Section A

Four suggested answers labelled A, B, C and D are given for each question. Choose one correct
answer.

1 Which of the following is the least deflected in a mass spectrometer?

A H
2 
B 4
He C Li
7 
D Li
7

2 10 g of an impure sample of calcium carbonate needs 25.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
for complete reaction. What is the percentage purity of the sample of calcium carbonate? [
Assume that the impurities do not react with sulphuric acid]
A 25% B 50% C 65% D 80%

3 Which of the following pairs of atoms have the same number of neutrons?

A 
C and C
B 
Na and Mg
C 
S and Al
D 
F and Ne

4 The fourth line in the Balmer series of the hydrogen line spectrum is caused by the transition
between levels
A n = 2 to n = 1
B n = 5 to n = 1
C n = 4 to n = 2
D n = 6 to n = 2

5 Phosphorus can form the PCl3 and PCl5 molecule while nitrogen forms only the NCl3 molecule.
This is because

A the size of phosphorus is larger than that of nitrogen

B nitrogen is more electronegative than phosphorus
C nitrogen can form hydrogen bonding while phosphorus cannot
D nitrogen is in Period 2 of the Periodic Table while phosphorus is in
Period 3

6 The bond angle in the H2O molecule is larger than that present in H2S because

I Oxygen atom is larger than sulphur atom

II Oxygen atom is more electronegative than sulphur atom
III H2O can form intermolecular hydrogen bonding but H2S cannot
IV H2O is a liquid at room conditions but H2S is a gas

A I only B II only C I and III D I, II and IV

1
7 A 5.0 dm3 sample of oxygen at a pressure of 100 kPa and a 2.0 dm3 sample of nitrogen at a
pressure of 250 kPa are introduced into a 2.5 dm3 vessel. What is the total pressure of the gases
in the vessel

A 250 kPa
B 350 kPa
C 375 kPa
D 400 kPa

8 At a pressure of 101 kPa and temperature T °C, ice and water exist in equilibrium. Which of
the following observations is true when the pressure is increased?

A Ice melts
B Ice sublimes
C More ice form
D The temperature increases

H
9 The rate constant for the reaction CH COOCH + H O ⇌ CH COOH + CH OH at 25°C is 6.09

x 10-5 s-1. What is the half-life for this reaction?

A 4.94 x 103 minutes
B 1.46 x 10-6 minutes
C 8.76 x 10-5 minutes
D 1.90 x 102 minutes

10 The rate equation for the reaction between X and Y is as follows:

Rate = k [X] [Y]2
When 0.20 mol gas X and 0.10 mol gas Y are mixed in a 2.0 dm3 vessel at 300 °C, the initial
rate is 3.2 x 10-4 mol dm-3 s-1. Which statement is true of the reaction?

A The rate of the reaction is eight times lower in a 4.0 dm3 vessel
B The numerical value of k is 0.16 at 300 °C
C The rate-determining step is bimolecular
D The unit of k is dm3 mol-1 s-1

11 In which of the following equilibrium systems will the reaction move forward if the pressure is
increased at constant temperature?
A  ! (#) ⇌  !(#) + ! (%)
B & (#) ⇌ & (%)
C (#) + ! (%) ⇌ 2!(%)
D ! (%) + 4' (%) ⇌ ' (%) + 2' !(%)

2
12 At 298 K, the equilibrium constant for the reaction,( (%) + ! (%) ⇌ 2(!(%) is 4.2 x 10-31.
 
What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction (!(%) ⇌  ( (%) +  ! (%) at the same

temperature?

A 7.70 x 1014
B 1.54 x 1015
C 1.19 x 1030
D 2.38 x 1030

13 Which of the following can act as an acid or a base according to Brønsted-Lowry theory?
A OH- B HCl C HCO)
 D H3O+

14 Calculate the pH of the buffer solution formed when 1.60 g of sodium ethanoate, CH3COONa,
is dissolved in 500 cm3 of 0.010 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid, CH3COOH. [ Ka for CH3COOH =
1.75 x 10-3 mol dm-3 ]
A OH- B HCl C HCO)
 D H3O+

15 At 50°C, the vapour pressure of hexane is 54 kPa. What is the vapour pressure of hexane in an
ideal mixture of 8.6 g of hexane and 10 g of heptanes at this temperature?
[Relative molar mass: hexane = 86; heptane = 100]
A 5.4 kPa B 11 kPa C 27 kPa D 38 kPa

3
 Section B [15 marks]
Answer all questions in this section on the spaces provided
16. Element X is a monoatomic gas under room temperature and pressure.
(a) Given the density of gas X at room temperature and pressure is 0.163 g dm-3, calculate
the molecular mass of X. [3 marks]

(b) From the molecular mass in (a), deduce gas X and state the ideal behaviour of gas X
under room temperature and pressure. [2 marks]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

(c) In the graph of PV/RT against P below, sketch and labelled the line for an ideal gas and
gas X. [2 marks]

PV/RT

P / atm

4
17. Ascorbic acid, C6H8O6, is a weak monoproctic organic acid which is commonly present in
apple juice.

(a) Explain what is meant by the term "weak monoproctic acid" [1 mark]
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) In an experiment that uses apple juice as sample, it was found out that 25.00 cm3 of
apple juice that contain ascorbic acid at unknown concentration required 22.50 cm3
of 0.200 mol dm-3 potassium hydroxide for complete neutralisation.

(i) Write an ionic equation for the neutralisation reaction [1 mark]

…………………………………………………………………………………………………....
(ii) Calculate the concentration of ascorbic acid that is use for reaction [2 marks]

(c) Given the pH of ascorbic acid in a sample of apple juice is 3.80,

(i) Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ion in apple juice [2 marks]

(ii) Using the answer in (b)(ii) and (c)(i), calculate the dissociation constant of acid, Ka of
ascorbic acid. [2 marks]

5
 Section C [30 marks]
Answer only two questions in this section.

18. (a) When 1.00g of ethane, C2H6 and 0.70g of propene, C3H6, were mixed and burned in excess
oxygen, carbon dioxide and water were obtained.
(i) Write the combustion equation for both ethane and propene. [2 marks]
(ii) From equation in (i), calculate the total mol and volume of carbon dioxide formed from
the mixture of ethane and propene under room temperature and pressure. (Molar volume of gas at
room temperature and pressure = 24.4 dm3 mol-1) [6 marks]
(b) The emission spectral of hydrogen atom for this unknown series is given below.

1.60 2.34 2.74 2.99 3.66 ( x 1014 s-1)

(i) Calculate the ionisation energy of hydrogen atom for this unknown series. (Planck’s
constant = 6.63x10-34 J s ; Avogadro constant = 6.02 x1023 e-mol-1) [4 marks]
(ii) Using Rydberg equation, name this unknown series of this emission spectral of
hydrogen atom.
1 1 1
= +, -  / − /  1
* . .
( Speed of light = 3.0 x108 m s-1; Rydberg’s constant = 1.097 x107 m-1) [3 marks]

19. Aluminium is one of the most abundant metal on earth. It has relatively low density and
well-known for its ability to resist corrosion due to the phenomenon of passivation. Aluminium is a
good thermal and electrical conductor, having 59% the conductivity of copper, both thermal and
electrical, while having only 30% of copper’s density.
(a) Explain why aluminium has a lower electrical conductivity than copper. [3 marks]
(b) (i) Aluminium passivate to air and water, as it is coated by a layer of aluminium oxide
which is an amphoteric oxide. Define the term “amphoteric oxide”. Write a balanced chemical
equation between the reaction of aluminium oxide with hydrochloric acid and with sodium
hydroxide. [3 marks]
(ii) Explain why aluminium oxide is amphoteric. [2 marks]
(c) Ethanoic acid, CH3COOH is a weak organic acid, commonly used in food industries as
preservative and flavouring. It is one of the organic compound which can dissolve in both organic
solvent and water.
(i) Using suitable diagram, explain what happened to ethanoic acid when dissolve in
organic solvent. Hence calculate the relative molecular mass of ethanoic acid in organic solvent.
[4 marks]
(ii) When ethanoic acid dissolve in water, it dissociate partially in water. Ethanoate ion
formed can be illustrated in more than one structure. Draw the resonance structures and resonance
hybrid of ethanoate ions formed. [3 marks]

6
20. (a) The activation energy, EA, of a reaction can be calculated from the Arrhenius equation
567
below. 2 = 3 4 89
In an investigation, the rate constants for the gas-phase decomposition of nitrogen
monoxide,NO, into its elements are measured at five different temperatures. The results are shown
in the table below.

T/K 298 308 318 328 338

k/ mol-1 dm3 s-1 1.74x10-5 6.61x10-5 2.51x10-4 7.59x10-4 2.40x10-3

Determine graphically the activation energy of the composition of nitrogen monoxide. Write
an equation for the reaction involved and state the order of this reaction. [7 marks]

(b) Lightning increased the temperature of air to about 33,0000C. This will caused the
atmospheric nitrogen gas to react with oxygen gas in the air to form nitrogen monoxide according to
equation
N2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 NO (g) ∆H = +180 kJ

(i) Why does the reaction between nitrogen and oxygen in air occur only during lightning
and not under normal atmospheric condition? [2 marks]

(ii) The presence of nitrogen oxide will eventually deplete the ozone layer in the
stratosphere layer according to the series of proposed mechanisms shown below.
Step 1 : O3 (g) → O2 (g) + O (g)
Step 2 : NO (g) + O3 (g) → NO2 (g) + O2 (g)
Step 3 : NO2 (g) + O (g) → NO (g) + O2 (g)
Explain the role of nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide in the reaction above.
[6 marks]

7
 MAKTAB SULTAN ABU BAKAR
UJIAN PENILAIAN PRA-PENTAKSIRAN (2) SEM 1 2015
SUBJECT : CHEMISTRY
Name : ____________________________________ Tingkatan : LOWER 6 ___________
Section A [15 marks]

1 6 11
2 7 12
3 8 13
4 9 14
5 10 15

16.(a) i. PV = nRT @ MR = dRT / P [1] 19.(a) Al and Cu have giant metallic structure [1]
- MR = 0.163 x 8.31 x 298 / 101x 103 x 1.0 x 10-3 [1] - Cu has stronger metallic bond than Al as it can delocalised
- MR = 4.00 [1] more electrons [1]
ii. - gas M is helium [1] - as difference of energy level between 3d and 4s orbital in Cu
- it behave almost like an ideal gas under room temperature is small [1]
and pressure [1] (b)i. - oxide that can act as acid as well as base [1]
iii. PV / RT M [1] - Al2O3 + 6 HCl
2 AlCl3 + 3 H2O [1]
- Al2O3 + 2 NaOH + 3 H2O
2 NaAl(OH)4 [1]
ii. . - Al2O3 is ionic bond [1]
1.0 -- ideal [1] - Al3+ has high charge density / polarising power [1]
(c) i. -ethanoic acid form dimer in organic solvent [1]
P / atm - using hydrogen bond as intermolecular forces [1]
17.(a) acid which dissociate partially to form single hydrogen
ion from each molecule of acid [1]
(b) i. H+ + OH- → H2O [1]
- [1]
M a Va a M a ( 25.00 ) 1
ii.
M b Vb b
= ;
( 0.200 )( 22.50 )
=
1
[1] - RMM of ethanoic acid in organic solvent 120 [1]
ii.- resonance structure are molecular structure that can be
Ma = 0.18 mol dm-3 [1] expressed by more than one way [1]
(c) i. pH = - lg [H+] @ [H+] = 10-3.80 [1] H OH
- [H+] = 1.58 x 10-4 mol dm-3 [1] H C C
ii. [H + ]2 (1.58 × 10 − 4 ) 2 [1] [1] H O [1]
Ka = @ Ka =
c 0.18
Ka = 1.39 x 10-7 mol dm-3 [1]

18. (a) i. C2H6 + 7/2 O2
2 CO2 + 3 H2O [1]

- C3H6 + 9/2 O2
3 CO2 + 3 H2O [1]
ii. mol of C2H6 = 1.00 / 30 = 0.0333 mol [1]
mol of C3H6 = 0.70 / 42 = 0.0167 mol [1]
mol of CO2 by C2H6 = 0.0333 x 2 = 0.0667 mol ; and mol
CO2 by C3H6 = 0.0167 x 2 = 0.0333 mol [1]
total mol CO2 = 0.0667 x 0.0333 = 0.100 mol [1]
VCO2 = mol x Vm @ = 0.100 x 24.4 [1]
= 2.44 dm3 or 2440 cm3 [1]
(b) i. - E = hf @ (6.63 x 10-34)(3.66 x 1014) [1]
= 2.43 x 10-19 J e- [1]
∆H = E x NA @ (2.43 x 10-19)(6.02 x 1023) [1]
= 146 kJ mol-1 [1]
ii.- 1/λ = f / c @ 3.66 x 1014 / 3.0 x 108 [1]
= 1.22 x 106 m-1 [1]
1.22 x 106 = 1.097 (1/n2 - 1/∞2) [1]
n = 3 [1]

8
20.(a) Table [1] b) - Nitrogen dioxide / NO2 [1]
1/T 3.36x10-3 3.25x10-3 3.14x10-3 3.05x10-3 2.96x10-3 - act as homogeneous catalyst [1]
ln k -10.96 -9.62 -8.29 -7.18 -6.03 - as reactant and catalyst are at the same state of matter [1]
Graph : Axis [1] ; plotting [1] ; gradient [1] - Step 1 : 2 SO2(g) + 2 NO2(g) → 2 SO3(g) + 2 NO(g) [1]
- Step 2 : 2 NO (g) + O2 (g) → 2 NO2(g) [1]
-6.00 - NO act as intermediate [1]
-1
2.90E-03 3.00E-03 3.10E-03 3.20E-03 3.30E-03 3.40E-03 1/T K

-7.00

-8.00

-9.00

-10.00

-11.00

- 2 NO → N2 + O2 [1]
- reaction is 2nd order with respect to HI [1]
gradient = -10.96 - (-9.62) @ - 12182 [1]
3.36 x 10-3 - 3.25 x 10-3
since gradient = - EA / R @ - 12182 = - EA / 8.31 [1]
EA = 101 kJ mol-1 (accepted range 110 - 90) [1]