RESEARCH GUIDE

Sample:

Efficiency and accuracy of xph game as a learning supplemental tool for Grade one students of ABC elementary
school

Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

Theoretical/Conceptual Framework

Operational Framework

Statement of the Problem

Statement of Hypothesis

Assumptions of the Study

Scope and Limitation

Significance of the Study

Definition of Terms

Introduction

The Introduction answers the questions:

– What is the research topic? (AREA OF INTEREST)

– What were the findings of previous authors who worked on it? (DEVELOP THE BACKGROUND)

– What gap or need have you identified from previous researches? (INTRODUCE THE PROBLEM)

– What do I expect to accomplish (objectives) or prove (hypothesis)? (STATE THE PURPOSE AND THE RATIONALE)

Formulating the Theoretical or Conceptual Framework

The framework presents the theory which explains why the problem under study exists. Thus, the T/CF is but a
theory that serves as a basis for conducting research.

Reasons for formulating the framework:

• It helps the researcher see clearly the variables of the study

• It can provide him with a general framework for data analysis

• It is essential in preparing a research proposal using descriptive and experimental methods.

Determination of Sample Size

Slovin’s Formula n = ____N_____

1 + Ne2

Where: n = sample size

N = population size

e = desired margin of error

Types of Sampling

1. Probability Sampling. In probability sampling, the sample is a proportion (a certain percentage) of the population
and such sample is selected from the population by means of some systematic way in which every element of the
population has a chance of being included in the sample.

2. Non-Probability sampling. In non-probability sampling the sample is not a proportion of the population and
there is no system in selecting the sample. The selection depends upon the situation.

Chapter 3 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

Instrumentation and Validation

* Kind of Instrument - Construction of the Instrument/s, ex. questionnaire - Parts of questionnaire

* Validity and Reliability - Face Validity, content validity, etc. - Reliability tests

* Evaluation and Scoring - Scaling, interval, etc.

Data Gathering Procedure

• Preliminaries i.e. Letter to Bgry. Capt./Dean/Manager/Respondents, etc. • Orientation/briefing of

enumerators/interviewers, etc. • Distribution System • Retrieval rare –absence of bias group • Follow-up activities
to achieve the desired retrieval rate