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POWER ELECTRONICS
ECE 112
EC42FB11
BUCK CONVERTER
DC-DC CONVERTER
Submitted to:
Submitted on:
September 9, 2019
Submitted by:
POWER
2
BUCK CONVERTER
DC-DC CONVERTER
Specifications Ratings
Maximum Input Voltage Vin(Max) 12V
Average Input Voltage Vin(Avg) V
Minimum Input Voltage Vin(Min) V
Switching Frequency fs 40 kHz
Efficiency η 80 %
Output Power Pout 1W
Output Voltage Vout 5V
Percent Ripple %r 1%
Percent Line Regulation %RegLine 5%
Percent Load Regulation %RegLoad 5%
Percent Current Ripple %ΔIL 40 %
The conceptual model of the buck converter is best
understood in terms of the relation between current and
voltage of the inductor. Beginning with the switch open V. THEORY OF OPERATION
(off-state), the current in the circuit is zero. When the
switch is first closed (on-state), the current will begin to Buck Converter is used in SMPS circuits where the DC
increase, and the inductor will produce an opposing voltage output voltage needs to be lower than the DC input voltage.
across its terminals in response to the changing current. The DC input can be derived from rectified AC or from any
This voltage drop counteracts the voltage of the source and DC supply. It is useful where electrical isolation is not
therefore reduces the net voltage across the load. needed between the switching circuit and the output, but
where the input is from a rectified AC source, isolation
3
between the AC source and the rectifier could be provided
by a mains isolating transformer.
D=Vo/Vs
D=5V/12V
D=0.42
2. Compute for the IL
Imax= IL + ΔIL/2
=3.3mA+(5.37mA/2)
=2.688A
Imin= IL -ΔIL/2
Figure 3. Schematic Diagram. =3.3mA-(5.37mA/2)
=-2.68mA
Iripple=0.30A Ct=4.0x10^-5(ton)
Ct=4.0x10^-5(12.05uS)
IL(avg) + Iripple/2 = 1 + .30/2 = 1.15A Step 10: Calculate the Inductor value
ton+toff=1/40kHz
Ton+toff=25uS
Step 12: Compute for the Cout
6
Cout=(1.15x25)/(8x100) whenever applicable. Do not forget and go beyond the
gutter margin at the left side for compilation purposes. It
Cout=359.37uF should at least be an additional 0.25” on the left side
margin. Review and proofread the content before
submitting. Good luck now!
v. Overcurrent and Short Circuit Line Regulation (FL) Load Regulation (Vi(Avg))
Vin Vo Io Vo
Low No Load (NL)
vi. Break Regulation Nominal Full Load (FL)
High
vii. Efficiency Line Regulation % Load Regulation %
x. Burn-in Test
C. Troubleshooting
Place proper proof of troubleshooting pictures here
with respect to their corresponding subheadings (Activity
No.). Figures of experimentation pictures should be
included with proper format. References should be added
whenever applicable. Do not forget and go beyond the
gutter margin at the left side for compilation purposes. It
should at least be an additional 0.25” on the left side
margin. Review and proofread the content before
submitting. Good luck now!
XI. DATA AND RESULTS
Data and Results from both simulation and testing
should be placed one after another together with its
comparison, analysis and interpretation. Place particular
Tables and Figures here with respect to their
corresponding subheadings and order. Graphical
representations are required and must be placed
immediately after its corresponding table. Other figures
such as waveforms follow the order it should be placed.
Tables and Figures should be included with proper format.
Do not forget and go beyond the gutter margin at the left
side for compilation purposes. It should at least be an
additional 0.25” on the left side margin. Review and
proofread the content before submitting. Good luck now!
8
experimentation is required together with its interpretation,
analysis and comparison. Go directly to the point.
[Photo of V-I Graph/Plot]
<Simulation information…>
<Testing information…>
<Synthesis: Comparison, Analysis and Interpretation …>
E. Break Regulation
Place proper information here in accordance to the
laboratory manual order. Remember, both simulation and
experimentation is required together with its interpretation,
analysis and comparison. Go directly to the point.
[Vi-fr Graph/Plot]
[Vi-Vr(pp) Graph/Plot]
[Vi-Vo Graph/Plot]
<Simulation information…>
<Testing information…>
<Synthesis: Comparison, Analysis and Interpretation …>
F. Efficiency
Place proper information here in accordance to the
laboratory manual order. Remember, both simulation and
experimentation is required together with its interpretation,
analysis and comparison. Go directly to the point.
Table 7. Efficiency at Varying Line Voltage.
C. Output Ripple
[Graph/Plot]
Place proper information here in accordance to the
laboratory manual order. Remember, both simulation and
experimentation is required together with its interpretation, <Simulation information…>
analysis and comparison. Go directly to the point. <Testing information…>
Table 6. Output Ripple in Varying Line Voltage and Load. <Synthesis: Comparison, Analysis and Interpretation …>
Vin Load Io (A) Vo,r(pp) (V) %r G. Power Device Peak Voltage
L NL Place proper information here in accordance to the
L FL laboratory manual order. Remember, both simulation and
N NL experimentation is required together with its interpretation,
N FL analysis and comparison. Go directly to the point.
H NL Table 8. Power Device Peak Voltage Measurements.
<Simulation information…>
<Testing information…>
<Synthesis: Comparison, Analysis and Interpretation …>
D. Current Regulation
Place proper information here in accordance to the
[Graph/Plot]
laboratory manual order. Remember, both simulation and
9
<Simulation information…> XIII. POST EVALUATIONS
<Testing information…> Place post evaluations such as conclusions,
recommendations, lessons learned and summary here. It
<Synthesis: Comparison, Analysis and Interpretation …> can be in paragraph and/or bulleted form. Do not forget and
H. Component Temperature go beyond the gutter margin at the left side for compilation
purposes. It should at least be an additional 0.25” on the
Place proper information here in accordance to the left side margin. Review and proofread the content before
laboratory manual order. Remember, both simulation and submitting. Good luck now!
experimentation is required together with its interpretation,
analysis and comparison. Go directly to the point. A. Conclusions
Table 9. Component Temperature Measurements. Place conclusions here. It should be weighed in
connection to the objectives initially set and should be in
Iter. 1 2 3 4 5 6 bulleted form (1:1 ratio with objectives). Do not forget and
Period 20 40 60 80 100 120 go beyond the gutter margin at the left side for compilation
LOW
Q
purposes. It should at least be an additional 0.25” on the
D left side margin. Review and proofread the content before
U submitting. Good luck now!
NOMINAL
Q B. Recommendations
D Place recommendations here. It should be weighed in
U
connection to totality and generality of the project
HIGH
Q planning and execution throughout its duration and can be
D in paragraph and/or bulleted form. Do not forget and go
U beyond the gutter margin at the left side for compilation
purposes. It should at least be an additional 0.25” on the
left side margin. Review and proofread the content before
[Graph/Plot] submitting. Good luck now!
TABLE STYLES
Figure Labels: Use 8 point Times New Roman for 8. REFERENCES Commented [1]: Place ALL references used.
Within 5 years recency as much as possible.
Figure labels. Use words rather than symbols or The template will number citations consecutively Journals and other online publications are highly encouraged.
abbreviations when writing Figure axis labels to avoid within brackets [1]. The sentence punctuation follows the
confusing the reader. As an example, write the quantity bracket [2]. Refer simply to the reference number, as in
“Magnetization,” or “Magnetization, M,” not just “M.” If [3]—do not use “Ref. [3]” or “reference [3]” except at the
including units in the label, present them within beginning of a sentence: “Reference [3] was the first ...”
parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. In the
Number footnotes separately in superscripts. Place the
example, write “Magnetization (A/m)” or “Magnetization
actual footnote at the bottom of the column in which it was
(A ( m(1),” not just “A/m.” Do not label axes with a ratio
cited. Do not put footnotes in the reference list. Use letters
of quantities and units. For example, write “Temperature
for table footnotes.
(K),” not “Temperature/K.”
Unless there are six authors or more give all authors’
Kindly REMOVE the red sections afterwards.
names; do not use “et al.”. Papers that have not been
7. TASK DISTRIBUTION published, even if they have been submitted for
publication, should be cited as “unpublished” [4]. Papers
Place the role and tasks each member has contributed. that have been accepted for publication should be cited as
For instance the workload can generally include: (i) “in press” [5]. Capitalize only the first word in a paper title,
conceptualization and coordination, (ii) calculations and except for proper nouns and element symbols.
sizing, (iii) simulation, (iv) testing and troubleshooting, (v)
evaluation, (vi) interpretation, analysis and comparison; For papers published in translation journals, please give
and (vii) documentation. Other possible workload can also the English citation first, followed by the original foreign-
be included. A table of the workload is encouraged to keep language citation [6].
it organized.
G. Eason, B. Noble, and I.N. Sneddon, “On certain integrals of Lipschitz-
Note1: WEEKLY WORKLOAD should be attached Hankel type involving products of Bessel functions,” Phil. Trans.
to the weekly progress report for it to be monitored Roy. Soc. London, vol. A247, pp. 529-551, April 1955. (references)
throughout the period. J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 3rd ed., vol.
2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp.68-73.
Note2: SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS includes the I.S. Jacobs and C.P. Bean, “Fine particles, thin films and exchange
anisotropy,” in Magnetism, vol. III, G.T. Rado and H. Suhl, Eds.
following. It should be attached and placed at the last New York: Academic, 1963, pp. 271-350.
part of the documentation in the following order: K. Elissa, “Title of paper if known,” unpublished.
R. Nicole, “Title of paper with only first word capitalized,” J. Name
i. Team Profile (Member Name – Role). Stand. Abbrev., in press.
Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, “Electron spectroscopy
ii. Bill of Materials (include the Part Designation studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate interface,”
No. with respect to schematic designation, IEEE Transl. J. Magn. Japan, vol. 2, pp. 740-741, August 1987
[Digests 9th Annual Conf. Magnetics Japan, p. 301, 1982].
Value, Remarks, Quantity, Entity purchased M. Young, The Technical Writer’s Handbook. Mill Valley, CA:
from, Cost, and Total Cost for each University Science, 1989.
subsystems). See format below.
iii. Schematic Diagram (Layout Form with Title
Block containing Team Name, Team Logo,
Team Members, and Device Name).
iv. PCB Layout (Layout Form with Title Block
containing Team Name, Team Logo, Team
Members, and Device Name).
v. Mechanical Layouts (Layout Form with Title
Block containing Team Name, Team Logo,
Team Members, and Device Name). Commented [2]: REPLACE THIS PAGE WITH
a. Isometric View
(SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS)
CORRESPONDING DOCUMENTS UPON PRINTING AND
b. All Sides (with measurements) SUBMISSION.
vi. Codes/Programs (If applicable)
vii. DC-DC Converter <Photographs in various
views/perspective.>
viii. Modified Flyback Laboratory Result (Perform
the same set of evaluation from the Unmodified
11
APPENDIX A:
TEAM PROFILE
POWER
LET’S DO THIS
Sub Cost
<Subsystem 2>
Sub Cost
<Subsystem 3>
Sub Cost
<Subsystem N>
Sub Cost
Total Cost
(Php)
13
APPENDIX C:
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
<Example: http://www.ni.com/tutorial/52655/en/>
14
APPENDIX D:
PCB LAYOUT
<Example: http://www.ni.com/tutorial/52655/en/>
15
APPENDIX E:
MECHANICAL LAYOUT
<Example: https://www.csuchico.edu/mmem/documents/Department_Drawing_Standard.pdf>
16
APPENDIX F:
_____ CONVERTER
17
APPENDIX G:
_____ CONVERTER EVALUATION RESULTS
I. Lab Set-Up
[Photo of Complete Setup WITH Label]
Vin Vo IO Vo
High
L NL
L FL
N NL
N FL
H NL
H FL
[Vi-fr Graph/Plot]
[Vi-Vr(pp) Graph/Plot]
[Vi-Vo Graph/Plot]
VII. Efficiency
1 20
2 40
3 60
4 80
5 100
6 120
IR Camera
Period
Iteration LOW NOMINAL HIGH
(mins.)
1 20
2 40
3 60
4 80
20
5 100
6 120
X. Burn-In Test
✔ 3 x 45 Mins. Full Load Low each at Low Nominal and High Input.
✔ 3 x 10 Mins. Evaluation.
✔ 3 x 5 Mins. Cool Down.
✔ Compare results from Before and After the Burn-In Test. Include the percent error.