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Ifugao Food

BINAKLE - is a rice cake made from pounded glutinous rice "dayakkot" with sesame seeds wrapped in
banana leaves. It is traditionally prepared in a communal ritual

BAYAH - is a rice wine made from the native rice of Ifugao which is best known and is widely used during
ceremonial occasions and during the bountiful harvest as part of their feast

INLAGIM - is a native chicken stew that is used during rituals or celebrations in Ifugao. It is a ginger and
onion based soup with chicken as the usual main ingredient.

BINAOD - is a native delicacy of Ifugao. The intestines of pig is prepared just after the pig manure have
been dried and collected. It is eaten with sayote leaves and rice

VAH-VAH - is sauteed frog legs. The frog legs' is marinated with milk and seasoned with salt and pepper
then dredged in flour. Cooked in large skillet until golden brown.

GAJIW - all cooks need a basic sauteed fish fillet recipe in their repertory and Ifugaos have their own
version, they call it "Gajiw". They remove any remaining pin bones in the fish, pat dry and season both
sides with salt and pepper.

COURTSHIP

In Ifugao, courtship begins with a show of informal interest between a man and a woman. If a man is
interested in pursuing a formal relationship with the woman, his first step is to approach the elders of
the woman’s family. Not just her parents but also her elders.

While there may be some unspoken agreement (as tends to be the case in this modern age) the
woman’s family will still ask the woman for her reply to the man after the man has presented his case
and asked for the permission to court her formally.

If the woman says “no” before the elders, this means the man has been turned down. If she says “yes”
to the man’s declaration, then it means that they will have to arrange for a formal engagement
ceremony. This ceremony is negotiated by the mediator and usually takes place some months after the
woman has given her “yes” to the man’s declaration.

To the Ifugao, this formal courtship is the man’s statement of his seriousness and his intent to marry.

MARRIAGE AND FAMILY

Tradition dictates that marriage should take place a year after the engagement ceremony. Terms are set
before the engagement.
Terms were also set with regards to what the family desires the man to provide for the marriage
ceremony. The normal demand is for the groom to provide ten to twelve good-sized pigs for the
wedding feast

A marriage is meant to be celebrated with the entire village and it is meant to symbolize a sharing of joy
as well as a sharing of abundance. It is not simply an endeavour of the groom. The bride’s family and
her community contribute towards the feast as well. Some will bring rice for the marriage feast, others
will bring salt and herbs needed for cooking, and others will bring vegetables as well as other delicious
treats.

During the wedding feast itself, there is no telling the exact number of guests who will come as the feast
is open for guests who are considered family, friends, and members of community as well as the
extended community.

POLITICAL

Traditionally, social differentiation has been based on wealth, measured in terms of rice land, water
buffalo, and slaves.

KADANGYAN- The wealthy aristocrats. The possession of a hagabi, a large hardwood bench, secures
their status symbolically. They maintain their high status by giving feasts and by displaying their
heirlooms, including hornbill headdresses, gold beads, swords, gongs, and antique Chinese jars.

(The more affluent, known as KADANGYAN were usually generous by nature, lending rice to poor
neighbors in time of food shortage and/or hardship, in return for labor. Acting as village or spiritual
leaders, creditors or commercial managers, these rich families exhibited their wealth by providing for
many feasts.)

NATUMOK- The less wealthy. They have little land, which forces them to borrow rice from the
kadangyan at high interest rates. Because of these high rates, it is nearly impossible for natumok to rise
to kadangyan status.

NAWATWAT- The poor. Have no land; most of them work as tenant farmers and servants to the
kadangyan

MEDICATIONS

The Ifugao tribe, located in the Cordillera Region of the Philippines, faced the dilemma of utilizing
modern

medical technology provided by hospitals, utilizing local herbs or other traditional remedial practices or
a combination of both. There is a cultural dilemma in choosing health remedies between modern
allopathic medicine or naturopathic herbal medicine in the Ifugao region as herbal remedies have been
around in the region for more than a millenia. Religious beliefs are another possible contributing factor
in this slow acceptance because some members of the Ifugao tribe believe that praying is at times
considered as a medical treatment.

LITERATURE
Ifugao are unique among all ethnic groups in the mountain province for their narrative literature such as
the hudhud, an epic dealing with hero ancestors sung in a poetic manner.

The epic reveals the beauty and legacy of the great ancestors of the highland that need to be protected
and preserved. This study helps in the preservation of the sacredness of the tradition. Likewise, it also
proves that the hudhud is not just used as mere tourist attraction of the local government units and
Department of Tourism for economic growth in the hudhud areas. It will also attract more scholars, local
and international, to understand and preserve the rich and dying tradition.

FAMOUS ARTWORKS

THE BANAUE RICE TERRACES- handcarved 2000 years ago to plant rice. The terraces are occasionally
called the "Eighth Wonder of the World. In 1995, it was declared as UNESCO World Heritage Site.

TRADITIONAL IFUGAO HOUSE - Similar to a studio-type condominium unit, the Ifugao house is a multi-
functional one-room shelter where the entire family – father, mother and pre-pubescent children- live,
sleep, cook and eat. Built by local carpenters called munhabats, these houses are architectural wonders
of their own.

WOOD CARVING-

ex.

Bul-ul - important to them because of their belief that they can have an abundant harvest when this
carving is placed near rice granaries

Hagabi - a piece of wood which is unique because it is carved to become a bench. This is a sign of riches.
Thus, many wealthy Ifugaos own this kind of woodcarving.

Ifugao scooter- The Ifugao ride on homemade scooters made of intricately-carved wood, wearing
nothing but their ethnic bahag. The wooden scooter was originally made in order to transport harvested
crops and chopped firewood down the mountains more quickly, but since everyone has began making
their own scooters, the mayor decided to include the race in the activities during the very first Imbayah
Festival in 1979. It has been reported that some can reach speeds of up to 50 kph, with nothing but
gravity propelling their scooters!

TEXTILE WEAVING - Ifugaos weave blankets, uper garments, G-strings, hand bags, belts, and a lot more.

BASKET WEAVING - The Ifugaos produce baskets to serve the needs of the family. They used baskets for
storing grains and cooked food.

Ling Ling-O - symbolises courage, the balance of male and female energies and social standing of the
wearer. Many believe that their ancestors spirits reside in their Ling Ling-O for magical protection and
guidance.

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