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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE
MOQUEGUA
SUBJECT: DEPOSIT TYPE VETA AND
PORFIDO TYPE FACILITY
TEACHER: Ing. JOSE SALAS MEDINA
MEMBERS:
COLQUE CALIZAYA DANIEL
MAMANI MALADONADO YUDITH
GONZALES HUMIRE MARY CIELO
COILA TURPO ABEL
BENEGAS CONDORI ALFREDO
MAMANI AMESQUITA JOEL
MAMANI MAMANI CHRISTIAN
CHAMBI LAURA YESENIA
LLANOS RIVERA ALEXANDER
QUENTA ROQUE EDUAR
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DEPOSIT OF MINERALS
INDEX
VETAS TYPE DEPOSIT ...………………………………………………………………………………….…..3
CONCLUSIONS …………………………………………………………………………………….…………….11
BIBLIOGRAPHY ……………………………………………………………………………………..…………..11
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DEPOSIT OF MINERALS
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DEPOSIT OF MINERALS
Vetas or vein structures generally appear in "sets" that is, parallel structures or subparallels
that are lost after a few hundred meters. In addition, the syn-genetic failures show a
mineralization.Conclusión para yacimientos vetiformes:
a) strong impact tectonic
b) syn- and post-genetic tectonic structures
c) Formation factors: mineralization corresponding to temperature, pressure, pH,
oxygen leakage of the hydrothermal system, porosity of the rock, fracturing of the
rock, type of minerals
d) changes of the mineralization towards the depth, the run and the width of the
structure.
e) Non-linear behavior of mineralization distribution
It should also be mentioned that deposits are the most important deposits in mining. High
laws were a strong advantage.
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DEPOSIT OF MINERALS
Vetas are highly heterogeneous structures, that is, one can expect abrupt changes in
lithology and, of course, in the contents of ore.
The heterogeneity extends to the three dimensions - the vein run, the width of the vein and
the depth.
It is recommended:
a) Perform ditches:
Sampling (interior and exterior always perpendicular to the main
structure.
b) perforations:
It is done from the outside, cutting the vein in depth never from the
inside of the vein down, chasing the vein....
The perforations from outside, cutting the vein have the advantage of crossing the entire
vein and allow analysis of the entire width of the structure, including the contacts. It's almost
the only way to get a complete picture of the entire structure.
But beware: The drill holes go through the structure at an oblique angle that forces a
correction of the apparent thickness to the real thickness. It is noted in the image (left) that
the three holes are not perpendicular to the grain - then they produce an apparent thickness,
the actual thickness is less, according to the perpendicular line.
It also shows that several shots can be made from the same drilling rig, with different
inclination.
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DEPOSIT OF MINERALS
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DEPOSIT OF MINERALS
The latter can be advanced, involving the presence of minerals such as kaolinite and alunite,
and in it can be mineralized auriferous, in a more superficial environment (from about 2 km
depth to the surface).
The main characteristics of the porphyries are indicated in the following table:
a) Geological characteristics
Favorable box rock: Favorable rocks to contain Cu porphyries are porphyritic igneous rocks
of tonalitic, granodioritic and monzogranitic composition located in volcanic and sedimentary
rocks.
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DEPOSIT OF MINERALS
Control and form of mineralization: mineralization is found in porphyritic rocks and encasing
rocks in the form of stockwork veins and disseminations.
Mineralogy and characteristics of the alteration: the mineralization and the hydrothermal
alteration have a close interrelation. Generally, the following zones can be distinguished
from the center to the periphery of the deposit:
Potassium zone:
Calcopirita + pirita +- molibdenita; zonas de calcopirita + bornita + magnetita +- Au
Phyllic and argillic zone:
Pirita +- calcopirita; cuarzo + sericita +- caolinita
1. Magma,
2. Solidified porphyritic cap,
A. Magma location
3. Fluid phase.
B. Solidification of magma
4. Release area of pressure and
C. Explosion and hydrofracturing
volatiles;
D. Formation of the stockwork
5. Intrusive gaps;
structure and the mineralized
6. Dykes and
zone.
7. Stockwork and mineralized zone.
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DEPOSIT OF MINERALS
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DEPOSIT OF MINERALS
LOCATION
The porphyry of Cuajone is located in the South of Peru approximately 42 Km. To
the Northeast of the city of Moquegua
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DEPOSIT OF MINERALS
CONCLUSIONS:
They are normally controlled by high or moderate dip angle faults that cut intrusives and / or
their box rocks. The major veins can extend up to several km in its run and 1 km in depth by
the manteo. Veins may be accompanied by other types of deposits, but larger ones are
presented alone.
The large porphyries such as Cuajone, Toquepala, Quellaveco and Cerro Verde are found
in the youngest bands of the Middle Paleocene - Lower Eocene while the smaller ones such
as Posco, Cachuyo, Cahuyito and La Llave are found in the oldest Jurassic belt. The types
of deposits are not exclusive to a particular metallogenic epoch, at least in the case of copper
porphyries, which are present throughout geological history. What can be highlighted is its
categorical importance in size and law for younger and younger times.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
http://www.proexplo.com.pe/2013/programa/cursos_cortos/Yacimientos%20y%20Met
alogenia/DEPOSITOS%20TIPO%20PORFIDO.pdf
http://www.cec.uchile.cl/~vmaksaev/Dep%F3sitos%20Epitermales.pdf
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