Problems for self-study

Gravity force

1. The mass of a body is 10 lbm. The local gravity is 31 ft/s2. Determine the gravity force.

2. The body has a weight of 25 kN. Determine the mass of the body.

3. The spherical tank with a radius of 30 ft contains water with density of 62.4 lb/ft3. Determine the
gravity force in lbf.

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 4. Air balloon has a diameter of 10 ft. The specific volume of air is 15.1 ft3/lb. The local gravity is 31
ft/s2. Determine the gravity force of the balloon.

Springs

1. The body of 5 kg is hanged from the top with the spring. The spring elongation is 8 cm.
Determine the spring stiffness k.

2. He spring is deflecting 0.12 inch per each lbf of applied force. The mass of the body is 15 lbm.
The local gravity acceleration is 31.4 ft/s2. Determine the spring elongation.

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Pressure-volume relationship

1. 5 kg gas is undergoing the polytropic process according to pv1.3=const . Initial pressure was p1=1
bar and the final is 0.25 bar. What is the final volume of the gas in m3 is the initial specific volume of
the gas is V1=0.2 m3/kg.

Absolute and vacuum pressure

2. The absolute pressure inside a tank is 0.4bar, and the surrounding atmospheric pressure is 98
kPa. What reading will show the pressure gage mounted in a tank? Is it a vacuum pressure or gage
pressure?

3. A vacuum gage indicates that the pressure of air in the tank is 0.2 bar. A mercury barometer
gives the local atmospheric pressure as 750 mm Hg. Determine the absolute pressure of air in bars.
Mercury density is 13.59 g/cm3.

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4. Refrigerant 22 vapor enters the compressor of a refrigeration system at an absolute pressure of
20 lbf/in2. A pressure gage at the compressor exit indicates a pressure of 280 lbf/in2 (gage). The
atmospheric pressure is 14.5 psi. Determine the change in absolute pressure from inlet to outlet in
psi, and the ratio of exit to inlet pressure.

5. Air contained inside the vertical piston-cylinder assembly is shown in the picture. On its top the
10 kg piston is attached to a spring and exposed to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar. Initially, the
bottom of the piston is at x=0, and the spring exerts a negligible force on the piston. The valve is
opened and air enters the cylinder from the supply line, causing the volume of the air within the
cylinder to increase by 3.9x10-4 m3. The force exerted by the spring as the air expands within the
cylinder varies linearly with X according to Fspring=kx, where k=10,000 n/m. The piston phase area is
7.8x10 -3 m3. The local acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s2.

Determine the pressure of air within the cylinder in bars when the piston is in initial position.

Repeat when the piston is in the final position.

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6. Determine the pressure in psi at the depth of 6ft below the sea level. Assume water density of
62.2 lb/ft3 and local gravity of 32.2 lb/ft3.

7. A gas is trapped inside the container and connected to the liquid manometer. The liquid has a
length L in the vertical pipe. Determine the gage pressure in psi showing in the manometer is the
length is L=1 inch and L=1 cm for two different fluids: Hg and water. Specific gravity of mercury is
13.59.

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Temperature conversions

Convert temperature values from Celsius to Fahrenheit and Rankine scale.

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Convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius and Kelvin scales