Aptitude - Volume and Surface Area

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Formulae :
Area of a Circle= (Radius)2,Perimeter of Circle = 2(Radius)
Area of a Square= (side)2,Perimeter of Square= 4(side)
Area of a Rectangle= length*breadth ,Perimeter of Rectangle=
2(length + breadth)
Area of a triangle= 1/2*Base*Height or
Area of a triangle= v (s(s-(s-b)(s-c)) where a,b,c are the lengths of the
sides and
s = (a+b+c)/2
Area of a parallelogram= Base * Height
Area of a rhombus= 1/2(Product of diagonals)
Area of a trapezium= 1/2(Sum of parallel sides)(distance between the
parallel sides)
Area of a quadrilateral= 1/2(diagonal)(Sum of sides)
Area of a regular hexagon= 6(v3/4)(side)2
Area of a ring= (R2-r2) where R and r are the outer and inner radii of
the ring.
Cube :

Let a be the length of each edge. Then,

Volume of the cube = a3cubic units

Surface Area = 6a2square units

Diagonal = v 3 a units

Cuboid :

Let l be the length, b be the breadth and h be the height of a cuboid.

Then
Volume = lbh cu units
Surface Area = 2(lb+bh+lh) sq units
Diagonal = v (l2+b2+h2)
Cylinder :

Let radius of the base be r and height of the cylinder be h. Then,

Volume = r2h cu units
Curved Surface Area = 2 rh sq units
Total Surface Area = 2 rh + 2r2sq units

Cone :

Let r be the radius of base, h be the height, and l be the slant height of
the cone. Then,
l2 = h2 + r2
Volume = 1/3(r2h) cu units
Curved Surface Area = rl sq units
Total Surface Area = rl + r2sq units

Sphere :
Let r be the radius of the sphere. Then,
Volume = (4/3) r3cu units
Surface Area = 4r2sq units

Hemi-sphere :
Let r be the radius of the hemi-sphere. Then,
Volume = (2/3) r3cu units
Curved Surface Area = 2r2sq units
Total Surface Area = 3r2sq units

Prism :

Volume = (Area of base)(Height)

Questions:
1) What is the total surface area of a solid hemisphere of diameter 14 cm?

1) 530 cm2 3) 1045 cm2

2) 462 cm2 4) 1888 cm2

Solution :
Total surface area = 3R2

= [3 * 22/7 * 7 * 7] cm2 = 462 cm2

2) Calculate the radius, If Volume of a hemisphere is 19404 cu. cm.

1) 21 cm 3) 20 cm

2) 18 cm 4) 32 cm

Solution :
Let the radius be R cm.
2/3 * 22/7 * R3 = 19404 = R3

= [19404 * 21/44] = (21)3 = R = 21 cm.

3) The volume of the greatest sphere that can be cut off from a cylindrical log of wood
of base radius(R) 1 cm and height(H) 5 cm is :

1) 3/4 3) 4/3

2) 4 4) 5/7

Solution :
Required=>

Volume of a sphere of radius(R) 1 cm

3
=[4/3 * 1 * 1 * 1]cm
= 4/3 cm3
4) What is the height of the cone If a solid metallic spherical ball of
diameter 6 cm is melted and recast into a cone with diameter of the base
as 12 cm.

1) 3 cm 3) 2 cm

2) 4 cm 4) 5 cm

Solution :
Let the height of the cone be H cm. Then,

1/3 * 6 * 6 * H = 4/3 * 3 * 3* 3 =
H = [36 * 3 / 36] = 3 cm.

5) A metallic hemisphere is melted & recast in the shape of a cone with the same base
radius as that of the hemisphere. If H is the height of the cone, then

1) H = 4R 3) H = 2/3 R
2) H = 4R 4) H = 2R

Solution :

2/3 R3 = 1/3 R2H = H = 2R.

6) If the radius of a sphere is increased by 2 cm, then its surface area increases by
2
352 cm . The radius of the sphere before the increase was :

1) 3 cm 3) 6 cm

2) 8 cm 4) 5 cm
Solution :
4(r + 2)2 - 4r2 = 352 = (r + 2) 2 - r2
=[352 * 7/22 * 1/4] = 28.
= (r + 2 + r) (r + 2-r) = 28
= 2r + 2 = 14
= r = [14/2 - 1] = 6 cm.
7) Find the height of the mountain, If the slant height of a conical mountain is 2.5 km
2
and the area of its base is 1.54 km .

1) 2.4 km 3) 2.6 km
2) 2.3 km 4) 2.2 km

Solution :
Let the radius of the base be r km. Then,
r2 = 1.54

=> r2 = [1.54 * 7 / 22] = 0.49 => r = 0.7 km.

Now, l = 2.5 km, r = 0.7 km.
=> h = (2.5) 2 = (0.7) 2 km = 6.25 - 0.49 km
= 5.76 km = 2.4 km.
8) The radii of two cones are in the ratio 2:1, their volumes are equal.
Find the ratio of their heights.

1) 1/2 3) 1/4
2) 1/3 4) 1/5

Solution :
Let their radii be 2x (r), x (R) and their heights be h and H respectively.
=> 1/3 r2h = 1/3R2H

=> 1/3 * * (2x)2 * h = 1/3 * * x2 *H

=> 4h = H
so, h/H = 1/4.
9) A cone of height(h) 7 cm and base radius(r) 3 cm is carved from a
rectangular block of wood 10 cm * 5 cm * 2 cm. The percentage of wood
wasted is :

1) 35 % 3) 32 %
2) 34 % 4) 37 %
Solution :
Volume of the block = (10 * 5 * 2)cm3 = 100 cm3
Volume of the cone carved out =[1/3r2h] = [1/3 * 22/7 * 3 * 3 * 7] cm3
3
=> 66 cm
=> Wood wasted = (100 - 66)% = 34%.

10) The slant height of a right circular cone is 10 m and its height is 8 m. Find the area
of its curved surface.

1) 50 m2 3) 40 m2

2) 60 m2 4) 30 m2

Solution :
l = 10 m, h = 8 m.
hence, r = l2 - h2 = (10) 2 - 82 = 6 m.

=> Curved surface area = rl = ( * 6 * 10) m2 = 60 m2

11) The curved surface of a right circular cone of height 15 cm and base diameter 16
cm is :

1) 136 cm2 3) 132 cm2

2) 138 cm2 4) 131 cm2

Solution :
h = 14 cm, r = 7 cm.
hence, l = r2 + h2 = 82 + (15) 2 = 17 cm.

=> Curved surface area = rl = ( * 8 * 17) cm2 = 136 cm2

12) A powder tin has a square base with side 8 cm and height 14 cm. Another tin has
a circular base with diameter 8 cm and height 14 cm. The difference in their capacities
is :

1) 192 cm3 3) 191 cm3

2) 190 cm3 4) 198 cm3

Solution :
Difference in capacities = [8 * 8 * 14 - 22/7 * 4 * 4 * 14] cm3
= 192cm3
13) The curved surface area of a right circular cylinder of base radius (r) is obtained by
multiplying its volume by :

1) 2r2 km 3) 2/r km

2) 2/r km 4) r2 km
Solution :
Curved surface area = 2rh = (2r2h) 2/r = (Volume * 2/r).
14) A cube of edge 5 cm is cut into cubes each of edge 1 cm. The ratio of the total
surface area of one of the small cubes to that of the large cube is equal to:

1) 1:25 3) 1:55
2) 1:52 4) 1:225

Solution :
Required ratio = 6 * 1 * 1 / 6 * 5 * 5
= 1/25 => 1:25.
15) How many cubes of 10 cm edge can be put in a cubical box of 1 m edge?

1) 1000 3) 10

2) 100 4) 1
Solution :

Number of cubes => [100 * 100 * 100 / 10 * 10 * 10]

=> 1000.
16) Find the height of the cone, If ahollow sphere ofinternal and external
diameters 4 cm and 8 cm respectively ismelted into a cone of base diameter 8
cm.

1) 12 cm 3) 8 cm

2) 14 cm 4) 16 cm

Solution :
Volume of material in the sphere =
[4/3 *{(4)³ - (2)²}] cm³
= [4/3 * 56] cm³
Let the height of the cone be h cm.
Then, 1/3 * 4 * 4 * h = [4/3 * 56]
h =[4 * 56 / 4 * 4] = 14 cm.
17) The volume of thegreatest sphere that can be cut off from a
cylindrical log of wood of baseradius 1 cm and height 5 cm is :

1) 4/3 3) 3/5
2) 5 4) 3

Solution :
Required volume = Volume of a sphere of radius 1cm
= [4/3 * 1 * 1 * 1] cm3
= 4/3 cm3
18) Find the height of the cone If asolid metallic sphericalball of diameter
6 cm is melted and recast into a cone with diameter of thebase as 12
cm.

1) 3 cm 3) 8 cm

2) 4 cm 4) 5 cm

Solution :
Let the height of the cone be h cm.
Then,1/3 * 6 * 6 * h
= 4/3 * 3 * 3* 3
h = [36 * 3 / 36] = 3 cm.

PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

19) The total surface areaof a solid hemisphere of diameter 14 cm, us

1) 564cm2 3) 1246cm2

2) 2500cm2 4) 462cm2

Solution :
Total surface area = 3R2
= [3 * 22/7* 7 * 7] cm2
=462 cm2

PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

20) Find the radius of the ball Ifa cylindrical tub ofradius 12 cm contains
water up to a depth of 20 cm. A spherical iron ball isdropped into the tub
and thus the level of water is raised by 6.75 cm.

1) 9 cm 3) 9.6 cm

2) 5 cm 4) 8.4 cm

Solution :
Let the radius of the ball be r cm.
Volume of ball = Volume of water displaced by it.
4/3 r³ = * 12 * 12 * 6.75
r³ =9 * 9 * 9r =9 cm.

PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

21) A metallic hemisphereis melted and recast in the shape of a cone

with the same base radius (r) asthat of the hemisphere. If H is the height
of the cone, then :
1) 2 r 3) 4r

2) 3 r 4) 3/4 r

Solution :
2/3 r3 = 1/3 r2H
H = 2r.
PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

22) The volume of the largest right circular cone that canbe cut out of a
cube of edge 7 cm is :

1) 89.8 3) 233

2) 126 4) 84.3

Solution :
Volume ofthe block = (10 * 5 * 2) cm³.
Volume of the cone carved out =
[1/3 * 22/7 * 3 * 3 * 7] cm³ = 66 cm³
Wood wasted = (100 - 66)% = 34%.

PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

23) what is its slant height, If the radius and height of a right circular
cone are inthe ratio 3 : 4. and its volume is 96 cm³.

1) 35 cm 3) 20 cm

2) 10 cm 4) 40 cm

Solution :
Letthe radius and the height of the cone be 3x and 4x respectively.Then,
1/3 * * (3x)² * 4x = 96 36x³
= (96 * 3) x³ = [96 * 3 / 36] = 8 x = 2
So, Radius = 6 cm, Height = 8 cm.
Slant height = 6² + 8 ² cm = 100 cm = 10 cm.

PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

24) Find the radius of the cone , If acylinder with base radius of 8 cm and
height of 2 cmis melted to form a cone of height 6 cm.

1) 8 cm 3) 20 cm

2) 10 cm 4) 40 cm

Solution :
Letthe radius of the cone be r cm.
Then, 1/3 * r² * 6 = * 8 * 8 * 2
r² = [8 * 8 * 2 * 3 / 6] = 64
r = 8 cm.

PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

25) What is the volume of the earth dug out , If acircular well with a
diameter of 2 meters, is dug toa depth of 4 meters.

1) 8m³ 3) 44m³

2) 10m³ 4) 40m³

Solution :
Volume =r²h = [22/7 * 1 * 1 * 14] m³
= 44 m³

PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

26) Aniron cube of side 10 cm is hammered into a

rectangular sheet of thickness 0.5 cm. If the sides of
the sheet are in the ratio 1 : 5, the sides are :

1) 30 cm and 20 cm 3) 100 cm and 20 cm

2) 10 cm and 20 cm 4) 2 cm and 10 cm
Solution :
Let the sides of the sheet bexand 5x. Then,
x* 5x* 1/2 = 10 * 10 * 10
5x2= 2000x2= 400x= 20.
The sides are 20 cm and 100 cm.

PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

27) Find the volume of the box,If the areas of the three adjacent faces of
a cuboidbox are 120 cm², 72 cm² and 60 cm² respectively.

1) 720 cm³ 3) 460 cm³

2) 120 cm³ 4) 530 cm³

Solution :
Letthe length, breadth and height of the box be, l, b, and hrespectively,
Then,
Volume = lbh = (lbh)² = lb * bh * lh
=120 * 72 * 60 = 720 cm³

PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

28) If each edge of a cube is doubled, then its volume is

1) Becomes 9 times 3) Becomes 8 times

2) is double 4) Becomes 6 times

Solution :
Letoriginal edge = a. Then, volume = a³
New edge = 2a. So, new volume = (2a)³ = 8a³
Volume becomes 8 times.
PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

29) FindThe length of the wire in meters,If66 cubic centimeters of silver

is drawn into a wire 1mm indiameter.

1) 84 m 3) 43 m

2) 67 m 4) 28 m
Solution :
Let thelength of the wire b h.
Radius = 1/2 mm = 1/20 cm. Then,
22/7 * 1/20 * 1/20 * h = 66
= [66 * 20 * 20 * 7 / 22] = 8400 cm = 84 m.

PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

30) Volume of a hemisphere is 19404 cu. cm. Itsradius is :

1) 23 cm 3) 21 cm

2) 22 cm 4) 24 cm
Solution :
Let the radius be R cm. Then,
2/3 * 22/7 * R3 = 19404 R3
= [19404 * 21/44] = (21)3 R= 21 cm

PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

31) The ratio between the length and the breadth of a

rectangular playground is 3 : 2. If a jogger is
running along the boundary of the ground at a speed
of 12 km/hr is able to complete one round in 8
minutes, then calculate the area of the playground in
square meters.

1) 1536000m2 3) 156300m2

2) 153600 m2 4) 360000m2
Solution :
Perimeter of the playground = [12000/60] * 8 meter =
1600 meter

Let the length of the ground be 3x meters and breadth

= 2x meters

Then , perimeter of the ground = 2 (3x + 2x) = 1600

meters

=> x = 160 .

=> length of playground = 3 * 160 = 480 meters

and breadth pf the playground = 2 * 160 = 320 meters

Therefore , area of the playground = length * breadth

= 480 * 320 = 153600 square meters

PadhleBeta.net - Aptitude - Area and Volume

32) What will be the percentage increase in the area

of a rectangle if each of its sides are increased by
twenty percent?

1) 34% 3) 44%

2) 55% 4) 54%

Solution :
Let the original length of the rectangle = x and
breadth = y meters
Therefore area of the rectangle = (xy)2
After increasing 20% , length becomes = {(120/100)x }
meters = {(6/5)x} meters
and new breadth will be = {(6/5)y} meters
Therefore , now the area will be = {(6/5)x} *
{(6/5)y} m2 = {(36/25) xy} m2
The difference between the new area and original area
of rectangle = {36/25 xy - xy } m2
= {(36/25) - 1 } xy m2 = 11/25 xy m2

Therefore , % increase in the area is = (11/25) xy *

1/xy * 100 = 44%