a.

definition of agricultural sociology

sociology comes from the Latin socius which means "friend, together" and logos which means talk.
Sociology is defined as the knowledge of society (talk about friends, about togetherness) (Rahardjo,
9,2017)

1. history

although in Europe majors and textbooks on agricultural sociology are new, but agricultural
sociology in research and teaching has begun since the 19th century and has its roots in the 18th
century in France and Germany.

In 1952 a research association for agricultural politics and agricultural sociology was established
representing all institutions and research centers. since then, a history of agriculture and agricultural
sociology magazine has appeared twice a year.

The technical school in zurich / switzerland in 1965 built a department for the history and sociology
of agriculture in hirit (austria) and published a series of writings known since 1968. Since 1988 the
sociology association also has a department of agricultural sociology and followed by European
countries another after world war 2.

2. definition of agricultural sociology

according to ulrich planck (1990), agricultural sociology discusses social phenomena in agricultural
economics. agricultural sociology are agricultural laws, agricultural social organizations (agricultural
structures), agricultural enterprises, forms of agricultural organizations, especially agricultural
cooperatives, and an important aspect namely the position of farmers in the community.

3. definition of rural sociology

Rural sociology is a branch of sociology that systematically studies rural communities to express their
conditions and trends and formulate principles of progress (Gillete, 1999)

4. comparison of agricultural sociology with other sociology

-sociology of education is defined in two ways. first, the sociology of education is defined as a study
that studies the relationship between the people in which there is social interaction with education
(damsar, 2010)

religious sociology is part of general sociology (western version) which studies empirical, profane
and positive culture which leads to general knowledge, which is clear and definite structure,
functions and changes in religious groups and symptoms of religious groups (gaddjin, 1990)

Cultural anthropology is a branch of science that wants to highlight human culture in comparison
(Ihromi, 2012)

-ronomy is a branch of agriculture (science and technology) related to the theory and practice of
crop production and management of cultivated land (arable land) scientifically (Tohari, 2018)

from the above understanding it can be concluded that the difference in agricultural sociology with
other sociology is its object. on the sociology of education the main object is people in the form of a
student or student. while the sociology of religion, the object is religious people. so that agricultural
sociology, the sociology of education and the sociology of religion are different on the object even
though the three sciences are the study of public relations and agricultural sociology studying the
relationships / interactions of someone who is a farmer.

While the difference in agricultural sociology with other sciences is the object and purpose of the
knowledge. in cultural anthropology focus more on culture by comparison. while the object
agronomy is in the form of science and technology in agriculture with the aim of optimal crop
production. different from agricultural sociology, the object of which is the farmer and the purpose
of his knowledge to find out the relationship / interaction of the farmer

b. scope of agricultural sociology

1. agricultural structure

the structure of agriculture or agricultural social organization means functions and institutions. the
notion of function in sociology has many meanings. according to mathematical natural sciences the
function of the function is the opposite effect or must depart from the elements of social structure.
agricultural structures that meet the provisions of agricultural politics, which are able to feed the
population of a country, deserve to be called functional agricultural structures (Planck, 1990)

2. social change

sociology is the study of public relations. as we know, society always changes. generally sociology
uses the concept of social change. social change is a development that is caused by an interaction
(rahardjo, 2017). for example, in the era before the modern era, farmers marketed their crops by
trading directly in the area where they lived, but with the development of social interactions,
farmers could market them to different cities because of interactions with sellers in other cities.

3. cultural

sociology besides being known as the concept of social change, it is also known as the concept of
cultural change. cultural change is a change related to the culture of society

c. agricultural sociology approach

1. qualitative methods

Qualitative methods prioritize materials that are difficult to measure by numbers or by other
measures that are exact, even though they are present in the community. methods that are
classified as qualitative methods, namely

- historical method

method that uses analysis of events in the past to form general principles (soekanto, 1990)

- comparative method

a method that emphasizes the comparison between various societies and their fields, to obtain
differences and their causes (Soekanto, 1990)

case study method

methods that examine a situation, group, or local community using interviews, questions or
questiomaires (soekanto, 1990)

2. quantitative methods

methods that rely on numbers so that the symptoms studied can be measured using scales, indices,
tables and mathematical formulas (soekanto, 1990)