Index

 Acknowledgement
 Certificate
 Introduction
 AIM
 Apparatus
 Chemicals Required
 Test for Carbonate
 Test for Calcium
 Test for Phosphate
 Test for Acetate
 Test for Magnesium
 Conclusion
 Bibliography
 Acknowledgement
I would like to express my sincerest thanks and deep sense
of gratitude to my chemistry teacher Mrs. Poonam Sharma.
She has always been helpful to me and also acted as my
project guide with her able guidance throughout the
duration of my project work despite our busy schedule.
She was always there for me whenever I needed her help.

Then I would like to thank the laboratory assistant of

chemistry lab for his assistance and co-operation.

Finally I would like to thank my parents and my friends

without whom I would not been able to complete my
project.

ANURAG MEHRA
XII- A
 Certificate

This is to clarify that the project report on the topic “presence of

ions in toothpaste” submitted by Anurag Mehra of “XII- A” of
St. Mary’s Christian School is an original one authentic and is
done in fulfillment of C.B.S.E SYLLABUS for all India senior
school secondary examination to be held in the year 2015-16.

Signature of Subject Teacher ___________

Signature of Examiner _______________

 Introduction
Every toothpaste contains the following ingredients:
Binders, abrasives, flavors, sweeteners, fluorides, tooth
whiteners, a preservative and water. Binders thicken
toothpaste- they prevent separation of the solid and
liquid component, especially storage. They also effect
the speed and volume of foam production, rate of flavor
release and product dispersal, the appearance of
toothpaste ribbon on the toothbrush. Some binders are
gum methyl cellulose, carrageen and magnesium
aluminum silicate.
 AIM

TO CHECK THE IONS PRESENT IN THE TOOTH

PASTE OF VARIOUS BRANDS.
 Apparatus and
Chemicals Required
 Test Tubes
 Test Tube Holder
 Glass Rod
 Lime water [Ca(OH)2]
 Dilute H2SO4
 Ammonium Oxalate [(NH4)2C2O4]
 Dilute and Conc. HNO3
 Ammonium Molybdate
 Ferric chloride [FeCl3]
 Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate
 Ammonium Chloride [NH4Cl]
 Ammonium Hydroxide [NH4OH]
 Test for
Carbonate
Experiment
Add dilute H2SO4 to test tube containing toothpaste.
Pass the evolved gas through lime water. It will turn
milky.

S.N Name of the Conclusion

o toothpaste
1. Pepsodent CO32-
present
2. Colgate CO32-
present
3. Close Up CO32-
present

Chemical Reaction
Involved
CO32- + H2SO4 (aq) → CO2(g) + SO42-(aq) +
H2O (l)
CO2(g) + Ca(OH)2(aq) → CaCO3(g) + H2O (l)
Calcium Hydroxide Calcium Carbonate

(Lime water) (White ppt.)

Test for
Calcium
Experiment
To 1 ml of O.S. directly add 1 ml of ammonium
oxalate solution. Add a little ammonium hydroxide
and scratch the sides. White precipitate will appear.
S.No Name of the Conclusion
toothpaste
1. Pepsodent Ca2+confir
med
2. Colgate Ca2+confir
med
3. Close Up Ca2+confir
med
Chemical Reaction
Involved
Ca2+ (aq) + (NH4)2C2O4 (aq) →CaC2O4 (s) +
2NH4+(aq)
Calcium ions Ammonium oxalate Calcium oxalate

Ammonium ions

(White ppt.)

Test for
Phosphate
Experiment
To 2-3 ml of O.S. directly add excess dilute HNO3. To
this, add 1-2 ml of concentrate HNO3 andthen 3-4 ml
of ammonium molybdate reagent and then keep it
aside for 5 minute. Canary yellow crystalline
precipitate will form.
S.No Name of the Conclusion
toothpaste
1. Pepsodent PO43-
present
2. Colgate PO43-
present
3. Close Up PO43-
present

Chemical Reaction
Involved
PO43- + 12 MoO42- + 24H+→ (PMo12O40)3- +
12H2O (l)
Molybdate ion Phospho molybdate ions

Canary yellow

Test for
Acetate
Experiment
To 1 ml of O.S. directly add HCl drop wise. Wait till
effervescence stops. Add freshly prepared
FeCl3solution. Brick red color will appear.
S.No Name of Conclusion
the
toothpaste
1. Pepsodent CH3COO-absent
2. Colgate CH3COO- absent
3. Close Up CH3COO- absent

Chemical Reaction
Involved
3CH3COO-(aq) + FeCl3(aq) →
Fe(CH3COO)3(aq) + 3Cl-
Acetate ion Ferric chloride Ferric acetate (Red

colour)

Test for
Magnesium
Experiment
To 1 ml of original solution (which is concentrated
by heating) add NH4Cl and NH4OH in excess
followed by disodium hydrogen phosphate. Scratch
the inside test tube with glass rod. White crystalline
precipitate will appear.
S.No Name of the Conclusion
toothpaste
1. Pepsodent Mg2+
present
2. Colgate Mg2+
present
3. Close Up Mg2+
present

Chemical Reaction
Involved
Mg2+ + HPO42-(aq) +NH4+
(aq)→Mg(NH4)PO4(s) + H+(aq)
Hydrogen Magnesium ammonium

Phosphate ions phosphate

(Crystalline white

ppt)
 Conclusion
Hence after testing different samples of
toothpaste, we find that Colgate, Pepsodent
and Close Up has necessary ingredients for
making teeth stronger and whiter.
 Bibliography

1. Britannica encyclopedia
2. NCERT chemistry
3. Google
4. Chemistry today
5. Wikipedia