Immigration

Facts
What Every Citizen Needs to Know

1
About this presentation
Four things you need to know about this presentation

1. This is a non-partisan work. Republicans, Democrats, business leaders,

clergy, Latinos, academics and others contributed to this presentation.

2. It’s purpose is to inform.

3. The information presented herein are based on verifiable public data

obtained from recognized sources with sources listed at the bottom of
each slide.

2
“A salient characteristic of the current debate
on U.S. immigration policy is the high ratio of
hot air to data.”
Dr. Douglas Massey
Co-director, Mexican Migration Project
Princeton University

3
Immigration Quiz: True or False?

Increase amount of crime

Take jobs from Americans

Don’t pay any taxes

Strain health care &

education systems

Increase terrorism threat

4
Immigration Quiz: True or False?

Won’t enter legally

Don’t assimilate, learn

English, respect culture

No Constitutional Rights

Come here to vote illegally

Threaten our sovereignty

5
What people believe

6
 67%
Won’t assimilate or learn English

Source: Zogby American Poll, April 2006 7

 52%
Strain health care, education and
social services

Source: Pew Hispanic Center, The State of American Public Opinion on Immigration in Spring 2006 8
 49%
Don’t pay taxes

Source: Benson Strategy Group, Immigration Opinions Poll, May 9-12, 2009 9
 48%
Threaten our sovereignty

Source: Pew Hispanic Center 2006 Immigration Survey, February 8-March 7, 2006 10
 39%
Increase the crime rate

Source: FOX News/Opinion Dynamics Poll, 6 April 06 11

 35%
Take jobs from Americans

Source: Time Magazine Poll, March, 29-30, 2006 12

 31%
Increase the threat of terrorism

Source: Opinion Dynamics Fox News Poll, April 25-26, 2006 13

 20%
Won’t enter the country legally

Source: Benson Strategy Group, Immigration Opinions Poll, May 9-12, 2009 14
 ?
Have no Constitutional rights

15
 ?
Come here to vote illegally

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Unreliable Sources
Majority of false claims originate with anti-immigration groups

They rarely cite their sources or explain their conclusions

Purposefully misinterpret reports or data often disagreeing without

providing any proof for their point other than simply saying so, and often
cross-reference one another’s research

The most well-known anti-immigration groups were started by one man:

John Tanton

Bottom line: bad information makes for bad laws and policies

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Reliable Sources
Colleges and universities publishing peer-reviewed studies that stand
up to critical analysis

Use original source data from FBI, Dept. of Homeland Security, U.S.
Citizenship and Immigration Services and Dept. of Justice

Research and policy centers that are not purely “pro” or “con”

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“A lie gets halfway around the world
before the truth gets its boots on.”

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Legality

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 Civil
The type of offense for entering the
U.S. at an “improper time or place”

Source: USC 18, Title 12, Subchapter 2, Part VIII, Section 1325 21
 $50-$250
The penalty for entering the U.S. at
an “improper time or place”

Source: USC 18, Title 12, Subchapter 2, Part VIII, Section 1325 (b) 22
 False Papers
Point at which improper entry
becomes a criminal offense

Source: USC 18, Title 12, Subchapter 2, Part VIII, Section 1325 (a)(3) 23
 Arizona
States in which being in the country
without papers is a Felony

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 85%
Percentage of undocumented
entries from Mexico offset by
departures between 1965 and 1985

Source: Massey & Singer, New Estimates of Undocumented Mexican Migration and the Probability of Apprehension, 1995 25
 45%
Percentage of undocumented
immigrants who overstayed a legal
visa

Source: Pew Hispanic Center, Modes of Entry for the Unauthorized Migrant Population, May 2006 26
 3%
Percentage of total U.S. population
estimated to be undocumented

Source: Dept. of Homeland Security, Center for Immigration Statistics 27

 10
Years a naturalized citizen from
Mexico may have to wait to bring
their spouse into the U.S.

Source: American Immigration Lawyers Association, AILA Backgrounder: Myths and Facts in the Immigration Debate
28
 20
Years a naturalized citizen may have
to wait to sponsor siblings into the
U.S.

Source: American Immigration Lawyers Association, AILA Backgrounder: Myths and Facts in the Immigration Debate
29
 Population Growth 1990-2008
United States Hispanic Origin
400,000,000

14.8% 15% 15.4%

14.1%
13%
12.5%
10.6% 11.2%
300,000,000 9.5% 10%
9%

200,000,000

100,000,000

0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2007 2008

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, State & County QuickFacts 30

What is the truth?
Why do people come to the U.S.?

Priority given to families or those with in-demand technical skills

They come here to work

They come here to rejoin their families

Bottom line: Federal law must be changed to be market-driven and

to accommodate the needs of business and society

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Crime

32
 4.4%
Estimate of all Arizona crimes
committed by undocumented
immigrants

Source: ASU Incarceration Study, 2006 33

 3.5%
Percent of all undocumented
immigrants DHS deported from
Arizona with prior criminal records

Source: DHS, Office of Immigration Statistics, 2004 34

 2.1%
Percent of MCSO arrests of
undocumented immigrants as
percent of total arrests

Source: MCSO web site and press releases 35

 10%
Percent of all people booked into
MCSO jails subject to an ICE “hold”

Source: M. Kiefer, Arizona Republic, Feb. 25, 2008 36

 52.5%
Percent drop in violent crime as
undocumented population grew
between 1994-2006

Source: U.S. DoJ, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Key Facts At A Glance, March 29, 2010 37
 48.6%
Percent drop in property crime as
undocumented population grew
between 1994-2006

Source: U.S. DoJ, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Key Facts at a Glance, March 29, 2010 38
 What is the truth?
Although the undocumented
population has grown by an
estimated 1,400 people per
day, the murder rate declined
from 61 per day in 1996 to 47
per day in 2006.

Total murders per day have

declined while the number of
undocumented aliens
entering the country has
increased.

Source: Paul Stiles, Novice Bear, January 10, 2008 39

 31.6%
Hispanics as a percentage of all
persons arrested in Arizona

Source: Arizona Department of Public Safety, Crime in Arizona 2006 40

 29.2%
Hispanics as a percentage of all
Arizona residents

Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, State Population Estimates by Characteristics 2006 41
 45%
Percentage that first-generation
immigrants are less likely to
commit any crime

Source: Sampson, Morenoff, et. al.: Public Health Matters, Vol. 95., No. 2, pp. 224-232 42
 13%
Incarceration rate of native-born
males 18-39 in California with less
than a high school diploma

Source: Crime, Corrections and California, California Counts, PPIC, Vol. 9, No. 3, February, 2008 43
 0.5%
Incarceration rate of immigrant
males 18-40 in California with less
than a high school diploma

Source: Crime, Corrections and California, California Counts, PPIC, Vol. 9, No. 3, February, 2008 44
 5
Number of times native citizens are
more likely than any immigrant to be
incarcerated

Source: Debunking the Myth of Immigrant Criminality: Imprisonment Among First- and Second-Generation
Young Men, Rubén G. Rumbaut, Roberto G. Gonzales, Golnaz Komaie, and Charlie V. Morgan, 2006 45
 73.3%
The percentage of the U.S. prison
population who are U.S. citizens

Source: U.S Bureau of Prisons, BOP Quick Facts, February 27, 2010 46
 18.0%
Percentage of the U.S. prison
population who are Mexican citizens

Source: U.S Bureau of Prisons, BOP Quick Facts, February 27, 2010 47
 What is the truth?
Understanding the numbers

DHS data report cumulative arrest numbers that do NOT indicate the
actual number of people who may have crossed illegally.

“The relationship between apprehensions to either the number of attempted

illegal entries or the number of successful illegal entries is unclear”

Bottom line: There is virtually nothing you can infer about the volume of
illegal migration from the number of apprehensions

Source: DHS Office of Immigration Statistics Fact Sheet “Border Apprehensions, November. 2006 48
Jobs

49
 66%
Percent of undocumented Mexican
immigrants who have not completed
high-school

Source: Pew Hispanic Center, Survey of Mexican Migrants, December 6, 2005, p. 36. 50
 $259
Average day-laborer weekly income

Source: Day Labor in the Golden State, CEP, Vol. 3, No. 3, 2007 51
 $7.25/hr
Arizona minimum wage for 2010

Source: The Industrial Commission of Arizona, Minimum Wage Standard, 2010. 52

 $9.71/hr
Arizona H-2A hourly Adverse Effect
Wage Rate (AWER) for 2010

Source: USDA 75 FR 6884, February 12, 2010 53

 $67,019
Median annual income for family of
four in 2005

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Median Income for 4-Person Families, by State, 2005 54
 $25,000
Average family income of a migrant
family of four

Source: Pew Hispanic Center, Unauthorized Migrants: Numbers and Characteristics, 2005 55
 14 million
Number of new jobs created in U.S.
between 1996 and 2000

Source: Bean, Frank D., and Gillian Stevens, 2003. America’s Newcomers and the Dynamics of Diversity. 56
 12 million
Total U.S. population growth
between 1996 and 2000

Source:Bean, Frank D., and Gillian Stevens, 2003. America’s Newcomers and the Dynamics of Diversity. 57
 Undocumented Impact on Wages
0-8 Years 8-11 Years 12-20 Years

40%
34%

30%

20%

10% 8%

0%
-3%

-10%
1990-2004

Source: University of Arizona 58

 Foreign-Born Labor Force: 2007
Non-Citizen Naturalized Native-born

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%
Sales & Admin Professional Manufacturing Services Construction Agriculture

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, The Foreign-Born Labor Force in the United States: 2007, Figure 6. 59
 Annual Immigration Limits: 1996, 2004-2009
Family Preference Employment Preference
400,000

300,000

200,000

100,000

0
1996 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Source: DHS, Office of Immigration Statistics, U.S. Legal Permanent Residents: 1996, 2004-2009
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 24
Number of hours to fill quota of
65,000 H1-B visas for 2008

Source: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

61
 60
Days needed to fill quota of
66,000 H2-B visas for 2008

Source: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

62
 30,000
Number of unskilled workers needed
daily by Yuma farmer Tim Dunn to
bring in a winter lettuce crop

Source: Interview on Desert Politics, Dec. 8, 2007

63
 375
Number of new non-family related
employment visas issued to
Mexican citizens for all of 2009

Source: U.S. Department of State, Report of the Visa Office 2009, Table III
64
What is the truth?
Taking good jobs from Americans

Studies from Berkeley, and U.C. Davis show there is no relationship

between an influx of migrant workers and the ability of native citizens to
find work.

Immigrants overall increase the wages of natives, partially because

natives tend to become the supervisors of the migrant workers

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What is the truth?
Immigration fills legitimate labor needs

Aging and low birthrate of U.S. population means greater need for
additional workers in order to:

Fill available jobs at all levels - we don’t have enough replacement

workers

Contribute local, state and Federal taxes to cover Social Security and
Medicare

Low employment rates encourages export of U.S. jobs overseas

due to lack of a skilled and motivated labor market

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Taxes

67
What is the truth?
Paying Taxes

Studies from ASU, University of Arizona, Thunderbird School of

Management, the Texas Comptroller, the Social Security
Administration and common sense show that:

Undocumented workers pay just about every type of tax there is

including: sales, real estate, income, social security, and other taxes

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 $940M
Undocumented immigrant’s net
financial benefit to the Arizona
economy

Source: University of Arizona, Immigrants in Arizona, Gans, 2006 69

 $78M
Undocumented immigrant’s sales
tax contributions to the Arizona
economy

Source: University of Arizona, Immigrants in Arizona, Gans, 2006 70

 $836B
Earnings Suspense File account
balance from non-matching SSNs as
of the end of FY2009

Source: U.S. Social Security Administration, SSA’S FY 2009 Performance and Accountability Report
71
 60%
Percent growth in SSA Earnings
Suspense File account balance
2005-2009

Source: U.S. Social Security Administration, SSA’S FY 2009 Performance and Accountability Report
72
 $0
Amount of Suspense Fund balance
payable to undocumented
immigrants

Source: U.S. Social Security Administration, Auditor’s Report, 2007 73

 $1B
Loss in Arizona state revenues from
the loss of 50,000 jobs

Source: APS Immigration Loss Impact Study 74

What is the truth?
Paying Taxes

In Arizona, sales taxes supply nearly half of our state revenues. All
immigrants pay sales taxes

Schools are funded through property taxes that are paid by anyone
who owns a home, rents a home or apartment or a business
(Landlords cover their taxes through tenants’ rent payments)

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Assimilation

76
 1910
The year in which the percentage of
foreign-born residents reached its
peak of 14.7%

Source: Pew Hispanic Center, 2007 and Gibbons and Lennon, 1999
77
 12.6%
Percentage of foreign-born residents
of the U.S. in 2007

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2007 American Community Survey

78
 13
Annual rate of immigrants per 1,000
U.S. residents in 1910

Source: The New Americans, National Research Council

79
 3
Annual rate of immigrants per 1,000
U.S. residents in 2005

Source: The New Americans, National Research Council

80
 25%
Percentage of the immigrant
population that could not speak
English at all in 1900

Source: George Rodriguez, “ From Newcomers to New Americans...,” p. 18

81
 47 million
Number of U.S. citizens who speak
a non-English language at home
1980-2000

Source: Bean FD, Stevens G. 2003. America’s Newcomers and the Dynamics of Diversity. New York: Russell Sage. P. 149
82
 8%
Percentage of the immigrant
population that could not speak
English at all in 1990

Source: George Rodriguez, “ From Newcomers to New Americans...,” p. 18

83
 95%
Percentage of Mexican-Americans
who could speak English well in
1990

Source: R. Alba and V. Nee, “Remaking the American Mainstream: Assimilation and Contemporary Immigration” p. 227
84
 743,715
Total number of new naturalized
citizens in 2009

Source: DHS, Office of Immigration Statistics, Naturalizations in the U.S., 2009 85

 2X
The rate at which Mexican
immigrants become legal U.S.
citizens compared to other countries

Source: DHS, Office of Immigration Statistics, Naturalizations in the U.S., 2009 86

 10
Number of years after arrival that
75% of immigrants speak English as
well as natives

Source: American Immigration Lawyers Association, Myths vs, Facts 87

 Learning the language
First Generation Second Generation Third Generation and later

100% 94%
88%

75%

50%

23%
25%

0%
Hispanic Origin English Mastery

Source: Pew Hispanic Center, “English Usage Among Hispanics in the United States,” November 29, 2007 88
 30
Number of years the unavailability of
English language programs delays
assimilation

Source: Pew Hispanic Center

89
 20%
Percent of the recipients of the
Congressional Medal of Honor in
U.S. wars who were immigrants

Source: AILF Policy Report, March 2003 90

 51%
Percentage of first-generation
California immigrants (1970’s) who
have purchased homes by 2000

Source: Russell Sage Foundation 91

 75%
Percentage of all immigrants who
have permanent legal status

Source: Dept. of Homeland Security 92

Other myths

93
 3%
Percentage of any kind or any
status of immigrant who receives
food stamps

Source: Federalist Society Seminar Immigration, Amnesty and the Rule of Law, Nov. 16, 2007 94
 10
Years legal permanent residents
must pay into Social Security and
Medicare before they get benefits

Source: Congressional Research Service 95

 10%
Percentage of California’s
uncompensated health care in 2007
attributable to undocumented
immigrant’s E.R. use
Source: California Hospital Association 96
 13%
National percentage of “Hispanic or
Latino” total E.R. visits in 2006

Source: National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2006 Emergency Department Summary, Table 2: Number, percent distribution, and
annual rate of emergency department visits with corresponding standard errors, by patient characteristics: United States, 2006 97
 61%
“White non-Hispanic” percentage of
total Arizona E.R. visits in 2008

Source: ADHS Table 4C-2 “Rates* of Emergency Room Visits by Race/Ethnicity and Gender, Arizona, 2008 98
 28%
“Hispanic or Latino” percentage of
total Arizona E.R. visits in 2008

Source: ADHS Table 4C-2 “Rates* of Emergency Room Visits by Race/Ethnicity and Gender, Arizona, 2008 99
 50%
Percent undocumented immigrants
are less likely to use emergency
rooms than native Latinos

Source: Sampson, Morenoff, et. al.: Public Health Matters, Vol. 95., No. 2 100
 2.1
The number of fewer doctor visits of
undocumented Latinos compared
with their US-born counterparts

Source: Alexander N. Ortega, PhD, et.al; Archives of Internal Medicine. 2007;167(21): 2354-2360 101
 1/2 - 2/3
Recent immigrants' per-person
unadjusted medical expenditures
compared to U.S. born, even when
immigrants had full insurance
Source: Alexander N. Ortega, PhD, et.al; Archives of Internal Medicine. 2007;167(21): 2354-2360 102
 $11
Estimated taxes per-person spent
annually on health care for
undocumented immigrants aged
18-64
Source: “Immigrants And The Cost Of Medical Care: Health Affairs, 25, no. 6 (2006): 1700-1711 103
What is the truth?
CNN’s Lou Dobbs reported that leprosy cases increased by 7,000
cases in the last three years.

According to the National Hansen’s Disease Program there have

been only 7,000 cases in the entire U.S. the last 30 years.

The term “LaRaza” as in “The National Council of LaRaza” does NOT

mean “the race.” Besides, “Hispanic” and “Latino” isn’t a race. It’s
an ethnicity--just like

LaRaza, properly translated, means “the people.”

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What is the truth?
Joe Turner, founder of Save Our State – California (an anti-
immigration group) has said, “Just because one believes in white
separatism, that does not make them racist.”

At a Federalist Society seminar titled ‘Immigration, Amnesty, and the

Rule of Law,’ Georgetown University Law Center Dean T. Alexander
Aleintikoff said: “There is no substantial evidence of voter fraud or of
illegals serving on juries.”

There is no NAFTA Superhighway. This refers to a series of existing

roads that carry international trade between Mexico and/or Canada.

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Arizona Poll Results

106
 65%
Disagree with classifying
undocumented immigrants as
“common criminals”

Source: BRC Rocky Mountain Poll - RMP 2007-V-01 107

 66%
Agree that politicians are turning
immigration into an “ugly racial
issue”

Source: BRC Rocky Mountain Poll - RMP 2007-V-01 108

 78%
Agree that a “guest worker”
program should be implemented

Source: BRC Rocky Mountain Poll - RMP 2007-V-01 109

 83%
Agree that fair and humane
treatment of foreign workers is as
important as securing the border

Source: BRC Rocky Mountain Poll - RMP 2007-V-01 110

 The Bottom Line
The vast majority of Arizonans
want practical, market-driven
immigration reform without the
racial overtones

Source: BRC Rocky Mountain Poll - RMP 2007-V-01 111

Summary

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“The greatest threat to democracy is having a
public that thinks it is fully informed, but really
isn’t very well informed at all.”
Linda Foley

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Now you know
Undocumented Immigrants:

Are less likely to commit crimes and at a lesser rate than citizens

Contribute significantly to the state and nation’s economy

Are not a drain on state resources or programs

Are ineligible to receive welfare, social security, health care, etc.

Come here to work and support their families

114
Our present course is risky
Our prosperity depends on getting immigration right

Loss of 10-14% of workforce and associated economic power is

adversely affecting our state’s economy

Home foreclosures and abandonments are at record levels

Farmers are letting land go fallow or are moving out of state

Business owners are announcing they would never come to Arizona

Businesses are laying off Arizona workers and moving jobs out of state

115
What you can do
Review the documents, video and audio on the CD you received

Share these facts with your family, friends and colleagues

Volunteer to help spread the truth, several groups are willing to train
you in how to share this information

Talk to candidates and get their viewpoints

Contact your Congressman and let them know you support a market-
driven, comprehensive solutions based on the facts

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Thank You
For your time and attention
Schedule a presentations for other groups
Get involved and educate the public

© 2008-2010 Arizona Employers for Immigration Reform

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 Thou shalt not be a victim
Thou shalt not be a perpetrator
Above all, thou shalt not be a bystander
A sign in the Holocaust Museum
Washington, D.C.

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