DIRECTIONS: Solve the following problems based on the indicated strategy.

WORKING
BACKWARDS

1. Find a path on the adjoining grid beginning at “start” and ending at “end” where the sum
of the cells is 50. You may pass through the gate, after which the gate closes.

15 + 8 + 10 + 9 + 8 = 50

2. Keith has an 11-liter can and a 5-liter can. How can he measure out exactly 7 liters?

Let A = 5 Liter can

B= 11 Liter can

1. Empty can A; Fill can B. (A=OL, B=11L)

2. Fill can A from can B. (A=5L, B=6L)
3. Empty can A; can B remain. (A=0L, B=6L)
4. Fill can A from can B. (A=5L, B=1L)
5. Empty can A; can B remain. (A=OL, B=1L)
6. Fill the remaining Liter in can A. (A=1L, B=0L)
7. Fill can B; can A remain. (A=1L, B=11L)
8. Fill can A with the remaining 4 Liters from can B. (A=5L, B=7L)

A 0 5 0 5 0 1 1 5

B 11 6 6 1 1 0 11 7
 FINDING A PATTERN
STRATEGY

3. Find the units digit of 819?

Repeating Pattern: 8, 4, 2, 6
8 4 2 6
 81= 8
1 2 3 4
 82= 64
 83= 512 5 6 7 8
 84= 4046
9 10 11 12
 85= 32768
 86= 262144 13 14 15 16
 87=2097152
17 18 19
 88= 16777216
 89= 134217728
 810= 1073741824
The unit digit for 819 is 2

4. Find the sum of the first 100 even numbers?

Formula:
S= n (n+1)
where n is equal to 100
100 (100+1)
100 (101) = 10,100
10,100 is the sum of the first even integer

SIMPLIFY THE PROBLEM

5. Find the difference when the sum of the first 100 positive integers is subtracted from the
sum of the first 100 positive even integers.

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
Formula: 𝑺 = 𝟐

𝟏𝟎𝟎(𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏)
𝑺=
𝟐
 𝟏𝟎, 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝑺=
𝟐

𝑺= 5,050

First 100 even Integer:

Formula:
S= n (n+1)
where n is equal to 100
100 (100+1)
100 (101)
S = 10,100

1st 100 even integers – 100 positive integers =?

10,100 - 5,050 = 5,050
5,050 is the difference when the sum of 100 positive Integer is subtracted from the sum of
first 100 even Integer

6. Given the four numbers 7895, 13127, 51873, 7356. What percent of their sum is their
average?

Formula:
𝑺/𝟒
𝑺
the average of four given numbers is equal to 80, 251

80,251/4
80,251

20,062.75 1
= 4 or 25%
80,251

QUESS AND CHECK

7. In the Regional MTAP competition held in San Fernando Pampanga, the contestants
were given 10 items to be solved in four hours. Five points were given for each correct
answer and two points were deducted for each wrong answer. Jeanelle did all the questions
and scored 29, how many correct answers did she have?
Formula:
5x-2(10-x) =y

x = number of correct answers

10-x = Wrong answers
5x-2 = 5 points for every correct (x) answer 2 for every wrong answer.
y = Total points
5x-2(10-x) = 29
5x-20+2x=29
7x-20=29
7x=29+20
7x=49
x=7

Jeanelle got 7 correct answers

8. Ashlene has five boxes of apples. When she weighs them two at a time, she obtains the
following weighs (in pound)
110 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 120 121
What are the weights of the individual boxes of apple?

110 = A + B 116 = B + D 110 = 54 + 56 116 = 54 + 62

112 = A + C 117 = B + E 112 = 54 + 58 117 = 58 + 59
113 = A + D 118 = C + D 113 = 54 + 59 118 = 56 + 62
114 = A + E 120 = C + E 114 = 56 + 58 120 = 58 + 62
115 = B + C 121 = D + E 115 = 56 + 59 121 = 59 + 62

1st box = 54
2nd box = 56
3rd box = 58
4th box = 59
5th box = 62
ACCOUNTING FOR
ALL POSSIBILITES

9. I am thinking of a two-digit number.

It is odd.
Its tens digit is even.
It is prime.
The sum of its digits is 11.
The product of its digit is 24
What number am I thinking of?

Listing 2-digit numbers that when added will be equal to 11 and the product is 24

1+10 83 is both odd and prime number

2+9 8 is even
8+3 8+3= 11
5+6 8x4=24
4+7 83 is the answer

10. A digit is inserted between the digits of a two-digit perfect square number to form
another perfect square. Find the three-digit squares formed in this way.

List the two-digit perfect squares, and three-digit perfect square.

The two-digit squares:16, 25, 36, 49, 64, and 81.
Three-digit squares :100, 121, 144, 169, 196, 225, 256, 289, 324, 361, 400, 484, 529, 576, 625,
676, 729, 784, 841, 900, and 961.
The three-digit square/s that came from the two-digit squares with a digit in between them are
196, 225, and 841.

ORGANIZING DATA
STRATEGY

11. Find the sum of 202-192+182-172+162-152+…+42-32+22-12.

Square the given and do the equations provided.

400 – 361 + 324 – 289 + 256 – 225 + 196 – 169 + 144 – 121 + 100 – 81 + 64 – 49 + 36 – 25 + 16 –
9 + 4 – 1 = 210

12. Arthur and Vicky are in a charity tennis tournament at a local tennis club. The first
player to win either two consecutive games or a total of three games wins the match. In how
many different ways can their match end?

Let A= Arthur
V= Vicky

A V A V A V
A V A V V A
A V V A V A
1 2 3 4 5 6

They have 6 different ways to end up their match

ORGANIZING DATA
STRATEGY

13. In a survey, students were asked about their favorite subjects. The results are as
follows:
132 like Math 36 like Math and Science
163 like science 38 like Math and English
73 like English 22 like all three subjects
51 like Science and English

Determine
a) the number of students who like Math only
b) the number of students who like Science only
c) the number of students who like English only, and
d) the total number of students in the survey
a) the number of students who like Math only 80 Students
b) the number of students who like Science only 98 Students
c) the number of students who like English only, and 6 Students
d) the total number of students in the survey 265 Students

14. Zya left her house to drive to the city hall in San Jose City for an important meeting.
Her car’s odometer read 32,518 kilometers. She drove 5 kilometers but realized that she
had left her bag at home. So, she returned home, picked up her bag and drove to the city
hall. After her meeting, she turned around and drove directly home. Her odometer now read
32,966 kilometers. How far is Zya’s home from the city hall?
 2 (5 km) + x + x + 5 km = 448 km
10 km + 2x + 5 km = 448 km
2x + 15 km= 448 km
2x= 448 km – 15 km
2x = 433 km
2 2
x = 216.5 km
x = 216.5 km, distance from the U-turn to city hall
The distance from Zya’s house to the city hall is; 216.5 km + 5 km = 221.5 km