudkd;au;djh kS;s
m%;sixialrKhg moku f,i
jir 250 la muK mer‚
kS;shla jk ksidu uqia,sï
kS;sh ilia ù we;af;a ish¨‍
ñksiqka yd .eyeKqka iudkhka
f,i i,lñka fkdfõ' 1951
uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido mk;
kS;s.; lrk ,oafoa óg jir
70lg muK by;§ jk w;r
miq.sh ld,h ;=, ia;%shf.a
iudc" wd¾Ól yd foaYmd,ksl
wjldYh mq¨‍,a ù we;' ta ksid
uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido mk;
iudkd;au;djfha uQ,O¾uhg
wkql+, jk mßÈ läkñka
m%;sixialrKh úh hq;=j ;sfí'
WodyrKhla f,ig .;fyd;a
uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido kS;sh
hgf;a ia;%shlg iajleue;af;ka
újdy .súi .; fkdyels jk
w;r mjqf,a msßñ jeäysáfhlaf.a
wkque;sh wksjd¾hh fõ' ia;%Ska
hkq mqreIhskag jvd wvq nqoaêhla
iys; fyda ke;skï ia;%Ska hkq
mqreIhdf.a foam,la hehs i,lk
,o hq.h wm miq lr meñK
we; ksid ia;%Skag iajleue;a;
wkqj újdyhg we;=,;a ùug we;s
whs;sh wdrlaId jk mßÈ ish¨‍
kS;s m%;sixialrKh úh hq;= fõ'
uqia,sï msßñhdg idfmalaIj
wiudk jkjd fiau uqia,sï
ia;%sh fjk;a cd;sl ia;%Skag
idfmalaIjo fjkia fldg
ie,lSug ,la fjhs' ,xldfõ
wfkl=;a ia;%Skag újdy ùfï
wju jhi jkafka wjqreÿ 18 jqjo
uqia,sï oeßúhka wjqreÿ 12 ;rï
jQ wvq jhil§ újdy lr §ug
kS;suh yelshdjla mj;S' ,xldfõ
jHjia;dfõ 12 jk j.ka;shg
wkqj l=uk cd;shlg" wd.ulg
17
fyda ,sx.sl;ajhlg wh;a jqjo
ish¨‍ mqrjeishkag iudk f,i
kS;sfha wdrlaIdj ,nd Èh hq;= nj
;yjqre lr we;s uq;a uqia,sï ia;%sh
ish cd;sh" wd.u yd ,sx.sl;ajh
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
ksidfjka nrm;, f,i fjkia
fldg ie,lSïj,g Ndckh jk
nj b;du;a meyeÈ,s fõ'
ta wkqj uqia,sï fkdjk
iudch fuu kS;s m%;sixialrK
ms,snoj idlÉPd l, hq;af;a
iafjda;a;ujdoh yd n,y;aldrh
u; mokïj fkdj ish¨‍ cd;Ska"
wd.ï" ia;%S mqqreI iudcndjhkaf.
ka hq;a ck;dj idukhkah
hk uQ,O¾uhg hg;ajhs' wmg
iudchla f,i ish¨‍ fokdf.a
whs;sjdislï j¾Okh lr .;
yels jkafka fjkialï fjkia
fldg ie,lSïj,g fya;= fkdjk
yd mSvdjg m;a lsÍïj,g fya;=
fkdjk idudkd;au;djd§ kS;s
m%;sixialrKhka yryd mu‚'
oekg uqia,sï kS;s
m%;sixialrK ms,snoj idlÉPd
lsÍug uqia,sï fkdjk iudch
;=, Ndú;d jk cd;sjd§ NdIdj
yd woyia ;=,ska isÿ lrkafka
tu kS;s m%;sixialrK läkï
lr mj;sk mSvl yd wiudk
kS;sj,ska úkaÈ;ndjhg m;a
ia;%Skaf.a whs;sjdislï wdrlaId
lrkq fjkqjg uqia,sï yd uqia,sï
fkdjk iudch nrm;, f,i
folv lsÍu;a uqia,sï wkkH;djh
,dxlsl wkkH;djfhka neyer jQ
hula f,ig ia:dk.; lsÍu;ah'
thg m%;súreoaO f,i wm isÿ l,
hq;af;a uqia,sï kS;sh ,xldfõ
kS;shla f,i Y;j¾I .Kkdjla
meje;s nj y÷kd .ksñka tys
we;s cd;sl yd ft;sydisl
iqúfYaIS;ajh wdrlaId lrñka
th m%;sixialrKh lsÍu;a
uqia,sï ia;%shg jevodhS ,dxlsl
mqrjeisfhl= f,i lghq;= lsÍug
ndOd lrkd cd;s" wd.ï yd ia;%S
mqreI iudcnj u; mokï jQ
ish¨‍ fjkia fldg ie,lSï
wjika lsÍu;ah' ta wkqj uqia,sï
kS;s m%;sixialrK ioyd jQ uqia,sï
ia;%shf.a wr.,h ieneúkau
cd;s" wd.ï" ia;%S mqreI iudcnj
yd ,sx.sl;ajh u; mSvdjg yd
fjkia fldg ie,lSug ,lajk
ish¨‍ ck;djf.a wr.,hla njg
wksjd¾hfhkau mßj¾;kh úh
hq;=j ;sfí' •
18
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
kS;sfha
l¨ i¿
bj;a l< hq;af;a
wehs@
;=Idr ufkdaÊ
uq
ia,sï újdy yd Èlalido
kS;sh ixfYdaOkh lrk
f,i b,a,d isáñka uqia,sï
ldka;d l%shdldߌka msßila fï
Èkj, úúO idlÉPd mj;ajñka
isá;s' tu idlÉPd j, uQ,slu
woyi f.dkq jkafka kS;suh
ixfYdaOkhla iïnkaOfhka
jqj o tys háfm<ska lshfjkafka
ldka;djf.a YÍrhg we;s whs;sh
yd th Wÿrd .ekSu je<elaùu
;yjqre lr .ekSug ork
W;aidyhla nj fmfkkakg
;sfí' Wv/áhkag tla újdy
kS;shl=;a" uqia,sï jrekag ;j
újdy kS;shl=;a tfia fkdjk
whg idudkH kS;shl=;a
;sîfukau újdyh yd iïnkaO;d
jd¾.sl yd N+f.da,Sh iSudjka
j,ska ne| ;nk tajd nj fmfka'
1951 wxl 13 ork uqia,sï
újdy yd Èlalido mk;
n,meje;afjkafka bia,dï
Nla;slhska úiska isÿ lr.kakd
újdyhka ioyd mu‚' wjYH kï
bia,dï Nla;slhskag idudkH
kS;sh hgf;a o újdy úh yels
w;r" tf,i újdy jqjfyd;a
Tjqkaf.a újdy iïnkaO;d"
foam< yd Èlalido iïnkaOfhka
n,mj;ajkafka idudkH kS;shhs'
1951 j¾Ifha§ y÷kajd ÿka fuu
mk; yryd idlÉPd úh hq;=
úfYaI lreKq lsysmhla .ek
wjOdkh fhduq lruq' m<uqjekak
uqia,sï újdy kS;sh hgf;a újdy
ùfï wju jhi fkdolajk w;r
mkf;a 47 ^1& ^i& j.ka;shg
wkqj wjqreÿ 12 g wvq .eyeKq
<ufhl=g jqjo" ld;sjrhdf.a
wjirh we;=j újdy úh yelsh'
uqia,sï újdy kS;shg wkqj nyq
Nd¾hd újdy i|yd wjirhla
mj;sk w;r wjYH kï ish¨‍u
Nd¾hdjkag iudkj i,lkafka
hehs olajñka újdy y;rla
isÿlr.; yelsh' uqia,sï újdy
yd Èlalido mk;g wkqj ia;%S
md¾Yajh fjkqfjka weh újdyhg
wkque;sh ,nd fok njg
w;aika lrkafka weh fkdfõ'
jd,sjrhd kñka y÷kajk wehf.a
Ndrlrejhs' fuu mk;g wkqj
uqia,sï mqreIfhl=g ;u ìß|f.ka
ffjjdysl jrola isÿ fkdjQj;a"
wjYH kï weh ;ukag hq;=lï
bgq fkdlrkafka hehs olajñka
ld;sjrhdg meñ‚,s fldg
Èlalidoh ,nd .; yelsh' fuu
lreKq j,g wu;rj idOkSh
yd ksfYaOkSh lreKq rdYshla
fuu újdy yd Èlalido mkf;ys
mj;sk w;r" Bg wu;rj
idïm%odhsl;ajh yd hq;=lï f,i
i,ld l%shd;aul jk fjk;a
pdß;% úê o mj;S' oEjeoao tys
m%uqL wx.hla fõ'
fuu mk; u.ska ldka;djf.a
ip,;djh" YÍrhg we;s ksoyi"
wOHdmkh ,eîfï ksoyi" wd;au
.re;ajhg yd yDo idlaIshg
we;s ksoyi W,a,x>Kh jk
neÆ ne,aug fmfka' woDYHudk
foúhka jykafia flfkl=
úiska jod<d hehs mjiñka
ukqIH Ôú;hg n,mEï t,a,
lrk wdldrfha kS;s yd pdß;%
mj;ajd f.k hñka mqreI uQ,sl
iudc w.;Ska ;j ;j;a ;Sj%
lrk njo meyeÈ,sj fmfka'
uqia,sï ldka;djka úiska miq.sh
jir ;syla muK ld,hla mqrd
fuu mk; ixfYdaOkh lrk
f,i b,a,d isákafka kS;suh
ixfYdaOkhla ms<sn| muKla
fkdjk nj mQ¾jfhka oelajQfha
tneúks' tfy;a fuu mk;
ixfYdaOkh l< hq;af;a wehs hk
idlÉPdj kS;suh ;¾l yd woyia
u; yd wd.ñl u;s u;dka;r u;
muK;a ,>q jk oelsh yelsh'
ldka;djf.a YÍrhg yd ukig

we;s whs;sh;a" thg wd.u úiska
n,y;aldrfhka we;=¿ ùu;a
ms<sn| idlÉPdj isÿjkafka
wvqfjka nj fmfka'
Y%S ,xldfõ kS;sh yd f,dalfha
fndfyda rgj,a j, kS;shg wkqj
mqoa.,fhl=f.a újdy ùfï jhi
f,i olajd we;af;a wjqreÿ 18
iïmQ¾K ùuhs' tfy;a uqia,sï
Èh‚hka wjqreÿ 18 g wvq
jhil§ újdy lr §u fuu mk;
u.ska wkqu; lrhs' fï iïnkaO
jdo lrk yd u;jd§uh jYfhka
.efgk cfuhs;=,a W,ud we;=¿
úúO mqreI uQ,sl lKavdhï
mjikafka oeka ,xldfõ tjeks
újdy isÿ fkdjk njhs' tfy;a
tjeks újdy isÿjk njg fuu
m%;sixialrK b,a,d isák
ldka;djkau lshd isà' fndfyda
úg fuh Ndú;djla jYfhka
mj;skafka ÿmam;a uqia,sï mjq,a
bia,dï wd.u hkq
idufha" ohdkqlïmdfõ
yd iudkd;au;djfha
wd.uls' tfy;a
lajdis Widú j,
isák jfhdajDoaO
ld;sjrekag
iudkd;au;djh
wjYH ke;'
19
j, jk w;r kef.kysr m<d;
yd kqjrt<sh Èia;%slalh fujeks
újdy j,g m%isoaêh Wiq<kq
,nhs' ;reKfhl= fyda ;re‚hl
wvqu ;rfï jhi wjqreÿ 18la jk
f;la j;a isg újdy úh hq;af;a
wehs o hk ldrKh fuys§ i,ld
n,kq jà' m<uqjekak Wiia
wOHdmkhla ,eîug mqreIhd
yd iudk whs;shla ldka;djg o
mej;sh hq;= ùuhs' fojekak YÍr
j¾Okh fõ.fhka isÿ jQjo"
;ukaf.a ,sx.sl leue;a; l=ulao"
;u YÍrh ;ukaf.a ukig
m%;spdr olajkafka flfiao"
újdy jQ miq mjq,la kv;a;=
lsÍu yd mjq,la we;=<; isÿúh
hq;= iïnkaO;d isÿúh hq;af;a
flfiao hkak f;areï .ekSug
yd mßK; ùug hï ld,hla
wjYH fõ' .eyeKq <ufhl=
iïnkaOfhka fuu jhi
;jÿrg;a iqúfYaIs jkafka ,sx.sl
l%shdldrlï yd m%ckk ld¾hh
i|yd wehf.a YÍrh iQodkï
úh hq;= ùu yd ksfrda.S úh hq;=
ùuhs' .eyeKq orefjl= újdy
lr§u u.ska wehg ;ukaf.a
YÍrh iïnkaOfhka we;s whs;sh
wysñ jk w;r" weh iïnkaO
md,kh mqreIfhl= w;g m;afõ'
tu md,kh wehf.a ,sx.sl;ajh"
m%ckkh muKla fkdj uki
md,kh lsÍu olajd mq¿,a jk
;rfï mqreI uQ,sl Ndú;djka
uqia,sï iudch ;=< mj;S'
i,ld ne,sh hq;= ;j;a
lreKla kï" ld;sjrhdf.a
wjirh we;=j fjk;a újdy
lr .ekSug uqia,sï mqreIhdg
we;s whs;shhs' tu whs;sh
ldka;djg fkdue;s w;r i,ld
nef,kafka uqia,sï mqreIhdf.a
wd¾Ól yelshdj mu‚' ,sx.sl yd
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
yeÕSu;a úkdY lr ouñka ;u
udkisl B¾IHdj yd ukqIH;ajh ieñhd fjk;a ldka;djla iu.
iïnkaO lreKq i,ld n,k fnod .ekSug isÿùu kS;suh
úg fuu Ndú;dj ldka;djlg
fudk ;rï m%udKhlska ord
wK mk;a mfil,d is;=j
fyd;a ukqIH;ajh yd ord .ekSu
.ekSug yels o hkak is;d ne,sh iïnkaOj ixfõ§ lreKls' wehg
hq;=h' fkdokakd jhil§ fjk;a újdy ùug wehf.a leue;a;j;a
ksfjilg meñK" iQodkï ke;s
YÍrhla iu. ,sx.sl w;Dma;slr
m%ldY lsÍug fkdyelsj" weh
fjkqjka Ndrlrefjl= wkque;sh
Ôú;hla f.jd" wd.ñl jYfhka" ,nd§uu uqia,sï iudch ldka;dj
iudcuh jYfhka fldka jQ yd isr iïnkaOfhka olajk wdl,amh
fldg ;nk Ôú;hla f.jd ouk
ldka;djg we;s tlu iekiSu
fudkjg meyeÈ,s lrhs' foúhka
jykafia fyda lsisÿ wdldrhl
weh lsishï u fyda mjq,lg wd.ñl Ydia;Djrfhl= fyda ñksia
whs;sh hk yeÕSu mu‚' tu
20 uki yd yeÕSï ì,a,g .ekSu wkqu; lrkafka
ke;' tfy;a ldka;djla NdKavhla jYfhka yd
mj;S' tfy;a uqia,sï ldka;djka Tjqkaf.a W;aidyh
w;ayer oud ke;' Tjqka jeo.;a fohla u;la lr
foam<la jYfhka is;Su yd wjYH wjia:djl úl=Kd isà' ta Tjqka fuu m%;sixialrK b,a,d isákafka
oeóu lsishï kS;shla u.ska wkqu; lrhs kï fuu mk; yryd uqia,sï ldka;djkag nrm;,
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

tjeks kS;shla ;ndf.k isàu ;rï wYsIag;ajhla widOdrK isÿ jk njg we;s idlaIs o iu.h' tu
;j;a ke;' tfy;a mqreI uQ,sl iudc w.;Ska yd idlaIs j, ì÷Kq mjq,a" f.!rjh wysñ lsÍï" uqia,sï
mqreIdêm;Hh ;yjqre lrk wdldrfha iudc .eyeKq orejkaf.a wOHdmk whs;sh fld,a,lEï
w.hhka jkaokd lsÍug reÑ Y%S ,xldjla ;=< uqia,sï hkd§ ksy`v fõokdjka fodaxldr foñka ;sfí'
újdy yd Èlalido kS;sh .ek mqÿufhka is;sh hq;= f*ßh,a wIafrdama" w¾ñid à.,a" yidkd fia.=
o ke;' bi§ka jeks uqia,sï ldka;d whs;sjdislï iïnkaOj
miq.sh wfma%,a ui mdial= m%ydrh;a iu. fndfyda fmkS isák l%shdldß‚hka uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido
uqia,sï Ndú;djka m%Yak lsÍug ,la jQ w;r ta mk; iïnkaO idlÉPdj,§ úfYaI woyila lshd
u;ska f.dv ke.=kq isà' ta Tjqka bia,dï
iudc l;sldjka wd.u hkq idufha"
w;ßka uqia,sï újdy ohdkqlïmdfõ yd
yd Èlalido mk; iudkd;au;djfha
iïnkaO l;sldj uqia,sï ldka;djkag jvd uqia,sï wd.ula f,i ms<s.
m%n,j biau;= úh' msßñka n,j;ah' Tjqkag jvd uqia,sï kakd njhs' tfy;a
th ñksidf.a whs;sh lajdis Widú j, isák
iïnkaOj m%Yak lrk uka;%Sjreka weu;sjreka n,j;ah" jfhdajDoaO ld;sjrekag
w;ru" ldka;djf.a Tjqkag;a jvd W,udjre yd W,ud iudkd;au;djh
,sx.sl;ajhg we;s ixúOdkh n,j;ah' foúhka ;j wjYH ke;' Tjqkag
whs;sh;a" th md,kh yßyuka Widúhlao
lsÍug uqia,sï msßñ ÿrg;a m,a,sfha ke;' ke;' Tjqkaf.a f,dalh
iudch úiska W;aidy ;=< foúhka o ke;'
ork wYsIagNdjh;a Tjqka bia,dï O¾uh
m%Yak lrhs' mdial= lshjd we;af;a mqreI
m%ydrfhka miqj uQ,sl w¾:fhks' Tjqka
uqia,sï m%cdj b,lal iy W,ud ixúOdkh
lr .ksñka isÿ jQ tlaj ldka;djf.a ,sx.
fndfyda idlÉPd yd sl;ajh yd YÍrhg we;s
l%shdkaú; cd;sjd§ whs;sh iïnkaOfhka
fyda wd.ï úfrdaë flaj,a lsÍfï l%Svdjla
iajrEmhla .;a kuq;a" isÿ lrñka isá;s' tu
fuu mk; iïnkaO flaj,a lsÍu u.ska
idlÉPdj .;af;a ldka;dj muKla
whs;sjdislï yd fkdj ukqIH;ajhg
ukqIH;ajh iïnkaO we;s jákdluo flaj,a
me;a;hs' th ;j;a fjñka ;sfí' lajdis
m%n, ùug n,mEfõ uqia,sï iudc Ndú;djlg Widú j," uKav, j, ldka;d cQß iNslhska isàu"
tfrysj uqia,sï iudcfhkau meñ‚ yඞla ùu ksidh' Tjqka újdy frðiag%d¾jreka f,i lghq;= lsÍu
th j¾Kj;a jQfha ksfjig ù isàug n, lrkq u.ska iudc iudk;ajh we;sjk wdldrh ms<sn|
,enQ *d;sud,dg yd l=vd ld,fha§u újdy ùug Tjqka is;kakg j;a nhh' újdy j,g ukud,shf.a
n, lrkq ,enQ ridkd,dg ukqIH;ajh iïnkaO leue;a;" w;aik wksjd¾h lsÍfï fhdackd foi
n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla we;s lrùug uqia,sï ldka;djka Tjqka n,kafka ffjÍ yeÕSfuks' Nd¾hdjf.a
msßilau bÈßm;a ùu ksidh' foudmshka úiska ,ndfok oEjeoao fyj;a lhsl=,sh
mqÿuhlg fuka Y%S ,xld md¾,sfïka;=j ksfhdackh Èlalido wjia:djl§ kej; Nd¾hdjg mjrd §u
lrk uqia,sï uka;%Sjre iEu fokd mdfya uqia,sï .ek Tjqka is;kafka msßñ lug uÈ mqxÑ lula
ldka;d ksfhdað;jßhka úiska b,a,d isák ixfYdaOk f,ih'
ms<s.kq ,enQy' ta fjkqfjka md¾,sfïka;=fõ§ l;d uqia,sï ldka;djkag jvd uqia,sï msßñka n,j;ah'
lrk nj o" uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido mk; Tjqkag jvd uqia,sï uka;%Sjreka weu;sjreka n,j;ah"
ixfYdaOkhg wjYH ish¨‍u W;aidyhka ork nj o Tjqkag;a jvd W,udjre yd W,ud ixúOdkh n,j;ah'
Tjqyq fmdfrdkaÿ jQy' tfy;a W,ud ixúOdkh we;=¿ foúhka ;j ÿrg;a m,a,sfha ke;' idm,;a oEiska yd
wka;jd§ yd mqreIjd§ lKavdhï jvd;a n,iïmkak fk;a flfjks u; Èÿ<k n,dfmdfrd;a;=fõ l÷¿
nj Tjqkag wu;l jQ ksidu miqj we;s jq n,mEï jEiafik uqyqKqj,ska hq;=j *d;sud,d wfmalaIdjka
j, m%;sM,hla f,i Tjqkaf.a fmdfrdkaÿ yd uqia,sï o,ajd n,d isákq we;' •
ldka;d kdhsldjkaf.a n,dfmdfrd;a;= Èhdre fjñka

uqia,sï kS;sh .ek
fláfhka
kS;s{ liqka uqKisxy
uqia,sï
kS;sh
wod, jkafka
ldg o@
Wm;ska uqia,sï cd;slhka jQ whg iy
miqj bia,dï wd.u je<|.ekSu ksid
uqia,sï cd;slhka njg m;a jQ whg
uqia,sï
újdy
kS;sh
• 1951 wxl 31 ork uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido
mk; fuys § wod< fõ' fï mk; 8 j;djla
ixfYdaOkh ù we;s w;r wjika jrg 2013
wxl 24 ork mk;ska ixfYdaOkh ù we;'
fuys 23 j.ka;sh wkqj jhi wjqreÿ 12 la
imqrd ke;s .eyekq <uhl= yg újdy úh
fkdyel' tfy;a <uhd jdih lrk m%foaYfha
lajdisjrhd úiska ta ioyd wkque;sh ,nd foa
kï" tjeks újdyhla isÿ l< yels h'
• 24 j.ka;sh wkqj uqia,sï msßñfhl= yg
nyqNd¾h fiajkh kS;Hkql+, fõ' mk; ;=<
újdy úh yels Wmßu Nd¾hdjka ixLHdjla
olajd fkdue;s jqj o" l=rdKhg wkqj tu
ixLHdj 4 la njg mejfia'
• tfy;a tfia újdy ùug kï" wod<
ldka;dj újdy lr .ekSug Èk 30 lg fmr
weh Ôj;a jk m%foaYfha lajdisjrhd fj;
l,ska ta nj iúia;rd;aulj oekqï Èh hq;=
h' nyq újdyhla isÿ lrk wjia;djl fuh
wksjd¾fhka wkq.ukh l< hq;= w;r tfia
fkdlsÍu ovqjï ,eìh yels jrola fõ'
• túg lajdisjrhd úiska tu ksfõokh Tyqf.a
n, m%foaYhg wh;a ish¨‍ u cqïud m,a,sj,
m%o¾Ykh lrñka m%isoaO lrkq we;'
• flfia fj;;a 16 j.ka;sh olajd we;af;a ksis
mßÈ ,shdmÈxÑ lsÍula isÿ fkdú ;sîu u;
muKla uqia,sï újdyhla wj,x.= fkdjkq
we;s nj hs'
• tfia u uqia,sï újdyhl § msßñhd úiska
ldka;dj fj; odhdo msßkeóu isÿ lrk
w;r th wksjd¾h wx.hla f,i ie,fla'
fuh uy¾ kï fõ' ldka;djg o msßñhd
fj; odhdoh Èh yels w;r th wksjd¾h
fkdfõ'
21
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
Èlalido lsÍu
m%Odk jYfhka
fldgia 2 lg
fnfoa'
ieñhd úiska Èlalido lsÍu - 27 j.ka;sh
ieñhd úiska ìßoj Èlalido lsÍfï l%u 4 la
we;'
• ;,la Èlalidoh
;u ìßof.ka fjkaùu ioyd z;,dlaz
m%ldYh lsÍfuka Èlalidoh ,nd .ekSu'
• ,shka Èlalidoh
Nd¾hdj wkdpdrfha yeisÍu ksidfjka
lrkq ,nk Èlalidoh
• b,d Èlalidoh
ìßo iu. udi 4l ld,hla mqrdjg ,sx.sl
ixi¾.h fkdmeje;aùu Èjqreula u; isÿj
we;s úfgl mekk.sk Èlalidoh
• Isyd¾ Èlalidoh
ìßo iu. ;ykï {d;s ino;djla we;s
njg fy<s jQ úg mekk.sk Èlalidoh
ìßo úiska Èlalido lsÍu - 28 j.ka;sh
*dId Èlalidoh kñka fuh yeÈkafõ'
ieñhd úiska ;udg fkdi,ldd isáu iy
uqia,sï kS;sh ;=< zjerÈZ jYfhka i,lk l%shd
isÿ lsÍu fujeks Èlalidohla ,nd .ekSu
ioyd ksñ;s fõ' ^Wod - l%Er;ajfhka ie,lSu"
oafõYiy.;j w;ayer hdu" wkdpdrh&
uqia,sï foam< kS;sh
uqia,sï mqoa.,hkaf.a wka;su leu;s m;%
ioyd uqia,sï kS;sh wod< fkdfõ' thg wod<
jkafka rfÜ idudkH fmdÿ kS;sh hs'
tfy;a wka;su leu;s m;%hla fkdue;sj
ñh .sh uqia,ï cd;slhl=f.a foam<j,g wod<
jkafka 1931 wxl 10 ork uqia,sï f;ia;fïka;=
rys; foam< wkqm%dma;s mk; hs'
tys 2 j.ka;shg wkqj wka;su leu;s m;%hla
fkdue;sj ñh .sh uqia,ï cd;slhl=f.a foam<
fn§ hdfï § uqia,sï kS;sh wod< fõ'
22
Y%S ,xldfõ
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

<ud újdy
Angel Boligan

uqia,sï újdy kS;sh ,xldjg meñfKkafka 1770 § n;dúh fkdfyd;a bkaÿkSishdfõ

cl¾;d fj;sks' tneúka th lsisfia;au ,xldfõ Wmka kS;shla fkdfõ'
 jeä m%udKh 2000 olajd tl,§u wvq úh' tfia
jqjo uqia,sï m%cdj w;r jd¾Islj wjqreÿ 18g wvq
mqoa.,hkaf.a újdy oyilg wdikak m%udKhla
23
;ju;a jd¾Islj isÿ fõ'
,dnd, mqoa.,hka Ôj úoHd;aulj o" iudcuh

iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

oñ;a pkaÈud,a jYfhka o" orejka je§ug iy újdy ùug fkdiqÿiq
nj;a" tjeks mqoa.,hkag ,efnk orejkag fukau"

, xldfõ <ud újdy isÿ ùu uE;§ kej;;a

l;dnyg ,la jQfha uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido
mk; (MMDA) iïnkaOfhka uE;§ we;s jQ
idlÉPdj;a iu`.h' tfia jqjo fuu idlÉPdj
tjeks ;reK ujqjrekag o ta ksid ldhsl" udkisl
jYfhka ydksodhl m%;sM, we;s úh yels nj;a
j¾;udk u;hhs' tfiau wvq jhia újdy hkq <ud
whs;sjdislï lv lsÍuls' flfkl=f.a <ud ld,h
uE;§ u;= jkafka mdial= m%ydrfhka miqj we;sjk wysñ lsÍuls' tneúka ujqmsh leue;a; hgf;a jqj o
uqia,sï NS;sldjla iu. ùu lK.dgqjg lreKls' wvq jhia újdy lsisfia;au isÿ fkdl< hq;= fõ'
mdial= m%ydrfha WKqiqu uelS .sh miq h<s;a fï 1995 § Wvrg újdy kS;sh ixfYdaOkh lsÍug
ldrKh wu;l lr oeóug lghq;= isÿ fjñka mj;S' iudka;r f,i wjqreÿ 16lg wvq <uhl= iu.
leue;a; iys;j ,sx.slj yeisÍula isÿ jqjfyd;a
<ud újdy iy ,xldfõ iïm%odhsl kS;s th zjHjia:dms; ¥IKhZ la f,i kï lrk ,§' ta
,xldfõ kS;s ;=kla hgf;a újdy úh yelsh' wkqj uqia,sï kS;sh hgf;a jqj wvq jhia mqoa.,hl=
tkï idudkH újdy kS;sh" Wvrg újdy kS;sh iu. újdy ù isáh o ,sx.slj yeisÍ we;akï th
iy uqia,sï újdy kS;shhs' Wvrg mqoa.,hkag ;ud jHjia:dms; ,sx.sl ¥IKhla f,i ie,lsh yels
leue;s kï idudkH újdy kS;sh hgf;a o újdy ovqjï ,eìh yels jrols' tfia jqjo jHjia:dms;
úh yelsh' tfia jqj;a uqia,sï mqoa.,hl=g idudkH ,sx.sl ¥IKhg ,lafjk újdy jQ oeßhlg ;u
kS;sh hgf;a újdy ùug fyda fjk;a ckj¾.j,g ieñhdg úreoaOj meñ‚,s lsÍug bvla ,efnkafka
whs;s mqoa.,hkag Wvrg fyda uqia,sï újdy kS;s ke;s ;rïh'
fol hgf;a újdy ùug kS;suh l%ufõohla ke;' <ud újdy foi ckjd¾.sl ldpfhka Tíng
tfiau idudkH kS;sh hgf;a újdy ùu i|yd fyda ne,sh hq;=h'
fjk;a ldrKhla i|yd ,xldfõ
mqrjeishl=g wd.u$ckjd¾.sl;ajh
w;a yeÍug we;s ysñlu ms<s
.efkkafka o ke;'
,xldfõ w;S;fha isgu úúO
ckfldgia w;r wvq jhia újdy"
nyq mqreI újdy fukau" nyqNd¾hd
újdy o olakg ,enqks' tfia kuq;a
ld,h iu. fïjd fndfyduhla
fjkiaùïj,g ,laù we;'
j¾;udkfha Ndú;d jk uqia,sï
újdy yd Èlalido mk; iïu; lr
.;af;a 1951 §h' Wvrg újdy mk;
iïu; lr .;af;a 1952 §h' Y%S
,xldfõ fm!oa.,sl uqia,sï kS;shg
wod<j ld;s (Quazi) kï fjku
wêlrK moaO;shla o mj;S'
1995 jk f;la Wvrg újdy
kS;sh hgf;a o újdy jk kS;suh
jhi f,i ms<s .;af;a ldka;djkag wjq 12" iy rEmh - 1994-2003 w;r ckj¾.j,g wkqj ,xldfõ
msßñkag wjq 16 f,ih' tfia jqj o 1995 § fuu wvq jhia újdy ms<sn| ixLHd o;a; ^Wmqgd .ekSu- o
kS;sh ixfYdaOkh lr újdy ùfï kS;Hdkql+, jhi is,ajd" wurisß ^2009& “Desk Review And Basic Field
wjq 18 f,i ixfYdaOkh lr" jhia iSud idudkH Data On Child Marriages, Statutory Rape And Under Age
kS;shg iudk njg m;a lrk ,§' tfia jqjo jvd;a Sex” wdpd¾h Wmdêh i|yd isÿ l< ksnkaOkh&
m%YakldÍ uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido kS;sh tys§ o
lsisÿ ixfYdaOkhlg ,la jQfha ke;' tu kS;shg by; ixLHd o;a; me/‚ jqj;a fuu rgdj ;jÿrg;a
wkqj újdy ùug wju jhila we;af;a ke;s w;r" ;ju;a mj;sk nj fmfka' 2012 jif¾ ksl=;a l<
jhi wjqreÿ 12lg wvq ldka;djla újdy lr .kafka frðiag%d¾ fckrd,a fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska ksl=;a
kï ld;s úksiqrejrhl=f.a wjirh iys;j újdy l< jd¾;djlg o wkqj tu jif¾ o Y%S ,xld
lr .; yelsh' urlal, ckjd¾.slhka w;r wjqreÿ 18g wvq jhia
1995 § Wvrg kS;sfha isÿ jQ fuu kS;s ixfYdaOkh újdy 1024 la o" uef,a jd¾.slhka w;r tjeks
ksid jd¾Isl jYfhka isÿ jQ <ud újdy 6000lg újdy 22la o isÿ ù we;' tfiau yßks wuriQßh
24
iy idú;%s .=Kfialr úiska
isÿ lr" 2013 jif¾ § hqksfi*a
wdh;kh úiska m%ldYhg m;a
l< zY%S ,xldfõ <ud újdy
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
ms<sn| u;= fjñka we;s ie,lsh
hq;= ldrKd iy isoaê wOHhkZ
kï m¾fhaIKfha isxy," fou<
wd§ úúO ckj¾.j,g wh;a
mqoa.,hkaf.a wvq jhia újdy
iïnkaO isoaê 71la jd¾;d lr
we;' bka 49la jHjia:dms; ,sx.sl
¥IK fõ' tfia jqjo tu újdy
kS;s úfrdaë fjk w;r" ,shdmÈxÑ
lrkafka kï tfia lr we;af;a
jhi ;yjqre lrk idjoH
,shlshú,s bÈßm;a lsÍfuks'
fulS lreKq i,ld n,k
l, ,xldfõ <ud újdy ms<sn|
.eg¿j yqfola uqia,sï .eg¿jla
f,i u;= lsÍu je/È tlla jqj;a"
fuh uqia,sï .eg¿jla f,i
u;= lsÍug fya;=jk foaYmd,k
yd kS;suh frÔuhkaf.a iy
mqreIdêm;Hfha n, Ndú;djka
.ek úpdrYS,sj ne,Su jeo.;a
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iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
fudyuâ ìka i,auka
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kï jvd;a iqÿiq nj uu is;ñ'
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27
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
fi!È wrdìh wkq.ukh
l< ,dxlsl uqia,sïjreka
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m%;sixúOdk o wkq.ukh
l< hq;= hhs uu fhdackd
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Tgqkak ysñ l=ure jk fudyuâ ìka i,auka fyj;a
MbS trg ldka;d ksoyi iqrlaIs; lrñka hhs'
fuu m%;sixúOdk werUqfKa fuhg l,ska isá rcq
jk wíÿ,a,d f.a iufha§h' ta iufha§ cd;sl Y=rd
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mdúÉÑ lsÍugo rg ;=< mqreIhkaf.a wjirhlska
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28
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uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido mk; ixfYdaOkh lsÍug
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8
ld;s wêlrKj, wêlrK n,h kej; w¾: ksrEmKh lrkq ,nk w;r
tajdfha ;;a;ajh Wiia lrkq ,efí' ta wkqj kv;a;= whlr.ekSu i|yd
;u ksfhda. l%shd;aul lrùu i|yd n,;, ld;sjrekag ysñ fõ' oekg
;sfnk mk; wkqj" ta i|yd fjk;a wêlrKhl msysg me;sh hq;=h'

9 uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido WmfoaYk uKav,h m%;sjHQy.; lsÍu' tu lñgqfjys

ldka;d ksfhdackh ;yjqre lsÍu'

10 uqia,sï ldka;djka újdy f,alïjreka f,i m;alsÍu'

11 uqia,sï Èlalidoj,§ isÿjk widOdrKlï je<elaùu i|yd kS;s iïmdokh'

30

fï uqia,sï wef.a y`vhs

iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido mk; ixfYdaOkh lrkakehs b,a,ñka uqia,sï ldka;djka

oYl ;=kla mqrd wLKavj wr., lr ;sfí' tys m%;sM,hla jYfhka fuu mk;
ixfYdaOkh lsÍu i|yd jk fhdackdj bÈßm;a lsÍu i|yd wêlrK wud;HxYh ysgmq
fYa%IaGdêlrK úksiqre i,Sï u¾Y+‍*a uy;df.a m%Odk;ajfhka m;al< lñgqj úiska
ilia lrk ,o jd¾;dj miq.sh jif¾ ckjdß 22 jeksod wêlrK wud;Hjrhd fj;
ndrfokq ,eîh' uqia,sï weue;sjreka iy md¾,sfïka;= uka;%Sjreka úiska mßYS,kh
lrk ,o fuu jd¾;dj" Tjqkaf.ao fhdackdjka iys;j wêlrK wud;Hjrhd fj;
bÈßm;a lsÍfï wjika wÈhrg meñK isá nj udOH uÕska oek.kakg ,enqKo
cuhs;=,a W,ud ixúOdkh óg tfrysj ish úfrdaO;d m< lsÍu;a iu`. fï jk úg
fuu kS;sh ixfYdaOkh lsÍu iïnkaO újdoh iudc biau;a;g meñK ;sfí'
ta wkqj uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido mk; läkñka ixfYdaOkh lsÍug lghq;=
lrkakehs b,a,ñka cq,s 26 jeksodfõ uqia,sï ldka;d l%shdldÍ cd,h udOH yuqjla
le|ùh' ysgmq wud;Hjßhl jk f*ßh,a wIafrd*a" kS;s{ t¾ñid à.,a we;=¿ uqia,sï
l%shdldÍkshka /ila fuys§ woyia oelajQ w;r fuu ixfYdaOkhg we;=<;a úh hq;=
lreKq .Kkdjlao Tjqyq fuys§ fmkajd fokq ,enqy'

uqia,sï kS;sh ;=< jerÈ ;sfhkjd wúYajdihla keye' kuq;a ta kS;s Í;s ukqIHhd
úiska f.k tafï§ Tjqka úiska fuhg we;=<;a lr
ysgmq wud;H f*ßh,a wIar*a ;sfnk foaj,a iïnkaOjhs wmsg m%Yakh ;sfnkafk'

w o fï idlÉPd fïihg jvd fjk wms Tlafldau
bia,dï wd.u woyk wh' iuyre ys;kjd
foúhka jykafia wmsg foaYkd lr, ;sfnk
foaj,aj, fjkila we;s lrkakhs wms W;aidy
lrkafka lsh,' kuq;a wms úfYaIfhkau lshkak
´k wms fu;kg weú,a,d idOdrKh b,a,kafka
foúhka jykafia úiska foaYkd lr ;sfnk fohla
fjkqfjka fkfjhs' tfyu b,a,d isákak wmsg
wjia:djla fyda Wjukdjla keye' wms úYajdi
lrkjd foúhka jykafia b;du idkqlïms; nj'
lreKdjka; nj' ta ksidu fohshka jykafia úiska
wmsg mkjd ;sfnk hï hï kS;s Í;s .ek lsisÿ
wms ixfYdaOkh b,a,kafka ukqIHhd úiska wmsg
mkjd ;sfnk fï wKmk;a kS;s Í;s iïnkaOj'
fudlo fï kS;s Í;sj,ska bia,dï wd.u woyk
ldka;djkag;a mqreIhkag;a je/oaola isÿù ;sfnkjd'
foúhka jykafia wms lsisu flfkl=g ta jf.a fok
úÈhg kS;s mkj,d kE' ta ksid wms b,a,d isákafka
foúhka jykafiaf.a ta wisñ; lreKdfõ kdufhka
fï uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido mk; ixfYdaOkh
lrkak lsh,' oekg ;sfnk fuu kS;sfhka bia,dï
wd.u woyk ldka;d wmsg foúhka jykafiaf.a ta
wmßñ; lreKdj fkd,efnk úÈhghs ukqIHd fï
kS;s mkjd ;sfnkafka'

wd.u fkfjhs kSs;sh fjkia lrkak
kS;s{ t¾ñid à.,a
uq
ia,sï újdy yd Èlalido kS;sh 1951 mkjkafka'
fuu kS;sh fjkia lrkak lshk wr.,h wjqreÿ
30 ú;r mrKhs' fï ixfYdaOkh b,a,d isàfï
woyi mek k.skafka uqia,sï iudch ;=<skauhs' msßñ
md¾Yajh úiska ilia lr, bÈßm;a lrmq kS;shla
fï ;sfhkafk' fï kS;s fjkia lrkak neye lsh,
u;hla fldfyj;a keye' ukqIHhd úiska ks¾udKh
lrmq kS;sla ukqIHdg fjkia lrkak mq¿jka' wms
wd.u fjkia lrkak lsh,d b,a,kafka keye' wms
lshkafka kS;sh ixfYdaOkh lsÍug mshjr .kak
lsh,'
wms fï kS;sh fjkia lsÍu iïnkaOfhka l;d
lroaÈ wmsg fpdaokd lrkafka ldka;djka wehs fï
kS;s .ek l;d lrkafka wd.ñl kS;shla fjkia
lsÍu ms<sn`o l;d lrkak ldka;djkag whs;shla
keye lsh,' wms fpdaokdj tfyu ke;akï m%YAkh
wrka ne¨fjd;a fïl kS;shla' kS;shla lshkafka
fyd`o krl fjka lr.ekSug ;sfhk fohla'
kS;shlska ukqIHdg iudchg rglg fyd`ola úh
hq;=hs' wd.u lshkafk;a ukqIHdg iudchg rglg
ish¨u uqia,sïjrekaf.a újdy úh hq;= wju
jhi wjqreÿ 18ls'
uqia,sï ldka;djka lajdis wêlrKj,
úksYaphldr ;k;=re" lajdis uKav,j,
iudðl;ajh" újdy f¾ðiagd¾jre
fukau ;lafiarelrejka ùugo
iqÿiqh'
Èlalidoh fukau
újdyh wfydais lsÍu
i`oydo ia;S%ka fukau
mqreIhkago iudk
whs;sjdislï ;sìh
hq;=h' oslalidohg
uq,a jQfha mqreIhd
jqjo ia;s%h jqjo
ta i`oyd iudk
ls%hdj,shla wkq.ukh
l< hq;= w;r wNshdpkd
i`oyd o iudk wjia:d ysñ
úh hq;=h'
uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido kS;sh iEu
wfhl=gu iudk úh hq;=h'
31
fyd`o úÈhg Ôj;a fjkak lsh, fok fohla'
tfyu kï wd.u jf.au kS;sh lrkafk;a fyd`ola'
ta;a uqia,sï ldka;djka úÈhg wms lshkj kï fï
kS;h ksid wmsg fyd`ola keye' uqia,sï ldka;dfjda
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
fuhska úYd, widOdrKhlg ,la fjkjd' Tjqkag
fuhska úYd, ydkshla fjkjd lsh, ta kS;sfhka
m%fhdackhla keye' wd.u úiska fmkajd oS ;sfnk ta
hym;a nj fï kS;sfha keye' wd.ñl uq,O¾uhkao
mokï lrf.k fï kS;sh fjkia úh hq;= njhs wms
lshd isákafk'
fï kS;sfha ixfYdaOkhla isÿlrkjd kï uqia,sï
ldka;djka orejka uqyqK fok we;a; m%YAk fudkjo
lsh, n,kak ´k' wms fhdackd lrkafka bia,dóh
wd.ñl uQ,O¾u uq,alrf.k ldka;djkaf.a w;aoelSï
uq,a lrf.k iy ,xldfõ kS;shg wdKavql%u
jHjia:dj mgyeks fkdjk úÈhg iudk;ajfhka
ms<s.kak mq¿jka wdldrhg fï kS;sh fjkia úh
hq;= nj' fudlo ojiska oji uqia,sï ldka;djkaf.a
Ôú;j,g fuhska fjk ydksh nrm;<hs' tjeks
ydkshla isÿfjoaÈ fï kS;sfha fldgiska fldgi
fjkia fj,d m%fhdackhla keye' ta fjkia ùfuka
uqia,sï ldka;djka wjqreÿ 30la ;siafia fï kS;sh
ksid w;aúkao nrm;< .eg¨j,g úi`ÿula ,eìh
hq;=hs' •
ukd,hdf.a fukau ukd,shf.ao w;aik
fyda uymgeÕs,s i,l=K" újdyhg
wkque;sh ,ndÿka nj ikd: lsÍu i`oyd
újdy ,shdmÈxÑj,§ w;HjYH fõ'
újdyhl kS;suh nj iy;sl
lsÍu i`oyd újdy ,shdmÈxÑh
wjYH fõ'
jeäysá uqia,sï
ldka;djka yg
újdyhlg we;=<;a
ùu i`oyd {d;s
mqreIfhl=f.a fyda
lajdis wêlrKhl
úksYaphldrjrfhl=f.a
wkque;shla wjYH ke;'
lajdis wêlrK moaO;sh
ixfYdaOkh úh hq;= w;r hqla;sh
i`oyd mqreIhka fukau iA;S%kago iudk
m%fõYhla mej;sh hq;=h'
32
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
frdIdka m%sho¾Yk
md
Éâ fkdfyd;a Parched hkq 2015 § ;sr.;
jQ bkaÈhdkq kdgHdkqidÍ Ñ;%mghls' ,Skd
hdoõ úiska rpkd fldg wOHlaIKh
lrk ,o mdÉâ" bkaÈhdfõ rdcia:dkfha ldka;dr
.ïudkhl ldka;djka isõfofkl= jgd f.;=kls'
h,amek.sh iïm%odhka fukau mqreIdêm;Hh fmrgq
fldg .;a iudchl n,y;aldrfhka isÿlrk <ud
újdy" uQ,H ÿIalr;d" oEjeoao" l,;% iy mjq,a
¥IKh" újdyl ia;%S ¥IK iy YdÍßl yd udkisl
wmfhdackhka yuqfõ mSvdjg m;a jk .eyekqkaf.a
l;dj Ñ;%mghg jia;= úIh ù ;sfí'
idïm%odhsl .eyekshlo ;reK jekaoUqjlo
jk rd‚" orejka fkdue;sj mSvdldÍ l=gqïN.;
Ôú;hla .; lrk ,Êfcda" rd‚ iy ,Êfcda iuÕ
ñ;=re jk k¾;k Ys,amskshl iy ,sx.sl Y%ñldjl
jk ìÊ,s iy rd‚f.a mq;a .=,dí iuÕ újdy
.súi.;a wjqreÿ 15 jhie;s ;re‚hl jk cdkls
hk .eyekqka y;r
fokd uqyqK fok
.eg¨‍ úúO
udkhkaf.ka fuu iskud lD;sh ;=< m%ldYudk fõ'
újdyh iy .eyekshlf.a ,sx.sl Ôú;h ms<sn|j
;SrKh lsÍfï whs;sh mqreI uQ,sl iudchla bosßfha
ì`ojefgk wdldrh;a tjka iudchl uq,anei.;a
iïm%odhka yd j;ams<sfj;a .eyekshlf.a is;Sfï
ksoyig yd Ôj;aùfï whs;shg we;s iSudjka
ks¾Kh lsÍu;a úiska we;s lrk >Ügkhlg
ueÈjk nyq;r bka§h .eyekqkaf.a l;dj mdÉâ
.eyekqka y;r fofkl= Tiafia iskud ;srhla u;g
f.k taug iu;a fõ' fuu ldka;djka y;r fokdu
msßñka yd .efgñka ;u Ôúldj .eg.id.kakg
ork m%h;akh;a iajlSh ksoyi Èkd .ekSug ork
jEhu;a Ñ;%mgh mqrdjg oel .; yelsh'
w;sYh mSä;" mqreIdêm;Hhsl iudc jHqyhl
.eyekqkaf.a ,sx.sl;ajh" újdyh iy Ôú;h
;jÿrg;a Tjqkagu wejeis f,i fkdmj;sk nj
mdÉâ wmg fmkajhs' tfy;a b;d ishqï whqßka
,Skd hdoõ ish iskud lD;sh ;=<ska tu iïm%odhka
fukau tlS iudc ieleiau m%YAk lrkakg mgka
.kS' tla w÷re rd;%shl" fï .eyekqka y;rfokd
tlg tl;= ù Tjqkaf.a Ôú;fha .uka uÕ fjkia
lrk ks¾NS; mshjrla bÈßhg ;n;s' ;ukag wjYH
foa ;SrKh lsÍug ldka;djkag whs;shla we;s nj;a"
Tjqkaf.a wjYH;d iy wdYdjka m%ldY l< yels
nj;a" wmfhdackh iy m%pKav;ajh keje;aùug
Tjqkag n,h we;s nj;a" ,Skd hdoõf.a fuu iskud
is;a;u Tiafia fmkajd foa'
j¾;udkfha ,xldfõ l;dnyg ,lajk uqia,sï
újdy yd Èlalido mk; ms<sn`o l;sldjg fï
yd iu`. wjOdkh fhduqjkafka ks;e;sks' fuu
Ñ;%mgfha tk isoaêoduhka yd tu kS;sh fjkia
brKug
tfrys
.eyekqkaf.a
wr.,h
 w o ,xldfõ uqia,sï
újdy yd Èlalido
kS;sfha hï
ixfYdaOkhla jkafkao
33

iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

ta oYl ;=kla uqia,sï
ldka;djka wfkal mSvdjka
ordf.k f.k .sh
wr.,hl m%;sM,hla
f,ih'
f,dalhg jeä jeäfhka
wjYH jkafka
iajdñmqreIhdf.ka fyda
iudcfhka tk ysxikhka
Wyq,k .eyekqka fkdj
rdKs,d ,Êfcda,d fuka ta
ysxikhg tfrysj igka
lrk .eyekqkah'

nrm;< fodaIhka fya;=fjka

uqia,sï ldka;djka nrm;<
ysxikhkag ,lajk njhs'
wd.u bÈßfhka ;nd kS;sfhka
isÿjk fujeks ysxikhka kQ;k
iudchlg fkd.e,fmkafkah'
iskud lD;sfha tk .eyekqka
fukau ,xldfõo uqia,sï
ldka;djka fï kS;sfhka
lsÍug wod<j wmf.a idlÉPdj b;du;a iómhehs yef`.a' fuys tk ;ukag isÿjk widOdrKhg
cdklS kï wjqreÿ 15la jhie;s ,dnd, ;re‚h ish wlue;af;ka jqjo tfrysj jir ;syla mqrd wkjr;
mjqf,a n, lsÍu yd iïm%odhg wkqj újdy ùu ;=<ska ;u Ôú;fhka wr.,hl ksr;j isá;s'
jkaÈf.kakSh' tu újdyh iu`. wehf.a <ud ld,h úkdYùu yd ldka;dj úIfhys l=uk
fkdis;+ wdldrhl udkisl yd YdÍßl mSvdjkag f.dÿre jk wdldrh iudchl jqjo w;aolskakg we;s
fuys ukdj fmkakqï lrhs' l=vd oeßúhla jk cdklS ;u mq;=g i;Hh fuhhs' tfy;a f,dalh
újdy lr§ug rdKs oEjeoao f,i cdklSf.a foumshka kshu lrk fjkia lsÍug odhl jQ fndfyda
ñ,la wlue;af;k jqjo ,nd§u isÿjkafka ldka;dj ñ,g úlsKSu .eyekqka rdKs,d" ,Êfcda,d
hk w¾:h jHx.fhka fmkajñks' ,Êfcdayg orejka fkdue;shehs fukau ish iSudlï ;uka úiskau
lshñka wef.a iajdómqreIhdf.ka Èkm;d wmfhdackhg ,lajk lvdì`o oeuqjkah' wo ,xldfõ
weh orejka fkdue;slu ;u .eg¨jla fia i,ld ta ish,a, ú`oord uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido kS;sfha
.kS' .eyeksh orejka fkdue;slulu ksidfjka ish¨‍u ysxikhka hï ixfYdaOkhla jkafkao ta
ú|ord .kakd whqre;a mqreIfhl= ;u jerÈ jika lr .ekSug yd ;u oYl ;=kla uqia,sï ldka;djka
ksoyi N=la;sú£ug ìß`o w;fld¨‍jla f,i Ndú;dlrk wdldrh;a wfkal mSvdjka ordf.k f.k
fuys ksrEms;h' orejka ye§u yd ta ms<sn`oj ;SrKh lsÍfï whs;sh .sh wr.,hl m%;sM,hla f,ih'
iïmQ¾Kfhkau mqreI iudcfha whs;shla f,i iudcfha uq,a neif.k tksidu f,dalhg jeä jeäfhka
;sfnk w;r ,Êfcda tu iudc ieleiafï f.dÿrlaj isákakSh' wjYH jkafka iajdñmqreIhdf.ka
,xldfõ uqia,sï újdy yd Èlalido kS;sh ixfYdaOkh lsÍu ms<sn`o fyda iudcfhka tk ysxikhka
idlÉPdjla fï jk úg u;=j ;sfí' ta fjkqfjka jir .Kkdjla Wyq,k .eyekqka fkdj rdKs,d
wr.,fha fhfok uqia,sï l%shdldßkshka lshd isákafka wjqreÿ 12 g ,Êfcda,d fuka ta ysxikhg
wvq .eyeKq <ufhl=g jqjo ld;sjrhdf.a wjirh we;=j újdy ùug tfrysj igka lrk .eyekqkah'
yelsùfuka uqia,sï oeßhkag Tjqkaf.a whs;sjdislï wysñ jk njhs' f,dalh ,iaik jkafka brKug
úfYaIfhkau uqia,sï mqreIhkag nyq újdyhg wjir we;s fyhska tu`. tfrysj igka jeÈ tjka
ska ldka;djka n,j;a widOdrKhlg m;ajk nj;a fuu kS;sfha we;s .eyekqkaf.kah' •
34
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
01
fldgi
i d m h l a o
r gg
19 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh ms<sn| úpdrhla
iuka fifkúr;ak
1
977 jif¾ meje;s md¾,sfïka;= uyd ue;sjrKfha§
md¾,sfïka;=j ;=< yfhka myl n,hla i;= ùu
fya;=fjka 1978 jif¾§ j¾;udk wdKavql%u
jHjia:dj iïu; lr .ekSu i`oyd fÊ' wd¾'
chj¾Ok uy;dg b;d myiq úh' 1977 md¾,sfïka;=
ue;sjrKfha§ tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh kj wd¾Ól
oelaula rgg bÈßm;a lf<ah' tlai;a cd;sl mlaIfha
woyi jQfha fuu wd¾Ól m%;sixialrK i`oyd kj
wdKavql%uhl wjYH;djhla we;s njhs' ta i`oyd
Tjqka y`ÿkajd ÿkafka úOdhl ckdêm;sOqrhla iys;
wdKavql%uhls' fÊ' wd¾' chj¾Ok w.ue;sjrhd
fuu wdKavql%u jHjia:d flgqïm; md¾,sfïka;=j
fj; bÈßm;a lrñka mejiQfõ fuu wdKavql%uh
u.ska wm rg YS>% ixj¾Okhla lrd f.k hk nj;a
iq¿ cd;Skag widOdrKhla isÿ fkdjk nj;ah'
,xld iuiudc mCIh iy fldñhqksiaÜ mlaIh
we;=¿ úmCIfha m%Odk foaYmd,k mlaIh jQ YS% ,xld
ksoyia mCIfha m%n, úfrdaOhka fï i`oyd bÈßm;a
úh' md¾,sfïka;=j ksfhdackh fkdl< o fuu
wdKavql%uh ms<sn`o m%n, úfrdaO;djka ;ykug
,lajQ ck;d úuqla;s fmruqK úiskao t,a, lrk ,§'
wmj;a ù jod, mQcH udÿ¿jdfõ fidaNs; kdysñhka
we;=¿ isú,a l%shdOrhska o fï i`oyd úfrdaO;d
f.dvkexùh'
flfia jqj o 1977 jk úg isßud nKavdrkdhl
ue;skshf.a rch m%n, f,i ck;d wm%idohg ,la
ù ;sîu ksid kj jHjia:djg tfrysj Yla;su;a
ck;d Woaf>daIKhla f.dvkexùug úreoaO
mdCIslhska wfmdfydi;a úh' 1978 iema;eïn¾ 7
Èk md¾,sfïka;=fõ úúO ;¾l ú;¾l ueoafoa fuu
jHjia:d flgqïm; 5$6 l w;s nyq;r Pkaofhka
iïu; jQ w;r fÊ' wd¾' chj¾Ok w.ue;sjrhd
1978 fmnrjdß 4 jeks Èk Y%S ,xldfõ m%:u úOdhl
ckdêm;sjrhd jYfhka Èjqreï ÿkafkah'
bkamiqj meje;ajQ iEu ckdêm;sjrKhl§u
tlai;a cd;sl mlaIfha ckdêm;s wfmalaIlhd
yer fiiq‍ wfmalaIlhska ue;sjrKfha § ck;djg
ÿka m%Odk fmdfrdkaÿj jQfha ;ud n,hg m;a jQ
jydu úOdhl ckdêm;s OQrh wfydais lrk njhs'
th j;auka wdKavql%u jHjia:dj úiska ks¾udKh
lrk ,o úOdhl ckdêm;sOQrh ms<sno u;= jQ

md¾,sfïka;=j ;=< yfhka
fya;=fjka 1978 jif¾§
úfrdaO;djfha m%n,;ajh uek
ne,sh yels ñKqï oKavls¡ Y%S
,xld ksoyia mlaIfhka bÈßm;a
jQ ckdêm;s wfmalaIlhska
jk fylag¾ fldínElvqj"
isßud nKavdrkdhl" pkaøsld
nKavdrkdhl l=udr;=x."
uyskao rdcmlaIo ck;d úuqla;s
fmruqfKa wfmalaIlhska
jk frdayK úfÊùr" ksyd,a
.,mam;a;s" kkaok .=K;s,l
hk wh o ck;djg Èjqrd m%ldY
lf<a ;uka n,hg m;a jQ jydu
úOdhl ckdêm;s Oqrh n, rys;
lrk nj;a j;auka wdKavql%u
jHjia:dj fjkqjg kj wdKavql%u
jHjia:djla iïu; lr .ekSug
l%shd lrk nj;ah' flfia jqj o
lsisÿ mqoa.,fhla ;ud ckdêm;s
OQrhg meñ‚ miqj ue;sjrK
iufha § ck;djg ÿka fmdfrdkaÿ
bgq lsÍug Wkkaÿ jQfõ ke;'
2005 fkdjeïn¾ 19 osk n,hg
m;a ckdêm;s uyskao rdcmlaI
uy;‌ d úiska 2010 iema;eïn¾
8 Èk md¾,sfïka;=jg bÈßm;a
lrk ,o 18 jk wdKavql%u
jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh ;=<ska
ckdêm;sjrfhl= yg OQrh oeÍug
mkj‌ d ;snQ ld, iSudj bj;a
lf<ah' 1978 jHjia:dfõ i`oykaj
;snqfKa fojrla ckdêm;sOqrhg
m;a jQ ;eke;af;l=g ;=ka
jk jrg ckdêm;sOqrh i|yd
;r. l< fkdyels njhs' ;jo"
18 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:dj
md¾,sfïka;=jg bÈßm;a lr
1977 jif¾ meje;s
md¾,sfïka;= uyd
ue;sjrKfha§
myl n,hla i;= ùu
j¾;udk wdKavql%u
jHjia:dj iïu; lr
.ekSu i`oyd fÊ' wd¾'
chj¾Ok uy;dg b;d
myiq úh'
meh 24 la f.fjkakg u;af;ka
iïu; lr .ekSug uyskao
rdcmlaI ckdêm;sjrhd l%shd
lf<a hqoaOfhka ,o ch.%yKh o
ßis fia Ndú;hg .ksñks' fï
i|yd md¾,sfïka;= uka;S%jreka
161 fofkl= mCIj Pkaoh m%ldY
l< w;r 17 fofkl= úreoO
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wu;rj 17 jk wdKavql%u
jHjia:dfjka ia:dmkh lrk ,o
iajdëk fldñIka iNd j, mej;s
iajdëk;ajh wfydais jQ w;r tu
n,;, ckdêm;sjrhdf.a wêldÍ
n,hg hg;a úh'
;;a;ajh fufia ;sìh§ 2015
ckdêm;sjrKh i`oyd uyskao
rdcmlaI ckdêm;sjrhdg
tfrysj ;rÕ lsÍu i|yd fmdÿ
wfmalaIlfhl= fiùug mQcH
udÿ¿jdfõ fidaNs; kdysñhkaf.a
kdhl;ajfhka hq;= jQ isú,a iudc
ixúOdk hqyqiq¿ úh' wjidkfha
§ rdcmlaI uy;dg tfrysj isú,a
ixúOdk yd foaYmd,k mlaI
talrdYS lsÍug Wkajykafia iu;a
jQy' fmdÿ wfmalaIlhd f,i
Y%S ,xld ksoyia mlaIfha uy
f,alï jQ ffu;%smd, isßfiak
uy;d ;rÕ l< w;r 2015
ckjdß 8 Èk Tyq ,xldfõ 6
jk úOdhl ckdêm;sjrhd
jYfhka Èjqreï ÿkafkah'
fuu ue;sjrKfha § bÈßm;a
lrk ,o Èk 100 jevms<sfj<
;=< jQ m%Odk;u lreK jQfha
úOdhl ckdêm;s OQrfha n,;,
35
wvq lr jHjia:dodhlfha
^md¾,sfïka;=fõ& n,;, jeä
lsÍuhs'
2015 ckjdß 9 Èk Èjqreï ÿka
w.ue;s rks,a úl%uisxy uy;df.a
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
m%Odk;ajfhka ìysjQ wdKavqj
19 jk wdKavql%u jHjia:d
flgqïm; iïmdokh lsÍu i`oyd
lñgqjla f;dard m;a lr .;a w;r
ta i`oyd kdhl;ajh ckdêm;s
kS;s{ chïm;s úl%udrÉÑ uy;d
fj; mejß‚' ilia lrk ,o
flgqïm; fYa%IaGdêlrKfha§
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fYa%IaGdêlrKfha woyi jQfha
we;eï n,;, wvq lsÍu i`oyd
md¾,sfïka;=fõ wkque;shg
wu;rj cku; úpdrKhlg o
bÈßm;a l< hq;= njhs' j;auka
ckdêm;s ffu;%smd, isßfiak
uy;d iy wdKavq mlaIfha
woyi jQfha cku; úpdrKhlg
.shfyd;a Èk 100 we;=<; wod<
jHjia:d ixfYdaOkhka isÿ l<
fkdyels njhs' ta ksid cku;
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lr .; yels ixfYdaOk muKla
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Tjqyq ;SrKh lf<dah'
fuu ixfYdaOk
md¾,sfïka;=fõ 2$3 nyq;rhlska
iïu; lr .ekSug kï Y%S
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tlai;a ck;d ksoyia ikaOdkh"
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o iyfhda.h wjYH úh' fuu
tl.;dj ,nd .ekSug hdfï §
uq,a flgqïmf;ys i`oyka iuyr
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isàug md¾,sfïka;=jg isÿ
úh' wjidkfha§ md¾,sfïka;=
uka;%sjreka 215 f.a w;snyq;r
Pkaofhka 19 jk wdKavql%u
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úreoaOj Pkaoh m%ldY lf<a tla
uka;S%jrfhla muKs' uka;%Sjreka
9 fofkl= md¾,sfïka;= iNd
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ixfYdaOkh 2015 uehs 15 Èk
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lrk ,o w;r bka wk;=rej th
rfÜ W;a;Í;r kS;shla njg m;a
úh' •
;j;a fldgila
iema;eïn¾ l,dmfhka'
36
m%udo ù ,enqKq
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

hqla;sh

j .y, wyk
;a;, fmd,Sish úiska w;a;fkdau;slj w;awvx.=jg f.k lDDr
jo ysxikhg ,la lr tlS jOysxidjg tfrysj 1994 wxl 22 orK
jOysxidjg tfrys mk; hgf;a uydêlrKfha kvq úNd.h w;r;=r
fjä ;nd >d;kh flreKq j;a;, mÈxÑj isá fcrdâ u¾úka fmf¾rd
l%uh
uy;df.a >d;k isoaêhg m%udo ù hqla;sh bIaG ùu uQ,sl lr.ksñka fjkia úh
hq;=hs
hqla;sh mis|,Sfï§ we;sjk wl%ñl;d yd wêlrKfhys mj;sk kvq m%udoh
ms,sn| idlÉPd lsÍu i|yd rhsÜ gq ,hs*a udkj ysñlï uOHia:dkh úiska
ixúOdkh lrkakg fhÿKq zfcrdâ u¾úka isoaêh yd ,xldfõ kS;s l%ufha
fÄojdplhZ hk f;audj hgf;a meje;s uyck uka;%K iNdj ,laIauka udkj ysñlï fldñifï
lÈr.du¾ uOHia:dkfhaÈ wf.daia;= 07 jk od mj;ajkakg fhÿks' wOHlaIl
2002 j¾Ifha cqks ui 03 fjks Èk fvdlahdâ keõ ;gdldx.kfha fiajh fcHIaG kS;s{
l, zfcrdâ u¾úkaZ keue;s mqoa.,hd j;a;, fmd,sish u.ska w;a;fkdau;sl neis,a m%kdkaÿ
f,i w;awvx.=jg f.k ojila mqrd myr foñka lDDr joysxikhg
,lalr ;snqkq w;r miqj Tyq kjf,dal frday,g we;=<;a lr ;snqKs' fï
iïnkaOfhka ueÈy;a jQ wdishdkq udkj ysñlï fldñiu" rhsÜ gq ,hs*a
udkj ysñlï uOHia:dkh we;=¨ isú,a ixúOdk lsysmhla ueÈy;a fjñka
j;a;, fmd,Sisfha ks,OdÍkag;a fmd,sia fomd¾;fïka;=jg;a rchg;a
fï .ek l:d lsÍfï§
m<uqfjkau wefik
m%Yakh jkafka fuu isÿùu
tfrysj uQ,sl whs;sjdislï kvqjla fcrdâ fjkqfjka mjrk ,o w;r tlS j<lajd .ekSug ;snqfKa
kvqfõ ;Skaÿj ,nd foñka kjf,dal frdayf.a ì, we;=¨j w;súYd, uqo,la keoao hkakhs' we;a;gu
jkaÈ f,i f.ùug fYa%IaGdêlrKh kshu lrk ,oafoa fuu isÿùug wod<j fïl b;d f,fyisfhkau
jOysxidjg tfrys mk; hgf;a kvq mjrk f,ig kS;sm;sjrhdg ksfhda. j<lajd .ekSug yelsj ;snq
lrñks' fohla' lsisu wdldrhl
ta wkqj 1994 wxl 22 orK jOysxidjg tfrys mk; hgf;a ó.uqj mÍlaIKhlg f.dÿqre
uydêlrKfha kvq mejerE w;r tlS kvqj mj;sk w;r;=r§ fcrdâ u¾úka fkdjq ldrKdjlg Tyq
fjä ;nd >d;kh lrk ,§' ta iïnkaOfhka w;awvx.=jg .;af;a jOysxid w;awvx.=jg m;a jqKd'
kvqfõ m<uq ú;a;slre jQ iyldr fmd,sia mÍlaIljrhd jk w;r tu uq,skau je<elaúh hq;=j
kvqfõÈ Tyq jerÈlre njg m;aúh' jir .Kkdjla È.a .eiaiqkq by; ;snqfKa tu w;awvx.=jg
jOysxidj kvqfõ ;Skaÿj miq.sh udifha§ tkï cQ,s udifha§ ,nd ÿkafka .ekSuhs' w;awvx.=jg
pQÈ; fmd,sia ks,OdÍkag jir 10l nrm;< jev iys; isr ovqjï kshu .ekSu hkq b;d Ndr¥r
lrñks' th jOysxidjg tfrys wr.,fha b;d jeo.;a mshjrhla jqjo lghq;a;la' tlaoyia wgish
hqla;sh bgqjkúg úkaÈ;hd Ôj;=ka w;rj;a fkdue;s ùu fÄocklh' .Kka j, w;awvx.=jg
.eksu wmrdOhla f,i ie,l=fõ' kuq;a wo
tfyu iïm%odhla keye' ´kEu fj,djl ´kEu
fohlg fydhd n,kafka ke;=j w;awvx.=jg
.kakjd' fï ;;a;ajh ;sfhk;=rd kS;sh ms<sn|j"
kS;sfha ixl,am ms,sn|j l:d lsÍu fndre jevla'
w;awvx.=jg .ekSu md,kh lr .; fkdyels rgl
kS;sfha wdêm;Hhla ;sfhkak úÈhla keye'
jerÈlrefjl=f.ka fmd,Sish m%Yak weiqjdu
idudkHfhka ta .ek lshkafka keye' ta ksid m%Yak
wykak l,ska Tjqkag .ykjd' .y,d weyqjyu
´fka fohla lshkjd lshk ïf,aÉP u;jdoh wfma
rfÜ fmd,sisfha uq,anei,d ;sfhkjd' ta jf.au
fï isÿùug kS;sm;sjrhd mjd j.lsj hq;= fjkjd'
Tyq isÿ lf,a Wm fmd,sia mÍlaIlg o~qjï §u
muKhs' fï isÿùu miqmi we;a; jYfhkau
isáfha iyldr fmd,sia wêldßjfhla iy Wm
fmd,sia mÍlaIljrhd we;=¿ lKavdhul=hs' fuh
isÿlrkak wK ÿka iyldr fmd,sia wêldßjrhd
.ek fy<sorõjla isÿjqfka keye' ta ksid fï
kvqfjka hqla;sh bIag jqkd hehs mejiSu w¾O
fndrejla' rgl jHjia:djla lshkafka Y=oaO jQ
fohla kuq;a wmg ;sfhkafka iïmQ¾K kS;s l%uhu
lvkak ye¥ jHjia:djla njhs uf.a woyi'
fmd,Sisfh ;sfhkafk;a
iudcfha ;sfhk
m%pKav;ajhuhs
fcHIaG udOHfõ§
iqkkao foaYm%sh
w fma iudcfha myq.sh ldf,a ke.sg,d
;sfhkafka wfkldg úreoaOj muKhs'
wfkldg úreoaOj ke.S isàu f,aishs' ,xldfõ
f,dl=u iafõÉPd ck;d ke.sàu bkaÿ - ,xld
.súiqug úreoaOj ke.sàuhs' tal we;s jqfka fou<
ñksiqkag úreoaOjhs' wmg neß fj,d ;sfhkjd
widOdrKhg tfrysj ñksiqka ke.sgqjkak' wmsg
whs;sjdislï fjkqfjka igka lrkak neß fj,d
;sfhkak uq,slu fya;=j fj,d ;sfhkafka wfma
rfÜ ckjd¾.sl iduhla ke;sluhs' iduhla ke;s
;ekl wmg whs;sjdislï ms,sn| l:d lrkak neye'
wms fï m%Yakhg W;a;r fidhd .; hq;=hs' rfÜ
foaYmd,k mka;shg ´kEu krl jevla lrkak
yels fj,d ;sfhkjd' ta ksidu fï iudcfha oreKq
m%pKav;ajhla ;sfhkjd' m,af,afj, lismamq î,d
ñksiaiq uefroaÈ ckdêm;s;=ud lsõfj Th ñksiaiq
uefrk tl fyd|hs lsh,hs' ñksfyla uefrk tl
fyd|hs lshkak ckdêm;s flfkla bkakjd kï
ta lSug w;afmd<ika fokak oyodyla bkakjkï
taflka fmakafka wfma iudcfha m%pKav;ajhg
fudk;rïu leu;so lsh,hs' wfma iudcfha ;sfhk
m%pKav;ajh ;ud wfma fmd,sish ;=, ;sfhkafk;a'
kS;sh ì| jeàu 37
wfma wd;auh
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=
ì| jeàuhs
udkj ysñlï l%shdldßkS
wdpd¾h ksu,ald m%kdkaÿ
hq la;sh mis|,Sfï wfma fï wr.,h wjidkfha
hqla;sh fidhk mqoa.,hd iu`.hs noaO fj,d
;sfhkafka' kS;sh fmdaIKh lrñka hdj;ald,Sk
lrñka wkd.;h" j¾;udkh iy w;S;h iu`.ska
.eg .ykafka ta mqoa.,hdjhs' fcrdâf.a isÿùu fyda
fjk;a isÿùula meñKsfha ke;skï fï wdldrhg
jOysxikh .ek l:d lsÍu mjd ñksiaiqkag wu;l
fjkjd' kS;sfha wdêm;H .ek ud l=ula i|yka
l,;a th Tfí wr.,fha fldgila muKhs'
kS;sfha wdêm;H ì| jeàu hkq wmf.a wd;auhu
ì| jeàuhs'
m%udo fjk
hqla;sfhka
jevla keye
rhsÜ gq ,hs*a udkj ysñlï uOHia:dkfha
úOdhl wOHlaIl
ms,sma Èidkdhl
w o fY%aIaGdêlrKfha ;;ajh b;du fYdapkShhs'
udi foflka bjr lrkak ´kE lsh,d
jHjia:dfõ i|yka jqKdg wjqreÿ 12 la ;siafia
bjr fkdù ;sfhk uq,sl whs;sjdislï kvq wms <`.
;sfhkjd' fï úÈyg wjqreÿ 12 la 15 la hqla;sh
bIag fjkak hkjkï wmsg fudlgo tjeks
wêlrK@ ñksiaiq t;fldg hqla;sh fydhkak
fjk l%u j,g fm<fUkjd' ta ksid ;ud wfma
iudcfha fuÉpr wmrdO jeä fj,d ;sfhkafka'
wmrdO mrslaIK kshef,k fmd,sia ks,OdÍkaf.a
udkisl uÜgu" thd,d lghq;q= lrk wdldrh .ek
óg jvd fï iudch ys;kak ´k fjkjd' fï
jf.a isoaêhl§ ta wod, idlaIsldrhd urd oukak
;SrKh lrkjd lshkafka iudcfha nrm;,
m%Yakhla' wmrdO je<elaùu i|yd lghq;= lrkak
wmsj wdrlaId lrkak l< hq;= ta wmrdO mÍlaIK
ks,Odßkau wmsg wNsfhda.hla fjkjd lshkafka
fÄojdplhla' fï fcrdâf.a isÿùfuka wm rfÜ
kS;sh yd wêlrKh ms,sn|j f,daflau wjOdkhg
fhduq fjkjd' ;du;a wdKavqjg fï m%Yakfhka
.e,fjkak neß fj,d ;sfhkjd' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
ixúOdkfhka ;du fï ms,sn| úuikjd' fï úÈhg
hqla;sh bgqùu m%udo ùu rfÜ ck;djg nrm;<
m%Yakhla fj,d ;sfhkjd' •
38
iuìu 2019 wf.daia;=

uxcq, .ckdhl

m
iq.sh cqks ui 17 jeks Èk
^2019& Daily FT mqj;amf;ys
m<jQ rdÊ f.dkaid,afldard,
,shd we;s Are we a country without
ethics - a moral code and shame
,smsh l,lg miq lshjQ lÈu
foaYmd,ksl ,shú,a,ls' Tyq ;u
,smsh wrUkafka lÈu msre,lsks'
ta zn,a,ka ìrej;a - ;j,u
bÈßhg wefokq we;Z hkqfjkqhs'
Tyq bka u;=lrk ;¾lh
fhduqj we;af;a furfÜ
wkd.; foaYmd,k ÈYdk;sh
flfrysh' f.dkaid,afldard,
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muKla fjkiaj" ráka rg tlu

rfÜ
w¾:fhka jr ke.=ko" furfÜ
kï m%cd;ka;%jdoh kï jQ ;j,u
;jÿrg;a bÈßhg fkdwefokq

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we;s njhs' mdial= bre Èk isÿ
jQ ìysiqKq m%ydrh ms,sn| lreKq
fidhd ne,Su i|yd m;afldg
we;s md¾,sfïka;= úfYaI ldrl

iNdfõ ùäfhda o¾Yk iys;
oiqka lsysmhla foi óg i;s
lsysmhlg fmr n,disák
úg ud ÿgqfõ" idlaIslrejka
we;=¨‍jk fodßka uE;aj ;u
wiqk lrd weÿk rdcH mßmd,k"
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fÊ'fÊ' r;akisßh' Tyq úfYaI
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.kakg ;j;a b;sßj mej;sfha
yßhgu f;uila mu‚' fjk;a
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wdldrhla m<lrñka ldrl
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foi n,d isá udyg iskyd fkdù
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wiSñ;j m%idrKh lrk
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