Lines and Planes

True Length
Point View
Edge View of a Plane
True Size of a Plane
 Introduction
• Concept: The location of the points in a space
is defined by the intersection of the
projection lines from one view to another.

• The primary reference planes are planes

perpendicular to the line of site of the viewer.
 Introduction
• There are 3 primary views:
1. Front View (FV)
– corresponds to the view when you observed the
Frontal Reference Plane (FRP)
2. Top View (TV)
– corresponds to the view when you observed the
Horizontal Reference Plane (HRP)
3. Right Side View (RSV)
– corresponds to the view when you observed the
Profile Reference Plane (PRP)
 Projecting Points
Steps:
1. Draw the projection lines of each
point. These lines are always Line of sight of
perpendicular to the reference the observer

planes.
B
2. For point A, its location in the RSV C
R1
is given by the intersection of the
projection lines and the arc (with A D
radius R, measured from the
HRP). HRP R
FRP
3. For point B, its location in the Top
View is given by the distance from D
D
PRP to point B in the RSV. R1
4. For Points C and D, their location B B
in the FV is given by the R A
intersection of the projection lines A
from TV and RSV. C C

PRP
FRP
4
 Determining the True Length (T.L.) and
Point View of a Line

A
Concept:
R
To construct the
True Length of a
line, draw a B
reference plane
which is parallel A
to that given line
and construct the B
auxiliary view HRP
from that FRP
reference plane. R
B
A 5
 Determining the True Length (T.L.) and
Point View of a Line
A
R
Concept:
To construct the Point B
View (PV) of a line, A
draw it as TL first,
then, from the true
length, construct a B
perpendicular HRP

reference plane and FRP AB (PV)

draw the next view. R
B
A
 Edge View (EV) and True Size (TS) of a Plane

Concept:
AB
To construct the Edge View of a plane,
find a line (contained in the given plane)
and draw it as Point View, in this way the C
plane will necessarily appear as EV. R ABC (E.V.)

R
B
Steps: B
1. Since side AB is parallel to the
reference plane (at RSV), it is TL in the
next view (FV). AB (//RP)
C C
2. Construct an auxiliary reference plane
AB (T.L.)
perpendicular to the projection line

PRP
FRP
of AB to draw it as PV. (Note: Plane
ABC appears as Edge View.) A A
7
 Edge View (EV) and True Size (TS) of a Plane

Concept:
B
To construct the True Size of a
C
plane, draw it as EV first, then
draw a reference plane which AB
is parallel to that drawn EV. R1
The resulting auxiliary view R ABC (E.V.)
C
from that reference plane
(ARP2) will give us the true
B
size of Plane ABC. B
R1

C C AB (//RP)
AB (T.L.)

PRP
FRP
A A