Buddhism is a religion that was founded by

What is Siddhartha Gautama (“The Buddha”) more

than 2,500 years ago in India.

Buddhism? Buddhism is a path of practice and spiritual

development leading to Insight into the true
nature of reality.

Followers of Buddhism don’t acknowledge a

supreme god or deity. They instead focus on
achieving enlightenment—a state of inner
peace and wisdom. When followers reach
this spiritual echelon, they've reached the
highest state of enlightment, nirvana.
Formerly known as Siddhartha Gautama, a wealthy prince. Who saw
the suffering of the poor. He gave up his wealthy life to endure
poverty.

To fulfill himself, he promoted the idea of the middle way, which

means existing between two extremes. He desired for a live without
social indulgences but also without deprivation. After six years,
Buddhists believe he found enlightenment under a Bodhi tree.

Who is
Buddha?
Buddha is not a God, but an extraordinary man. His name means
"Enlightened."

His most important teachings are the "Four Noble Truths"

Who is
Buddha?

HOW DID BUDDHISM
START?
When Siddhartha Gautama
passed away around 483 B.C., his
followers began to organize a
religious movement. Buddha’s
teachings became the foundation
for what would develop into
Buddhism.
During the reign of the Mauryan
Emperor Aśoka (273–232 BCE),
Buddhism gained royal support and
began to spread more widely reaching
most of the Indian subcontinent.
Buddhism became India’s state religion.
Over the next few centuries, Buddhism
began to spread beyond India. The
thoughts and philosophies of Buddhists
became diverse, with some followers
interpreting ideas differently than
others.
TYPES OF BUDDHISM
 Sometimes called 'Southern Buddhism'. The
name means 'the doctrine of the elders' -
Theravada
Buddhism the elders being the senior Buddhist monks.
This school of Buddhism believes that it
has remained closest to the original
teachings of the Buddha. However, it does
not over-emphasise the status of these
teachings in a fundamentalist way - they
are seen as tools to help people
understand the truth, and not as having
merit of their own.
 Can be considered as major movement in
the history of buddhism. Mahayana uses
Mahayana
Buddhism Sanskrit as its main language, and
monastic and lay followers work for the
liberation of all sentient beings, making
compassion and insight (wisdom) its
central doctrines. It is made up of many
schools and re interpretations of
fundamental human beliefs, values and
ideals not only those of the Buddhist
teachings.
 Vajrayana was last of the three ancient
Vajrayana forms to develop, and provides a quicker
path to Enlightenment than either the
Buddhism Theravada or Mahayana schools. They
believe that the physical has an effect on
the spiritual and that the spiritual, in turn,
affects the physical. Vajrayana Buddhists
encourage rituals, chanting, and tantra
techniques, along with a fundamental
understanding of Theravada and
Mahayana schools, as the way to attain
Enlightenment.
Zen Buddhism Zen Buddhism is said to have originated in
China with the teachings of the monk
Bodhidharma. Zen Buddhism treats zazen
meditation and daily practice as essential
for attaining Enlightenment, and
deemphasizes the rigorous study of
scripture.
PRACTICES AND RITUALS
sacred sounds that are believed to
possess supernatural powers, practiced
especially in Indian religions such as
Hinduism and Buddhism. The word
"mantra" is a Sanskrit word, which
probably means "that which protects
(tra) the mind (man)." Its often
practiced by TIbetans. But also
practiced by the other forms.

M A N T R A S
 "Jehi Vidhi Hoi Naath Hit
Moraa Karahu So Vegi Daas
Main Toraa," which means "O
MANTRA FOR lord, I am your devotee. I don't
SUCCESS know what to do. So do at
once whatever is good for
me."
mental concentration which leads
us to enlightenment and spiritual
freedom. There are two main types
of Buddhist meditation: vipassana
(insight) and samatha
(tranquility). They often combine
both techniques.

M E D I T A T I O N
The first council created the
monastic community (sangha)

M O N A S T I C I S M
 RULES OF MONASTICISM

No taking of life
No stealing
No sexual intercourse
No lying
No taking of intoxicants
 RULES OF MONASTICISM

No eating at the wrong time (i.e., after midday)

No dancing or music
No decorations or cosmetics used on the body
No sleeping on raised beds
No acceptance of money.
BUDDHA'S TEACHINGS
"I teach suffering, its origin,
cessation and path. That's all I
teach", declared the Buddha
2500 years ago.
 Buddha’s teachings are known as “dharma.” He taught that
wisdom, kindness, patience, generosity and compassion were
important virtues. Specifically, all Buddhists live by five moral
precepts, which prohibit:

Killing living Taking what Sexual Lying Using drugs

things is not given misconduct or alcohol
FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS
 DUKKHA SAMUDAYA
four noble
The truth of suffering The truth of the origin of

suffering
truths.

NIRHODHA MAGGA

The truth of the cessation The truth of the path to

of suffering the cessation of suffering

 DUKKHA

Suffering comes in many forms

According to the Buddha, the problem of suffering goes much deeper
Life is not ideal: it frequently fails to live up to our expectations.
Satisfaction is only temporary;
Pleasure does not last; or if it does, it becomes monotonous
Buddhists find it neither optimistic or pessimistic, but realistic.
Fortunately the Buddha's teachings do not end with suffering; rather, they go
on to tell us what we can do about it and how to end it.
 SAMUDAYA

thirst, pain from an injury, sadness from the loss of a loved

one
Buddha “claims” to have found the cause of all suffering;
desire or tanhā (Tanhā is a term in Pali, the language of the
Buddhist scriptures, that specifically means craving or
misplaced desire.)
 SAMUDAYA

The Three roots of evil

Greed and desire, represented
in art by a rooster
Ignorance or delusion,
represented by a pig
Hatred and destructive urges,
represented by a snake
 NIRHODHA

liberate oneself from attachment

the possibility of liberation
Buddha was a living example that this is possible in a
human lifetime
 NIRHODHA

Bhikkhus, when a noble follower who has heard (the truth) sees thus, he
finds estrangement in the eye, finds estrangement… The Fire Sermon (SN
35:28)
Estrangement - aims to know sense conditions clearly as they are without
becoming enchanted or misled by them
a. Nirvana - extinguishing
b. Attaining nirvana - reaching enlightenment - means extinguishing the
three fires of greed, delusion and hatred.
c. After death an enlightened person is liberated from the cycle of rebirth
 MAGGA

The final Noble Truth is the Buddha's prescription for the

end of suffering. This is a set of principles called the
Eightfold Path
 MAGGA

The Eightfold path aka The

Middle Way
1. Right Understanding - Sammā ditthi
Accepting Buddhist teachings. (The Buddha
never intended his followers to believe his
teachings blindly, but to practise them and
judge for themselves whether they were
true.)
2. Right Intention - Sammā san̄kappa
A commitment to cultivate the right attitude.
 MAGGA

3. Right Speech - Sammā vācā

6. Right Effort - Sammā vāyāma
Speaking truthfully, avoiding slander, gossip
Cultivating positive states of mind; freeing
and abusive speech.
oneself from evil and unwholesome states
4. Right Action - Sammā kammanta
and preventing them from arising in the
Behaving peacefully and harmoniously;
future.
refraining from stealing, killing and
7. Right Mindfulness - Sammā sati
overindulgence in sensual pleasure.
Developing awareness of the body,
5. Right Livelihood - Sammā ājīva
sensations, feelings and states of mind.
Avoiding making a living in ways that cause
8. Right Concentration - Sammā samādhi
harm, such as exploiting people or killing
Developing the mental focus necessary for
animals, or trading in intoxicants or
this awareness.
weapons.
FAMOUS QUOTES
THANK YOU!
references:

https://www.history.com/topics/religion/buddhism#section_2

https://www.history.com/topics/religion/buddhism#section_5

https://www.ancient.eu/Mahayana_Buddhism/

http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/buddhism/subdivisions/theravada_1.shtml

http://www.findingdulcinea.com/guides/Religion-and-

Spirituality/Buddhism.pg_00.html

http://www.religionfacts.com/buddhism/mantras

https://tricycle.org/magazine/noble-eightfold-path/

http://www.religionfacts.com/buddhism/monasticism
QUIZ
1. What is Buddha's real
name?
2. What is the highest
state of enlightment?
3. Where did Buddhism
originate?
4. Name the tree where
Buddha discovered
enlightenment
5. Buddha's teachings
are known as ______
CHOOSE THE LETTER OF
THE WORD THAT DOES
NOT BELONG TO THE
GROUP
 6.
a. theravada
b. mahayana
c. dukkha
d. zen
 7.
a. killing living things
b. nirvana
c. lying
d. taking what is given
 8.
a. nirhodha
b. samudaya
c. magga
d. vajrayana
 9.
a. right understanding
b. right intention
c. right living
d. right effort
 10.
a. monkey
b. rooster
c. pig
d. snake
TRUE OR FALSE
11. Magga is one of the
four noble truths.
12. There are 4 moral
percepts that all
Buddhists live by.
13. The meaning of
Buddha's name is
"Enlightened".
14. Middle Way means
existing between two
extremes.
15. There are 3 types of
Buddhism.
- end -