Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Introduction

Solid waste management program is one that is fully implemented, accepted, and

institutionalized by the people and organizations. It requires a combination of expertise,

regulatory power, enforcement powers and education. The Republic Act 9003 known as

“Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000” provides the legal framework that

defines what constitutes proper, effective and efficient solid waste management. It gives

responsibility to and requires accountability from stakeholders including the Local

Government Unit (LGU) and waste generators.

Solid Waste Management (SWM) is defined as the control, generation, storage,

collection, transfer and transport, processing and disposal of solid waste consistent with

the best practices of public health, economic and financial, administrative, legal and

environmental consideration (Othman, 2002). The primary goal of solid waste

management is reducing and eliminating adverse impacts of waste materials on human

health and environment to support economic development and superior quality of life. That

requires every individual to take the responsibility of their waste properly for the

effectiveness of the Solid Waste Management (SWM) system.

Waste is generated by and from different sectors; domestic, commercial industrial

and others, Waste from these sources are highly heterogeneous in nature and have variable

physical characteristics. The heterogeneity of the generated waste is a major setback in its

utilization as a raw material. Source sorting and separation of waste is one of the traditional

fractionation methods and fundamental steps in an integrated waste management system

with the potential to provide data on waste generation and the quality of the fractions.

However, the success of any designed waste segregation system will depend largely on the

active participation of the waste generators in the various communities and how they

comply with the principles of sorting and separation of the waste (Valkenburg et al., 2008).

This study aims to determine the level of implementation of solid waste

management in Brgy. Naga, Jimenez Misamis Occidental.

Theoretical Framework of the Study

Cherimisinoff (2003), explained and proposed in his book-Handbook of Solid

Waste Management and Waste Minimization Technologies- the importance of the waste

hierarchy in tackling any solid waste management venture; a thorough discussion of the

chart and how it applies to Solid Waste Management comprise the basic concepts for its

establishment.

According to Deloitte, in Africa, between 1990 and 2004, approximately 14% of

public sector infrastructure was provided through PPPs, the most common sectors being

water, energy and transport. The PPP trend is global, accelerating and encompassing a

broad range of infrastructure sectors. Applying PPPs in social infrastructure sectors have

to some extent reduced the concentration of PPP projects at the central government level.

Increasing number of local authorities is engaging in PPP arrangements to procure much

needed local infrastructure.

Solid waste varies in generation rates and compositions between localities due to

socio-economic and climate season. According to Ngoc and Schnitzer, it is fundamental in

waste management to know the pattern of waste generation and their factors. Similarly,

Beigl, Sandra & Stefan opined that solid wastes data is relevant in estimating material
recovery, human resource and equipment, physical, chemical and thermal properties as

potentials for policy decisions. Data is relevant in evaluating sizes and locating collection

facilities and route design for waste disposals. Recent findings as in Ezeah cited positive

results from waste management in many parts of the world where reliable data base is used

to identify appropriate policies that suit local conditions. Thus, reliable database is

necessary to identify appropriate policy for efficient solid waste management in Bauchi

metropolis and cities in developing countries.

Conceptual Framework

This study aimed to determine the level of implementation of solid waste

management in Brgy. Naga, Jimenez Misamis Occidental. In this study, the independent

variable is the level of implementation. While the dependent variable is the solid waste

management. Implications were then, drawn from the findings of the study. Figure 1 on

the next page showed the schematic diagram of the study.

 Solid Waste Level of
Management Implementation Implications

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of the Study of the Conceptual Framework of the Study
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the level of implementation of Solid Waste

Management in Brgy. Naga, Jimenez Misamis Occidental.

Specifically, this research seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What is the level of implementation of SWM in Brgy. Naga, Jimenez Misamis

Occidental in terms of:

1.1 Functions of the barangay of SWM Committees; and

1.2 Residents responsibilities in SWM?

Significance of the Study

The result of this study will be beneficial in different ways to the following:

Barangay Officials.The results of this study will help the Barangay Officials of Naga,

Jimenez Misamis Occidental improving their strategy and strengthen the implementation

of Solid waste Management.

Community.The study will increase their awareness on the problem of solid waste.

Their cooperation in the implementation of the regulations will encourage solution to the

problem. Moreover, the results will help promote public health safety and clean

environment.

Students. This serves as a guide to educate the students in proper solid waste disposal

as well as awaken their responsibility as steward of the environment.

Researchers.The results of the study will serve as references and precursor for related

researches that will augment solution on solid waste problem.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The present study is limited only on the waste management policy in the Philippines

and Role of Governance towards effective waste management in Brgy. Naga, Jimenez

Misamis Occidental during the Calendar Year 2019-2020.

Operational Definition of Terms

For better understanding of this study, the following terms are conceptually and

operationally defined.

Disposal. It refers to the discharge, deposit, dumping, spilling, leaking or placing

of any solid waste into any land.

Solid Waste.It is the unwanted or useless solid materials generated from combined

residential, industrial and commercial activities in a given area.

Solid Waste Management.It is the reduction or elimination of adverse impacts on

the environment and human health which supports economic development and improved

quality of life. A number of processes are involved in effectively managing waste which

includes monitoring, collection, transport, processing, recycling and disposal.

Waste generation. It refers to activities involved in identifying materials which are

no longer usable and are either gathered for systematic disposal or thrown away.