ACCRA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

INDEX NUMBER
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
END OF FIRST SEMESTER FULL TIME EXAMINATION, 2018/2019 ACADEMIC YEAR
HND PLANT II
COURSE CODE: MCE 254 COURSE TITLE: INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS (Section A on the question paper)
TIME ALLOWED: 2 Hours

SECTION A: Answer all questions

1. The probability of knocking in diesel engines is increased by:
a. High self-ignition temperature.
b. Low volatility.
c. High viscosity.
d. All of the above.
2. In a four stroke cycle petrol engine, the compression:
a. Starts at 40⁰ after bottom dead Centre and ends at 30⁰ before top dead Centre.
b. Starts at 40⁰ before bottom dead Centre and ends at 30⁰ after bottom dead Centre.
c. Starts at bottom dead Centre and ends at top dead Centre.
d. May start and end anywhere.
3. The maximum temperature in the I.C engine cylinder is of the order of:
a. 500-1000⁰C.
b. 1000-1500⁰C.
c. 1500-2000⁰C.
d. 2000-2500⁰C.
4. Supercharging is the process of:
a. Supplying the intake of an engine with air at a density greater than the density of the
surroundings atmosphere.
b. Providing forced cooling air.
c. Injecting excess fuel for raising more loads.

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 d. Supplying compressed air to remove combustion products fully.
5. The knocking in spark ignition engines can be reduced by:
a. Retarding the spark.
b. Increasing the engine speed.
c. Both A and B.
d. None of these.
6. Internal combustion engines that have compression ignition are called:
a. Gasoline engines.
b. Diesel engines.
c. Steam engines.
d. All of the above.
7. Air filtering is achieved for internal combustion engines by passing air through:
a. Copper gauze baffles.
b. A felt filter.
c. Oil.
d. All of the above.
8. At high elevations, engines operating with a supercharger develop:
a. More power than engines without a supercharger.
b. Less power than engines without a supercharger.
c. About the same power as engines without a supercharger.
d. None of these.
9. The radiator transfers:
a. Heat away from the engine.
b. Heat to the engine.
c. Water out of the combustion chamber.
d. None of these.
10. Electrical power may be supplied to the electrical systems of motors by:
a. Batteries.
b. External power lines.
c. A magneto.
d. All of the above.

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11. Look at the drawing.

This engine uses one piston stroke for each single event in the combustion cycle. This is a:
a. One-cycle engine.
b. Two-cycle engine.
c. Four-cycle engine.
d. Eight-cycle engine.
12. Flow of gas into and out of a cylinder is controlled by:
a. The crankcase.
b. Valves.
c. The head.
d. The spark plugs.
13. Look at the drawing.

High-pressure gas expands in this cylinder and:

a. Moves the piston upward.

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 b. Moves the piston downward.
c. The piston remains stationary.
d. None of these.
14. In an internal combustion engine, combustion takes place in the:
a. Piston.
b. Cylinder.
c. Crankshaft.
d. Connecting rod.
15. When a shaft is driving a pump or compressor, it is:
a. Doing work.
b. Converting chemical energy to mechanical energy.
c. Transferring heat.
d. All of the above.
16. Combustion requires:
a. Fuel.
b. Oxygen.
c. A source of ignition.
d. All of the above.
17. A complete cycle for an internal combustion engine is composed of:
a. An intake stroke and an exhaust stroke.
b. Intake, compression, and exhaust stroke.
c. Intake, power, and exhaust strokes.
d. Intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes.
18. A fuel for internal combustion engines is:
a. Gasoline.
b. Natural gas.
c. Diesel.
d. All of the above.
19. The electrical system of an engine produces:
a. Fuel.
b. Oxygen.

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 c. Compression.
d. Ignition.
20. In a two-cycle engine:
a. The inlet port is open when the exhaust is closed.
b. The inlet port and exhaust port are opened at the same time.
c. The inlet valve is closed during the exhaust stroke.
d. All of the above.
21. The source of oxygen for combustion of the fuel in an engine is:
a. Pure oxygen.
b. Air.
c. Carbon dioxide.
d. Nitrogen.
22. Higher than normal water temperature may be caused by:
a. An overloaded engine.
b. A constriction in the water flow.
c. Both of the above.
d. Either A or B.
23. In an internal combustion engine, oil is used to:
a. Remove small bits of metal.
b. Reduce friction.
c. Prevent gas from leaking around pistons.
d. All of the above.
24. As the load changes on an engine, the constant speed is maintained by a:
a. Governor.
b. Carburetor.
c. Throttle.
d. All of the above.
25. The intake and exhaust mechanisms of a two-cycle engine are timed by the:
a. Piston.
b. Camshaft.
c. Valves.

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 d. Crankshaft.

SECTION B:
QUESTION 1
a) What is ignition delay?
b) Summarize what happens during ignition delay
c) State 5 conditions that causes the average droplet size (during spray injection), to be
minimal.
d) Label the Schematics (Fig. 1) of the injection spray shown below.

Fig 1