The Book

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Technology emerged to introduce many ways of advancement. The rise of modern
technology is so fast that most of the recent technology now is beyond the knowledge of
older generations. Automation ruled the world, replacing things that are operated manually
before. People expect more breakthroughs as time goes by.
Reducing human efforts in accomplishing a task is the main purpose of why technology
keeps changing over time. People are bound to errors and inconsistencies when they get tired,
affecting the performance and decisions that it will make. Some machines are programmed to
follow only certain instructions, enabling them to focus on specific tasks assigned to them.
Through this advancement of technology human works made easier and can be done at a
short period of time, therefore more things can be processed at a certain time and reduce
possible errors.
An electric fan is a device used to produce an airflow for the purpose of creating comfort and
ventilation. Electric fans are designed to create breezed and circulate air in a region (Bai &
Ku ,2008). The fan creates its cooling effect based on the speed at which its blades rotate;
hence, the speed controller is a very important part of a fan.
During hot conditions, the usage of the electric fan is a cheaper choice compared to spending
more on using an air conditioner especially in some areas where high temperature is naturally
normal. Problems such as users forget to turn off the fan when being away is inevitable, these
result in a rise of electricity bill from leaving the fan on when it is not in use and it may cause
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accidents like fire hazards when the motor got heated up. Some people might get a feeling of
annoyance and perhaps frustration when getting up from the seat in order to adjust the speed.
This non-innovative feature makes it unable to change the speed and turn on/off the fan
automatically. This is why an automatic temperature and occupancy control system is applied
for the purpose of switching and controlling the speed of the fan.
The idea of this work is to construct an efficient energy generating fan with a circuit that will
automatically turn on/off and change the speed of the fan based on the motion and on the
temperature of its environment with the help of the microcontroller, together with an
additional dynamo that will generate an output voltage which is being stored in the battery
that can be used for charging small appliances. The motion and the temperature-controlled
fan is an alternative way to control the switching of the fan in response to the sensed
movements and with the changes in ambient temperature, by using a microcontroller to
compare their input signals and produce the required output signal that will turn on the
electric fan.
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Objectives
The objective of this research is to:
A. To develop an Electric Fan with the following features:
A.1 Automatically turn on/off using motion and temperature sensor.
A.2 Automatically change its speed and varies to the room/environment temperature.
A.3 Generate electricity that will be used for charging small appliances.
A.4 Preview the status of the room temperature by the use of Android Phone
B. To determine the significant advancement of Motion and Thermal Sensor-based Energy
Generating Electric Fan.
Significance of the Study
The result of the study may be beneficial to the following:
Students. This study will benefit the students since most of the students often use
gadgets and that usually get drained fast, not only for the automatic fan but for charging
purposes also.
Community. In public hospitals, through the use of automatic electric fan patients
will not any more exert effort just to turn on the electric fan with the right temperature and
motion, it will automatically switch. Together with an extra charging system to those who
have drained phone batteries while waiting to their patients.
Person with Disability (PWD). Providing help to those who are disabled, to
improve their quality of life. To lessen their effort and feel the freshness of the air without
exerting any effort.

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Researchers. This study could help the researchers to improve their skills especially
in the design and improve their capability in decision making as a future Engineer. The study
also improves social skills by meeting experienced professionals and to be flexible in
adapting modern ideas.

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Conceptual Framework of the Study
Figure. 1 Project Flow Process
Scope and Delimitation of the Study

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This study aims to develop an electric fan that will automatically switch on/off when motion
is applied to the 3D gesture motion sensor within a range of 12 inches. To automatically
change the speed level of the electric fan based on the environment temperature. To operate
the electric fan with the use of wirelessly connected android phone through bluetooth
connection with a maximum range of 50 meters within direct line of sight and displays the
current temperature of the room. The device together with the electric fan has only a limited
length of 3 meters from device to electric fan. By the use of the Android phone, it is possible
to control the fan in a distant by connecting the android phone to the Bluetooth of the device.
The device can also be controlled manually by just turning the toggle switch to its manual
mode operation. This innovative study is intended for the use of students in every classroom
with specified dimensions.
Definition of Terms
In order to have a clearer understanding of the study, the following terms are
operationally defined:
Arduino -Arduino is an open-source hardware and software company, project and
user community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and
microcontroller kits for building digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and
control objects in the physical and digital world (David Kushner, 2011).
Automation-or automatic control is the use of various control systems for
operating equipment such as machinery, processes in factories, boilers and heat treating
ovens, switching on telephone networks, steering and stabilization of ships, aircraft and other
applications and vehicles with minimal or reduced human.

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Battery Bank -is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external
connections provided to power electrical devices such as flashlights, smartphones. When a
battery is supplying electric power, its positive terminal is the cathode and its negative
terminal is the anode (Kiran Deware, 2015).
Bluetooth- short-range wireless communication technology that allows
devices such as mobile phones, computers, and peripherals to transmit data or voice
wirelessly over a short distance. The purpose of Bluetooth is to replace the cables that
normally connect devices, while still keeping the communications between them secure
((Melanie Pinola, 2010).
DHT11 temperature - is a basic, low-cost digital temperature and humidity
sensor. It uses a capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor to measure the surrounding air.
Dynamo -DC generator i.e. an electrical machine which converts mechanical power into
direct current electrical power. Dynamo is essentially just another name for an electric dc
generator (Pauling, 1988)
Electric fan- is a powered machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas such
as air. A fan consists of a rotating arrangement of vanes or blades which act on the air. The
rotating assembly of blades and hub is known as an impeller, a rotor, or a runner. Usually, it
is contained within some form of housing or case. This may direct the airflow or increase
safety by preventing objects from contacting the fan blades (Needham, 1986).
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Microcontroller -A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit. In
modern terminology, it is similar to, but less sophisticated than, a system on a chip; an SoC
may include microcontroller as one of its components.
Microprocessor - The microprocessor is a multipurpose, clock driven, register based,
digital integrated circuit that accepts binary data as input, processes it according to
instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output. Microprocessors contain
both combinational logic and sequential digital logic. Microprocessors operate on numbers
and symbols represented in the binary number system (Krishna Kant, 2010).
Technology -can be the knowledge of techniques, processes, and the like, or it can be
embedded in machines to allow for operation without detailed knowledge of their workings.
The simplest form of technology is the development and use of basic tools (Liddell, 1980).
Relay- are switches that open and close circuits electromechanically or electronically.
Relays control one electrical circuit by opening and closing contacts in another circuit. As
relay diagrams show, when a relay contact is normally open (NO), there is an open contact
when the relay is not energized. When a relay contact is Normally Closed (NC), there is a
closed contact when the relay is not energized. In either case, applying electrical current to
the contacts will change their state.
Relay Module- is a separate hardware device used for remote device switching. With it you
can remotely control devices over a network or the Internet. Devices can be remotely
powered on or off with commands coming from Clock Watch Enterprise delivered over a
local or wide area network. You can control computers, peripherals or other powered devices
from across the office or across the world.

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Signals-In the physical world, any quantity exhibiting variation in time or
variation in space (such as an image) is potentially a signal that might provide information on
the status of a physical system, or convey a message between observers, among other
possibilities.
Temperature - is a physical quantity expressing hot and cold. It is measured with a
thermometer calibrated in one or more temperature scales. The most commonly used scales
are the Celsius scale, Fahrenheit scale, and Kelvin scale.
Thermoelectric effect – It refers to the conversion of temperature differences into
electrical voltage. The thermoelectric effect addresses the science underlying cooking,
heating and cooling as well as the generating of electricity and measuring temperature.
Transformer - A transformer is a static electrical device that transfers electrical
energy between two or more circuits. A varying current in one coil of the transformer
produces a varying magnetic field, which in turn induces a varying electromotive force or
"voltage" across a second coil.
Transistor --a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and
electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three
terminals for connection to an external circuit.
USB port - A USB port is a standard cable connection interface for personal
computers and consumer electronics devices. USB stands for Universal Serial Bus, an
industry standard for short distance digital data communications. USB ports allow USB
devices to be connected to each other with and transfer digital data over USB cable.
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Ventilation-Ventilation is the intentional introduction of ambient air into a space and
is mainly used to control indoor air quality by diluting and displacing indoor pollutants; it can
also be used for purposes of thermal comfort or dehumidification.

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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Related Literature
The world is a storehouse of energy. There are many resources of energy that can
be harnessed to provide electricity which is needed in this modern world. But people tend
to waste energy resources that can produce energy as if they are limitless. The only way to
preserve this resources of energy is to renew and reuse the wasted energy, it would help in
some way to the problem of scarcity of energy, which is the major threat of the present
world. By using the concept of wind turbines Wind-generated electricity can be used for
battery charging and connection with the power grid. Beside every fan, there is a tube light
by a mechanism inside the fans motor or a belt that rotates and light up the bulb or store
the energy in a battery which could be used to power up other machines (Saquib Gadkari
et al, 2014).
A simple installation of commercially available motion sensors can contribute to reduce
the electricity bill from the increase of energy efficiency, abundance in availability of
energy being the main factor in Indonesian high energy consumption habits. High
electricity demand for consumption at current supply level in Indonesia led to the rising
cost of electricity bills. This factor is compounded by the fact that many electric generators
in Indonesia still use fossil fuels, which contributes to the high basic generation cost (Indra
Reyanto, 2018).
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Motion sensors are used to switch on power only when a human is detected in the area
covered. Technology has advanced enough to differentiate between humans, animals and
other objects during detection. Moreover, controls can be customized to run lighting based
on the availability of daylight. Organizations are using these sensors for highly accurate
lighting and another appliances’ control. Use of PIR motion sensors in your office space
can cut your electricity bill by up to 30 per cent, depending on factors like the area
covered, the frequency of electricity usage in the covered area, load devices that the sensor
is connected to and so on. PIR sensors themselves draw less than one watt of power per
hour in idle situation, so their own electricity consumption does not impact the bill at all
(Saad, 2013).
The alternator is a generator that produces Alternating Current (AC), similar to the
electrical current in your home. This current is immediately converted to Direct Current
(DC) inside the alternator. This is because all modern automobiles have a 12-volt, DC
electrical system. The alternator is driven by a belt that is powered by the rotation of the
engine. This belt goes around a pulley connected to the front of the engine's crankshaft and
is usually responsible for driving a number of other components including the water pump,
power steering pump and air conditioning compressor. For the most part, alternators are
relatively small and lightweight. Roughly the size of a coconut, the alternators found in
most passenger cars and light trucks are constructed using an aluminum outer housing, as
the lightweight metal does not magnetize. This is important since aluminum dissipates the
tremendous heat generated by producing the electrical power and since the rotor assembly
produces a magnetic field (JacksonVille A.U., 2010)

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The speed of fan will change due to the temperature of environment. The speed of fan had
been controlled by the output of Microcontroller PIC 16F877A. The PWM signal on
output Microcontroller had been settled in the different duty cycle due to different
temperature detected from temperature sensor (Hussain, 2018).
The PIR sensor response is very fast in which the fan will turn on as there is motion
detected. However, the limitation of the system is found where the fan will turn off if the
person that the PIR detected earlier is not moving. The fan will turn on again if there is
motion made by the user even with small movement for example waving the hand
(Rahman, 2015).
Pyroelectric (PIR) motion sensor consists of two main parts. Each of these parts
include a special material that is sensitive to infrared radiation. In this case, the lens is not
particularly affecting the operation of the sensor, so that we see two sections of the entire
module sensitivity. When the sensor is at rest, both sensors determine the same amount of
radiation. For example, it may be building radiation or the environment in the street. When
warm-blooded object (a person) passes, it crosses the first sensor sensitivity zone.
Whereby two different values of the radiation are generated in the PIR sensor module.
When a person leaves the sensitivity zone of the first sensor, the values are aligned. Then
changes in the readings of the two sensors are recorded and HIGH or LOW pulses are
generated on the output (Vlandyslav, 2017.)
Passive Infrared Sensor (PIR) module is used for motion detection. It requires 10-60
seconds of settling time before starting its operation. It consists of pyroelectric sensor that
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detects motion by measuring change in the infrared levels emitted by the objects. It can
detect motion up to 6 meters (Vaghela, 2017)
A thermistor or thermal resistor is a type of resistor whose resistance is dependent on
temperature, more so than a standard resistor. As a result of this property, it is usually used
in measurement and control circuits. The relationship between a thermistor’s temperature
and its cresistance is highly dependent on the material from which it is made. Thermistors
are broadly divided into 2 categories: Negative Temperature Coefficient (N.T.C) and
Positive Temperature Coefficient (P.T.C) Negative Temperature Coefficient (N.T.C)
thermistors are non-linear resistors which alter their resistance characteristics with
temperature. The resistance of NTC will decrease as the temperature increases. Many
N.T.C thermistors are made from pressed disc, rod, plate, bead, or cast chip of
semiconducting material. They work because raising the temperature of a semiconductor
increases the number of active charge carriers. It promotes them into conduction band. The
more the charge carrier that are available the more the current a material can conduct.
Positive Temperature Coefficient (P.T.C) thermistor exhibit increasing electrical resistance
with increase in environmental temperature and decreasing electrical resistance with
decrease in temperature. Most P.T.C thermistor are made from doped polycrystalline
ceramic (containing bariumtitanate and other compound). One unique property of this
material is the sharp increase in resistance at certain critical temperatures. At the Curie
point temperature, the dielectric constant drops sufficiently to allow the formation of
potential barriers at the grain boundaries (Adeloye, 2017).

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Related Studies
A related study about developing an automatic switch which is a device that detects the
presence of a human in a predefined area and can turn on the lights, fans or any electrical
appliances that we want. The device will automatically turn off the lights, fans or electrical
appliance if nobody is present in the area. PIR sensor is used to detect the presence of a
human. PIR is consist of IR sensors which are used to detect the heat of the human body
and if the presence of a human is detected then the electrical appliances connected to this
automatic switch will automatically turn on. They used Arduino mini pro to control the
PIR sensor while relay modules are used to control the electrical appliances (Gajjar, 2017).
Sensors are sophisticated devices that are frequently used to detect and respond to
electrical or optical signals. A sensor converts the physical parameters (for example:
temperature, blood pressure, humidity, speed etc.) into a signal which can be measured
electrically. There are certain features which have to be considered in choosing a sensor.
Such of which are accuracy, environmental condition, range, calibration, resolution,
repeatability and lastly is cost. Sensors are classified also into the following criteria such
as primary input quantity (Measurable), transduction principles (Using physical and
chemical effects), material and technology, property and lastly is application (Merculita,
2016).
The study explores the possibility of installing motion sensors to contribute to the energy
efficiency. Although mostly common in developed countries, the use of motion sensors for
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energy efficiency is still rare, especially in Indonesia. Despite rising cost and supply
shortages, Indonesian buildings are still of high energy consumption. Our experiment
shows that simple installation of commercially available motion sensors can contribute to
reduce the electricity bill from the increase of energy efficiency. One of the efforts to
lower energy demand on the consumer side is to use the electricity efficiently, such as
turning off lights in a room when it is not in use. This method can be simply done by
turning the light switches for office and classrooms, but difficult to do in public spaces
such as toilets and corridors (Appl.Syst. Innov., 2019).
A design of device that uses a temperature sensor; a comparator unit and relay switch to
automatically regulate the speed of the electric ceiling fan, creating breeze to enhance
convective heat transfer. The developed household electric fan automatically changes
speed in five different ascending levels with respect to the calibrated temperature range of
the environment. The operation of this innovative device makes it suitable for users who
may not be able to access the manual electric fan regulator. A sudden change in weather
conditions affecting the ambient temperature might harm a person sleeping under a
manually regulated fan. Depending on the temperature of the environment, the fan
automatically regulates its speed, making the device safe for sleeping, very convenient for
patients in the hospital, infants and all users. The aero foil of the cross section of the
applied blades, the smooth and even three blades, the length and width of the blades all
improved the air velocity distribution of the device. The developed temperature-controlled
household ceiling fan achieved improved ventilation of the room up to 20% using
enhanced blades designed with due consideration to fan aerodynamics. The ceiling fan
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blades spin with reduced noise and created uniform flow pattern across the room (Oduah
U.I., and Osuntola , 2017).
The Power Fan works on the principle of generator. It works on the faraday’s law of
electromagnetic induction. The law state that, When a electrical conductor placed in the
strong magnetic field and when the magnetic lines of force cuts the conductor then EMF is
induced on the surface of the conductor. He assembled the copper winding on the shaft of
the fan which is connected to the ceiling. This copper winding acts as a conductor. The
copper winding is place in the circular way and around which strong magnets are place in
circular way as like winding. Strong magnets are connected to the rotating disc of the fan
(the disc to which blades of the fan are connected). As this disc is rotating magnets also
rotates and rotating magnetic field (RMF) is produce. This RMF cuts the copper winding
and EMF is induced on the surface of conductor by the principle of induction. Meaning if
there is an interaction between the copper winding and RMF due the mutual induction,
EMF can be generated on the copper winding. In this way we can generate electrical
power by fan. The generated EMF is carrying by wires and stored into the battery
(Deshmukh, 2016)
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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
Method of Research Used
This research uses an experimental and development method, dealt on the
effectiveness of using a motion and thermal sensor-based energy generating electric fan.
Through this, we will be able to test and to develop an automatic system that aims to
minimize the power consumption as well as sustainable development of energy system in
the future.
Research Procedure
Researchers will follow a systematic procedure:
1. Identification of the problem
2. Observation and Data Gathering
3. Preparation of Materials needed
4. Experimentation and Analysis
5. Designing of the Thermal and PIR Occupancy sensor-based Energy Generating
Electric Fan for charging small appliances
6. Assembly and Construction of the Sensor-based Energy Generating Electric Fan
7. Testing the Sensor-based Energy Generating Electric Fan
8. Data Presentation and Describing the results

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Research Locale
The main location of the research is at Eastern Visayas State University, Main
Campus, Tacloban City. The Eastern Visayas State University (EVSU) is a public
university in the Philippines and the oldest higher educational institution in the Eastern
Visayas region. It is mandated to provide advanced education, higher technological,
professional instruction and training in trade, fishery, agriculture, forestry, science,
education, commerce, architecture, engineering, and related courses. It is also mandated to
undertake research and extension services and provide progressive leadership in its area of
specialization.
Research Instruments
Instrument and Equipment used:
1. Multi-Tester – This is used to measure the voltage output and current output of the
generators that are coupled with the shaft of the electric fan, using the voltmeter and
ammeter respectively, and also by using the ohmmeter to secure that there are no errors in
the connections of the device.
2. Tools – The presence of certain tools like pliers, rulers, soldering iron,
screwdrivers, hammer, etc. are needed in constructing certain parts of the device.
3. Sensors – This includes the thermal and motion sensors that are used in the device
to sense the temperature and motion in a specific area.

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4. Letters to Experts for technical advice – letters like request or permission to get a
piece of advice or idea to an expert or professionals are used to make the consultation
formal.
Motion &
Thermal Arduino Electric
Sensor Fan
Voltage
Battery Regulator Generator
USB Port
Figure 2 Block Diagram
The figure shows the block diagram of the Energy Generating Electric Fan with
Motion and Thermal Sensor for charging small gadgets wherein motion and thermal
sensors are used to detect a specific signal that is being drawn to the Arduino which
serves as the heart of the device that controls the operation of the fan. A generator is
coupled to the shaft of the fan for it to convert the mechanical energy produced by the
fan into usable electrical energy, that is being regulated to be stored in the battery. The
stored energy in the battery can be used to charge small gadgets.

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CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Device System Operation
The test for the device is done by applying motion to the sensor along with the
desired set temperature to be able to operate and give the desired output of the device. The
control device contains important components that is necessary to make the fan operate, as
well as the display to preview the temperature of an specific area and a toggle switch in
selecting the desired operation of the fan whether in automatic or in manual mode. In
automatic mode, the fan will operate by first applying motion that requires eight seconds
of detecting motion before it sends the signal to the microcontroller and triggers the relay
which is the main switch in turning on/off the fan. This relay that serves as the main
switch will supply power in either of the three relays when there is a desired set
temperature sensed by the temperature sensor. The fan will not operate if the current
temperature is less than the set temperature which is 22⁰C, and when the fan is in operation
and then there’s a drop of temperature the fan will automatically turn off. And if the
current room temperature is greater than the set temperature, the fan will operate. It will
operate at a low, medium and high speed depending on the acquired temperature in the
room. The device can also be controlled using an Android phone which serves as a remote
that is connected to the Bluetooth of the device. The Android phone displays the current
temperature of the room.

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The electric fan can be operated manually by just changing the toggle switch in its
manual mode operation. This is to provide the user an option if he or she wants to operate
the fan manually by using a selector switch.
There are generators that are coupled to the shaft of the electric fan that generates
electricity during the operation of the fan. This electricity is harnessed in the charging
system which has a circuit that regulates the electricity produced by the generators to be
used for charging a power bank that serves as the storage of the generated electricity. The
stored energy in the power bank can be utilized for charging small devices through the USB
port.
Control Device
Charging
System USB Port for
Charging
Display
Toggle Switch for

Manual mode and
Automatic Mode
Operation Display
Motion Sensor
Temperature Sensor
DC Motor
Generator
Figure 3 Device Picture

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Start
Toggle
Automatic Automatic
or Manual Manual
Selector
Switch
Motion Temperature
Low Medium High

Speed Speed Speed
Read Read
Motion Temp.
Is the
Is there 8 Yes temperature
No Yes No
secs. Of equal or
sensing greater than
motion? 22⁰C?
Relay for
Relay for 220V
220V will turn
will turn Yes Relay for 220V Off
Off Yes
supply will turn
On
Is there any
motion being Buzzer Is there any
detected which detected
cause the buzzer temperature
to buzz 3 times? below 22⁰C?
No No
For 22⁰C- For 27⁰C- For 33⁰C
26⁰C the 32⁰C the above the
fan speed is fan speed is fan speed
Low Medium is High
Relay for Relay for
220V will 220V will
remain On remain On
Generating and
Charging System
Display
END
Figure 4 Flow Diagram

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The figure shows that once a gadget is already plugged into the 220V supply, the
operator may choose on how he will operate the fan, whether in automatic mode or in
manual mode operation. In automatic mode, there are two variables that must be
considered, the motion and temperature. The motion sensor must detect first a movement
for a time period of eight seconds while the temperature sensor must detect a temperature
that is equal or greater than the set temperature which is 22⁰C. If this condition is not
met, then the fan will not operate and it will undergo again on the reading process or the
detection of required movement and temperature. If the conditions are met, then the fan
will operate at a speed which is proportional to the detected temperature of the specific
area. While the electric fan is in operation and there are moves that are being detected by
the motion sensor that causes the buzzer to buzz 3 times then the fan will automatically
turn off, the same also for the temperature sensor that if there is a detected temperature
below the required temperature of 22⁰C the fan will automatically turn off.
If the operator chooses the manual mode operation, then he will just manually
control the operation of the fan by using the selector switch in turning on/off the fan and
controlling the speed of the fan.
An electricity will be generated for every operation of the fan because of the
generating system being coupled to the shaft of the fan. And this generated electricity is
being regulated and is used for charging gadgets. The temperature of the room and the
battery percentage of the power bank where the generated electricity is being stored are
viewed in each box that has its own display component.

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Figure. 5 Schematic Diagra

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1st Step 2nd Step
3rd Step 4th Step
Figure 6 Device Initialization Flow
In using the Android phone to manipulate the operation of the electric fan,
first is to connect it with the Bluetooth of the device. It is done by searching the name of
the Bluetooth of the device and pair it using the pins shown above which are 1234. Once
the android phone is already connected to the device then, a customized application
installed to the android phone can now be open and through it, the current temperature of
the room can be viewed as well as the buttons: Automatic and off, can now be used in
controlling the operation of the fan.

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Used to turn off the electric fan
manually using Android Phone.
Used to operate the Electric fan automatically

by applying motion to turn on along with the
right temperature. If the temperature is lesser
than the set room temperature the Fan will
automatically turn off and if the temperature
is greater than the set room temperature the
Fan will operate.
Used to preview the temperature
status of the room.
Figure 7 Graphic User Interface Functions
Product Evaluation Results
The device undergoes a series of tests in order to determine the functionality of the system
in terms of motion, temperature, speed and charging system.
Motion. The study conducted a motion test to be able to find out the accuracy of the
motion sensor if it produces desired output for the device to function properly.
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Time Distance Result
Functional Nonfunctional
1 second 1 ft. 
2 seconds 1 ft. 
3 seconds 1 ft. 
4 seconds 1 ft. 
5 seconds 1 ft. 
6 seconds 1 ft. 
7 seconds 1 ft. 
8 seconds 1 ft. 
Table 1. Motion Test Result
The table shows that with the maximum distance of one foot that is being applied to the
motion sensor, at one second to seven seconds there is a time delay before the fan to operate
to prevent the things that may easily trigger the sensor when someone passes through or
something cross through the sensor.
The applied motion must continue up to eight seconds of delay within the range of the
sensor to be able to trigger the sensor and operate the fan.
Temperature. The study conducted temperature test to be able to observe the accuracy of
the temperature sensor if it previews exact reading of the temperature and will deliver the
desired signal and make the fun to operate based on the acquired signal.
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Table 2. Temperature Test Result
Note that the set temperature that will make the electric fan to operate is 22°C. If the
temperature becomes lower than the set value, then the fan will be nonfunctional, and if the
temperature is greater than the set value the fan will be functional given that if the detected
room temperature is at the range of 22°C to 26°C the fan will operate at low speed, at a
temperature of 27°C to 32°C the electric fan will operate at its medium speed and above
32°C the electric fan will automatically reach its high speed.
Generator Output Based On Fan Speed. The study conducted an output test of the
generator during operation for low speed, medium speed and high-speed operation of the
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fan. The test got the corresponding output voltage and output current (produced by the two
dynamos that are connected in parallel with each other and are coupled to the rotor of the
fan) based on the speed operation of the fan.
Formula: 𝑅𝑃𝑀𝐹 𝑋 𝐷𝐹 = 𝑅𝑃𝑀𝐷 𝑋 𝐷𝐷
Where; 𝑅𝑃𝑀𝐹 = Revolution per minute of the fan 𝐷𝐹 = Shaft diameter of the fan
𝑅𝑃𝑀𝐷 = Revolution per minute of the 𝐷𝐷 = Shaft diameter of the dynamo
dynamo
Speed Rpm of Rpm of Voltage output of Current output of the
E-fan Generator Generator Generator
Low 1060 3687 7.3 V 60 mA
Medium 1180 4100 9.3 V 70 mA
High 1480 5148 10.02 V 90 mA
Table. 3 Generator Output Result Based on Fan Speed
Given the rpm of the fan for low, medium and high-speed operation and its shaft diameter of
8mm that is being coupled with two generators that are connected in parallel, with a shaft
having a diameter of 2.3 mm. Using the formula above that is based on the principle of belt
drive the researchers are able to obtain the corresponding rpm of the generators. At low
speed operation having a 3687rpm the parallel connected generators produce 7.3 V with a
current 60 mA. At medium speed operation having a 4100rpm the parallel connected
generators produce 9.3V with a current of 70 mA and at high speed operation having a
31
5148rpm the parallel connected generators produce 10.02 V having an output current of
90mA.
Charging. The study conducted charging test to observe if it produces enough current to
supply the power bank, and also to provide source of power that comes from the maximum
speed operation of the electric fan that is being converted into electrical energy.
Power Bank
Conducted test # of Generator Time Voltage Current %
Charging
1 1 pc. 1hr. 5V 60mA 4%
2 2 pcs. 1hr. 5V 100mA 9%
Table. 4 Power bank charging Test Result
The table shows the comparison of the increase of battery percentage in charging the power
bank using single generator and the two parallel connected generators with a constant period
of time which is one hour and the maximum speed of the fan. For the first experiment, a
single generator is used and the generated output voltage is being regulated to five volts and
a current of 60 mA which is used to charge the power bank in an hour. The experiment
records only four percent of increase from its current battery percentage. For the second
experiment, we used two pieces of generators which are parallel connected to each other to
boost the current it produces. It has also a regulated voltage of five volts and measured
32
current of 100mA. This records of about nine percent of increase on the battery from its
current battery percentage.
Mobile Phone
Conducted Test Time Voltage Current % Charging
1 1 hour 5V 100 mA 23%
Table.5 Mobile Phone Charging Test Result
In a one-hour period of time of charging the mobile phone using the regulated electricity of
the two parallel connected generators and the fans maximum speed. For the phone having a
current battery percentage of 10%, an increase 23% is obtained. Meaning from the 10%
battery percentage of the mobile phone it becomes 33% after an hour of charging.
Distance Test. The study conducted distance test to be able to determine if the electric fan
will still operate at a certain distance through Bluetooth connection using android phone.
Distance Result
5 Meters Functional
10 Meters Functional
Table.6 Distance Test Result

33
Through the use of an android phone, we are able to control the operation of the fan in a
specific range of distance by just connecting the android phone to the bluetooth of the
device. Based on the experiment, at five meters of distance from the device the fan still
operates properly, and also for 10, 15 meters. For 20 meters the use of android phone still
functional but there is a delay in receiving the signal to the device.
Product Limitations:
The study found out some limitations of the device based on the direct
observation conducted by the researchers. These are the following;
1. The device will still operate properly regardless of sudden changes of temperature
reading in the room which is displayed in the Android phone.
2. Sensing the motion takes time and also requires limited sensing distance of one ft. to
able for the motion sensor to detect the movement.
3. Electricity is produced by the dynamo that is being regulated and delivers to the storage
bank. The storage bank charges up to 6% of the battery for a charging period of one hour.
34
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary of Findings
The summarized results of the study are herein presented:
1. This device energy generating electric fan with motion and thermal sensor for charging
small gadgets, senses the motion and temperature sensor and also generates power.
2. The device attained the intended preview status of the temperature scanned inside the
classroom.
3. After the experiment was done, there were limitations that were recorded through the
conduct of direct observations of its functionalities. These are the following.
3.1 After hours of operation, the electric will heat up, because the mechanical load applied
to the shaft is not enough to match the torque of the fan.
3.2 The temperature sensor that records the current status of the room and is being viewed
on the android screen is somewhat not accurate and has a delay.
3.3 Power generated by the generators has sufficient voltage but has an insufficient
current.
4. In turning on the electric there is a delay before the sensor sends signal and to be able for
the electric fan to operate. After turning off the electric fan, and planning to turn on the fan
the operator must wait for about 1 minute before applying motion because data are still
being processed inside the microprocessor.

35
Conclusion
Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are drawn:
1. The energy generating electric fan with motion and thermal sensor for charging small
gadgets that uses motion and temperature variables is much a convenient way of controlling
the operation of the fan compared with the normal electric fan.
2. The device satisfactorily passed the evaluation on the functionalities in terms of motion,
temperature, speed and charging. But still there are some errors encountered during tests
specially in generating system that produces desired voltage but insufficient current that
affects the charging of the power bank.
3. The energy-generating electric fan with motion and temperature sensor is much
expensive than the normal electric fan but it has features that the normal electric fan does not
have, like an automatic mode which has the ability to operate the device by the use of
sensors. It has a manual drive which uses the android phone that serves as a remote
connection to the bluetooth of the device for the purpose of controlling the on and off switch
of the fan in distance. It also can generate power that is stored in a power bank and provides
charging ports for charging small gadgets.

36
Recommendation
Though the project has been proven to meet the required functionalities, there is still a
recommendation for improvement. These recommendations are being offered:
1. Use of high mechanical load dynamo that is applied to the shaft of the electric fan to
match its torque.
2. Use single but high current rating dynamo is advised to be able to charge the power
bank.
3. Use of much more accurate and steady temperature sensor is advised.
4. Use of accurate but larger reach of motion sensor in operating the electric
fan.
5. To decrease the required temperature into 22°C for the low speed operation of the fan.
6. Create medium speed that ranges from 27-32°C.
7. Put a selector switch to be able to operate the electric fan manually.

37
BIBLIOGRAPHY
38
Bibliography
A. Books
Merculita C. (2016), Development of Anti-Electrical Pilferage Device. Philipines: Institute

of Electronics and Communications Engineers
Levărdă, B. and Budaciu, C. (2010), “The Design of Temperature Control System Using
Pic18f46201,” ICSTC, PP 282−286.
William, J.P. (1986); Control Systems Engineering, 2nd Ed., pp. 1-3.
(Needham (1986), Volume 4, Part 2, 99, 134, 151, 233.) Krishna Kant Microprocessors and
Microcontrollers: Architecture Programming and System
Design, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2007 ISBN 81-203-3191-5, page 61, describing the iAPX
432.) (Pauling, Linus (1988). "15: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions; Electrolysis.". General
Chemistry. New York: Dover Publications, Inc. p. 539. ISBN 978-0-486-65622-9)
(Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1980). A Greek-English Lexicon (Abridged Edition).
United Kingdom: Oxford University Press).
(Computer History Museum Oral History, 2008. p. 4. Retrieved 2016-04-04.)
B. Internet and Electronic Sources
Bai, Y., & Ku, Y. (2008), Automatic room light intensity detection and control using a
microprocessor and light sensors. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4348956 Automatic room light intensity detection
and control using a microprocessor and light sensors
Fu, T., Wang, X., Yang, G. (2010), “Design of automatic- temperature-control circuit
module in tunnel microwave heating system,”
Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327232898 Design and simulation
of an automatic room heater control system
Mustafa Saad, Hossam Abdoalgader, and Muammer Mohamed (2014)," Automatic Fan
Speed Control System Using Microcontroller "
Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/imraanbracu/automatic-room-temperature-
controlled-fan-using-arduino-uno-microcontroller
Nwankwo Nonso Prince , Alumona Theophilus , Onwuzulike Daniel .A., Nwankwo Vincent
(2014), "Design and implementation of microcontroller based automatic fan speed regulator
(using temperature sensor) " Retrieved from https://docplayer.net/amp/57090826-Real-time-
based-temperature-control-using-arduino.html
39
Saad, M., Farij, A., Salah, A. and Abdaljalil, A. (2013), “Automatic Street Light Control
System Using Microcontroller,” Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321319185_Automatic_Street_Light_Control_Syst
em_Using Microcontroller
JACKSONVILLE A. U. (2010). Retrieved from https://jacksonvilleautohatboro.com/
M.H. Hussain, H.H. Hok, S.R.A. Rahim, N. Hashim, M. Ibrahim (2011). Retrieved
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/297527865 Microcontroller based Energy Saving
System
Md Mozasser Rahman, Mohd Fahrul Radzi Bin Zakaria, Shahrul Na‟im Sidek (2015).
Sensory and Control System for Smart Fan. Retrived from
http://researchpub.org/journal/jac/number/vol4-no3/vol4-no3-1.pdf
Vladyslavthesis_larionov_LS2017_kos (2009) Retrieved from

https://dspace.cvut.cz/bitstream/handle/10467/69521/F3-BP-2017-Larionov-Vladyslavthesis
larionov LS2017 kos.pdf
Abhishek N Vaghela, Bhavin D Gajjar, Subhash J Patel, Assistant Professor Assistant

Professor (2017). Retrieved from https://www.ijedr.org/papers/IJEDR1701109.pdf
Adeloye, M.Y, Kotoye, A.A,Idris,O.Y, Egbedele, I .A (2017). Construction of A

Temperature Controlled Fan Using A Microprocessor. Retrieved from
http://www.ajer.org/papers/v6(09)/ZL0609324328.pdf
Uzoma Oduah (2017). Automatic Temperature Controlled Household Electric Ceiling Fan.
Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323384762 Automatic
Temperature ControlledHousehold Electric Ceiling Fan
MD Saquib Gadkari, Khemchand Kolte, Mrunal Jasani, Akash Vichare, Beatrice.S (2014).
Generation of Electricity from Fans. Retrieved from
https://ijcsit.com/docs/Volume%205/vol5issue03/ijcsit20140503136.pdf
Akash Narayan Deshmukh (2016). Electricity Generative Fan. Retrieved from

https://www.irjet.net/archives/V3/i5/IRJET-V3I5618.pdf
Appl. Syst. Innov. 2018, 1(3), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/asi1030023

Received: 7 April 2018 / Revised: 5 July 2018 / Accepted: 6 July 2018 / Published: 23
40
APPENDICES
41
APPENDIX A
Bill of Materials
Item Unit Unit Cost Amount
Arduino Uno 1 pc P1000 P1000
Bluetooth Module 1 pc P500 P500
3D Gesture (Motion Sensor) 1 pc P1300 P1300
DHT11(Temp. Sensor) 1 pc P95 P95
Four channel Relay modules 1 pc P300 P300
Casing 2 pc P700 P700
Electric Fan 1 pc P2400 P2400
Power Supply 1 pc P85 P85
Android Phone 1 pc P2000 P2000
Dynamo 1 pc P200 P200
Assembly Cost P500 P500
Total Cost: P9,080

42
APPENDIX B
Material Specifications
4 CHANNEL RELAY MODULE
Brief Data:
• Relay Maximum output: DC 30V/10A, AC 250V/10A.
• 4 Channel Relay Module with Opto-coupler. LOW Level Trigger expansion board, which
is compatible with Arduino control board.
• Standard interface that can be controlled directly by microcontroller (8051, AVR, *PIC,
DSP, ARM, ARM, MSP430, TTL logic).
• Relay of high-quality low noise relays SPDT. A common terminal, a normally open, one
normally closed terminal.
• Opto-Coupler isolation, for high voltage safety and prevent ground loop with
microcontroller.
43
Detailed Specification
44
3D Gesture (ZX Sensor)
Connecting
Pins
IR TRANSMITTER IR
LED
RECEIVER
ZX Sensor Pin-out
The ZX sensor board contains two emitters and one receiver module, to determine
the position of a reflector in the Z X space, and is powered externally using a 4-pin
standard 0.025-inch dip connector.
The following is the pin configuration:
1. Pin 1: NC
2. pin 2: Input voltage (5.0 volts DC)
3. Pin 3: RX for connection to an external UART serial transmitter (TX) line
4. Pin 4: TX for connection to an external UART serial receiver (RX) line
5. Pin 5: GND for ground.
6. Pin 6: GND for ground.
7. Pin 7: DR (Data Ready) for the I2C interface.
8. Pin 8: CL (or the SCL) clock signal for the I2C interface.
9. Pin 9: DA (or SDA) data signal for the I2C Interface
45
ARDUINO UNO
Specifications
Microcontroller ATmega328
Operating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage 7-12V
(recommended)
Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V

Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB
used by bootloader
SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)
EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)
Clock Speed 16 MHz
46
DC Generator
47
48
APPENDIX C
Program Codes
Arduino Codes
nclude <MsTimer2.h> // includes libraries for timer

#include <SoftwareSerial.h> // includes libraries for software serial
#include <Wire.h> // includes wire library
#include <ZX_Sensor.h> // includes libraries for gesture sensor connection
#include <Adafruit_Sensor.h> // library for humidity sensor
#include <DHT.h> // library for humidity sensor
#include <DHT_U.h> // library for humidity sensor
// Constants
const int ZX_ADDR = 0x10; // ZX Sensor I2C address
// Global Variables
ZX_Sensor zx_sensor = ZX_Sensor(ZX_ADDR);
GestureType gesture;
uint8_t gesture_speed;
SoftwareSerial mySerial(10, 11); // RX, TX
#define DHTPIN 9
#define DHTTYPE DHT11
DHT_Unified dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
int relay3 = 3; // declare variables for pins on the Arduino
boolean flag1 = true;
int buzzer = 7; // declare variables for pins on the Arduino
boolean vFlag1 = false;
int vctr = 0;
int vctr2 = 0;
void flash()
void setup() {
pinMode(relay1,OUTPUT); //setup pin 5 as an output pin

49
pinMode(relay2,OUTPUT); //pin 4 as output pin
pinMode(relay3,OUTPUT); //pin 3 as output pin
pinMode(buzzer,OUTPUT); //pin 7 as output pin
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH); //setup pin 7 as
digitalWrite(relay1,HIGH); //pin 5 open
dht.begin();
sensor_t sensor;
dht.temperature().getSensor(&sensor);
uint8_t ver;
dht.humidity().getSensor(&sensor);
// Initialize Serial port
delay(300);
digitalWrite(buzzer,LOW);
mySerial.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println();
Serial.println("----------------------------------------");
Serial.println("SparkFun/GestureSense - I2C Gesture Demo");
Serial.println("Note: higher 'speed' numbers mean slower");
Serial.println("----------------------------------------");
// Initialize ZX Sensor (configure I2C and read model ID)
if ( zx_sensor.init() ) {
Serial.println("ZX Sensor initialization complete");

50
} else {
Serial.println("Something went wrong during ZX Sensor init!");
// end of function setup
// Read the model version number and ensure the library will work
ver = zx_sensor.getModelVersion(); // get model version of temp. sensor
if ( ver == ZX_ERROR ) {
Serial.println("Error reading model version number"); // if error model version
} else {
Serial.print("Model version: "); // if not error model version
Serial.println(ver);
if ( ver != ZX_MODEL_VER ) { //if version is not equal to current version
Serial.print("Model version needs to be ");
Serial.print(ZX_MODEL_VER);
Serial.print(" to work with this library. Stopping.");
while(1);
// Read the register map version and ensure the library will work
ver = zx_sensor.getRegMapVersion();
if ( ver == ZX_ERROR ) {
Serial.println("Error reading register map version number");
} else {
Serial.print("Register Map Version: ");
Serial.println(ver);
51
if ( ver != ZX_REG_MAP_VER ) {
Serial.print("Register map version needs to be ");
Serial.print(ZX_REG_MAP_VER);
Serial.print(" to work with this library. Stopping.");
while(1);
MsTimer2::set(500, flash); // 500ms period //delay 500ms
MsTimer2::start();
void loop() {
// If there is gesture data available, read and print it
if ( zx_sensor.gestureAvailable() ) { //if gesture data is available
gesture = zx_sensor.readGesture(); //read gesture data
gesture_speed = zx_sensor.readGestureSpeed(); //read gesture speed
switch ( gesture ) {
case NO_GESTURE: //if no gesture
Serial.print(vctr);Serial.println(" Detected"); //display message “detected”
// mySerial.println("No Gesture");
vctr++; //increment variable vctr(initial value is 0)
delay(1000);
if(vctr > 2){
digitalWrite(relay1,LOW); //pin 5 turned off
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH); //pin 7 is turned on
delay(100); //delay time 100ms

52
digitalWrite(buzzer,LOW); //pin 7 turned off
delay(100); // delay 100ms
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH); //turn on pin 7
delay(100); //delay 100ms
digitalWrite(buzzer,LOW); //turn off pi 7
flag1 = true;
if(vctr > 5){ //if increment reach 5
digitalWrite(relay1,HIGH); // turn on pin 5
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH); //turn on pin 7
digitalWrite(buzzer,LOW); //turn off pin 7
digitalWrite(relay1,HIGH);digitalWrite(relay2,LOW);digitalWrite(relay3,HIGH);
vctr = 0; //pin 5 on, pin 4 off, pin 3 on
flag1 = false;
break;
while (mySerial.available()) { //if connection to android app available
// get the new byte:
char inChar = mySerial.read(); //read data
if (inChar == 'L') //if fetched data is “L” (low) or OFF
{
53
digitalWrite(relay1,LOW);digitalWrite(relay2,LOW);digitalWrite(relay3,LOW);
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH); //pin 5 off, pin 4 off, pin 3 off, pin 7 on
digitalWrite(buzzer,LOW); //pin 7 off
else if(inChar == 'H') //if data fetched from app is “H” (means HIGH or ON)
digitalWrite(relay1,HIGH);digitalWrite(relay2,LOW);digitalWrite(relay3,LOW);
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH); //pin 5 on, pin 4 on, pin 3 off, pin 7 on
delay(300); // delay 300ms
else if(inChar == 'O') //if data fetched is “0”
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH); //pin 5 on, pin 4 off, pin 3 on, pin 7 on
else if(inChar == 'M') //if data is “M” or Manual
flag1 = false;
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH); // pin 5 off, pin 4 off, pin 3 on, pin 7 on

54
flag1 = false;
else if(inChar == 'A') //if data is “A” or Automatic
digitalWrite(buzzer,HIGH); //pin 7 on
flag1 = true;
sensors_event_t event;
dht.temperature().getEvent(&event); //read temperature
if (isnan(event.temperature)) { //if temperature not detected
Serial.println("Error reading temperature!"); //display
else { //if detected
vctr2++; //increment vctr
if(
vctr2 > 80){
mySerial.print("Temperature: "); //if temperature: (temperature)
mySerial.println(event.temperature); //if temperature: (temperature)
//Serial.println(event.temperature);
vctr2 = 0; //reset vctr to 0
}
55
if (flag1 == true){ //of variable flag 1 is true
if(event.temperature> 21 && event.temperature < 27){ //if temp is greater than 22 and less
than 27
digitalWrite(relay1,HIGH);digitalWrite(relay2,LOW);digitalWrite(relay3,LOW);
//delay(50000); //pin 5 on, pin 4 off, pin 3 off
if(event.temperature> 26 && event.temperature < 33){ //if temp is greater than 26 and less
than 33
digitalWrite(relay1,HIGH);digitalWrite(relay2,HIGH);digitalWrite(relay3,LOW);
//pin 5 on, pin 4 on, pin 3 off
//delay(50000);
else if(event.temperature > 32){ //if temperature is greater than 32
//pin 5 on, pin 4 off, pin 3 on
//delay(50000);
dht.humidity().getEvent(&event); //get humidity event and print its value
if (isnan(event.relative_humidity)) { //if no data fetched
Serial.println("Error reading humidity!"); //display
else { //else if humidity data is read
//Serial.print("Humidity: ");
//Serial.print(event.relative_humidity);
//Serial.println("%");
56
Device Graphical User Interface Codes
#Region Project Attributes //android setup
#ApplicationLabel: BTControllerv1.0 //android setup
#VersionCode: 1 //android setup
#VersionName: //android setup
'SupportedOrientations possible values: unspecified, landscape or portrait
.//android setup
#SupportedOrientations: portrait //android setup
#CanInstallToExternalStorage: False //android setup
#End Region
#Region Activity Attributes //setup of GUI for android
#FullScreen: False //setup of GUI for android
#IncludeTitle: True //setup of GUI for android
#End Region
Sub Process_Globals
'These global variables will be declared once when the application starts.
'These variables can be accessed from all modules.
Dim Serial1 As Serial //serial variable
Dim ast As AsyncStreamsText //initialize global variable
Dim Sms1 As PhoneSms //initialize global variable
Dim SI As SmsInterceptor //initialize global variable
SI.Initialize2("SI", 999) //initialize global variable

57
End Sub
Sub Globals
'These global variables will be redeclared each time the activity is created.
'These variables can only be accessed from this module.
Dim connected As Boolean //declaring of private variables
Private EditText1 As EditText //declaring of private variables
Private btnsend As Button //declaring of private variables
Private lbldata As Label //declaring of private variables
Private ImageView1 As ImageView //declaring of private variables
Private CheckBox1 As CheckBox //declaring of private variables
Private EditText2 As EditText //declaring of private variables
Public thisTelmo As String //declaring of private variables
End Sub
Sub Activity_Create(FirstTime As Boolean)
'Do not forget to load the layout file created with the visual designer. For example:
Activity.LoadLayout("Layout1") //load first layout in the app
If Serial1.IsEnabled = False Then //check if serial is not enabled
Serial1.Initialize("serial1") //enable serial
Else //if serial is enabled

58
Serial1.Listen 'listen for incoming connections //check for connections
End If
lbldata.TextSize = 30 //change font size for lbl data
btnsend.BringToFront //send to front button btnsend
Delay(1500) //delay 1500ms
CheckBox1.Checked = True //check checkbox
End Sub
Sub Activity_Resume
mnuOpenComm //all mnuOpenComm function
End Sub
Sub Activity_Pause (UserClosed As Boolean)
If connected = True Then
ast.close
End If
End Sub
Sub Delay (DurationMs As Int)
Dim target As Long = DateTime.Now + DurationMs //delay function
Do While DateTime.Now < target //delay function
Loop //delay function
''ToastMessageShow("Delay Done!",False) //delay function
End Sub
59
Sub ast_NewText(Text As String)
Dim temp,str As String //declare variable temp and str as string
temp = Text // assign value for temp as text
lbldata.Text = temp //change text lbl data with the value of variable temp
Dim gasint As Int //declare gasint as variable with integer value
''ToastMessageShow(temp,False) //pop out text value of temp
If temp.Length>2 Then //if number of letters assigned to temp is greater than 2
Try
If temp.Contains("sen")Then //check if temp contains “sen” string
str = temp //assign the value of temp to str variable
lbldata.Text = str.SubString(4) //change text of lbl data text to the 5th letter of str value
gasint = str.SubString(4) //assign the 5th letter/character to gasint

variable
If gasint > 200 Then //if gasint is greater than 200
Sms1.Send("09278920228","Gas alert triggered!") //send sms
End If
End If
Catch
Log("Errr")
End Try
End If
60
End Sub
Sub Serial1_Connected (Success As Boolean) //connection to serial
If Success Then //if connection succeeds
'ToastMessageShow("Connected successfully", False) //pop out message
'Delay(500) //delay 500ms
connected = True //assign value to connected as

true
ToastMessageShow("System is now connected!",False) //pop out message
'btnConn.Text = "About" //change text for btncnn as “about”
If ast.IsInitialized Then ast.Close
ast.Initialize(Me, "ast", Serial1.InputStream, Serial1.OutputStream) 'initialize

AsyncStreamsText with the socket streams.
Log(LastException)
End If
End Sub
Sub mnuOpenComm
Dim PairedDevices As Map
PairedDevices = Serial1.GetPairedDevices //get paired devices
Dim l As List
l.Initialize
For i = 0 To PairedDevices.Size – 1 //extract paired devices
l.Add(PairedDevices.GetKeyAt(i))
Next
61
Dim res As Int
res = InputList(l, "Choose device", 0) 'show list with paired devices
If res <> DialogResponse.CANCEL Then
Serial1.Connect(PairedDevices.get(l.get(res))) 'convert the name to mac address
//connect to selected devices
End If
End Sub
Sub mnuCloseComm_Click
ast.close
End If
End Sub
Sub btnsend_Click //when button is checked
If connected = True Then //if connected is true
ast.Write("M" & Chr(13)) //pop out message
End If
End Sub
//this area is for mode changing “OFF or Automatic”
Sub checkbox1_CheckedChange(Checked As Boolean) //checkbox event checked
If connected = True Then // if connected
If CheckBox1.Checked = True Then //if checkbox is checked

62
ast.Write("A" & Chr(13)) //send “A” to Arduino
CheckBox1.Text = "Automatic" //change text to “Automatic”
Else //if checkbox is not checked
ast.Write("M" & Chr(13)) //send “M” to arduino
CheckBox1.Text = "OFF" //change text to “OFF”
End If
End If
End Sub
//this area is for turning on and off of device
Sub CheckBox2_CheckedChange(Checked As Boolean)
If connected = True Then //if app is connected to device
If CheckBox2.Checked = True Then //if checkbox 2 is checked
ast.Write("H" & Chr(13)) //send “H” to Arduino
CheckBox2.Text = "HIGH" //change text to HIGH
Else //if checkbox is not checked
ast.Write("L" & Chr(13)) //send “L” to Arduino
CheckBox2.Text = "LOW" //change text to “LOW”
End If
End If
End Sub
Sub SI_MessageReceived (From As String, Body As String) As Boolean
thisTelmo = From //assign variable from to variable thisTelmo

63
'Msgbox(From & " " & Body,"System message")
Dim strBody As String //declare strBody as string
strBody = Body //assign variable Body to strBody
Dim str1 As String //declare strl as string
Dim str1 As String
If strBody.Contains("Load1on") Then //check of strBody contains “Loadlon”
ast.Write("1" & Chr(13)) //send “1” to arduino
Dim str1 As String //redeclare str 1 as string
str1 = "Load1 is now ON" //assign value “Load1 is now ON to variable

strl 1
Try
Sms1.Send(thisTelmo,str1) //sent text message
ToastMessageShow("SMS sent",False) //pop out message “sms sent”
Catch
Log("Error")
End Try
Else If strBody.Contains("Load1off") Then //check if strBody contains “Load1 off”
ast.Write("2" & Chr(13)) //send “2” to arduino
str1 = "Load1 is now OFF" //assign “Load1 is now OFF” to variable

str1
Try
Sms1.Send(thisTelmo,str1) //send message
ToastMessageShow("SMS sent",False) //pop out message

64
Catch
Log("Error")
End Try
End If
End Sub
Sub CheckBox3_CheckedChange(Checked As Boolean)
If CheckBox3.Checked = True Then //if checkbox3 is checked
ast.Write("C" & Chr(13)) //send “C” to arduino
Else //else if checkbox3 is not checked
ast.Write("c" & Chr(13)) //send “c” to arduino
End If
End If
End Sub
65
APPENDIX C
Pictures
66
67
APPENDIX D
Curriculum Vitae
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Name: Reynaldo U. Baculo
Birthdate: October 22, 1997
Address: Brgy.83 Paraiso San Jose Tacloban city
Gender: Male
Civil status: Single
Citezenshp: Filipino
PARENTS
Father’s name: Reynaldo J. Baculo Sr.
Mother’s name: Regina U. Baculo
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary: San Fernando Central School 2008-2009
Secondary: Leyte National High School 2012-2013
Tertiary: Eastern Visayas State University 2018-2019
Organizational affiliation: Institute of Integrated Electrical Engineers(IIEE)
Religion: Roman catholic
Training attended: On the job training at Leyeco II (SLRD) Engineering Department

68
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Name: Kenneth John T. Hernandez
Birth Date: March 5, 1997
Address: Brgy. 3 Sto. Nino St. Calbiga, Samar
Gender: Male
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
PARENTS:
Father’s Name: Judito T. Hernandez
Mother’s Name: Floreza Milagros T. Hernandez
Elementary: Calbiga Central Elem. School 2004-2010
Secondary: Eastern Visayas Regional Science High School 2010-2014
Organization Affiliation: Institute of International of Electrical Engineers (IIEE)
Religion: Roman Catholic
Training Attended: On the Job Training at National Grid Corporation of the

Philippines (NGCP) May-June 2019
69
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Name: Jhon Erick C. Lacambra
Birth Date: June 9, 1997
Address: Brgy. Camayse, Sta. Rita, Samar
Gender: Male
PARENTS:
Father’s Name: Ramon E. Lacambra
Mother’s Name: Juana C. Lacambra
Elementary: Sta. Rita I Central Elementary School 2004-2010
Secondary: Sta. Rita, National High School 2010-2014
Training Attended: On the Job Training at Samelco II Basey May-June 2019
Eligibility: TESDA Electrical Installation and Maintenance NCII

70
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Name: Riyhad F. Tamayo
Birth Date: March 05, 1996
Address: San Roque St, Brgy.Holy Child I
Alangalang Leyte
Gender: Male
PARENTS:
Father’s Name: Adelino F. Tamayo
Mother’s Name: Emeline F. Tamayo
Elementary: Alangalang I Central School 2007-2008
Secondary: Alangalang National High School 2011-2012
Training Attended: On the Job Training at LEYECO III, Tunga Leyte May - June
2018
71

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CHAPTER I

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Technology emerged to introduce many ways of advancement. The rise of modern

before. People expect more breakthroughs as time goes by.

hence, the speed controller is a very important part of a fan.

movements and with the changes in ambient temperature, by using a microcontroller to

The objective of this research is to:

A. To develop an Electric Fan with the following features:

A.1 Automatically turn on/off using motion and temperature sensor.

B. To determine the significant advancement of Motion and Thermal Sensor-based Energy

Generating Electric Fan.

Significance of the Study

The result of the study may be beneficial to the following:

have drained phone batteries while waiting to their patients.

exerting any effort.

also improves social skills by meeting experienced professionals and to be flexible in

adapting modern ideas.

Conceptual Framework of the Study

Figure. 1 Project Flow Process

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

is applied to the 3D gesture motion sensor within a range of 12 inches. To automatically

with specified dimensions.

Arduino -Arduino is an open-source hardware and software company, project and

user community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and

Automation-or automatic control is the use of various control systems for

applications and vehicles with minimal or reduced human.

connections provided to power electrical devices such as flashlights, smartphones. When a

terminal is the anode (Kiran Deware, 2015).

Bluetooth- short-range wireless communication technology that allows

((Melanie Pinola, 2010).

DHT11 temperature - is a basic, low-cost digital temperature and humidity

generator (Pauling, 1988)

Microcontroller -A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit. In

may include microcontroller as one of its components.

Microprocessor - The microprocessor is a multipurpose, clock driven, register based,

the contacts will change their state.

from across the office or across the world.

Signals-In the physical world, any quantity exhibiting variation in time or

Temperature - is a physical quantity expressing hot and cold. It is measured with a

are the Celsius scale, Fahrenheit scale, and Kelvin scale.

Thermoelectric effect – It refers to the conversion of temperature differences into

Transformer - A transformer is a static electrical device that transfers electrical

"voltage" across a second coil.

electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three

terminals for connection to an external circuit.

Ventilation-Ventilation is the intentional introduction of ambient air into a space and

also be used for purposes of thermal comfort or dehumidification.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

A simple installation of commercially available motion sensors can contribute to reduce

produces a magnetic field (JacksonVille A.U., 2010)

temperature detected from temperature sensor (Hussain, 2018).

generated on the output (Vlandyslav, 2017.)

detect motion up to 6 meters (Vaghela, 2017)

A thermistor or thermal resistor is a type of resistor whose resistance is dependent on

in measurement and control circuits. The relationship between a thermistor’s temperature

Positive Temperature Coefficient (P.T.C) Negative Temperature Coefficient (N.T.C)

semiconducting material. They work because raising the temperature of a semiconductor

Positive Temperature Coefficient (P.T.C) thermistor exhibit increasing electrical resistance

with increase in environmental temperature and decreasing electrical resistance with

potential barriers at the grain boundaries (Adeloye, 2017).

Such of which are accuracy, environmental condition, range, calibration, resolution,

as primary input quantity (Measurable), transduction principles (Using physical and

such as toilets and corridors (Appl.Syst. Innov., 2019).