3 Dimensions of A Triad

THE
3 DIMENSIONS
OF A TRIAD
- IDENTITY - TONALITY - STABILITY
JERMAINE GRIGGS
FEATURING
CHUKU ONYEMACHI
THE
3 DIMENSIONS
OF A TRIAD
JERMAINE GRIGGS
F E A T U R I N G
CHUKU ONYEMACHI
www.hearandplay.com
Hear & Play Music,
22521 Avenida Empresa Suite 113
Rancho Santa Margarita, CA 92688
1-877-856-4187 *
© 2017 Hear and Play Music
This book may not be reproduced in whole or part by any

means without permission.
CONTENTS
Preliminaries I - III
Chapter One - The Identity Of A Triad 1-3

Chapter Two - The Tonality Of A Triad 4-6
Chapter Three - The Stability Of A Triad 7-9
Exercises - Chapter One (Questions) 10 - 17

Exercises - Chapter Two (Questions) 18 - 25
Exercises - Chapter Three (Questions) 26 - 33
Exercises - Chapter One (Answers) 34 - 38

Exercises - Chapter Two (Answers) 39 - 43
Exercises - Chapter Three (Answers) 44 - 48
The 3 Dimensions Of A Triad
THE PRELIMINARIES
Triads are commonly used in a wide spectrum of music styles. Irrespective of a
musician's orientation (whether popular or classical), style (gospel, jazz, rock, blues,
etc.), skill level (beginner, learner, intermediate, advanced, etc.) he or she must have
something to do with triads.
Being aware of the importance of triads, we'll be focusing on their identity, tonality,
and stability.
Attention: Please don't let the terms confuse you. It's simpler than it sounds.
A SHORT NOTE ON TRIADS

A triad is a collection of three or more related notes (agreeable or not) which are
played or heard together. From the definition of a triad, a triad is basically a chord of
three notes.
However, it's not just any collection of three notes that can be considered as a triad.
Before a collection of three notes is considered as a triad, there must be a relationship
between those notes.
"Let's Check Out The Two Levels Of Relationship Between The Notes Of A Triad..."
The first relationship between the notes of a triad is the scale relationship, and the
second relationship is the intervallic relationship.
The notes of the C major triad (which is arguably the most popular triad):
Identity, Tonality & Stability
http://www.hearandplay.com
...are related to the C major scale:

I
This explains why C:

...E:
...and G:
..are the first, third, and fifth of the C major scale.

So, in the scale relationship between the notes of the C major triad:
...C, E, and G are related to the C natural major scale:

II
In terms of intervallic relationship, the distance between the successive notes of the C
major triad:
...is in third intervals. So, it is the intervallic relationship between the notes of the C
major triad that explains why the distance between successive notes is in third
intervals.
From C to E:
...is a third,
From E to G:
...is also a third.
In a nutshell, a triad is basically a three note chord which consists of a root, third, and
a fifth tone.
III
CHAPTER ONE
The Identity
Of A Triad
The identity of a triad is its distinguishing factor. For example, all the triads below are
major triads:
C major triad:
A major triad:
F# major triad:
Db major triad:
However, these triads can be distinguished using their identity. The identity of the first
triad (which is the C major triad):
1
...is derived from its first tone (which is C):

Therefore, given a collection of major triads, one can be able to identify any major triad
and set it apart using its identity.
When we say Db major triad, the identity of the specific major triad is attached to the
name Db:
...which is the first tone of the Db major triad:

The First Tone Of The Triad

The first tone of the triad gives the triad its identity. This identity is derived from the
letter name of the first tone of the triad.
The triad below:
2
...has E:
...as its first tone. Consequently, its an E triad:

Attention: The identity of a triad can only be determined by the lowest tone of the
chord (aka -"the root note") when the chord is played in root position.
3
CHAPTER TWO
The Tonality
Of A Triad
A Short Note On The Tonality Of A Triad

The term tonality is used to describe the character of a key and there are two tonality
types:
Major
Minor
Hence, there are major and minor keys, major and minor scales, major and minor
intervals, etc.
The character of a triad can either be major or minor and this is determined by the
distance (aka - "interval") between the first and third chord tones.
Major triads: The tonality of a triad is described using the term major if the interval of
the third tone from the first tone is a major third.
Minor triads: The tonality of a triad is described using the term minor if the interval of
the third tone from the first tone is a minor third.
In a nutshell, here's the concept of tonality:
Major third = major triad
Minor third = minor third
The interval between the first and third tones of the triad below:
...which are A and C#:

4
...is a major third.

Consequently, the A, C#, E triad:
...is a major triad:

If we put its identity (which is A) and tonality (which is major), we can describe the A,
C#, E triad:
...as an A major triad.
The Third Tone Of The Triad

The tonality of a triad -- whether it's major or minor -- is determined by the interval
formed between the first and third tones.
Attention: Augmented and diminished triads are major and minor triads respectively.
For example, tonality of the C augmented triad:
...can be determined by the distance of its third tone (which is E) from the first tone
(which is C).
5
From E:
...to C:
...is a major third interval, consequently, the C augmented triad is a major triad.
6
CHAPTER THREE
The Stability
Of A Triad
When a triad is played, there are two possible outcomes -- activity or stability.
When a triad is played and it has a feeling of repose, such a triad is said to be stable,
while triads that have the tendency to move to more stable triads are said to be active.
The stability of a chord is determined by the interval between the fifth tone and the first
tone.
All stable triads have a perfect fifth interval between their first and fifth tones while
active triads have either an augmented or a diminished fifth interval between their first
and fifth tones.
So, it's easy to determine the stability of a triad. For example, D, F, A:
...can either be a stable or an active triad and this depends on the interval between its
first and fifth tones.
Due to the fact that the interval from the fifth tone (which is A):
...to the first tone (which is D):

7
...is a perfect fifth, the D, F, A triad:

...is a stable triad.
Active Triad Types

There are two types of active triads:
Augmented triads
Diminished triads
Augmented triads: An interval of an augmented fifth between the fifth and first chord
tone produces an augmented triad.
Diminished triads: An interval of a diminished fifth between the fifth and first chord
tone produces a diminished triad.
The Fifth Tone Of The Triad

The stability of a triad -- whether stable or active -- is determined by the interval
formed between the first and fifth tones. For example, stability of the E, G, Bb triad:
8
...can be determined by the distance of its fifth tone (which is Bb) from the first tone
(which is E). From Bb:
...to E:
...is a diminished fifth interval, consequently, the E, G, Bb triad:

...is a diminished triad.
9
EXERCISES
Chapter One
IN THIS EXERCISE, YOU WILL BE REQUIRED TO DETERMINE

THE IDENTITY OF THE GIVEN TRIAD.
Question: Given the Db major triad, determine its identity.
Answer:
Db.
QUESTION #1
Question: Given the C major triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #2
Question: Given the F minor triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #3
Question: Given the Bb augmented triad, determine its identity.
10
QUESTION #4
Question: Given the Eb diminished triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #5
Question: Given the Ab major triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #6
Question: Given the Db augmented triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #7
Question: Given the Gb diminished triad, determine its identity.
11
QUESTION #8
Question: Given the B augmented triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #9
Question: Given the E minor triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #10
Question: Given the A major triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #11
Question: Given the D augmented triad, determine its identity.
12
QUESTION #12
Question: Given the G diminished triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #13
Question: Given the C minor triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #14
Question: Given the G augmented triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #15
Question: Given the D diminished triad, determine its identity.
13
QUESTION #16
Question: Given the A augmented triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #17
Question: Given the E major triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #18
Question: Given the B minor triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #19
Question: Given the Gb augmented triad, determine its identity.
14
QUESTION #20
Question: Given the Db diminished triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #21
Question: Given the Ab major triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #22
Question: Given the Eb augmented triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #23
Question: Given the Bb diminished triad, determine its identity.
15
QUESTION #24
Question: Given the F augmented triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #25
Question: Given the C minor triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #26
Question: Given the F major triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #27
Question: Given the Bb augmented triad, determine its identity.
16
QUESTION #28
Question: Given the Eb diminished triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #29
Question: Given the Ab minor triad, determine its identity.
QUESTION #30
Question: Given the Db augmented triad, determine its identity.
17
EXERCISES
Chapter Two

THE TONALITY OF THE GIVEN TRIAD.
Question: Given the Db major triad, determine its tonality.
Answer:
Major.
QUESTION #1
Question: Given the C major triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #2
Question: Given the F minor triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #3
Question: Given the Bb augmented triad, determine its tonality.
18
QUESTION #4
Question: Given the Eb diminished triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #5
Question: Given the Ab major triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #6
Question: Given the Db augmented triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #7
Question: Given the Gb diminished triad, determine its tonality.
19
QUESTION #8
Question: Given the B augmented triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #9
Question: Given the E minor triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #10
Question: Given the A major triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #11
Question: Given the D augmented triad, determine its tonality.
20
QUESTION #12
Question: Given the G diminished triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #13
Question: Given the C minor triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #14
Question: Given the G augmented triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #15
Question: Given the D diminished triad, determine its tonality.
21
QUESTION #16
Question: Given the A augmented triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #17
Question: Given the E major triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #18
Question: Given the B minor triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #19
Question: Given the Gb augmented triad, determine its tonality.
22
QUESTION #20
Question: Given the Db diminished triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #21
Question: Given the Ab major triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #22
Question: Given the Eb augmented triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #23
Question: Given the Bb diminished triad, determine its tonality.
23
QUESTION #24
Question: Given the F augmented triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #25
Question: Given the C minor triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #26
Question: Given the F major triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #27
Question: Given the Bb augmented triad, determine its tonality.
24
QUESTION #28
Question: Given the Eb diminished triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #29
Question: Given the Ab minor triad, determine its tonality.
QUESTION #30
Question: Given the Db augmented triad, determine its tonality.
25
EXERCISES
Chapter Three

THE STABILITY OF THE GIVEN TRIAD.
Question: Given the Db major triad, determine its stability.
Answer:
Stable.
QUESTION #1
Question: Given the C major triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #2
Question: Given the F minor triad, determine its stabilty.
QUESTION #3
Question: Given the Bb augmented triad, determine its stability.
26
QUESTION #4
Question: Given the Eb diminished triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #5
Question: Given the Ab major triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #6
Question: Given the Db augmented triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #7
Question: Given the Gb diminished triad, determine its stability.
27
QUESTION #8
Question: Given the B augmented triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #9
Question: Given the E minor triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #10
Question: Given the A major triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #11
Question: Given the D augmented triad, determine its stability.
28
QUESTION #12
Question: Given the G diminished triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #13
Question: Given the C minor triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #14
Question: Given the G augmented triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #15
Question: Given the D diminished triad, determine its stability.
29
QUESTION #16
Question: Given the A augmented triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #17
Question: Given the E major triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #18
Question: Given the B minor triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #19
Question: Given the Gb augmented triad, determine its stability.
30
QUESTION #20
Question: Given the Db diminished triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #21
Question: Given the Ab major triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #22
Question: Given the Eb augmented triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #23
Question: Given the Bb diminished triad, determine its stability.
31
QUESTION #24
Question: Given the F augmented triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #25
Question: Given the C minor triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #26
Question: Given the F major triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #27
Question: Given the Bb augmented triad, determine its stability.
32
QUESTION #28
Question: Given the Eb diminished triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #29
Question: Given the Ab minor triad, determine its stability.
QUESTION #30
Question: Given the Db augmented triad, determine its stability.
33
EXERCISES
Chapter One
(Answers)

THE IDENTITY OF THE GIVEN TRIAD.
ANSWER #1
ANSWER #2
ANSWER #3
Bb
ANSWER #4
Eb
ANSWER #5
Ab
ANSWER #6
Db
34
ANSWER #7
Gb
ANSWER #8
ANSWER #9
ANSWER #10
ANSWER #11
ANSWER #12
ANSWER #13
35
ANSWER #14
ANSWER #15
ANSWER #16
ANSWER #17
ANSWER #18
ANSWER #19
Gb
ANSWER #20
Db
36
ANSWER #21
Ab
ANSWER #22
Eb
ANSWER #23
Bb
ANSWER #24
ANSWER #25
ANSWER #26
ANSWER #27
Bb
37
ANSWER #28
Eb
ANSWER #29
Ab
ANSWER #30
Db
38
EXERCISES
Chapter Two
(Answers)

THE TONALITY OF THE GIVEN TRIAD.
ANSWER #1
Major
ANSWER #2
Minor
ANSWER #3
Major
ANSWER #4
Minor
ANSWER #5
Major
ANSWER #6
Major
39
ANSWER #7
Minor
ANSWER #8
Major
ANSWER #9
Minor
ANSWER #10
Major
ANSWER #11
Major
ANSWER #12
Minor
ANSWER #13
Minor
40
ANSWER #14
Major
ANSWER #15
Minor
ANSWER #16
Major
ANSWER #17
Major
ANSWER #18
Minor
ANSWER #19
Major
ANSWER #20
Minor
41
ANSWER #21
Major
ANSWER #22
Major
ANSWER #23
Minor
ANSWER #24
Major
ANSWER #25
Minor
ANSWER #26
Major
ANSWER #27
Major
42
ANSWER #28
Minor
ANSWER #29
MInor
ANSWER #30
Major
43
EXERCISES
Chapter Three
Answers

THE STABILITY OF THE GIVEN TRIAD.
ANSWER #1
Stable
ANSWER #2
Active
ANSWER #3
Stable
ANSWER #4
Active
ANSWER #5
Stable
ANSWER #6
Stable
44
ANSWER #7
Active
ANSWER #8
Stable
ANSWER #9
Active
ANSWER #10
Stable
ANSWER #11
Stable
ANSWER #12
Active
ANSWER #13
Active
45
ANSWER #14
Stable
ANSWER #15
Active
ANSWER #16
Stable
ANSWER #17
Stable
ANSWER #18
Active
ANSWER #19
Stable
ANSWER #20
Active
46
ANSWER #21
Stable
ANSWER #22
Stable
ANSWER #23
Active
ANSWER #24
Stable
ANSWER #25
Active
ANSWER #26
Stable
ANSWER #27
Stable
47
ANSWER #28
Active
ANSWER #29
Active
ANSWER #30
Stable
48

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THE

This book may not be reproduced in whole or part by any

Chapter One - The Identity Of A Triad 1-3

Exercises - Chapter One (Questions) 10 - 17

Exercises - Chapter One (Answers) 34 - 38

A SHORT NOTE ON TRIADS

...are related to the C major scale:

This explains why C:

..are the first, third, and fifth of the C major scale.

...C, E, and G are related to the C natural major scale:

...is also a third.

...is derived from its first tone (which is C):

...which is the first tone of the Db major triad:

The First Tone Of The Triad

...as its first tone. Consequently, its an E triad:

A Short Note On The Tonality Of A Triad

...which are A and C#:

...is a major third.

...is a major triad:

...as an A major triad.

The Third Tone Of The Triad

...to the first tone (which is D):

...is a perfect fifth, the D, F, A triad:

...is a stable triad.

Active Triad Types

The Fifth Tone Of The Triad

...is a diminished fifth interval, consequently, the E, G, Bb triad:

...is a diminished triad.

IN THIS EXERCISE, YOU WILL BE REQUIRED TO DETERMINE

IN THIS EXERCISE, YOU WILL BE REQUIRED TO DETERMINE

IN THIS EXERCISE, YOU WILL BE REQUIRED TO DETERMINE

IN THIS EXERCISE, YOU WILL BE REQUIRED TO DETERMINE

IN THIS EXERCISE, YOU WILL BE REQUIRED TO DETERMINE

IN THIS EXERCISE, YOU WILL BE REQUIRED TO DETERMINE

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